CN103294853A - Contactor attraction time qualification rate predicting method based on Monte Carlo simulation - Google Patents
Contactor attraction time qualification rate predicting method based on Monte Carlo simulation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a contactor attraction time qualification rate predicting method based on Monte Carlo simulation, belongs to the technical field of contactor detection and solves the problem of high cost in designing and testing and long designing cycle caused by the fact that samples are needed to be processed and manufactured in a method for testing attraction time parameters in an existing contact designing process. The method includes determining designing values and upper and lower limits of three parameters having influences on attraction time according to a contactor designing file and generating N groups of parameter combinations by adopting an independent identically distributed central limit theorem and utilizing MATLAB; acquiring N groups of attraction time characteristic parameters according to the N groups of parameter combinations; acquiring distribution characteristics of the attraction time parameters; acquiring a contactor attraction time qualification rate of a contactor by utilizing a Simpson law according to the distribution characteristics and attraction time designing parameters of a contactor. The contactor attraction time qualification rate predicting method based on Monte Carlo simulation is suitable for predicating and analyzing the qualification rate of contactor attraction time in a designing link of the contactor so as to provide a basis for a designer of the contactor to correct designing parameters.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the contactor field, relate to a kind of pickup time of qualification rate computing method, just be based on the contactor yield analysis pickup time method of Monte Carlo simulation specifically.
Background technology
Be the most important basic parameter of contactor pickup time, is the key factor that determines contactor electric current of make-and-break ability, can directly determine according to this parameter whether contactor is qualified." TB/T2767-2010 used for rolling stock D.C. contactor " 7.2.6 bar is clearly stipulated " manufacturer should provide contactor the pickup time under specified control supply voltage and nominal air pressure ".But in the product development of reality, because the complicacy of real mechanism, various parameters comprise that dimensional parameters, design parameter and adjustment parameter all can be to producing certain influence pickup time.
In the design process of existing contactor, be after the design drawing of contactor is handled, go out a plurality of samples according to the design drawing processing and fabricating, adopt testing apparatus to carry out the test of pickup time to a plurality of samples of making then, and then whether the parameter that can verify design is reasonable, if unreasonable, just needs revisions on drawings, then again the processing and fabricating sample, do experiment again, this has just caused design cycle prolongation and design and testing cost than higher.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to solve in the design process of existing contactor, need come out to exist the method that the parameter of pickup time is tested design cycle length and processing and fabricating sample to cause designing the problem high with testing cost sample making according to design drawing, the invention provides a kind of contactor qualification rate pickup time Forecasting Methodology based on Monte Carlo simulation.
The step of the contactor qualification rate pickup time Forecasting Methodology based on Monte Carlo simulation of the present invention is as follows:
Step 1: obtain dimensional parameters design load, the design parameter design load of contactor and adjust the range of tolerable variance of parameter designing value and each parameter according to design document and art work sheet, utilize MATLAB to produce the N group changes and meet normal distribution in range of tolerable variance dimensional parameters, design parameter and adjustment parameter three class parameter combinations according to independent identically distributed central limit theorem, Parameter N is the integer more than or equal to 1000;
Step 2: above N is organized three class parameter combinations successively as the input parameter of contactor acquisition module pickup time, obtain N group operate time characteristic parameter;
Step 3: N group parameter pickup time that obtains is analyzed, calculated and obtain probability density function, parameter expectation and mean square deviation, and then obtain N group parameter distributions characteristic pickup time;
Step 4: require to determine to differentiate boundary pickup time N group parameter distributions property calculation contactor qualification rate pickup time pickup time of utilizing the Simpson rule to obtain according to step 3 according to the performance index in the design parameter of contactor.
