CN112380693B - Method and system for obtaining electromagnetic attraction force of electromagnetic contactor based on current curve - Google Patents
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Abstract
The disclosure provides a method and a system for obtaining electromagnetic attraction force of an electromagnetic contactor based on a current curve, comprising the following steps: obtaining structural parameters of the electromagnetic contactor and a change curve of coil current of the electromagnetic contactor along with time; obtaining coil electromagnetic attraction acting power based on electromagnetic contactor structural parameters and a change curve; acquiring the change relation between the armature displacement and time based on the electromagnetic attraction acting power of the coil and the structural parameters of the electromagnetic contactor; acquiring the change relation between the armature acceleration and time according to the change relation between the armature displacement and time; and calculating the electromagnetic attraction force generated by the coil by utilizing the relation between the acceleration of the armature and the time and the product of the total mass of the armature and the movable contact. The electromagnetic force analysis and calculation are carried out through the current curve of the electromagnetic coil, and the accuracy and reliability of the electromagnetic force analysis of the contactor are improved according to the current data in different states in the closing process of the contactor.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure belongs to the field of piezoelectric devices, and particularly relates to a method and a system for obtaining electromagnetic attraction force of an electromagnetic contactor based on a current curve.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
The low-voltage electric appliance is widely applied to low-voltage distribution lines and motor control, and is key equipment for ensuring safe and reliable operation of a power grid and electricity utilization of people in production and living. Further development of industries such as construction, machinery, manufacturing, electric power and the like in China not only increases the demand of low-voltage electric appliances, but also greatly improves the quality requirements.
An electromagnetic contactor is a low-voltage electric appliance suitable for switching on and off an alternating-current main circuit and a control circuit frequently at a long distance, and is mainly applied to control of a power distribution network, a motor and other electric loads. As a basic mating element with a wide range of applications, electromagnetic contactors are widely used in various important fields of national economy such as industry, agriculture, construction industry, and power production. With the further development of national economy, the capacity of the power grid is continuously increased, the control requirement is continuously increased, the power system is increasingly complicated, and higher requirements are put forward on the performance of the important electric switch of the electromagnetic contactor.
The electromagnetic attraction force is used as a key index of the electromagnetic contactor, and the electromagnetic attraction force value of the contactor directly influences the smooth closing of the contact, so that the operation reliability of the contactor is influenced.
The inventor finds that the current measuring method for the electromagnetic suction force of the contactor mainly comprises numerical analysis and calculation, simulation analysis and tension sensor test. The numerical analysis and calculation process needs to consume a large amount of time for calculation, and is not suitable for detecting the electromagnetic suction force of a large number of contactors; the model built by the simulation analysis has errors, the simulation result is difficult to reflect the real suction characteristic, and different models are required to be built when the simulation model aims at different contactors; the method of testing the tension sensor is inconvenient to install on the contactor and is destructive to the contactor.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the present disclosure provides a method for obtaining electromagnetic attraction force of an electromagnetic contactor based on a current curve, and the electromagnetic attraction force is calculated by analyzing by an indirect test method, so that the method is applicable to large-batch electromagnetic attraction force analysis of the contactor under the condition of ensuring the integrity of the contactor.
To achieve the above object, one or more embodiments of the present disclosure provide the following technical solutions:
in a first aspect, a method for obtaining electromagnetic attraction force of an electromagnetic contactor based on a current curve is disclosed, comprising:
obtaining electromagnetic contactor structural parameters and a change curve of electromagnetic contactor coil current along with time, and obtaining coil electromagnetic attraction acting power based on the electromagnetic contactor structural parameters and the change curve;
the dynamic characteristic curve of the moving contact is obtained by inverse analysis based on the coil electromagnetic attraction acting power and the electromagnetic contactor structural parameters, namely the change relation between the armature displacement and time is obtained;
acquiring the change relation between the armature acceleration and time according to the change relation between the armature displacement and time; and calculating the electromagnetic attraction force generated by the coil by utilizing the relation between the acceleration of the armature and the time and the product of the total mass of the armature and the movable contact.
In a second aspect, a system for obtaining electromagnetic attraction force of an electromagnetic contactor based on a current variation curve is disclosed, comprising:
a basic data obtaining module configured to: obtaining structural parameters of the electromagnetic contactor and a change curve of coil current of the electromagnetic contactor along with time;
an armature acceleration obtaining module configured to: obtaining coil electromagnetic attraction acting power based on electromagnetic contactor structural parameters and a change curve;
acquiring the change relation between the armature displacement and time based on the electromagnetic attraction acting power of the coil and the structural parameters of the electromagnetic contactor;
acquiring the change relation between the armature acceleration and time according to the change relation between the armature displacement and time;
an electromagnetic suction calculation module configured to: and calculating the electromagnetic attraction force generated by the coil by utilizing the relation between the acceleration of the armature and the time and the product of the total mass of the armature and the movable contact.
