CN103218502B - Based on the contactor release voltage qualification rate Forecasting Methodology of Monte Carlo simulation - Google Patents

Based on the contactor release voltage qualification rate Forecasting Methodology of Monte Carlo simulation Download PDF

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CN103218502B
CN103218502B CN201310177866.5A CN201310177866A CN103218502B CN 103218502 B CN103218502 B CN 103218502B CN 201310177866 A CN201310177866 A CN 201310177866A CN 103218502 B CN103218502 B CN 103218502B
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parameter
contactor
release voltage
design
group
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CN103218502A (en
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杨文英
徐乐
周志凯
刘鹏
赵瑞平
翟国富
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Guizhou Zhenhua Qunying Electrical Appliances Co.,Ltd.
Harbin Institute of Technology
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GUIZHOU ZHENHUA QUNYING ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES CO Ltd
Harbin Institute of Technology
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Abstract

Based on the contactor release voltage qualification rate Forecasting Methodology of Monte Carlo simulation, belong to contactor detection technique field.The invention solves in existing contactor design process and the problem designed and testing cost is high and the design cycle is long is caused to the processing and fabricating sample that needs of the method existence that release voltage parameter is tested.The present invention determines to utilize MATLAB to produce N group parameter combinations to the influential three kinds of parameter design loads of release voltage and bound, the independent identically distributed central limit theorem of employing according to contactor design document; Then N group release voltage characterisitic parameter is obtained according to this N group parameter combinations; And then obtain the distribution character of release voltage parameter; Finally Simpson rule is utilized to obtain contactor release voltage qualification rate according to the release voltage design parameter of this distribution character and contactor.The present invention is applicable to carry out forecast analysis at the design link of contactor to the qualification rate of contactor release voltage, and then provides the foundation of amendment design parameter for the deviser of contactor.

Description

Based on the contactor release voltage qualification rate Forecasting Methodology of Monte Carlo simulation
Technical field
The invention belongs to contactor field, relate to a kind of release voltage qualification rate computing method, is exactly the contactor release voltage yield analysis method based on Monte Carlo simulation specifically.
Background technology
Release voltage is the most important basic parameter of contactor, is the key factor determining contactor electric current of make-and-break ability, directly can determine that whether contactor is qualified according to this parameter." release of contactor and the voltage disconnected completely should not be less than 5% of specified control supply voltage to " TB/T2767-2010 D.C. contactor used for rolling stock " 7.2.5 article clear stipulaties; for ensureing that power-off not release phenomenon does not appear in contactor, recommend the minimum value of release voltage to be not less than 10% of specified control supply voltage.When starting for diesel engine of diesel locomotive, the contactor worked in control circuit, should ensure that maximum release voltage is no more than 30% of specified control supply voltage." but in the product development of reality; due to the complicacy of real mechanism; various parameter comprises dimensional parameters, design parameter and adjustment parameter all can produce certain impact to release voltage; therefore need to determine to affect the principal element of this parameter in the design phase; and by certain methods qualification rate with regard to its release voltage of analog computation before actual product is produced; thus pass through the qualification rate of the range of tolerable variance Co ntrolled release voltage of changing section factor, make the productivity effect of contactor reach maximum.
In the design process of existing contactor, after the design drawing process of contactor comes, multiple sample is gone out according to design drawing processing and fabricating, then testing apparatus is adopted to carry out the test of release voltage to the multiple samples made, and then can verify that whether the parameter of design is reasonable, if unreasonable, just need revisions on drawings, then again processing and fabricating sample, test again, which results in the design cycle extend and design and testing cost higher.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve in the design process of existing contactor, need the method that sample making out can be tested to the parameter of release voltage to be existed according to design drawing the problem that design cycle long and processing and fabricating sample causes designing and testing cost is high, the invention provides the contactor release voltage qualification rate Forecasting Methodology of a kind of release voltage qualification rate based on Monte Carlo simulation.
