CN110045277A - Intelligent electric energy meter built-in load switch Dynamic Characteristics Analysis Method, system and medium - Google Patents
Intelligent electric energy meter built-in load switch Dynamic Characteristics Analysis Method, system and medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN110045277A CN110045277A CN201910423279.7A CN201910423279A CN110045277A CN 110045277 A CN110045277 A CN 110045277A CN 201910423279 A CN201910423279 A CN 201910423279A CN 110045277 A CN110045277 A CN 110045277A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/327—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers
- G01R31/3277—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers of low voltage devices, e.g. domestic or industrial devices, such as motor protections, relays, rotation switches
- G01R31/3278—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers of low voltage devices, e.g. domestic or industrial devices, such as motor protections, relays, rotation switches of relays, solenoids or reed switches
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Intelligent electric energy meter built-in load switch Dynamic Characteristics Analysis Methods, comprising: S01, the armature difference angular displacement alpha for obtaining Intelligent electric energy meter built-in load switch and the coil flux amount φ under the conditions of different coil current value i2With electromagnetic attraction square Mx, obtain electromagnetic system static data；Reed deformational displacement Δ x, counter-force F under the conditions of S02, acquisition armature difference angular displacement alphafWith countertorque Mf, obtain contact spring system counter-force static data；S03, it is based on electromagnetic system static data and contact spring system counter-force static data, is analyzed using four step Runge-Kutta, obtains the dynamic Characteristic Data under the conditions of dynamic characteristic parameter；S04, dynamic Characteristic Data obtained in step S03 is analyzed to assess the reliability of on-load switch.The present invention further correspondingly discloses a kind of system corresponded to the above method and medium.Method, system and medium of the invention all has the advantages that analysis is precisely reliable.
Description
Technical field
The invention mainly relates to electric energy meter technical fields, refer in particular to a kind of Intelligent electric energy meter built-in load switch dynamic characteristic point
Analysis method, system and medium.
Background technique
Electric energy meter is directly related to customer service quality and safe operation of electric network with the quality of built-in on-load switch.Entirely
Since state carries out low-voltage collecting meter reading construction on a large scale, Guo Wang company telephone traffic is huge, and the metering fault accepted reports for repairment in business, electric energy
Table is in higher proportion with built-in on-load switch failure, accounts for entire metering fault reports for repairment 60%, the quality of built-in on-load switch
Problem has brought tremendous economic losses and undesirable social influence to grid company.Therefore, built-in on-load switch is promoted
Reliability inherently promotes the quality of built-in on-load switch, failure caused by reducing because of the failure of built-in on-load switch, for
It is horizontal to promote good service, it is ensured that business manpower, material resources, financial resources are saved in the stabilization of power grids, have great social effect and economy
Meaning.
By analysis, electric energy meter is lower but higher to reliability requirement with built-in on-load switch operating frequency, generally with
Family arrearage or short circuit etc. can just operate separating brake in special circumstances, and operation is closed a floodgate after the completion of subscriber payment or when restoring normal.Together
When, abundant and when state is normal in demand charge, built-in on-load switch should not act, and guarantee user's normal electricity consumption；When route is sent out
It when raw overload or short trouble, should act in time, fault current be disconnected, with protection circuit and electrical equipment.It is born built in electric energy meter
The dynamic characteristic (such as angular speed, angular acceleration etc.) that shows in action process of lotus switch is to measure its performance and reliable
The important indicator of property.Under various stationary states, the quality that suction, spring load characteristic cooperate directly affects the superiority and inferiority of dynamic characteristic, and
The final length for influencing the built-in on-load switch service life.And breaking arc erosion in contact is to lead to contact failure, built-in on-load switch
The main reason for service life is shorter, influencing contactor corrode and failure another more major reason be contact closure spring.For
Application scenarios are exchange electric load, only draw the on-load switch built in the electric energy meter of electric arc that goes out by contact separation, increase contact separation speed
Degree is the important means for mitigating disjunction arcing and corroding, inhibit or prevent closure from bouncing.At present for this characteristic of on-load switch
There is not corresponding concern, without corresponding measuring device, and the above results also can not accurately be obtained by measuring device yet,
To cannot achieve the monitoring and improvement to its reliability.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is that, for technical problem of the existing technology, the present invention provides one
Kind analytic process is simple, analyzes result accurately Intelligent electric energy meter built-in load switch Dynamic Characteristics Analysis Method, system and Jie
Matter.
In order to solve the above technical problems, technical solution proposed by the present invention are as follows:
A kind of Intelligent electric energy meter built-in load switch Dynamic Characteristics Analysis Method, comprising the following steps:
S01, the armature difference angular displacement alpha for obtaining Intelligent electric energy meter built-in load switch and different coil current value i conditions
Under coil flux amount φ2With electromagnetic attraction square Mx, obtain electromagnetic system static data；
Reed deformational displacement Δ x, counter-force F under the conditions of S02, acquisition armature difference angular displacement alphafWith countertorque Mf, touched
Spring system counter-force static data；
S03, it is based on electromagnetic system static data and contact spring system counter-force static data, using four step Runge-Kutta
It is analyzed, obtains the dynamic Characteristic Data under the conditions of dynamic characteristic parameter；
S04, dynamic Characteristic Data obtained in step S03 is analyzed to assess the reliability of on-load switch.