In a third aspect, a computing device is disclosed comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the steps of a method of obtaining electromagnetic attraction of an electromagnetic contactor based on a current profile when the program is executed.
In a fourth aspect, a computer readable storage medium is disclosed, having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of a method of obtaining an electromagnetic attraction force of an electromagnetic contactor based on a current profile.
In a fifth aspect, a measurement system for obtaining electromagnetic attraction force of an electromagnetic contactor based on a current variation curve is disclosed, comprising: the device comprises a direct current power supply, a current sensor, a data acquisition unit and a processor;
the direct-current power supply supplies power to the electromagnetic contactor, the current sensor tests and measures the current value in the exciting coil, and the data acquisition device acquires and transmits the data measured by the current sensor to the processor;
the processor is configured to perform the steps of a method of obtaining electromagnetic attraction force of an electromagnetic contactor based on a current profile.
The one or more of the above technical solutions have the following beneficial effects:
according to the method for reversely analyzing the electromagnetic attraction force based on the current change curve of the electromagnetic contactor coil, the current value of the contactor coil is detected in real time through the sensor module, the collected signals are converted through the signal collecting and processing module and transmitted to the computer end, the electromagnetic acting power of the coil is analyzed based on the structural data and the current data of the contactor, and then the acceleration generated by the electromagnetic attraction force is calculated, and the electromagnetic attraction force of the contactor in the closing process of the contactor is obtained through reverse analysis.
The method can be used for reversely analyzing and calculating the electromagnetic attraction force of the contactor under the condition of measuring the structural parameters of the contactor and the current change curve of the exciting coil, avoids the complex process of installing the tension sensor, avoids the damage to the contactor caused by installing the tension sensor, does not need to build a three-dimensional model for the contactor for analysis, is applicable to electromagnetic contactors of different types, and has certain universality. The electromagnetic force analysis and calculation are carried out through the current curve of the electromagnetic coil, and the accuracy and reliability of the electromagnetic force analysis of the contactor are improved according to the current data in different states in the closing process of the contactor.
Additional aspects of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure, illustrate and explain the exemplary embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure, and do not constitute an undue limitation on the disclosure.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a structure for testing electromagnetic contactor coil current in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of an electromagnetic attraction method based on inverse analysis of a coil current change curve of an electromagnetic contactor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the present disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments in accordance with the present disclosure. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
Embodiments of the present disclosure and features of embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Example 1
The embodiment discloses a method for obtaining electromagnetic attraction force of an electromagnetic contactor based on a current curve, which comprises the steps of testing a time-dependent change curve of coil current of the electromagnetic contactor through a current sensor, analyzing coil electromagnetic force acting power in a contactor contact closing process, and calculating the value of the electromagnetic attraction force by analyzing acceleration of the moving contact through the dynamic characteristic curve based on structural parameters of the electromagnetic contactor, including contact mass, armature mass, self-inductance of the electromagnetic coil, spring stiffness coefficient and sliding friction force during armature movement. The test system for testing the current change curve of the exciting coil consists of an electromagnetic contactor, a direct-current power supply, a current sensor, a data acquisition unit and a notebook computer. The current value in the exciting coil is tested and measured by a current sensor through switching on a direct current power supply, and then data are acquired by a data acquisition device and transmitted to a computer end for data processing and analysis.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
step one, find out the structural parameter of the said contactor, including: contact mass, armature mass, solenoid self-inductance, spring stiffness, sliding friction when the armature moves;
and secondly, constructing a contactor coil current testing system, wherein the exciting coil current change curve is used for analyzing the power of electromagnetic attraction acting. The test system consists of an electromagnetic contactor, a direct current power supply, a current sensor, a data acquisition unit and a notebook computer. The current value in the exciting coil is tested and measured by a current sensor through switching on a direct current power supply, and then data are acquired by a data acquisition device and transmitted to a computer end for data processing and analysis. The working condition of the exciting coil of the electromagnetic contactor is direct-current rated voltage;
step three, generating a magnetic field to generate electromagnetic attraction force on the armature after the exciting coil is electrified, wherein the total magnetic energy W is as follows according to an electromagnetic field theory:
wherein W is total magnetic energy of the coil;
l is the self-inductance coefficient of the electromagnetic coil;
i is coil current;
wherein ：
step four, when the contact gap changes ddelta, the electromagnetic attraction force F does mechanical work as Fddelta, and the value of the electromagnetic attraction force F is equal to the total magnetic energy change of the system, so that the electromagnetic attraction force F can be obtained:
the available electromagnetic attraction force F is:
wherein: psi is flux linkage;
delta is armature displacement.