Described contactor acquisition module pickup time adopts software engineering to realize, the course of work of this module comprises and the following is step:
Steps A, contactor model calculating parameter initialization characterisitic parameter is set;
Step B, ask the current time magnetic linkage by previous moment coil voltage, electric current and magnetic linkage integration;
Step C, obtain coil current by coil flux linkage, armature displacement check table;
Step D, the coil current, the armature displacement check table that are obtained by step C obtain electromagnetic attraction;
Step e, calculate the mechanical spring counter-force by the armature displacement;
Step F, employing fourth-order Runge-Kutta method are found the solution the mechanical motion differential equation group, and described mechanical motion differential equation group is:
Described Y represents armature displacement, speed column vector, expression formula be Y=(x, v)
TFollowing footnote n represents sampling instant;
t
nExpression n is time corresponding constantly;
G represents armature speed, acceleration column vector, and expression formula is
V represents armature speed, and F represents electromagnetic attraction; F represents counter-force; M represents the armature quality;
G (t
n, Y
n) middle t
nAnd Y
nIndependent variable for above-mentioned expression formula;
H represents step-length computing time;
The calculation result data of step G, preservation step F is also extracted the operate time characteristic parameter, and obtain qualification rate pickup time according to the allowed band of the pickup time in the design document from described calculation result data.
The described table of comparisons be the coil flux linkage of contactor about the bivariate table of coil current and armature displacement, this table of comparisons obtains by following step:
Step H, in UG software, set up the electromagnetic mechanism three-dimensional model according to the design drawing of the electromagnetic mechanism of contactor;
Step I, by software finite element software FLUX according to the three-dimensional model of electromagnetic mechanism, calculate the coil current, armature displacement, electromagnetic attraction and the magnetic linkage that obtain many windings tentaculum;
Step J, the coil current, armature displacement, electromagnetic attraction and the magnetic linkage parameter that obtain many windings tentaculum according to step I make up the table of comparisons.
Step I is described by the three-dimensional model of software finite element software FLUX according to electromagnetic mechanism, and the process of calculating the coil flux linkage, coil current and the armature displacement that obtain many windings tentaculum is:
Step I1, employing finite element software FLUX set up geometric model according to the three-dimensional model of electromagnetic mechanism, and this geometric model are divided finite element grid;
Step I2, the physical attribute of each finite element grid among the step I1 is set according to the real physical characteristics of electromagnetic mechanism;
Step I3, the geometric model that sets up physical attribute is carried out static characteristics emulation, the coil current values of the many groups of input and corresponding dimensional parameters during emulation, described current value is obtained divided by the coil resistance in the design parameter of contactor by voltage; Obtain armature displacement, electromagnetic attraction and the magnetic linkage of every group of coil current value and dimensional parameters correspondence by emulation.
The process that the N that utilizes the Simpson rule to obtain according to step 3 described in the step 4 organizes parameter distributions property calculation contactor qualification rate pickup time pickup time is: the expectation and the variance that at first calculate N group data pickup time, then according to existing pickup time acceptability limit determine that the Simpson rule calculates required upper lower limit value, adopt described rule to divide in the upper lower limit value inner product at last and obtain contactor qualification rate pickup time.
Method of the present invention is applied to the design link of contactor, can just carry out quantitative assessment and judgement to the rationality of its parameter in the design link, when shortening trial-produce period, reducing testing cost, improves reliability of products.
Method of the present invention was applicable in the contactor design phase carries out forecast analysis to the qualification rate of contactor pickup time, and then provides the foundation of revising design parameter for the deviser of contactor.
This method is based on Monte Carlo simulation and proposes, and Monte Carlo (Monte Carlo) simulation is a kind of by setting stochastic process, rise time sequence repeatedly, and the calculating parameter estimator, and then study the method for its distribution characteristics.The principle of Monte Carlo simulation method is when problem or object itself have probability characteristics, can produce sampling results with the method for computer simulation, according to the value of sample calculation statistic or parameter; Along with increasing of simulation number of times, the method that can be averaging by the estimated value to each time statistic or parameter obtains stablizing conclusion.