Preferably, the detailed process of the step S01 are as follows:
S11, by on-load switch magnetic system structure, according to magnetic equivalent circuit method, establish leakage field resistance between meter and iron core and armature
On-load switch equivalent magnetic circuit modeling；
The on-load switch equivalent magnetic circuit modeling of leakage field resistance, calculated load switch etc. between S12, foundation meter and iron core and armature
Imitate the flux value φ of each working gas gap in magnetic circuit modelpi；
S13, pass through the corresponding sectional area S of working gas gappi, calculate the corresponding electromagnetic attraction F of each working gas gapi, thus
To electromagnetic attraction square Mx。
Preferably, in step s 13, electromagnetic attraction FiIt is calculated by Maxwell's electromagnetic force calculation formula:
φ in formulapiIndicate the magnetic flux by working gas gap, SpiIndicate the corresponding sectional area of working gas gap, μ0Indicate Vacuum Magnetic
Conductance, μ 0=4 π × 10-7Wb/ (Am)；
Electromagnetic attraction square Mx are as follows:
Mx=F2r12+F3r21-F1r11-F4r22；
Wherein grow the long r of left armature11；The long right long r of armature21；The short long r of left armature12；The short long r of right armature22。
Preferably, the detailed process of countertorque is obtained in the step S02 are as follows:
S21, layer reed each in Intelligent electric energy meter built-in load switch is divided into n sections, establishes each section of corresponding mathematics of each layer
Function model；
Section turn moment in S22, each each section of reed of layer of acquisition, and corresponding mathematical model is combined, obtain each section of reed of each layer
Sub- flexibility；
S23, by the sub- flexibility of each section of reed of each layer, obtain flexibility of each layer reed at receptor site power；
S24, flexibility and rigidity by each layer reed at receptor site power obtain entirety in conjunction with armature difference angular displacement alpha
Reed acts on the countertorque on armature.
Preferably, in the step S21, layer reed each in Intelligent electric energy meter built-in load switch is divided into three sections, respectively
For sequentially connected straightway S1, curved section S2 and straightway S3.
Preferably, in the step S22, the sub- flexibility of each section of reed of each layer are as follows:
Wherein MwfIndicate that reed moment of flexure, E indicate that the elasticity modulus of materials of reed, I indicate that reed cross sectional moment of inertia, s indicate
Reed arc length, PfFor the active force of stress point.
Preferably, in the step S24, by flexibility of each layer reed at receptor site power, each layer reed is obtained in receptor site
Counter-force at power, to obtain the countertorque that whole reed acts on the armature of Intelligent electric energy meter built-in load switch.
Preferably, counter-force of the three layers of reed in stress point:
Wherein, Δ x is deformational displacement of the reed at f, wherein the flexibility of three layers of reed is respectively Cff1、Cff2、Cff3, just
Degree is respectively G1、G2、G3；
Δ x=α r11-xc0
X in formulac0For reed deformational displacement initial value, α is armature angular displacement, α r11For armature displacement of the lines；
The counter-force of three layers of reed acts on the countertorque on armature:
First module, for obtaining the armature difference angular displacement alpha and different coils electricity of Intelligent electric energy meter built-in load switch
Coil flux amount φ under the conditions of flow valuve i2With electromagnetic attraction square Mx, form electromagnetic system static data；
Second module, for obtaining reed deformational displacement Δ x, counter-force F under the conditions of armature difference angular displacement alphafAnd counter-force
Square Mf, obtain contact spring system counter-force static data；
Third module, for being based on electromagnetic system static data and contact spring system counter-force static data, using quadravalence
Runge-Kutta is analyzed, and the dynamic Characteristic Data under the conditions of dynamic characteristic parameter is obtained；
4th module, that assesses on-load switch for being analyzed dynamic Characteristic Data obtained in step S03 can
By property.
The present invention further discloses a kind of computer readable storage medium, stored on the computer readable storage medium
There is computer program, the computer program realizes Intelligent electric energy meter built-in load switch as described above when being executed by processor
The step of Dynamic Characteristics Analysis Method.
Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:
Intelligent electric energy meter built-in load switch Dynamic Characteristics Analysis Method, system and medium of the invention, passes through electromagnetic system
System static data and contact spring system counter-force static data, are analyzed using four step Runge-Kutta, obtain dynamic characteristic ginseng
Dynamic Characteristic Data under said conditions, then compared with the standard value of setting, thus judge the reliability of on-load switch work,
It is also convenient for subsequent optimizing to form closed loop each parameter of on-load switch；In addition, the above-mentioned process for obtaining dynamic Characteristic Data
Simple and result is accurate.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is flow chart of the method for the present invention.
Fig. 2 is mass property analysis flow chart diagram of the invention.
Fig. 3 is on-load switch magnetic system structure schematic diagram of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the equivalent magnetic circuit figure of meter and leakage field of the invention.
Fig. 5 is working gas gap schematic diagram of the invention.
Fig. 6 is the segmentation computation model figure of reed of the invention from flexibility and mutual flexibility.
Fig. 7 is the sub- flexibility section schematic diagram of single layer reed in the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the dynamic analysis flow chart based on static data in the present invention.
Fig. 9 is built-in on-load switch coil equivalent circuit diagram in the present invention.
Figure 10 is dynamic characteristic calculation flow chart in the present invention.
Figure 11 is armature angular speed schematic diagram in the present invention.