Step five, setting m as the total mass of the armature and the movable contact, a as the motion acceleration of the movable contact, f (t) as the reaction force characteristic of the armature, and combining a mechanical motion equation to obtain the following formula:
formula of electromagnetic attraction force
Substituting the above formula, the computational reduction can be obtained:
wherein ：
f(t)＝f 1 +kδ
f 1 is a sliding friction force;
k is the spring stiffness coefficient.
Step six, according to the following steps:
c (t) can be obtained from the coil current curve i (t), which corresponds to a known quantity, which is physically equivalent to the power of the electromagnetic suction work.
Step seven, referring to the figure 2, the current change curve i (t) is tested by a test system, and differential calculation is carried out on the i (t) to obtain
Substituted into->
Since C (t) is calculated and the current curve i (t) is a discrete variable, C (t) is a discrete variable value. Substituting C (t) into +.>
The equation is a second order differential equation, and the initial value condition is: delta (t) 0 ) Let y=δ (t), since f (t) =f 1 +kδ (t), the second order differential equation can be applied +.>
The equivalent is:
my″y′+f 1 y′+ky′y-C(t)＝0
further obtain:
the fourth-order Dragon-Gerdostage method can be used to solve the numerical solution y of the differential equation. The method comprises the following steps: let z=y', convert the above equation into two first order differential equations:
the initial value is:
y(t 0 )＝0
z(t 0 )＝0
setting an iteration step length h according to the sampling period of the current curve i (T), wherein the value of h is not lower than the sampling period T 0 The larger the value of h is, the fewer the iteration steps are, the lower the solving precision is, and the faster the solving speed is.
The fourth-order Longchu tower method formula is as follows:
where n represents the nth iteration, y n+1 and zn+1 K is the result of the nth iteration calculation 1 、k 2 、k 3 、k 4 、l 1 、l 2 、l 3 、l 4 For iteratively calculating variables, k is the slope of y, l is the slope of z, and the calculation formula is:
k is updated once per iteration 1 、k 2 、k 3 、k 4 、l 1 、l 2 、l 3 、l 4 Until the current curve i (t) is completely iterated, z (t) can be solved, and since z=y', y (t) can be solved by using discrete integration, namely, the change relation delta (t) of armature displacement and time is obtained, and the change of armature acceleration and time is further calculatedRelationship a (t) yields:
step eight, calculating electromagnetic attraction force F (t) generated by the coil to obtain:
F(t)＝ma(t)
and finally, obtaining the electromagnetic attraction force of the electromagnetic contactor through inverse analysis and calculation.
The electromagnetic attraction force analysis method based on the electromagnetic contactor structural parameters and the current change curve can indirectly analyze and calculate the electromagnetic attraction force of the contactor, and is applicable to the electromagnetic attraction force analysis of a large number of contactors under the condition of guaranteeing the integrity of the contactor.
Example two
It is an object of the present embodiment to provide a computing device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, which when executing the program implements the steps of a method of obtaining an electromagnetic attraction force of an electromagnetic contactor based on a current profile.
Example III
An object of the present embodiment is to provide a computer-readable storage medium.
A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of a method of obtaining an electromagnetic attraction force of an electromagnetic contactor based on a current profile.
Example IV
Referring to fig. 2, an object of the present embodiment is to provide a measurement system for obtaining electromagnetic attraction force of an electromagnetic contactor based on a current change curve, including: the device comprises a direct current power supply, a current sensor, a data acquisition unit and a processor;
the direct-current power supply supplies power to the electromagnetic contactor, the current sensor tests and measures the current value in the exciting coil, and the data acquisition device acquires and transmits the data measured by the current sensor to the processor;
the processor is configured to perform the steps of a method of obtaining electromagnetic attraction force of an electromagnetic contactor based on a current profile.
Example five
It is an object of the present embodiment to provide a system for obtaining electromagnetic attraction force of an electromagnetic contactor based on a current variation curve, comprising:
a basic data obtaining module configured to: obtaining structural parameters of the electromagnetic contactor and a change curve of coil current of the electromagnetic contactor along with time;
an armature acceleration obtaining module configured to: obtaining coil electromagnetic attraction acting power based on electromagnetic contactor structural parameters and a change curve;
acquiring the change relation between the armature displacement and time based on the electromagnetic attraction acting power of the coil and the structural parameters of the electromagnetic contactor;
acquiring the change relation between the armature acceleration and time according to the change relation between the armature displacement and time;
an electromagnetic suction calculation module configured to: and calculating the electromagnetic attraction force generated by the coil by utilizing the relation between the acceleration of the armature and the time and the product of the total mass of the armature and the movable contact.