When each parameter of contactor known, owing to relate to machine,, finding the solution of magnetic coupling equation, be difficult to directly set up according to the tolerance of each parameter the mathematical models of contactor batch products qualification rate pickup time, but can (comprise dimensional parameters at each parameter of contactor, design parameter, tuning parameter) produces N numerical value that in range of tolerable variance, changes and meet normal distribution at random, extract a numerical value then from these parameters is used for calculating pickup time at every turn, so carry out obtaining for N time the pickup time of N contactor, be equivalent to produce and assembled N contactor and record pickup time, then this N is carried out statistical study a pickup time, obtain its regularity of distribution and parameter, calculate its of qualification rate according to discrimination standard at last pickup time, N is more big, and its qualification rate that calculates more approaches with actual conditions.This computation process has been used the thought of Monte Carlo simulation.
The present invention is in the design phase of contactor, the dimensional parameters, design parameter and the adjustment parameter tolerances scope that provide according to art work sheet, utilize approximate contactor qualification rate pickup time that obtains of thought of Monte Carlo Analogue Method, can allow manufacturing enterprise that the manufacturing of contactor is had the assurance of an overall situation, lay the foundation for further improving the contactor qualification rate simultaneously.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the method for the invention; Fig. 2 is the fundamental diagram of contactor acquisition module pickup time; Fig. 3 is certain model contactor construction synoptic diagram, and wherein 1 is shell, and 2 is connecting rod, and 3 is coil, and 4 is armature, and 5 is reaction spring, and 6 is iron core, and 7 is yoke, and 8 is rebound spring, and 9 is moving contact, and 10 is static contact; Fig. 4 is certain model contactor moving contact distribution curve pickup time and differentiates boundary that wherein the vertical line perpendicular to horizontal ordinate is the differentiation boundary.Fig. 5 is that the present invention calculates the schematic diagram that obtains qualification rate pickup time.
Embodiment
Embodiment one, referring to Fig. 1 present embodiment is described.The described a kind of contactor qualification rate pickup time Forecasting Methodology based on Monte Carlo simulation of present embodiment, this method comprises the steps:
Step 1: obtain dimensional parameters design load, the design parameter design load of contactor and adjust the range of tolerable variance of parameter designing value and each parameter according to design document and art work sheet, utilize MATLAB to produce the N group changes and meet normal distribution in range of tolerable variance dimensional parameters, design parameter and adjustment parameter three class parameter combinations according to independent identically distributed central limit theorem, Parameter N is the integer more than or equal to 1000;
Step 2: above N is organized three class parameter combinations successively as the input parameter of contactor acquisition module pickup time, obtain N group operate time characteristic parameter;
Step 3: N group parameter pickup time that obtains is analyzed, calculated and obtain probability density function, parameter expectation and mean square deviation, and then obtain N group parameter distributions characteristic pickup time;
Step 4: require to determine to differentiate boundary pickup time N group parameter distributions property calculation contactor qualification rate pickup time pickup time of utilizing the Simpson rule to obtain according to step 3 according to the performance index in the design parameter of contactor.
The described independent identically distributed central limit theorem of step 1, namely row dimension one Edward Lindberg theorem is a kind of special shape of the central limit theorem in the statistics, has than widespread use in practice.
The specific implementation method of above-mentioned independent identically distributed central limit theorem in MATLAB is in MATLAB, by limiting the mode of expectation value and variance, adopt function of random variable Random to generate N group number, then this N group numerical value directly satisfies row dimension one Edward Lindberg theorem.Wherein, expectation value is the design centre value, and variance is then determined by the range of tolerable variance of design.