Figure 12 is armature angular acceleration schematic diagram in the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with Figure of description and specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
As shown in Figure 1, the Intelligent electric energy meter built-in load switch Dynamic Characteristics Analysis Method of the present embodiment, including following step
It is rapid:
S01, the armature difference angular displacement alpha for obtaining Intelligent electric energy meter built-in load switch and different coil current value i conditions
Under coil flux amount φ2With electromagnetic attraction square Mx, obtain electromagnetic system static data；
Reed deformational displacement Δ x, counter-force F under the conditions of S02, acquisition armature difference angular displacement alphafWith countertorque Mf, touched
Spring system counter-force static data；
S03, it is based on electromagnetic system static data and contact spring system counter-force static data, using four step Runge-Kutta
It is analyzed, obtains the dynamic Characteristic Data (such as armature angular speed, armature angular acceleration) under the conditions of dynamic characteristic parameter；
S04, dynamic Characteristic Data obtained in step S03 is analyzed to assess the reliability of on-load switch.
Intelligent electric energy meter built-in load switch Dynamic Characteristics Analysis Method of the invention, by electromagnetic system static data and
Contact spring system counter-force static data, is analyzed using four step Runge-Kutta, is obtained dynamic under the conditions of dynamic characteristic parameter
Step response data, then compared with the standard value of setting, to judge the reliability of on-load switch work, it is subsequent right to be also convenient for
Each parameter of on-load switch is optimized to form closed loop；In addition, the above-mentioned process for obtaining dynamic Characteristic Data is simple and result is smart
It is quasi-.
The design parameter of on-load switch built in electric energy meter includes electromagnetic system parameter and contact spring system parameter, these parameters
Value has an important influence the registration property of pull characteristics, spring load characteristic and suction, counter-force, and these are influenced eventually by dynamic
Step response embodies, and then influences the performance indicator of on-load switch.Therefore, the final value needs of design parameter are referred to performance
Mark most preferably target carries out parameter optimization work.Complete parameter optimization task, it is necessary first to when studying single factor test variation, respectively set
The relationship between parameter and static characteristic, dynamic characteristic is counted, thus by filtering out in numerous design parameters to static and dynamic performance shadow
More significant key parameter is rung, is laid the foundation for the parameter designing and parameter optimization work of next step.Mass property analysis stream
Journey is as shown in Figure 2.
It elaborates below with reference to a specific embodiment to the above method:
1, static suction model foundation:
Magnetic Circuit Method and magnetic field method are to solve for electromagnetic system common analysis.Magnetic Circuit Method operating method is simple, calculates data
Measure small, but precision is not high enough, can only more superficial reflection electromagnet mechanical property.Magnetic field method precision is relatively high, but calculation amount
Greatly, the more common exemplary process of magnetic field method is FInite Element.
For on-load switch mass property problem analysis built in electric energy meter, counted if carrying out simulation calculation using magnetic field method
Enormous amount is calculated, this is impossible in common lab.Therefore it must be based on magnetic equivalent circuit method, establish the interior of meter and leakage field
On-load switch equivalent magnetic circuit is set, calculating speed and computational accuracy are taken into account, to realize on-load switch static characteristic built in electric energy meter
Quick calculating.
It is established between meter and iron core and armature by on-load switch magnetic system structure (as shown in Figure 3) according to magnetic equivalent circuit method
The on-load switch equivalent magnetic circuit modeling (as shown in Figure 4) of leakage field resistance.
In Fig. 4, FmFor the equivalent magnetic potential of permanent magnet, RmFor permanent magnet equivalent magnetic resistance；IW is coil windings magnetic potential；R1,R2,R3,
R4The working gas gap magnetic resistance respectively constituted between armature and yoke；Ra1,Ra2,Rb1,Rb2,Rc1,Rc2,RdIt is respectively equivalent pure
Iron material magnetic resistance；RsLeakage field resistance between iron core and armature, magnetic leakage factor k1=k2=0.5 (system structure is symmetrical)；φ1,
φ2,φ3,φ4,φ5Calculation for each return flux, each parameter is as follows:
(1) the equivalent magnetic potential of permanent magnet and equivalent magnetic resistance
Permanent magnet in magnetic circuit model is equivalent to magnetic potential FmWith magnetic resistance RmCombination (see Fig. 4).The permanent magnetism material of the permanent magnet
Material is neodymium iron boron, and the recoil line of neodymium iron boron is overlapped with demagnetization curve and essentially straight line, therefore built-in on-load switch permanent magnet
Its equivalent magnetic potential and equivalent magnetic resistance in equivalent magnetic circuit are as follows:
H in formulac、μmRespectively indicate the coercivity and magnetic conductivity of permanent magnet, lm、SmIt respectively indicates the length of permanent magnet and cuts
Area.
(2) coil magnetic potential
Coil magnetic potential IW is magnetic pressure caused by coil itself, the calculation formula of coil magnetic potential are as follows:
IW=U0·W/R(2)
U in formula0Indicate that the operation voltage of coil, W indicate intrinsic the number of turns of coil, R indicates the intrinsic resistance of coil.
(3) air-gap reluctance
Built-in on-load switch armature or so forms four symmetrical working gas gaps between end and yoke, which is
The symmetrical halfpace type structure of bridge-type.Working gas gap schematic diagram as shown in figure 5, halfpace type air-gap reluctance calculation formula are as follows:
R indicates that magnetic resistance, G indicate magnetic conductance, μ in formula0Indicate space permeability, r indicates gas length.In 1 magnetic of working gas gap
Hinder R1Calculating in, r value be r11-r13；In 2 magnetic resistance R of working gas gap2Calculating in, r value be r12-r13；In work gas
3 magnetic resistance R of gap3Calculating in, r value be r21-r23；In 4 magnetic resistance R of working gas gap4Calculating in, r value be r22-r23.R1 is
Armature is wide, and r2 is the wide ke of yoke, R1、R3R1 refers to the wide kl of long armature in calculating；R2、R4R1 refers to that short armature is wide in calculating
Ks (the wide ke of yoke, the wide ks of short armature).Angle of the θ between armature and yoke pole-face, under built-in on-load switch disconnection situation,
θ=0.09；Under built-in on-load switch closed condition, θ=0.11；When angular displacement alpha≤0.09, θ=0.09- α；As 0.09 <
When α≤0.11, θ=α -0.09 (angular unit: rad).
