CN112380693A - Method and system for obtaining electromagnetic attraction of electromagnetic contactor based on current curve - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present disclosure provides a method and system for obtaining electromagnetic attraction of an electromagnetic contactor based on a current curve, including: obtaining structural parameters of the electromagnetic contactor and a change curve of coil current of the electromagnetic contactor along with time; obtaining the work power of the electromagnetic attraction of the coil based on the structural parameters and the variation curve of the electromagnetic contactor; obtaining the change relation between armature displacement and time based on the work power of coil electromagnetic attraction and the structural parameters of the electromagnetic contactor; obtaining the variation relation of the armature acceleration and the time according to the variation relation of the armature displacement and the time; and calculating the electromagnetic attraction force generated by the coil by using the change relation of the armature acceleration and the time and the product of the armature and the total mass of the movable contact. The electromagnetic force analysis method has the advantages that the electromagnetic force analysis accuracy and reliability of the contactor are improved according to the current data of the electromagnetic coil in different states in the closing process of the contact through analysis and calculation of the current curve of the electromagnetic coil.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure belongs to the field of low-voltage apparatuses, and particularly relates to a method and a system for obtaining electromagnetic attraction of an electromagnetic contactor based on a current curve.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
The low-voltage electrical apparatus is widely applied to low-voltage distribution lines and motor control, and is key equipment for ensuring safe and reliable operation of a power grid and producing and living electricity for people. The further development of the industries such as building, machinery, manufacturing, electric power and the like in China not only increases the demand of low-voltage electrical appliances, but also greatly improves the quality requirement.
The electromagnetic contactor is a low-voltage electrical appliance suitable for frequently switching on and off an alternating current main circuit and a control circuit in a long distance, and is mainly applied to control of a power distribution network, a motor and other electric loads. As a basic kit with a large amount and a wide range, the electromagnetic contactor is widely applied to various important fields of national economy such as industry, agriculture, building industry, power production and the like. With the further development of national economy, the capacity of a power grid is continuously increased, the control requirement is continuously improved, a power system is increasingly complicated, and higher requirements are put forward on the performance of an electromagnetic contactor, namely an important electrical switch.
Electromagnetic attraction is as electromagnetic contactor's key index, and the electromagnetic attraction value direct influence contact is closed smoothly, influences contactor operational reliability then.
The inventor finds in research that the existing measuring method for the electromagnetic attraction of the contactor mainly comprises numerical analysis calculation, simulation analysis and tension sensor test. The numerical analysis and calculation process needs a large amount of time for calculation, and is not suitable for large-batch detection of electromagnetic attraction of the contactor; the model established by analog simulation analysis has errors, the simulated result is difficult to reflect the real suction characteristic, and different models need to be established when the simulation model aims at different contactors; the method for testing the tension sensor is inconvenient to install on the contactor and has certain destructiveness on the contactor.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the method for obtaining the electromagnetic attraction of the electromagnetic contactor based on the current curve is provided, the electromagnetic attraction is analyzed and calculated by an indirect testing method, and the method is suitable for large-batch analysis of the electromagnetic attraction of the contactor under the condition of ensuring the integrity of the contactor.
In order to achieve the above object, one or more embodiments of the present disclosure provide the following technical solutions:
in a first aspect, a method for obtaining electromagnetic attraction of an electromagnetic contactor based on a current curve is disclosed, which comprises:
obtaining structural parameters of the electromagnetic contactor and a change curve of coil current of the electromagnetic contactor along with time, and obtaining the work power of electromagnetic attraction of the coil based on the structural parameters and the change curve of the electromagnetic contactor;
obtaining a dynamic characteristic curve of the moving contact by inverse analysis based on the acting power of the coil electromagnetic attraction and the structural parameters of the electromagnetic contactor, namely obtaining the change relation between the armature displacement and the time;
obtaining the variation relation of the armature acceleration and the time according to the variation relation of the armature displacement and the time; and calculating the electromagnetic attraction force generated by the coil by using the change relation of the armature acceleration and the time and the product of the armature and the total mass of the movable contact.
In a second aspect, a system for obtaining electromagnetic attraction of an electromagnetic contactor based on a current variation curve is disclosed, which includes:
a base data obtaining module configured to: obtaining structural parameters of the electromagnetic contactor and a change curve of coil current of the electromagnetic contactor along with time;
an armature acceleration acquisition module configured to: obtaining the work power of the electromagnetic attraction of the coil based on the structural parameters and the variation curve of the electromagnetic contactor;
obtaining the change relation between armature displacement and time based on the work power of coil electromagnetic attraction and the structural parameters of the electromagnetic contactor;
obtaining the variation relation of the armature acceleration and the time according to the variation relation of the armature displacement and the time;
an electromagnetic attraction calculation module configured to: and calculating the electromagnetic attraction force generated by the coil by using the change relation of the armature acceleration and the time and the product of the armature and the total mass of the movable contact.