The step of the contactor release voltage qualification rate Forecasting Methodology based on Monte Carlo simulation of the present invention is as follows:
Step one: obtain the release voltage of contactor influential dimensional parameters design load, design parameter design load and the range of tolerable variance adjusting parameter designing value and each parameter according to design document and art work sheet, utilize MATLAB to produce N group according to independent identically distributed central limit theorem change in range of tolerable variance and meet the dimensional parameters of normal distribution, design parameter and adjustment parameter three class parameter combinations, Parameter N be more than or equal to 1000 integer;
Step 2: using above N group three class parameter combinations successively as the input parameter of contactor release voltage acquisition module, obtains N group release voltage characterisitic parameter;
Step 3: analyze the N group release voltage parameter obtained, calculates and obtains probability density function, parameter is expected and mean square deviation, and then obtains the distribution character of N group release voltage parameter;
Step 4: require to determine that release voltage differentiates boundary according to the performance index in the design parameter of contactor, the distribution character of the N group release voltage parameter utilizing Simpson rule to obtain according to step 3 calculates contactor release voltage qualification rate.
Described contactor release voltage acquisition module adopts software engineering to realize, and the course of work of this module comprises and the following is step:
Steps A, contactor model calculating parameter initialization characteristic parameter is set;
Step B, ask current time magnetic linkage by previous moment coil voltage, electric current and magnetic linkage integration;
Step C, by coil flux linkage, armature displacement check table obtain coil current;
Step D, the coil current obtained by step C, armature displacement check table obtain electromagnetic attraction;
Step e, calculate mechanical spring counter-force by armature displacement
f=kgx+c dgv
K, c in formula drepresent spring rate and spring damping respectively,
X, v represent armature displacement and the armature speed of spring respectively;
Step F, employing fourth-order Runge-Kutta method solve mechanical motion differential equation group, and described mechanical motion differential equation group is:
Y n + 1 = Y n + h 6 ( K 1 + 2 K 2 + 2 K 3 + K 4 ) K 1 = G ( t n , Y n ) K 2 = G ( t n + 1 2 h , Y n + h 2 K 1 ) K 3 = G ( t n + 1 2 h , Y n + h 2 K 2 ) K 4 = G ( t n + h , Y n + h K 3 )
Wherein, Y represents armature displacement, speed column vector, and expression formula is Y=(x, v) t; Lower footnote n represents sampling instant;
T nrepresent the time that the n moment is corresponding;
G represents armature speed, acceleration column vector, and expression formula is f represents electromagnetic attraction; M represents armature quality;
G (t n, Y n) middle t nand Y nfor the independent variable of above-mentioned expression formula;
H represents step-length computing time;
Step G, preserve step F calculation result data and from described calculation result data, extract release voltage characterisitic parameter, complete the acquisition of release voltage characterisitic parameter.
The described table of comparisons is the bivariate table of coil flux linkage about coil current and armature displacement of contactor, and this table of comparisons is obtained by following step:
Step H, in UG software, set up electromagnetic mechanism three-dimensional model according to the design drawing of the electromagnetic mechanism of contactor;
Step I, by software finite element software FLUX according to the three-dimensional model of electromagnetic mechanism, calculate obtain many group contactors coil current, armature displacement, electromagnetic attraction and magnetic linkage;
Step J, the coil current obtaining many group contactors according to step I, armature displacement, electromagnetic attraction and magnetic linkage parameter build the table of comparisons.
Step I1, employing finite element software FLUX according to the three-dimension modeling geometric model of electromagnetic mechanism, and divide finite element grid to this geometric model;
Step I2, physical attribute according to each finite element grid in the real physical characteristics setting steps I1 of electromagnetic mechanism;
Step I3, carry out static characteristics emulation to the geometric model setting up physical attribute, the coil current value of the many groups of input and corresponding dimensional parameters during emulation, described current value is obtained divided by the coil resistance in the design parameter of contactor by voltage; Obtained by emulation and often organize coil current value and armature displacement corresponding to dimensional parameters, electromagnetic attraction and magnetic linkage.
The process of the distribution character calculating contactor release voltage qualification rate of the N group release voltage parameter utilizing Simpson rule to obtain according to step 3 described in step 4 is:
First the expectation and variance of N group release voltage data is calculated, then determine that Simpson rule calculates required upper lower limit value according to existing release voltage acceptability limit, finally adopt described rule to divide in upper lower limit value inner product and obtain contactor release voltage qualification rate.