Embodiment two, referring to Fig. 2 present embodiment is described.The difference of the described a kind of contactor qualification rate pickup time Forecasting Methodology based on Monte Carlo simulation of present embodiment and embodiment one is, described contactor acquisition module pickup time adopts software engineering to realize, the course of work of this module comprises and the following is step:
Steps A, contactor model calculating parameter initialization characterisitic parameter is set;
Step B, ask the current time magnetic linkage by previous moment coil voltage, electric current and magnetic linkage integration;
Step C, obtain coil current by coil flux linkage, armature displacement check table;
Step D, the coil current, the armature displacement check table that are obtained by step C obtain electromagnetic attraction;
Step e, calculate the mechanical spring counter-force by the armature displacement;
Step F, employing fourth-order Runge-Kutta method are found the solution the mechanical motion differential equation group, and described mechanical motion differential equation group is:
Described Y represents armature displacement, speed column vector, expression formula be Y=(x, v)
TFollowing footnote n represents sampling instant;
t
nExpression n is time corresponding constantly;
G represents armature speed, acceleration column vector, and expression formula is
V represents armature speed, and F represents electromagnetic attraction; F represents counter-force; M represents the armature quality;
G (t
n, Y
n) middle t
nAnd Y
nIndependent variable for above-mentioned expression formula;
H represents step-length computing time;
The calculation result data of step G, preservation step F is also extracted the operate time characteristic parameter, and obtain qualification rate pickup time according to the allowed band of the pickup time in the design document from described calculation result data.
The difference of the described a kind of contactor qualification rate pickup time Forecasting Methodology based on Monte Carlo simulation of embodiment three, present embodiment and embodiment two is, the described table of comparisons be the coil flux linkage of contactor about the bivariate table of coil current and armature displacement, this table of comparisons obtains by following step:
Step H, in UG software, set up the electromagnetic mechanism three-dimensional model according to the design drawing of the electromagnetic mechanism of contactor;
Step I, by software finite element software FLUX according to the three-dimensional model of electromagnetic mechanism, calculate the coil current, armature displacement, electromagnetic attraction and the magnetic linkage that obtain many windings tentaculum;
Step J, the coil current, armature displacement, electromagnetic attraction and the magnetic linkage parameter that obtain many windings tentaculum according to step I make up the table of comparisons.
The difference of the described a kind of contactor qualification rate pickup time Forecasting Methodology based on Monte Carlo simulation of embodiment four, present embodiment and embodiment three is, step I is described by the three-dimensional model of software finite element software FLUX according to electromagnetic mechanism, and the process of calculating the coil flux linkage, coil current and the armature displacement that obtain many windings tentaculum is:
Step I1, employing finite element software FLUX set up geometric model according to the three-dimensional model of electromagnetic mechanism, and this geometric model are divided finite element grid;
Step I2, the physical attribute of each finite element grid among the step I1 is set according to the real physical characteristics of electromagnetic mechanism;
Step I3, the geometric model that sets up physical attribute is carried out static characteristics emulation, the coil current values of the many groups of input and corresponding dimensional parameters during emulation, described current value is obtained divided by the coil resistance in the design parameter of contactor by voltage; Obtain armature displacement, electromagnetic attraction and the magnetic linkage of every group of coil current value and dimensional parameters correspondence by emulation.
Embodiment five, the difference of the described a kind of contactor qualification rate pickup time Forecasting Methodology based on Monte Carlo simulation of present embodiment and embodiment one is, the process that the N that utilizes the Simpson rule to obtain according to step 3 described in the step 4 organizes parameter distributions property calculation contactor qualification rate pickup time pickup time is: the expectation and the variance that at first calculate N group data pickup time, then according to existing pickup time acceptability limit determine that the Simpson rule calculates required upper lower limit value, adopt described rule to divide in the upper lower limit value inner product at last and obtain contactor qualification rate pickup time.
Illustrate that referring to Fig. 5 present embodiment calculating obtains the principle of qualification rate pickup time, among Fig. 5, curve is represented the operate time characteristic curve, and horizontal ordinate is represented pickup time, and ordinate is represented probability density, and vertical curve is represented boundary, then according to formula
Can obtain the probability of pickup time.