According to formula (3), each air-gap reluctance can be calculated after measuring key parameter.
(4) leakage field hinders
The calculation formula that leakage field hinders between armature and iron core is as follows:
Rs=Lpa/(μ0Spa)(4)
L in formulapaIndicate iron core outer diameter to armature distance, SpaIndicate the floor space of short armature.
(5) magnetizer magnetic resistance
Ra1,Ra2,Rb1,Rb2,Rc1,Rc2,RdRespectively each component equivalent magnetic resistance of electromagnetic system, wherein Ra1With Ra2It respectively indicates
Upper left and upper right armature magnetic resistance, Rb1With Rb2Respectively indicate lower left and lower right armature magnetic resistance, Rc1With Rc2Respectively indicate left and right yoke
Magnetic resistance, RdIndicate iron core magnetic resistance.Following formula can be used to calculate the magnetic resistance of each component magnetizer of electromagnetic system.
R=L/ (μ S) (5)
In formula, S, L respectively indicate the cross-sectional area and length of magnetizer, and μ indicates the magnetic conductivity of magnetizer.
Because built-in on-load switch magnetizer is soft magnetic materials, since its magnetic conductivity is closely related with magnetic flux and it is non-thread to be in
Property variation, therefore the magnetic conductivity of each magnetizer is calculated using the magnetization curve based on electrical pure iron.It is marked in table first close
The magnetization curve (H, B) for spending sufficiently large electrical pure iron, then can acquire any point on curve using Lagrange's interpolation
B value corresponding to magnetic permeability μ value.(H is fallen in for example, solvingi-1,Bi-1) and (Hi,Bi) between μ value corresponding to B specific side
Method are as follows:
(6) working gas gap magnetic flux
According to the meter of Fig. 3 and the equivalent magnetic circuit modeling and the loop method of analysis of leakage field, following equation group can be obtained:
Its matrix form indicates are as follows:
RФn=Fb
R indicates circuit magnetic resistance matrix in formula；ФnIndicate return flux matrix；FbIndicate circuit magnetic potential vector matrix.
Since equation group (7) are multi head linear equation group, in known circuit magnetic resistance matrix R and circuit magnetic potential vector matrix Fb
In the case where, it can then solve to obtain Ф using Gauss Maximal column pivot algorithmn.Permanent magnetism equivalent magnetic resistance, leakage field resistance, work gas in R
Gap magnetic resistance can be acquired using known parameters, and each magnetizer magnetic resistance relevant to amount magnetic flux to be asked need to be using iterative solution.First will
The magnetic resistance of all magnetizers is set as zero, substitutes into equation group (7) to acquire each branch magnetic flux φ (i), by φ (i) divided by correspondence
The sectional area of magnetizer acquires corresponding magnetic induction density Bi, pass through BiInquiry magnetization curve can obtain Hi.Then again by Hili=φ
(i)RiFind out magnetizer magnetic resistance Ri, it is substituted into loop equation group again, gaussian iteration is carried out, finds out new φ (i+1), untilUntil (ε indicate computational accuracy, usual value 0.001).
According to each return flux value acquired, the flux value of each working gas gap is calculated.
(7) electromagnetic attraction
Electromagnetic attraction Fi(i=1,2,3,4) is calculated by Maxwell's electromagnetic force calculation formula.
φ in formulapiIndicate the magnetic flux by working gas gap, SpiIndicate the corresponding sectional area of working gas gap, μ0Indicate Vacuum Magnetic
Conductance, μ 0=4 π × 10-7Wb/ (Am).
Synthesize suction square Mx are as follows:
Mx=F2r12+F3r21-F1r11-F4r22 (10)
Resultant force F at working gas gap 1 can pass through M=Fr11Rule are carried out to obtain:
According to above-mentioned formula, the reduction resultant force of different operating air gap can be acquired.
The on-load switch static state suction rapid calculation model referring to built in the electric energy meter of above-mentioned foundation, with the following method:
1) the equivalent magnetic potential of permanent magnet and equivalent magnetic resistance calculate: calculating permanent magnet sectional area sc=hc × kc；According to formula (1)
Calculate the equivalent magnetic potential Fm and equivalent magnetic resistance Rm of permanent magnet；
2) calculates coil magnetic potential IW using formula (2)；
3) utilize halfpace type air gap calculation formula (3), calculate separately the lower 4 air-gap reluctance R1, R2 of static conditions, R3,
R4；
4) is based on and the magnetic circuit model of leakage field is calculated between electromagnetic coil and lower armature using formula (4)
Leakage field hinders Rs；
5) considers that armature, yoke, iron core are equal to pure iron material in calculating magnetic resistance Shi Junke, utilizes electrical pure iron
Magnetization curve and Lagrange's interpolation find out the magnetic permeability μ under corresponding magnetic field strength B value, foundation according to formula (6) respectively
Formula (5) acquires long armature left and right magnetic resistance Ra1, Ra2, short armature left and right magnetic resistance Rb1, Rb2, left and right yoke magnetic resistance respectively
Rc1, Rc2, iron core magnetic resistance Rd.