Method of the present invention is applied to the design link of contactor, just can carry out quantitative assessment and judgement to the rationality of its parameter at design link, while shortening trial-produce period, reduction testing cost, improves the reliability of product.
Method of the present invention is applicable to carry out forecast analysis in the contactor design phase to the qualification rate of contactor release voltage, and then provides the foundation of amendment design parameter for the deviser of contactor.
This method proposes based on Monte Carlo simulation, and Monte Carlo (MonteCarlo) simulation is a kind of by setting stochastic process, repeatedly rise time sequence, calculating parameter estimator, and then the method studying its distribution characteristics.The principle of Monte-carlo Simulation Method is when problem or object itself have probability characteristics, can produce sampling results by the method for computer simulation, according to the value of sample calculation statistic or parameter; Along with increasing of number realization, stable conclusion can be obtained by the method be averaging the estimated value of each statistic or parameter.
When each parameter of contactor is known, owing to relating to machine, electricity, solving of magnetic coupling equation, be difficult to the mathematical models directly setting up contactor batch products release voltage qualification rate according to the tolerance of each parameter, but (dimensional parameters can be comprised for each parameter of contactor, design parameter, tuning parameter) random generation N number ofly change and meet the numerical value of normal distribution in range of tolerable variance, then each from these parameters extract a numerical value for calculating release voltage, so carry out the release voltage obtaining N number of contactor for N time, be equivalent to production be assembled with N number of contactor and record release voltage, then statistical study is carried out to this N number of release voltage, obtain its regularity of distribution and parameter, finally calculate its release voltage qualification rate according to discrimination standard, N is larger, its qualification rate calculated is more close with actual conditions.This computation process has used the thought of Monte Carlo simulation.
Method of the present invention can in the design phase of contactor, according to dimensional parameters, design parameter and adjustment parameter tolerances scope that art work sheet provides, utilize the thought of Monte Carlo Analogue Method to be similar to and obtain contactor release voltage qualification rate, the manufacture of manufacturing enterprise to contactor can be allowed to have an overall assurance, lay the foundation for improving contactor qualification rate further simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the method for the invention; Fig. 2 is the principle of work schematic diagram of described contactor release voltage acquisition module; Fig. 3 is certain model contactor construction schematic diagram, and wherein 1 is shell, and 2 is connecting rod, and 3 is coil, and 4 is armature, and 5 is reaction spring, and 6 is iron core, and 7 is yoke, and 8 is rebound spring, and 9 is moving contact, and 10 is static contact; Fig. 4 is certain model contactor moving contact release voltage distribution curve and differentiates boundary, and the vertical line wherein perpendicular to horizontal ordinate is differentiation boundary.Fig. 5 is that the present invention calculates the principle schematic obtaining release voltage qualification rate.
Embodiment
Embodiment one, see Fig. 1, present embodiment is described.A kind of contactor release voltage qualification rate Forecasting Methodology based on Monte Carlo simulation described in present embodiment, the method comprises the steps:
Step one: obtain the release voltage of contactor influential dimensional parameters design load, design parameter design load and the range of tolerable variance adjusting parameter designing value and each parameter according to design document and art work sheet, utilize MATLAB to produce N group according to independent identically distributed central limit theorem change in range of tolerable variance and meet the dimensional parameters of normal distribution, design parameter and adjustment parameter three class parameter combinations, Parameter N be more than or equal to 1000 integer;
Step 2: using above N group three class parameter combinations successively as the input parameter of contactor release voltage acquisition module, obtains N group release voltage characterisitic parameter;
Step 3: analyze the N group release voltage parameter obtained, calculates and obtains probability density function, parameter is expected and mean square deviation, and then obtains the distribution character of N group release voltage parameter;
Step 4: require to determine that release voltage differentiates boundary according to the performance index in the design parameter of contactor, the distribution character of the N group release voltage parameter utilizing Simpson rule to obtain according to step 3 calculates contactor release voltage qualification rate.
Independent identically distributed central limit theorem described in step one, i.e. row dimension one Edward Lindberg theorem, be a kind of special shape of the central limit theorem in statistics, have comparatively widespread use in practice.