In a third aspect, a computing device is disclosed, comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the steps of obtaining the electromagnetic attraction force of the electromagnetic contactor based on the current curve when executing the program.
In a fourth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is disclosed, on which a computer program is stored, which program, when being executed by a processor, is adapted to carry out the steps of a method for obtaining an electromagnetic attraction force of an electromagnetic contactor based on a current curve.
In a fifth aspect, a measuring system for obtaining electromagnetic attraction of an electromagnetic contactor based on a current variation curve is disclosed, which includes: the device comprises a direct current power supply, a current sensor, a data acquisition unit and a processor;
the direct current power supply supplies power to the electromagnetic contactor, the current sensor tests and measures the current value in the excitation coil, and the data collector collects and transmits the data measured by the current sensor to the processor;
the processor is configured to perform the steps of obtaining a method of electromagnetic attraction of the electromagnetic contactor based on the current profile.
The above one or more technical solutions have the following beneficial effects:
the method for reversely analyzing the electromagnetic attraction force based on the current change curve of the electromagnetic contactor coil detects the current value of the contactor coil in real time through the sensor module, converts and processes the acquired signal through the signal acquisition and processing module and transmits the acquired signal to the computer end, analyzes the electromagnetic acting power of the coil based on the structural data and the current data of the contactor, calculates the acceleration generated by the electromagnetic attraction force, and reversely analyzes the electromagnetic attraction force of the contactor in the contact closing process.
The method can calculate the electromagnetic attraction of the contactor through inverse analysis under the condition of measuring the structural parameters of the contactor and the current change curve of the excitation coil, avoids the complex process of installing the tension sensor, avoids the damage to the contactor caused by installing the tension sensor, does not need to establish a three-dimensional model for the contactor to analyze, is suitable for different types of electromagnetic contactors, and has certain universality. The electromagnetic force analysis method has the advantages that the electromagnetic force analysis accuracy and reliability of the contactor are improved according to the current data of the electromagnetic coil in different states in the closing process of the contact through analysis and calculation of the current curve of the electromagnetic coil.
Advantages of additional aspects of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure and are not to limit the disclosure.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a structure for testing current of a coil of an electromagnetic contactor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a method for inversely analyzing electromagnetic attraction force based on a current variation curve of a coil of an electromagnetic contactor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present disclosure may be combined with each other without conflict.
Example one
The embodiment discloses a method for obtaining electromagnetic attraction of an electromagnetic contactor based on a current curve, which comprises the steps of testing a change curve of coil current of the electromagnetic contactor along with time through a current sensor, analyzing coil electromagnetic force acting power of a contactor contact in a closing process, obtaining a dynamic characteristic curve of a moving contact through inverse analysis based on structural parameters of the electromagnetic contactor, including contact mass, armature mass, electromagnetic coil self-inductance coefficient, spring stiffness coefficient and sliding friction force during armature movement, and analyzing acceleration of the moving contact through the dynamic characteristic curve to further calculate a numerical value of the electromagnetic attraction. The test system for testing the current change curve of the excitation coil consists of an electromagnetic contactor, a direct-current power supply, a current sensor, a data acquisition unit and a notebook computer. By switching on the direct current power supply, the current value in the excitation coil is measured by the current sensor, and then the data is collected by the data collector and transmitted to the computer terminal for data processing and analysis.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
step one, finding out the structural parameters of the contactor, comprising the following steps: contact mass, armature mass, self-inductance coefficient of electromagnetic coil, stiffness coefficient of spring, sliding friction force when armature moves;
and step two, a contactor coil current test system is set up, and the excitation coil current change curve is used for analyzing the power of the electromagnetic attraction acting. The test system consists of an electromagnetic contactor, a direct current power supply, a current sensor, a data collector and a notebook computer. By switching on the direct current power supply, the current value in the excitation coil is measured by the current sensor, and then the data is collected by the data collector and transmitted to the computer terminal for data processing and analysis. The working condition of the excitation coil of the electromagnetic contactor is DC rated voltage;
step three, generating a magnetic field to generate electromagnetic attraction on the armature after the excitation coil is electrified, wherein the total magnetic energy W is as follows according to the electromagnetic field theory:
in the formula, W is total magnetic energy of the coil;
l is the self-inductance coefficient of the electromagnetic coil;
i is the coil current;
wherein :
step four, when the contact clearance is changed by d delta, the mechanical work of the electromagnetic attraction force F is Fd delta, and the value of the mechanical work is equal to the total magnetic energy change of the system, so that the following steps can be obtained:
the available electromagnetic attraction force F is:
in the formula: Ψ is a flux linkage;
δ is the armature displacement.