6) establishes magnetic circuit loop equation group, obtains circuit magnetic resistance matrix R, return flux matrix according to equivalent magnetic circuit modeling
Relational matrix Rmn Φ n=Fb between Φ n, circuit magnetic potential vector matrix Fb, under conditions of known R, Fb, using Gauss
Maximal column pivot algorithm solves Φ n.
7) solves circuit magnetic resistance matrix R.Due to element Rm, R1, R2, R3, R4, Rs in R it is known that only demand solution is respectively led
Magnet magnetic resistance, each magnetizer magnetic resistance and return flux Φ n (n=1,2,3,4,5) to be asked are related, need to be carried out by the way of iteration
It calculates and solves.
1. enabling each magnetizer magnetic resistance first is zero, it is updated in equation group (7), finds out each circuit and correspond to magnetic flux Φ n (0) (n
=1,2,3,4 5)；
2. calculating the sectional area of each magnetizer.Long armature sectional area is calculated using sc=hl × kl；Utilize ss=hs × ks
Calculate short armature sectional area；Yoke sectional area is calculated using se=heh × ke；
3. using B (i)=φ (i)/S, (S is respectively sc, ss, se；φ (i) is corresponding magnetizer magnetic flux；I=0,1,
2... the magnetic induction intensity for) solving corresponding magnetic conductor respectively obtains corresponding magnetic field strength Hi by inquiring pure iron magnetization curve.
4. using H (i) L=φ (i) R (i) seek respectively magnetizer under respective conditions magnetic resistance (when seeking Ra1, Ra2, L
=cl/2；When seeking Rb1, Rb2, L=cs/2；When seeking Rc1, Rc2, L=ce+heg；When seeking Rd, L=ct)；
5. the magnetic resistance matrix Rmn (i) sought (i is the number of iterations) back substitution equation group is found out newly using gaussian iteration method
Magnetic flux matrix Φ n (i+1)；
6. judgement: if(ε is computational accuracy, is generally taken 0.001), then calculates termination；IfThen repeat step 3., 4., 5., until
8) electromagnetic attraction resultant moment calculates:
1. calculating working gas gap flux value.According to meter and the magnetic circuit model of leakage field, the flux value Φ p1=Φ of working gas gap 1
4；The flux value Φ p2=Φ 1- Φ 4 of working gas gap 2；The flux value Φ p3=Φ 5 of working gas gap 3；The flux value of working gas gap 4
Φ p4=Φ Φ 5；
2. calculating the corresponding sectional area of working gas gap；
3. calculating the corresponding suction of 4 working gas gaps using formula (9)
4. calculating the resultant moment Mx of suction using formula (10).
Corresponding mode input: built-in on-load switch electromagnetic system physical parameter vector D { the wide kc of permanent magnet；Permanent magnet is long
cc；Permanent magnet thickness h c；Permanent magnetism coercivity (numerical value after amendment) Hc；Permeability of permanent magnet um；The long long cl of armature；The long wide kl of armature；
Long armature thickness h l；The long left long r11 of armature；The long right long r21 of armature；The short long cs of armature；The short wide ks of armature；Short armature thickness h s；
The short long r12 of left armature；The short long r22 of right armature；The long ce of yoke；The wide ke of yoke；Yoke thickness h eh；The high heg of yoke；Left yoke is extremely
Centre distance r13；Right yoke is to centre distance r23；The long ct of iron core；Iron core outer diameter is to short armature distance from bottom Lpa }；
Output: electromagnetic attraction resultant moment Mx.
2, static counter-force model foundation:
Unify mathematical calculation model and strain energy method based on the discrete type that can be used for calculating any complex object reed, is protecting
A small amount of segmentation is carried out to the computation model of foundation under conditions of the higher computational accuracy of card.
In Fig. 6, on reed at specified point e, f from flexibility Cee、CffAnd mutual flexibility CefStrain energy method can be used to calculate
Out:
P in formulaeIndicate e point active force, MweIndicate the reed moment of flexure generated by the power；PfIndicate f point active force, MwfIt indicates
The reed moment of flexure generated by the power；E indicates that the elasticity modulus of materials of reed, I indicate that reed cross sectional moment of inertia, s indicate reed arc
Long, these three amounts are definite value when calculating.
If reed is divided into n sections: S1, S2..., Sn, then it can be obtained from flexibility and mutual flexibility calculation formula:
In formula,It is expressed as from flexibility Cee、CffAnd it is mutually soft
Spend CefI cross-talk flexibility (i=1,2 ..., n), the flexibility of reed is equal to the sum of each sub- flexibility of segmentation.
The sub- flexibility section of the reed of on-load switch built in electric energy meter can be attributed to two class of linear type and shaped form, can simplify in this way
Its mathematical model for being used for flexibility calculating.On-load switch reed built in electric energy meter is made of two sections of linear types and one section of curved shape,
It is equivalent to can use 3 sections of progress, that is, is equivalent to two sections of linear types and one section of shaped form reed is calculated.Due to only existing
One point of force application, therefore during Modeling Calculation, it only exists from flexibility, mutual flexibility is not present.The sub- flexibility section S of single layer reedi
(i=1,2,3) is as shown in fig. 7, its mathematical model is as follows.