The concrete methods of realizing of above-mentioned independent identically distributed central limit theorem in MATLAB is in MATLAB, by limiting the mode of expectation value and variance, adopt function of random variable Random to generate N group number, then this N group numerical value directly meets row dimension one Edward Lindberg theorem.Wherein, expectation value is design centre value, and variance is then determined by the range of tolerable variance designed.
Embodiment two, see Fig. 2, present embodiment is described.The difference of present embodiment and a kind of contactor release voltage qualification rate Forecasting Methodology based on Monte Carlo simulation described in embodiment one is, described contactor release voltage acquisition module adopts software engineering to realize, and the course of work of this module comprises and the following is step:
Steps A, contactor model calculating parameter initialization characteristic parameter is set;
Step B, ask current time magnetic linkage by previous moment coil voltage, electric current and magnetic linkage integration;
Step C, by coil flux linkage, armature displacement check table obtain coil current;
Step D, the coil current obtained by step C, armature displacement check table obtain electromagnetic attraction;
Step e, calculate mechanical spring counter-force by armature displacement
f=kgx+c dgv
K, c in formula drepresent spring rate and spring damping respectively,
X, v represent armature displacement and the armature speed of spring respectively;
Step F, employing fourth-order Runge-Kutta method solve mechanical motion differential equation group, and described mechanical motion differential equation group is:
Y n + 1 = Y n + h 6 ( K 1 + 2 K 2 + 2 K 3 + K 4 ) K 1 = G ( t n , Y n ) K 2 = G ( t n + 1 2 h , Y n + h 2 K 1 ) K 3 = G ( t n + 1 2 h , Y n + h 2 K 2 ) K 4 = G ( t n + h , Y n + h K 3 )
Described Y represents armature displacement, speed column vector, and expression formula is Y=(x, v) t; Lower footnote n represents sampling instant;
T nrepresent the time that the n moment is corresponding;
G represents armature speed, acceleration column vector, and expression formula is f represents electromagnetic attraction; M represents armature quality;
G (t n, Y n) middle t nand Y nfor the independent variable of above-mentioned expression formula;
H represents step-length computing time;
Step G, preserve step F calculation result data and from described calculation result data, extract release voltage characterisitic parameter, complete the acquisition of release voltage characterisitic parameter.
The difference of a kind of contactor release voltage qualification rate Forecasting Methodology based on Monte Carlo simulation described in embodiment three, present embodiment and embodiment two is, the described table of comparisons is the bivariate table of coil flux linkage about coil current and armature displacement of contactor, and this table of comparisons is obtained by following step:
Step H, in UG software, set up electromagnetic mechanism three-dimensional model according to the design drawing of the electromagnetic mechanism of contactor;
Step I, by software finite element software FLUX according to the three-dimensional model of electromagnetic mechanism, calculate obtain many group contactors coil current, armature displacement, electromagnetic attraction and magnetic linkage;
Step J, the coil current obtaining many group contactors according to step I, armature displacement, electromagnetic attraction and magnetic linkage parameter build the table of comparisons.
The difference of a kind of contactor release voltage qualification rate Forecasting Methodology based on Monte Carlo simulation described in embodiment four, present embodiment and embodiment three is, described in step I by software finite element software FLUX according to the three-dimensional model of electromagnetic mechanism, calculate obtain many group contactors coil flux linkage, coil current and armature displacement process be:
Step I1, employing finite element software FLUX according to the three-dimension modeling geometric model of electromagnetic mechanism, and divide finite element grid to this geometric model;
Step I2, physical attribute according to each finite element grid in the real physical characteristics setting steps I1 of electromagnetic mechanism;
Step I3, carry out static characteristics emulation to the geometric model setting up physical attribute, the coil current value of the many groups of input and corresponding dimensional parameters during emulation, described current value is obtained divided by the coil resistance in the design parameter of contactor by voltage; Obtained by emulation and often organize coil current value and armature displacement corresponding to dimensional parameters, electromagnetic attraction and magnetic linkage.