Step five, setting m as the total mass of the armature and the movable contact, a as the motion acceleration of the movable contact, f (t) as the reaction force characteristic borne by the armature, and combining a mechanical motion equation to obtain:
formula of electromagnetic attractionSubstituting into the above equation, the calculation is simplified to obtain:
wherein :
f(t)=f1+kδ
f1is a sliding friction force;
k is the spring stiffness coefficient.
Step six, according to the following steps:
c (t) can be determined from the coil current curve i (t) and corresponds to a known quantity which is physically equivalent to the power at which the electromagnetic attraction does work.
Seventhly, referring to the attached figure 2, the current change curve i (t) is tested through the test system, and the i (t) is subjected to differential calculation to obtainSubstitution intoIn the method, C (t) is calculated, and the current curve i (t) is a discrete variable, so C (t) is a discrete variable value. Substituting C (t) intoIn (1), the equation is a second order differential equation,and the initial value condition is as follows: delta (t)0) Let y be δ (t) since f (t) is f (0)1+ k δ (t), a second order differential equationThe equivalence is as follows:
my″y′+f1y′+ky′y-C(t)=0
further obtaining:
the numerical solution y of the differential equation can be solved using a fourth order Rungestota method. The method specifically comprises the following steps: let z be y', convert the above equation into two first order differential equations:
the initial values are:
y(t0)=0
z(t0)=0
setting an iteration step length h according to a sampling period of a current curve i (T), wherein the value of h is not lower than the sampling period T0The larger the value of h is, the fewer the iteration steps are, the lower the solving precision is, and the faster the solving speed is.
The fourth order longge stotta formula is as follows:
where n denotes the nth iteration, yn+1 and zn+1For the result of the nth iteration, k1、k2、k3、k4、l1、l2、l3、l4Is an overlapAnd a generation calculation variable, wherein k is the slope of y, l is the slope of z, and the calculation formula is as follows:
k is updated once per iteration1、k2、k3、k4、l1、l2、l3、l4Until the current curve i (t) sampling data is completely iterated, z (t) can be solved, and since z ═ y', y (t) can be solved by using discrete integration, namely the change relation δ (t) of the armature displacement and the time, and the change relation a (t) of the armature acceleration and the time is further calculated to obtain:
step eight, calculating the electromagnetic attraction force F (t) generated by the coil to obtain:
F(t)=ma(t)
and finally, calculating the electromagnetic attraction of the electromagnetic contactor through inverse analysis.
The method for inversely analyzing the electromagnetic attraction force based on the structural parameters of the electromagnetic contactor and the current change curve can indirectly analyze and calculate the electromagnetic attraction force of the contactor, and can be suitable for large-batch analysis of the electromagnetic attraction force of the contactor under the condition of ensuring the integrity of the contactor.
Example two
The present embodiment is directed to a computing device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the steps of obtaining the electromagnetic attraction force of the electromagnetic contactor based on the current curve when executing the computer program.
EXAMPLE III
An object of the present embodiment is to provide a computer-readable storage medium.
A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, performs the steps of a method of obtaining an electromagnetic attraction force of an electromagnetic contactor based on a current curve.
Example four
Referring to fig. 2, the present embodiment aims to provide a measuring system for obtaining electromagnetic attraction of an electromagnetic contactor based on a current variation curve, which includes: the device comprises a direct current power supply, a current sensor, a data acquisition unit and a processor;
the direct current power supply supplies power to the electromagnetic contactor, the current sensor tests and measures the current value in the excitation coil, and the data collector collects and transmits the data measured by the current sensor to the processor;
the processor is configured to perform the steps of obtaining a method of electromagnetic attraction of the electromagnetic contactor based on the current profile.
EXAMPLE five
The present embodiment aims at providing a system for obtaining electromagnetic attraction of an electromagnetic contactor based on a current variation curve, including:
a base data obtaining module configured to: obtaining structural parameters of the electromagnetic contactor and a change curve of coil current of the electromagnetic contactor along with time;
an armature acceleration acquisition module configured to: obtaining the work power of the electromagnetic attraction of the coil based on the structural parameters and the variation curve of the electromagnetic contactor;
obtaining the change relation between armature displacement and time based on the work power of coil electromagnetic attraction and the structural parameters of the electromagnetic contactor;
obtaining the variation relation of the armature acceleration and the time according to the variation relation of the armature displacement and the time;
an electromagnetic attraction calculation module configured to: and calculating the electromagnetic attraction force generated by the coil by using the change relation of the armature acceleration and the time and the product of the armature and the total mass of the movable contact.