Embodiment six, present embodiment are concrete cases of a kind of contactor qualification rate pickup time Forecasting Methodology based on Monte Carlo simulation of the present invention, and in the present case, described step is as follows:
Step 1: the parameter ginseng that obtains dimensional parameters design load, the design parameter design load of contactor and adjust the range of tolerable variance of parameter designing value and each parameter according to the design document of certain model contactor construction shown in Figure 3 and art work sheet is shown in Table 1:
Table 1
| Code name | Meaning | Scope | Design load |
| x1 | Coil resistance (Ω) | 5.50±0.55 | 5.50 |
| x2 | Clearance between open contacts (mm) | 1.30±0.13 | 1.3 |
| x3 | Armature travel (mm) | 2.20±0.06 | 2.20 |
| x4 | Rebound spring decrement (mm) | 0.45±0.03 | 0.45 |
| x5 | Reaction spring decrement (mm) | 8.54±0.10 | 8.54 |
| x6 | Rebound spring rigidity (kN/m) | 16.27±0.30 | 16.27 |
| x7 | Reaction spring rigidity (kN/m) | 0.250±0.019 | 0.250 |
| x8 | Moving contact quality (g) | 7.74±0.74 | 7.74 |
| x9 | Armature quality (g) | 8.88±0.18 | 8.88 |
| x10 | Contact colliding stiffness (10 9N/m） | 4.20±0.84 | 4.20 |
| x11 | The contact collision punishment degree of depth (mm) | 0.10±0.01 | 0.10 |
| x12 | Contact collisional damping (10 4Ns/m） | 3.5±0.7 | 3.5 |
Utilize MATLAB to produce the N group changes and meet normal distribution in range of tolerable variance dimensional parameters, design parameter and adjustment parameter three class parameter combinations according to independent identically distributed central limit theorem, Parameter N is the integer more than or equal to 1000;
Step 2: above N is organized three class parameter combinations successively as the input parameter of contactor acquisition module pickup time, obtain N group operate time characteristic parameter;
Step 3: N group parameter pickup time to acquisition is analyzed, and calculate and obtain probability density function, parameter expectation and mean square deviation, and then acquisition N group parameter distributions characteristic pickup time is N (0.008707,6.8143 * 10
-9);
Step 4: require to determine to differentiate pickup time boundary for being specification product less than 8.8ms according to the performance index in the design parameter of contactor, N group parameter distributions property calculation contactor qualification rate pickup time pickup time of utilizing the Simpson rule to obtain according to step 3, as shown in Figure 4, curve is that contact is inhaled and time distribution curve among the figure, the vertical line vertical with horizontal ordinate is to be the differentiation boundary of 8.8ms the time, and utilizing the Simpson rule to calculate contactor qualification rate pickup time is 86.9%.
Claims (5)
1. contactor qualification rate pickup time Forecasting Methodology based on Monte Carlo simulation, it is characterized in that: step is as follows:
Step 1: obtain dimensional parameters design load, the design parameter design load of contactor and adjust the range of tolerable variance of parameter designing value and each parameter according to design document and art work sheet, utilize MATLAB to produce the N group changes and meet normal distribution in range of tolerable variance dimensional parameters, design parameter and adjustment parameter three class parameter combinations according to independent identically distributed central limit theorem, Parameter N is the integer more than or equal to 1000;
Step 2: above N is organized three class parameter combinations successively as the input parameter of contactor acquisition module pickup time, obtain N group operate time characteristic parameter;
Step 3: N group parameter pickup time that obtains is analyzed, calculated and obtain probability density function, parameter expectation and mean square deviation, and then obtain N group parameter distributions characteristic pickup time;
Step 4: require to determine to differentiate boundary pickup time N group parameter distributions property calculation contactor qualification rate pickup time pickup time of utilizing the Simpson rule to obtain according to step 3 according to the performance index in the design parameter of contactor.