Embodiment five, the difference of present embodiment and a kind of contactor release voltage qualification rate Forecasting Methodology based on Monte Carlo simulation described in embodiment one is, the process of the distribution character calculating contactor release voltage qualification rate of the N group release voltage parameter utilizing Simpson rule to obtain according to step 3 described in step 4 is: the expectation and variance first calculating N group release voltage data, then determine that Simpson rule calculates required upper lower limit value according to existing release voltage acceptability limit, finally adopt described rule to divide in upper lower limit value inner product and obtain contactor release voltage qualification rate.
Illustrate that present embodiment calculates the principle obtaining release voltage qualification rate see Fig. 5, in Fig. 5, curve represents release voltage family curve, and horizontal ordinate represents release voltage, and ordinate represents probability density, and vertical curve represents boundary, then according to formula
R = P ( x < y ) = P ( x < x 0 ) = &Integral; - &infin; x 0 F ( x ) d x
The probability of release voltage can be obtained.
Embodiment six, present embodiment are concrete cases of a kind of contactor release voltage qualification rate Forecasting Methodology based on Monte Carlo simulation of the present invention, and in present case, described step is as follows:
Step one: the design document of certain the model contactor construction according to Fig. 3 and art work sheet obtain the dimensional parameters design load of contactor, the parameter ginseng of range of tolerable variance of design parameter design load and adjustment parameter designing value and each parameter is shown in Table 1:
Table 1
Code name Meaning Scope Design load
x1 Coil resistance (Ω) 5.50±0.55 5.50
x2 Clearance between open contacts (mm) 1.30±0.13 1.3
x3 Armature travel (mm) 2.20±0.06 2.20
x4 Rebound spring decrement (mm) 0.45±0.03 0.45
x5 Reaction spring decrement (mm) 8.54±0.10 8.54
x6 Rebound spring rigidity (kN/m) 16.27±0.30 16.27
x7 Reaction spring rigidity (kN/m) 0.250±0.019 0.250
x8 Moving contact quality (g) 7.74±0.74 7.74
x9 Armature quality (g) 8.88±0.18 8.88
x10 Contact colliding stiffness (10 9N/m) 4.20±0.84 4.20
x11 The contact collision punishment degree of depth (mm) 0.10±0.01 0.10
x12 Contact collisional damping (10 4Ns/m) 3.5±0.7 3.5
Utilize MATLAB to produce N group according to independent identically distributed central limit theorem change in range of tolerable variance and meet the dimensional parameters of normal distribution, design parameter and adjustment parameter three class parameter combinations, Parameter N be more than or equal to 1000 integer;
Step 2: using above N group three class parameter combinations successively as the input parameter of contactor release voltage acquisition module, obtains N group release voltage characterisitic parameter;
Step 3: analyze the N group release voltage parameter obtained, calculates and obtains probability density function, parameter is expected and mean square deviation, and then obtains the distribution character N (0.94829,0.01) of N group moving contact release voltage parameter;
Step 4: require to determine that release voltage differentiates that boundary be little 1.1V is specification product according to the performance index in the design parameter of contactor, the distribution character of the N group release voltage parameter utilizing Simpson rule to obtain according to step 3 calculates contactor release voltage qualification rate, as shown in Figure 4, in figure, curve is contact release voltage distribution curve, the differentiation boundary of the vertical line vertical with horizontal ordinate to be voltage be 1.1V, utilizing Simpson rule to calculate contactor release voltage qualification rate is 93.54%.