The mathematical function model of sub- flexibility section S1 are as follows:
Y=-y0(xf≤x≤xa) (14)
The mathematical function model of sub- flexibility section S2 are as follows:
The mathematical function model of sub- flexibility section S3 are as follows:
Y=-y0(xb≤x≤xb+x1) (16)
X in formulaa=-xb, xf=xa-x0。
Due to power PfPosition be contact, the i.e. endpoint of S1, so at three sections of sub- flexibility section x of reed Si (i=1,2,3)
Reed section turn moment are as follows:
Mwf=Pf|x-xf| (17)
To be respectively as follows: from the i cross-talk flexibility of flexibility Cff
Since the section of 3 sections of reeds is rectangle, section square calculation formula are as follows:
C in formulahpFor the length in reed section, hhpFor the thickness in reed section.
For S1 sections:
For S2 sections:
Wherein, it can be calculated according to formula (14):
Formula (20) substitution formula (19) can be calculated:
For S3 sections:
The whole flexibility at moving contact f of reed:
The rigidity of reed:
According to above formula, the design parameter of three layers of reed is substituted into respectively, the flexibility C of three layers of reed is calculatedff1、
Cff2、Cff3, rigidity G1、G2、G3。
Counter-force of the three layers of reed at f:
Wherein, Δ x is deformational displacement of the reed at f:
Δ x=α r11-xc0 (28)
X in formulac0For reed deformational displacement initial value, α is armature angular displacement, α r11For armature displacement of the lines (i.e. armature row
Journey).
The counter-force of three layers of reed acts on the countertorque on armature:
The on-load switch static state counter-force rapid calculation model referring to built in the electric energy meter of above-mentioned foundation executes following steps:
1. 3 layers of reed are divided into two straightways S1, S3 and a curved section S2 by Fig. 7 respectively, respectively to each section of each layer
Reed founding mathematical models (3), (4), (5)；
2. from flexibility CffCalculating:
1. calculating reed section turn moment M at Si flexibility section x using formula (6)wf；
2. (6), which are updated to (2), obtains i sections of reeds from flexibilityUniversal calculation equation (7)；
3. acquiring three sections of sub- flexibilities of reed respectively in conjunction with the mathematical model of three sections of reeds using formula (6)
4. by three sections of sub- flexibilities of reedBe updated to formula (14) acquire reed it is whole at stress point f from soft
Spend Cff；
3. obtaining the rigidity G of reed using formula (15)；
4. using step 2,3, the design parameter of three layers of reed is substituted into respectively, the flexibility C of three layers of reed is calculatedff1、
Cff2、Cff3, rigidity G1、G2、G3；
5. obtaining counter-force F of the three layers of reed at f using formula (16)f；
6. obtaining the countertorque M that three layers of spring force act on armature using formula (18)f。
The wherein input of mathematical model: contact spring system physical parameter vector C { reed elasticity modulus of materials E；Upper layer reed is cut
The long c in facehp1；Upper layer reed section thickness hhp1；The long c in middle layer reed sectionhp2；Middle layer reed section thickness hhp2；Lower layer's reed section is long
chp3；Lower layer's reed section thickness hhp3；The upper layer long x of first segment linear type reed01；The upper layer long x of second segment linear type reed11；Upper layer
The high y of Ω bending reed01+R1；The middle layer long x of first segment linear type reed02；The middle layer long x of second segment linear type reed12；Middle layer Ω is curved
The high y of shape reed02+R2；The lower layer long x of first segment linear type reed03；The lower layer long x of second segment linear type reed13；Lower layer Ω bending spring
The high y of piece03+R3}
The output of mathematical model: countertorque Mf
Finally, being calculated using the static suction of on-load switch built in electric energy meter and the quick calculation method of spring load characteristic
Corresponding static list of data is then enter into dynamic analysis model and is calculated, and can be obtained and bears built in electric energy meter
The dynamic characteristics calculated results such as lotus switch armature acceleration, angular acceleration.As shown in Figure 8.
3, dynamic characteristic mathematical model is established:
Built in electric energy meter in on-load switch action process, on-load switch wire loop can be equivalent to shown in Fig. 9 equivalent
Circuit.
Its voltage balance equation are as follows:
Since L is definite value,Then have:
U, i, R are respectively coil voltage, electric current and resistance in above formula；IsFor the steady-state current of coil；L is inductance；T is electricity
Magnetic time constant,
As it can be seen that coil is powered, moment terminates to armature movement, and coil current exponentially increases, and finally reaches stable shape
State.On-load switch dynamic characteristic equation group is typical first order differential equation system built in electric energy meter, is divided into wire loop differential side
Journey, the armature mechanical movement differential equation, armature angular displacement and angular speed differential relationship equation and initial value:
φ in formula2For coil flux；U, i, R are respectively coil voltage, electric current and resistance；α, ω are respectively armature angular displacement
And angular speed；J is armature rotary inertia；Mx、MfRespectively electromagnetic system suction torque and contact spring system counter-force torque；φ0、α0
The respectively coil flux at t=0 moment and armature angular displacement.
Above-mentioned equation group (33) is solved by method of Runge-Kutta, specific as follows:
Dynamic characteristic mainly passes through numerical method, more software collaboration emulation modes and finite element based on static data at present
Transient state method for solving solves.Numerical value based on static data is for dynamically calculating, and four step Runge-Kutta is mainly used for
Dynamical equation solves.Four step Runge-Kutta solution procedure is as follows:
One first-order ordinary differential equation initial value:
The representation of four step Runge-Kutta:
In formula, bi,ci,aijIt is all constant, c1=0, a1j=0, j=1,2 ..., s-1.In four step Runge-Kutta
In, s=4, classical formulas are as follows:
When solving the dynamic characteristic differential equation group of on-load switch built in electric energy meter, first by time variable t discretization,
Each section of time step Δ t is iterated:
In formula, Δ t=ti+1-ti, Kφj、LωjAnd Mαj(j=1,2,3,4) it is change rate in Δ t on four time points Its specific formula for calculation is as follows:
In formula, hjExpression iteration time step-length, h1=0,H4=Δ t.