The steps involved in the apparatus of the above embodiment correspond to the first embodiment of the method, and the detailed description thereof can be found in the relevant description of the first embodiment. The term "computer-readable storage medium" should be taken to include a single medium or multiple media containing one or more sets of instructions; it should also be understood to include any medium that is capable of storing, encoding or carrying a set of instructions for execution by a processor and that cause the processor to perform any of the methods of the present disclosure.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the modules or steps of the present disclosure described above can be implemented using general purpose computer means, or alternatively, they can be implemented using program code executable by computing means, whereby the modules or steps may be stored in memory means for execution by the computing means, or separately fabricated into individual integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps thereof may be fabricated into a single integrated circuit module. The present disclosure is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the present disclosure, and various modifications and changes may be made to the present disclosure by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure should be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure.
Although the present disclosure has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. A method for obtaining electromagnetic attraction of an electromagnetic contactor based on a current curve is characterized by comprising the following steps:
obtaining structural parameters of the electromagnetic contactor and a change curve of coil current of the electromagnetic contactor along with time, and obtaining the work power of electromagnetic attraction of the coil based on the structural parameters and the change curve of the electromagnetic contactor;
obtaining a dynamic characteristic curve of the moving contact by inverse analysis based on the acting power of the coil electromagnetic attraction and the structural parameters of the electromagnetic contactor, namely obtaining the change relation between the armature displacement and the time;
obtaining the variation relation of the armature acceleration and the time according to the variation relation of the armature displacement and the time; and calculating the electromagnetic attraction force generated by the coil by using the change relation of the armature acceleration and the time and the product of the armature and the total mass of the movable contact.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic contactor structural parameters include gap between moving and stationary contacts, contact mass, linkage mass, armature mass, coil resistance, number of coil turns, and spring stiffness.
3. The method for obtaining electromagnetic attraction force of an electromagnetic contactor based on a current curve as claimed in claim 1, wherein the current variation curve of the excitation coil is used for analyzing the power of work done by the electromagnetic attraction force.
4. The method for obtaining the electromagnetic attraction force of the electromagnetic contactor based on the current curve as claimed in claim 1, wherein the variation relation of the armature acceleration and the time is obtained according to the variation relation of the armature displacement and the time:
where a is the motion acceleration of the moving contact and δ is the armature displacement.
5. The method for obtaining the electromagnetic attraction force of the electromagnetic contactor based on the current curve as claimed in claim 3, wherein the work power of the electromagnetic attraction force of the coil is obtained based on the structural parameters and the variation curve of the electromagnetic contactor:
wherein, C (t) is equivalent to the power of doing work by electromagnetic attraction in the physical sense, i is coil current, and L is equivalent self-inductance of the electromagnetic coil.
6. A system for obtaining electromagnetic attraction of an electromagnetic contactor based on a current variation curve comprises:
a base data obtaining module configured to: obtaining structural parameters of the electromagnetic contactor and a change curve of coil current of the electromagnetic contactor along with time;
an armature acceleration acquisition module configured to: obtaining the work power of the electromagnetic attraction of the coil based on the structural parameters and the variation curve of the electromagnetic contactor;
obtaining the change relation between armature displacement and time based on the work power of coil electromagnetic attraction and the structural parameters of the electromagnetic contactor;
obtaining the variation relation of the armature acceleration and the time according to the variation relation of the armature displacement and the time;
an electromagnetic attraction calculation module configured to: and calculating the electromagnetic attraction force generated by the coil by using the change relation of the armature acceleration and the time and the product of the armature and the total mass of the movable contact.
7. A computing device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the steps of the method for obtaining the electromagnetic attraction of the electromagnetic contactor based on the current curve according to any one of claims 1 to 5 when executing the program.
8. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which program, when being executed by a processor, is adapted to carry out the steps of the method for obtaining an electromagnetic attraction force of an electromagnetic contactor based on a current profile as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5.
9. Measurement system based on electric current variation curve obtains electromagnetic contactor electromagnetism power, characterized by includes: the device comprises a direct current power supply, a current sensor, a data acquisition unit and a processor;
the direct current power supply supplies power to the electromagnetic contactor, the current sensor tests and measures the current value in the excitation coil, and the data collector collects and transmits the data measured by the current sensor to the processor;
the processor is configured to perform the steps of the method of obtaining electromagnetic contactor electromagnetic attraction force based on a current profile as claimed in any one of claims 1-5.
10. The system for measuring electromagnetic attraction of an electromagnetic contactor according to claim 9, wherein the operating condition of the electromagnetic contactor excitation coil is a dc rated voltage.
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