Based on the probe of contactor breaking speed qualification rate Forecasting Methodology of Monte Carlo simulation
Technical field
The invention belongs to contactor field, relate to a kind of contact breaking speed qualification rate computing method, is exactly the probe of contactor breaking speed yield analysis method based on Monte Carlo simulation specifically.
Background technology
Contact breaking speed is the most important basic parameter of contactor, and be the key factor determining contactor electric current of make-and-break ability, the consistance of this parameter determines the degree of scatter of life of product to a certain extent.But in the product development of reality, due to the complicacy of real mechanism, various parameter comprises dimensional parameters, design parameter and adjustment parameter all can produce certain impact to contact breaking speed, therefore need to determine to affect the principal element of this parameter in the design phase, and by certain methods consistance with regard to its breaking speed of analog computation before actual product is produced, thus the consistance of breaking speed is controlled by the range of tolerable variance of changing section factor, the life-span of contactor is increased and reaches maximum.
In the design process of existing contactor, after the design drawing process of contactor comes, multiple sample is gone out according to design drawing processing and fabricating, then testing apparatus is adopted to carry out the test of contact breaking speed to the multiple samples made, and then can verify that whether the parameter of design is reasonable, if unreasonable, just need revisions on drawings, then again processing and fabricating sample, test again, which results in the design cycle extend and design and testing cost higher.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve in the design process of existing contactor, need the method that sample making out can be tested to the parameter of contact breaking speed to be existed according to design drawing the problem that design cycle long and processing and fabricating sample causes designing and testing cost is high, the invention provides a kind of probe of contactor breaking speed qualification rate Forecasting Methodology based on Monte Carlo simulation.
The step of the probe of contactor breaking speed qualification rate Forecasting Methodology based on Monte Carlo simulation of the present invention is as follows:
Step one: the range of tolerable variance obtaining the dimensional parameters design load of contactor, design parameter design load and adjustment parameter designing value and each parameter according to design document and art work sheet, utilize MATLAB to produce N group according to independent identically distributed central limit theorem change in range of tolerable variance and meet the dimensional parameters of normal distribution, design parameter and adjustment parameter three class parameter combinations, Parameter N be more than or equal to 1000 integer;
Step 2: using above N group three class parameter combinations successively as the input parameter of probe of contactor breaking speed acquisition module, obtains N group contact breaking speed characterisitic parameter;
Step 3: analyze the N group contact breaking speed parameter obtained, calculates and obtains probability density function, parameter is expected and mean square deviation, and then obtains the distribution character of N group contact breaking speed parameter;
Step 4: require to determine that contact breaking speed differentiates boundary according to the performance index in the design parameter of contactor, the distribution character of the N group contact breaking speed parameter utilizing Simpson rule to obtain according to step 3 calculates probe of contactor breaking speed qualification rate.
Described probe of contactor breaking speed acquisition module adopts software engineering to realize, and the course of work of this module comprises and the following is step:
Steps A, contactor model calculating parameter initialization characteristic parameter is set;
Step B, ask current time magnetic linkage by previous moment coil voltage, electric current and magnetic linkage integration;
Step C, by coil flux linkage, armature displacement check table obtain coil current;
Step D, the coil current obtained by step C, armature displacement check table obtain electromagnetic attraction;
Step e, calculate mechanical spring counter-force by armature displacement;
Step F, employing fourth-order Runge-Kutta method solve mechanical motion differential equation group, and described mechanical motion differential equation group is:
Wherein, Y represents armature displacement, speed column vector, and expression formula is Y=(x, v)
t; Lower footnote n represents sampling instant;
T
nrepresent the time that the n moment is corresponding;
G represents armature speed, acceleration column vector, and expression formula is
v represents armature speed, and F represents electromagnetic attraction; F represents counter-force; M represents armature quality;
G (t
n, Y
n) middle t
nand Y
nfor the independent variable of above-mentioned expression formula;
H represents step-length computing time;
Step G, preserve step F calculation result data and from described calculation result data, extract contact breaking speed characterisitic parameter, and obtain contact breaking speed qualification rate according to the allowed band of the contact breaking speed in design document.
The described table of comparisons is the bivariate table of coil flux linkage about coil current and armature displacement of contactor, and this table of comparisons is obtained by following step:
Step H, in UG software, set up electromagnetic mechanism three-dimensional model according to the design drawing of the electromagnetic mechanism of contactor;
Step I, by software finite element software FLUX according to the three-dimensional model of electromagnetic mechanism, calculate obtain many group contactors coil current, armature displacement, electromagnetic attraction and magnetic linkage;
Step J, the coil current obtaining many group contactors according to step I, armature displacement, electromagnetic attraction and magnetic linkage parameter build the table of comparisons.