In view of built-in on-load switch is in attracting process, speed, acceleration, the suction square in stage and close stage are touched
Etc. dynamic characteristics variation it is relatively slow, and change during the motion relatively rapidly, therefore by taking in different phase
Different iteration time methods, Lai Tigao computational accuracy and computational efficiency are set.Dynamic characteristic calculation process is as shown in Figure 10.First
The number for determining calculative parameter and iterative calculation calculates the rotary inertia of armature, utilizes Runge-Kutta with that
Method iteratively solves the differential equation.Wherein, 0.02ms is set by the time step for touching phases-time step-length and close stage, transported
The time step in dynamic stage is set as 0.01ms.When suction square is greater than countertorque, armature setting in motion, system is by touching the stage
Into motion stage；When the angle change of armature is zero, armature motion terminates, and system enters close stage by motion stage；
When the current change quantity in electromagnetic coil is less than a ten thousandth, indicate that built-in on-load switch is closed completely, the secondary iterative calculation
Process terminates.
It is the static list of data based on electromagnetic system and contact spring system that 4 rank Runge-Kutta methods, which iteratively solve dynamic characteristic,.
For this purpose, electric current i and angular displacement alpha are first divided into n and m equal portions respectively in coil current and armature angular displacement range, i ∈ [0,
Is], α ∈ [0,0.2] (unit: rad), then the on-load switch static state suction fast algorithm built in the electric energy meter for considering leakage field is asked
Obtain the M under different i and αxWith return flux matrix Фn, it is shown in Table 1, according to this table, for known izAnd αzIt can pass through
It tables look-up and linear interpolation method acquires corresponding electromagnetic attraction square Mxz.
1 coil flux amount of table and electromagnetic attraction square tables of data
Based on 1 armature angular displacement data of table, the reed deformation of corresponding points is calculated separately according to formula (25), (26), (27)
Displacement, counterforce and countertorque obtain contact spring system counter-force static list of data 2.According to this table, for known αzIt can be by looking into
Table and linear interpolation method acquire corresponding touching spring countertorque Mfz。
The corresponding touching spring countertorque tables of data of 2 angular displacement of table
Dynamic analysis process shown in Fig. 8 based on static data is shown in specific step is as follows:
Input: dynamic characteristic parameter vector T { armature rotary inertia J；Coil voltage U；Coil flux initial value φ0；Armature
Angular speed initial value ω0；Armature angular displacement initial value α0}；
Output: dynamic Characteristic Data (α, ω, t)
1. obtaining the coil flux amount φ under the conditions of different angular displacement alphas and current value i2With electromagnetic attraction square Mx, form electromagnetism
Static system data, as shown in table 1；
2. obtaining reed deformational displacement Δ x, the counter-force F under the conditions of different angular displacement alphasfWith countertorque Mf, obtain contact spring system
Counter-force static data, as shown in table 2；
3. electromagnetic system static data and contact spring system counter-force static data are based on, using four step Runge-Kutta pair
Formula (33) is solved, and the dynamic Characteristic Data (α, ω, t) under the conditions of dynamic characteristic parameter is obtained.
Dynamic Characteristic Simulation be analyzed as follows:
Using the above method, dynamic of the Intelligent electric energy meter built-in load switch based on static data for calculating standard design is special
Property (standard design parameter is shown in Table 3,4).This flow and method is realized by programming in Matlab software, will be inhaled by static state, is anti-
Force characteristic quickly calculates the static suction obtained, counter-force data imported into dynamic characteristic calculation procedure, can be obtained and is inhaled based on static
Power, counter-force data electric energy meter built in on-load switch dynamic characteristic, mainly include the song that angular speed, angular acceleration change over time
Line etc., as shown in Figure 11~12.
As seen from Figure 11, the angular speed ascendant trend of armature rotation is smooth, and maximum value can reach 1.45 ×
102rad/s；It simultaneously declines speed to be exceedingly fast, illustrates that the stability after armature is attracted is preferable.The characteristic that armature rotates angular acceleration is bent
Line computation result is as shown in figure 12.It is analyzed by the above calculated result it is found that the angular speed and angular acceleration of armature are powered from coil
Start rise at any time, operating point be zeroed, show that its attracting process has finished, actuation time between 10ms-12ms, wave
Shape is consistent with actual desired.By simulation curve it is found that the dynamic Characteristic Simulation model can correctly be reflected in current intelligence lower armature
The change situation of stroke, armature angular speed and armature acceleration.
Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment, however, it is not intended to limit the invention.It is any to be familiar with ability
The technical staff in domain, without deviating from the scope of the technical scheme of the present invention, all using the technology contents pair of the disclosure above
Technical solution of the present invention makes many possible changes and modifications or equivalent example modified to equivalent change.Therefore, all
Without departing from the content of technical solution of the present invention, according to the present invention technical spirit any simple modification made to the above embodiment,
Equivalent variations and modification, all shall fall within the protection scope of the technical scheme of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of Intelligent electric energy meter built-in load switch Dynamic Characteristics Analysis Method, which comprises the following steps:
Under the conditions of S01, the armature difference angular displacement alpha for obtaining Intelligent electric energy meter built-in load switch and different coil current value i
Coil flux amount φ2With electromagnetic attraction square Mx, obtain electromagnetic system static data；
Reed deformational displacement Δ x, counter-force F under the conditions of S02, acquisition armature difference angular displacement alphafWith countertorque Mf, obtain touching spring system
System counter-force static data；
S03, it is based on electromagnetic system static data and contact spring system counter-force static data, is carried out using four step Runge-Kutta
Analysis, obtains the dynamic Characteristic Data under the conditions of dynamic characteristic parameter；
S04, dynamic Characteristic Data obtained in step S03 is analyzed to assess the reliability of on-load switch.
2. Intelligent electric energy meter built-in load switch Dynamic Characteristics Analysis Method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
State the detailed process of step S01 are as follows:
S11, by on-load switch magnetic system structure, according to magnetic equivalent circuit method, establish the negative of leakage field resistance between meter and iron core and armature
Lotus switchs equivalent magnetic circuit modeling；
The on-load switch equivalent magnetic circuit modeling of leakage field resistance, calculated load switch equivalent magnetic between S12, foundation meter and iron core and armature
The flux value φ of each working gas gap in the model of roadpi；
S13, pass through the corresponding sectional area S of working gas gappi, calculate the corresponding electromagnetic attraction F of each working gas gapi, to obtain electricity
Magnetic torque Mx。
3. Intelligent electric energy meter built-in load switch Dynamic Characteristics Analysis Method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that
In step S13, electromagnetic attraction FiIt is calculated by Maxwell's electromagnetic force calculation formula:
φ in formulapiIndicate the magnetic flux by working gas gap, SpiIndicate the corresponding sectional area of working gas gap, μ0Indicate vacuum magnetic conductance
Rate, μ 0=4 π × 10-7Wb/ (Am)；
Electromagnetic attraction square Mx are as follows:
Mx=F2r12+F3r21-F1r11-F4r22；
Wherein grow the long r of left armature11；The long right long r of armature21；The short long r of left armature12；The short long r of right armature22。
4. Intelligent electric energy meter built-in load switch Dynamic Characteristics Analysis Method according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, feature
It is, obtains the detailed process of countertorque in the step S02 are as follows:
S21, layer reed each in Intelligent electric energy meter built-in load switch is divided into n sections, establishes each section of corresponding mathematical function of each layer
Model；
Section turn moment in S22, each each section of reed of layer of acquisition, and corresponding mathematical model is combined, obtain the son of each section of reed of each layer
Flexibility；
S23, by the sub- flexibility of each section of reed of each layer, obtain flexibility of each layer reed at receptor site power；
S24, flexibility and rigidity by each layer reed at receptor site power obtain whole reed in conjunction with armature difference angular displacement alpha
Act on the countertorque on armature.
5. Intelligent electric energy meter built-in load switch Dynamic Characteristics Analysis Method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that institute
It states in step S21, layer reed each in Intelligent electric energy meter built-in load switch is divided into three sections, respectively sequentially connected straightway
S1, curved section S2 and straightway S3.
6. Intelligent electric energy meter built-in load switch Dynamic Characteristics Analysis Method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that institute
It states in step S22, the sub- flexibility of each section of reed of each layer are as follows:
Wherein MwfIndicate that reed moment of flexure, E indicate that the elasticity modulus of materials of reed, I indicate that reed cross sectional moment of inertia, s indicate reed
Arc length, PfFor the active force of stress point.
7. Intelligent electric energy meter built-in load switch Dynamic Characteristics Analysis Method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that institute
It states in step S24, by flexibility of each layer reed at receptor site power, obtains counter-force of each layer reed at receptor site power, thus
The countertorque on armature for acting on Intelligent electric energy meter built-in load switch to whole reed.
8. Intelligent electric energy meter built-in load switch Dynamic Characteristics Analysis Method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that three
Counter-force of the layer reed in stress point:
Wherein, Δ x is deformational displacement of the reed at f, wherein the flexibility of three layers of reed is respectively Cff1、Cff2、Cff3, rigidity point
It Wei not G1、G2、G3；
Δ x=α r11-xc0
X in formulac0For reed deformational displacement initial value, α is armature angular displacement, α r11For armature displacement of the lines；
The counter-force of three layers of reed acts on the countertorque on armature:
9. a kind of Intelligent electric energy meter built-in load switch dynamic characteristic analysis system, which is characterized in that including
First module, for obtain Intelligent electric energy meter built-in load switch armature difference angular displacement alpha and different coil current value i
Under the conditions of coil flux amount φ2With electromagnetic attraction square Mx, form electromagnetic system static data；
Second module, for obtaining reed deformational displacement Δ x, counter-force F under the conditions of armature difference angular displacement alphafWith countertorque Mf,
Obtain contact spring system counter-force static data；
Third module, for being based on electromagnetic system static data and contact spring system counter-force static data, using quadravalence Runge-
Kutta is analyzed, and the dynamic Characteristic Data under the conditions of dynamic characteristic parameter is obtained；
4th module, for being analyzed dynamic Characteristic Data obtained in step S03 to assess the reliability of on-load switch.
10. a kind of computer readable storage medium, which is characterized in that be stored with computer on the computer readable storage medium
Program is realized when the computer program is executed by processor in intelligent electric energy meter described in any one of claim 1 to 8
The step of setting on-load switch Dynamic Characteristics Analysis Method.
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