The steps involved in the apparatus of the above embodiment correspond to those of the first embodiment of the method, and the detailed description of the embodiment refers to the relevant description of the first embodiment. The term "computer-readable storage medium" should be taken to include a single medium or multiple media including one or more sets of instructions; it should also be understood to include any medium capable of storing, encoding or carrying a set of instructions for execution by a processor and that cause the processor to perform any one of the methods of the present disclosure.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the modules or steps of the disclosure described above may be implemented by general-purpose computer means, alternatively they may be implemented by program code executable by computing means, so that they may be stored in storage means and executed by computing means, or they may be fabricated separately as individual integrated circuit modules, or a plurality of modules or steps in them may be fabricated as a single integrated circuit module. The present disclosure is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure is provided only and not intended to limit the disclosure so that various modifications and changes may be made to the present disclosure by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure should be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure.
While the specific embodiments of the present disclosure have been described above with reference to the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments, and that various modifications and changes can be made by one skilled in the art without inventive effort on the basis of the technical solutions of the present disclosure while remaining within the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (8)
1. The method for obtaining the electromagnetic attraction force of the electromagnetic contactor based on the current curve is characterized by comprising the following steps:
obtaining electromagnetic contactor structural parameters and a change curve of electromagnetic contactor coil current along with time, and obtaining coil electromagnetic attraction acting power based on the electromagnetic contactor structural parameters and the change curve;
the change curve of the coil current of the electromagnetic contactor with time is used for analyzing the power of electromagnetic attraction acting:
wherein , 
power physically equivalent to electromagnetic attraction work, +.>
For the coil current to be present,Lis the equivalent self-inductance of the electromagnetic coil;
the dynamic characteristic curve of the moving contact is obtained by inverse analysis based on the coil electromagnetic attraction acting power and the electromagnetic contactor structural parameters, namely the change relation between the armature displacement and time is obtained;
acquiring the change relation between the armature acceleration and time according to the change relation between the armature displacement and time; and calculating the electromagnetic attraction force generated by the coil by utilizing the relation between the acceleration of the armature and the time and the product of the total mass of the armature and the movable contact.
2. The method for obtaining electromagnetic attraction force of an electromagnetic contactor based on a current curve according to claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic contactor structural parameters include a gap between moving and static contacts, a contact mass, a linkage mass, an armature mass, a coil resistance, a coil turn number, and a spring stiffness coefficient.
3. The method for obtaining electromagnetic attraction force of electromagnetic contactor based on current curve according to claim 1, wherein the variation relation of armature acceleration and time is obtained according to the variation relation of armature displacement and time:
wherein , 
for the movement acceleration of the movable contact, +.>
For armature displacement.
4. A system for obtaining electromagnetic attraction force of an electromagnetic contactor based on a current change curve, comprising:
a basic data obtaining module configured to: obtaining structural parameters of the electromagnetic contactor and a change curve of coil current of the electromagnetic contactor along with time;
an armature acceleration obtaining module configured to: obtaining coil electromagnetic attraction acting power based on electromagnetic contactor structural parameters and change curves:
wherein , 
power physically equivalent to electromagnetic attraction work, +.>
For the coil current to be present,Lis the equivalent self-inductance of the electromagnetic coil;
acquiring the change relation between the armature displacement and time based on the electromagnetic attraction acting power of the coil and the structural parameters of the electromagnetic contactor;
acquiring the change relation between the armature acceleration and time according to the change relation between the armature displacement and time;
an electromagnetic suction calculation module configured to: and calculating the electromagnetic attraction force generated by the coil by utilizing the relation between the acceleration of the armature and the time and the product of the total mass of the armature and the movable contact.
5. A computing device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor performs the steps of the method of obtaining electromagnetic attraction of an electromagnetic contactor based on a current profile as claimed in any one of claims 1-3 when the program is executed.
6. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the program, when being executed by a processor, performs the steps of the method of obtaining the electromagnetic attraction force of an electromagnetic contactor based on a current curve as claimed in any one of claims 1-3.
7. The measuring system for obtaining electromagnetic attraction force of an electromagnetic contactor based on a current change curve is characterized by comprising: the device comprises a direct current power supply, a current sensor, a data acquisition unit and a processor;
the direct-current power supply supplies power to the electromagnetic contactor, the current sensor tests and measures the current value in the exciting coil, and the data acquisition device acquires and transmits the data measured by the current sensor to the processor;
the processor is configured to perform the steps of the method of any of claims 1-3 for obtaining electromagnetic attraction force of an electromagnetic contactor based on a current profile.
8. The measurement system for obtaining electromagnetic attraction force of an electromagnetic contactor based on a current variation curve according to claim 7, wherein the electromagnetic contactor exciting coil operating condition is a direct current rated voltage.
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