2. a kind of contactor qualification rate pickup time Forecasting Methodology based on Monte Carlo simulation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described contactor acquisition module pickup time adopts software engineering to realize, the course of work of this module comprises and the following is step:
Steps A, contactor model calculating parameter initialization characterisitic parameter is set;
Step B, ask the current time magnetic linkage by previous moment coil voltage, electric current and magnetic linkage integration;
Step C, obtain coil current by coil flux linkage, armature displacement check table;
Step D, the coil current, the armature displacement check table that are obtained by step C obtain electromagnetic attraction;
Step e, calculate the mechanical spring counter-force by the armature displacement;
Step F, employing fourth-order Runge-Kutta method are found the solution the mechanical motion differential equation group, and described mechanical motion differential equation group is:
Described Y represents armature displacement, speed column vector, expression formula be Y=(x, v)
TFollowing footnote n represents sampling instant;
t
nExpression n is time corresponding constantly;
G represents armature speed, acceleration column vector, and expression formula is
V represents armature speed, and F represents electromagnetic attraction; F represents counter-force; M represents the armature quality;
G (t
n, Y
n) middle t
nAnd Y
nIndependent variable for above-mentioned expression formula;
H represents step-length computing time;
The calculation result data of step G, preservation step F is also extracted the operate time characteristic parameter, and obtain qualification rate pickup time according to the allowed band of the pickup time in the design document from described calculation result data.
3. a kind of contactor qualification rate pickup time Forecasting Methodology based on Monte Carlo simulation according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the described table of comparisons be the coil flux linkage of contactor about the bivariate table of coil current and armature displacement, this table of comparisons obtains by following step:
Step H, in UG software, set up the electromagnetic mechanism three-dimensional model according to the design drawing of the electromagnetic mechanism of contactor;
Step I, by software finite element software FLUX according to the three-dimensional model of electromagnetic mechanism, calculate the coil current, armature displacement, electromagnetic attraction and the magnetic linkage that obtain many windings tentaculum;
Step J, the coil current, armature displacement, electromagnetic attraction and the magnetic linkage parameter that obtain many windings tentaculum according to step I make up the table of comparisons.
4. a kind of contactor qualification rate pickup time Forecasting Methodology based on Monte Carlo simulation according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: step I is described by the three-dimensional model of software finite element software FLUX according to electromagnetic mechanism, and the process of calculating the coil flux linkage, coil current and the armature displacement that obtain many windings tentaculum is:
Step I1, employing finite element software FLUX set up geometric model according to the three-dimensional model of electromagnetic mechanism, and this geometric model are divided finite element grid;
Step I2, the physical attribute of each finite element grid among the step I1 is set according to the real physical characteristics of electromagnetic mechanism;
Step I3, the geometric model that sets up physical attribute is carried out static characteristics emulation, the coil current values of the many groups of input and corresponding dimensional parameters during emulation, described current value is obtained divided by the coil resistance in the design parameter of contactor by voltage; Obtain armature displacement, electromagnetic attraction and the magnetic linkage of every group of coil current value and dimensional parameters correspondence by emulation.
5. a kind of contactor qualification rate pickup time Forecasting Methodology based on Monte Carlo simulation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the process that the N that utilizes the Simpson rule to obtain according to step 3 described in the step 4 organizes parameter distributions property calculation contactor qualification rate pickup time pickup time is: the expectation and the variance that at first calculate N group data pickup time, then according to existing pickup time acceptability limit determine that the Simpson rule calculates required upper lower limit value, adopt described rule to divide in the upper lower limit value inner product at last and obtain contactor qualification rate pickup time.
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| CN112380693A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-02-19 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Method and system for obtaining electromagnetic attraction of electromagnetic contactor based on current curve |
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Owner name: GUIZHOU ZHENHUA QUNYING ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES CO., Effective date: 20131108 |
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| C41 | Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model | ||
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Effective date of registration: 20131108 Address after: 150001 Harbin, Nangang, West District, large straight street, No. 92 Applicant after: Harbin Institute of Technology Applicant after: Guizhou Zhenhua Qunying Electrical Appliances Co.,Ltd. Address before: 150001 Harbin, Nangang, West District, large straight street, No. 92 Applicant before: Harbin Institute of Technology |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
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