Described in step I by software finite element software FLUX according to the three-dimensional model of electromagnetic mechanism, calculate obtain many group contactors coil flux linkage, coil current and armature displacement process be:
Step I1, employing finite element software FLUX according to the three-dimension modeling geometric model of electromagnetic mechanism, and divide finite element grid to this geometric model;
Step I2, physical attribute according to each finite element grid in the real physical characteristics setting steps I1 of electromagnetic mechanism;
Step I3, carry out static characteristics emulation to the geometric model setting up physical attribute, the coil current value of the many groups of input and corresponding dimensional parameters during emulation, described current value is obtained divided by the coil resistance in the design parameter of contactor by voltage; Obtained by emulation and often organize coil current value and armature displacement corresponding to dimensional parameters, electromagnetic attraction and magnetic linkage.
The process of the distribution character calculating probe of contactor breaking speed qualification rate of the N group contact breaking speed parameter utilizing Simpson rule to obtain according to step 3 described in step 4 is: the expectation and variance first calculating N group contact breaking speed data, then determine that Simpson rule calculates required upper lower limit value according to existing contact breaking speed acceptability limit, finally adopt described rule to divide in upper lower limit value inner product and obtain probe of contactor breaking speed qualification rate.
Method of the present invention is applied to the design link of contactor, just can carry out quantitative assessment and judgement to the rationality of its parameter at design link, while shortening trial-produce period, reduction testing cost, improves the reliability of product.
Method of the present invention is applicable to carry out forecast analysis in the contactor design phase to the qualification rate of contactor contact breaking speed, and then provides the foundation of amendment design parameter for the deviser of contactor.
This method proposes based on Monte Carlo simulation, and Monte Carlo (MonteCarlo) simulation is a kind of by setting stochastic process, repeatedly rise time sequence, calculating parameter estimator, and then the method studying its distribution characteristics.The principle of Monte-carlo Simulation Method is when problem or object itself have probability characteristics, can produce sampling results by the method for computer simulation, according to the value of sample calculation statistic or parameter; Along with increasing of number realization, stable conclusion can be obtained by the method be averaging the estimated value of each statistic or parameter.
The present invention is in the design phase of contactor, according to dimensional parameters, design parameter and adjustment parameter tolerances scope that art work sheet provides, utilize the thought of Monte Carlo Analogue Method to be similar to and obtain probe of contactor breaking speed qualification rate, the manufacture of manufacturing enterprise to contactor can be allowed to have an overall assurance, lay the foundation for improving contactor qualification rate further simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the method for the invention; Fig. 2 is the fundamental diagram of probe of contactor breaking speed acquisition module; Fig. 3 is certain model contactor construction schematic diagram, and wherein 1 is shell, and 2 is connecting rod, and 3 is coil, and 4 is armature, and 5 is reaction spring, and 6 is iron core, and 7 is yoke, and 8 is rebound spring, and 9 is moving contact, and 10 is static contact; Fig. 4 is certain model probe of contactor breaking speed distribution curve and differentiates boundary, and the vertical line wherein perpendicular to horizontal ordinate is differentiation boundary.Fig. 5 is that the present invention calculates the schematic diagram obtaining contact breaking speed qualification rate.
Embodiment
Embodiment one, see Fig. 1, present embodiment is described.A kind of probe of contactor breaking speed qualification rate Forecasting Methodology based on Monte Carlo simulation described in present embodiment, the method comprises the steps:
Step one: the range of tolerable variance obtaining the dimensional parameters design load of contactor, design parameter design load and adjustment parameter designing value and each parameter according to design document and art work sheet, utilize MATLAB to produce N group according to independent identically distributed central limit theorem change in range of tolerable variance and meet the dimensional parameters of normal distribution, design parameter and adjustment parameter three class parameter combinations, Parameter N be more than or equal to 1000 integer;
Step 2: using above N group three class parameter combinations successively as the input parameter of probe of contactor breaking speed acquisition module, obtains N group contact breaking speed characterisitic parameter;
Step 3: analyze the N group contact breaking speed parameter obtained, calculates and obtains probability density function, parameter is expected and mean square deviation, and then obtains the distribution character of N group contact breaking speed parameter;
Step 4: require to determine that contact breaking speed differentiates boundary according to the performance index in the design parameter of contactor, the distribution character of the N group contact breaking speed parameter utilizing Simpson rule to obtain according to step 3 calculates probe of contactor breaking speed qualification rate.