Claims (4)

1., based on a contactor release voltage qualification rate Forecasting Methodology for Monte Carlo simulation, the method comprises the steps:
Step one: obtain the release voltage of contactor influential dimensional parameters design load, design parameter design load and the range of tolerable variance adjusting parameter designing value and each parameter according to design document and art work sheet, utilize MATLAB to produce N group according to independent identically distributed central limit theorem change in range of tolerable variance and meet the dimensional parameters of normal distribution, design parameter and adjustment parameter three class parameter combinations, Parameter N be more than or equal to 1000 integer;
Step 2: using above N group three class parameter combinations successively as the input parameter of contactor release voltage acquisition module, obtains N group release voltage characterisitic parameter;
Step 3: analyze the N group release voltage parameter obtained, calculates and obtains probability density function, parameter is expected and mean square deviation, and then obtains the distribution character of N group release voltage parameter;
Step 4: require to determine that release voltage differentiates boundary according to the performance index in the design parameter of contactor, the distribution character of the N group release voltage parameter utilizing Simpson rule to obtain according to step 3 calculates contactor release voltage qualification rate;
It is characterized in that, described contactor release voltage acquisition module adopts software engineering to realize, and the course of work of this module comprises and the following is step:
Steps A, contactor model calculating parameter initialization characteristic parameter is set;
Step B, ask current time magnetic linkage by previous moment coil voltage, electric current and magnetic linkage integration;
Step C, by coil flux linkage, armature displacement check table obtain coil current;
Step D, the coil current obtained by step C, armature displacement check table obtain electromagnetic attraction;
Step e, calculate mechanical spring counter-force by armature displacement
f=kgx+c dgv
K, c in formula drepresent spring rate and spring damping respectively, x, v represent armature displacement and the armature speed of spring respectively;
Step F, employing fourth-order Runge-Kutta method solve mechanical motion differential equation group, and described mechanical motion differential equation group is:
Y n + 1 = Y n + h 6 ( K 1 + 2 K 2 + 2 K 3 + K 4 ) K 1 = G ( t n , Y n ) K 2 = G ( t n + 1 2 h , Y n + h 2 K 1 ) K 3 = G ( t n + 1 2 h , Y n + h 2 K 2 ) K 4 = G ( t n + h , Y n + h K 3 )
Wherein, Y represents armature displacement, speed column vector, and expression formula is Y=(x, v) t; Lower footnote n represents sampling instant;
T nrepresent the time that the n moment is corresponding;
G represents armature speed, acceleration column vector, and expression formula is f represents electromagnetic attraction; M represents armature quality;
G (t n, Y n) middle t nand Y nfor the independent variable of above-mentioned expression formula;
H represents step-length computing time;
Step G, preserve step F calculation result data and from described calculation result data, extract release voltage characterisitic parameter, complete the acquisition of release voltage characterisitic parameter.
2. a kind of contactor release voltage qualification rate Forecasting Methodology based on Monte Carlo simulation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the described table of comparisons is the bivariate table of coil flux linkage about coil current and armature displacement of contactor, and this table of comparisons is obtained by following step:
Step H, in UG software, set up electromagnetic mechanism three-dimensional model according to the design drawing of the electromagnetic mechanism of contactor;
Step I, by software finite element software FLUX according to the three-dimensional model of electromagnetic mechanism, calculate obtain many group contactors coil current, armature displacement, electromagnetic attraction and magnetic linkage;
Step J, the coil current obtaining many group contactors according to step I, armature displacement, electromagnetic attraction and magnetic linkage parameter build the table of comparisons.
3. a kind of contactor release voltage qualification rate Forecasting Methodology based on Monte Carlo simulation according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described in step I by software finite element software FLUX according to the three-dimensional model of electromagnetic mechanism, calculate obtain many group contactors coil flux linkage, coil current and armature displacement process be:
Step I1, employing finite element software FLUX according to the three-dimension modeling geometric model of electromagnetic mechanism, and divide finite element grid to this geometric model;
Step I2, physical attribute according to each finite element grid in the real physical characteristics setting steps I1 of electromagnetic mechanism;
Step I3, carry out static characteristics emulation to the geometric model setting up physical attribute, the coil current value of the many groups of input and corresponding dimensional parameters during emulation, described current value is obtained divided by the coil resistance in the design parameter of contactor by voltage; Obtained by emulation and often organize coil current value and armature displacement corresponding to dimensional parameters, electromagnetic attraction and magnetic linkage.
4. a kind of contactor release voltage qualification rate Forecasting Methodology based on Monte Carlo simulation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the process of the distribution character calculating contactor release voltage qualification rate of the N group release voltage parameter utilizing Simpson rule to obtain according to step 3 described in step 4 is:
First the expectation and variance of N group release voltage data is calculated, then determine that Simpson rule calculates required upper lower limit value according to existing release voltage acceptability limit, finally adopt described rule to divide in upper lower limit value inner product and obtain contactor release voltage qualification rate.
CN201310177866.5A 2013-05-14 2013-05-14 Based on the contactor release voltage qualification rate Forecasting Methodology of Monte Carlo simulation Active CN103218502B (en)

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