Independent identically distributed central limit theorem described in step one, i.e. row dimension one Edward Lindberg theorem, be a kind of special shape of the central limit theorem in statistics, have comparatively widespread use in practice.
The concrete methods of realizing of above-mentioned independent identically distributed central limit theorem in MATLAB is in MATLAB, by limiting the mode of expectation value and variance, adopt function of random variable Random to generate N group number, then this N group numerical value directly meets row dimension one Edward Lindberg theorem.Wherein, expectation value is design centre value, and variance is then determined by the range of tolerable variance designed.
Embodiment two, see Fig. 2, present embodiment is described.The difference of present embodiment and a kind of probe of contactor breaking speed qualification rate Forecasting Methodology based on Monte Carlo simulation described in embodiment one is, described probe of contactor breaking speed acquisition module adopts software engineering to realize, and the course of work of this module comprises and the following is step:
Steps A, contactor model calculating parameter initialization characteristic parameter is set;
Step B, ask current time magnetic linkage by previous moment coil voltage, electric current and magnetic linkage integration;
Step C, by coil flux linkage, armature displacement check table obtain coil current;
Step D, the coil current obtained by step C, armature displacement check table obtain electromagnetic attraction;
Step e, calculate mechanical spring counter-force by armature displacement;
Step F, employing fourth-order Runge-Kutta method solve mechanical motion differential equation group, and described mechanical motion differential equation group is:
Described Y represents armature displacement, speed column vector, and expression formula is Y=(x, v)
t; Lower footnote n represents sampling instant;
T
nrepresent the time that the n moment is corresponding;
G represents armature speed, acceleration column vector, and expression formula is
v represents armature speed, and F represents electromagnetic attraction; F represents counter-force; M represents armature quality;
G (t
n, Y
n) middle t
nand Y
nfor the independent variable of above-mentioned expression formula;
H represents step-length computing time;
Step G, preserve step F calculation result data and from described calculation result data, extract contact breaking speed characterisitic parameter, and obtain contact breaking speed qualification rate according to the allowed band of the contact breaking speed in design document.
The difference of a kind of probe of contactor breaking speed qualification rate Forecasting Methodology based on Monte Carlo simulation described in embodiment three, present embodiment and embodiment two is, the described table of comparisons is the bivariate table of coil flux linkage about coil current and armature displacement of contactor, and this table of comparisons is obtained by following step:
Step H, in UG software, set up electromagnetic mechanism three-dimensional model according to the design drawing of the electromagnetic mechanism of contactor;
Step I, by software finite element software FLUX according to the three-dimensional model of electromagnetic mechanism, calculate obtain many group contactors coil current, armature displacement, electromagnetic attraction and magnetic linkage;
Step J, the coil current obtaining many group contactors according to step I, armature displacement, electromagnetic attraction and magnetic linkage parameter build the table of comparisons.
The difference of a kind of probe of contactor breaking speed qualification rate Forecasting Methodology based on Monte Carlo simulation described in embodiment four, present embodiment and embodiment three is, described in step I by software finite element software FLUX according to the three-dimensional model of electromagnetic mechanism, calculate obtain many group contactors coil flux linkage, coil current and armature displacement process be:
Step I1, employing finite element software FLUX according to the three-dimension modeling geometric model of electromagnetic mechanism, and divide finite element grid to this geometric model;
Step I2, physical attribute according to each finite element grid in the real physical characteristics setting steps I1 of electromagnetic mechanism;
Step I3, carry out static characteristics emulation to the geometric model setting up physical attribute, the coil current value of the many groups of input and corresponding dimensional parameters during emulation, described current value is obtained divided by the coil resistance in the design parameter of contactor by voltage; Obtained by emulation and often organize coil current value and armature displacement corresponding to dimensional parameters, electromagnetic attraction and magnetic linkage.
Embodiment five, the difference of present embodiment and a kind of probe of contactor breaking speed qualification rate Forecasting Methodology based on Monte Carlo simulation described in embodiment one is, the process of the distribution character calculating probe of contactor breaking speed qualification rate of the N group contact breaking speed parameter utilizing Simpson rule to obtain according to step 3 described in step 4 is: the expectation and variance first calculating N group contact breaking speed data, then determine that Simpson rule calculates required upper lower limit value according to existing contact breaking speed acceptability limit, finally adopt described rule to divide in upper lower limit value inner product and obtain probe of contactor breaking speed qualification rate.
Illustrate that present embodiment calculates the principle obtaining contact breaking speed qualification rate see Fig. 5, in Fig. 5, curve represents contact breaking speed family curve, and horizontal ordinate represents contact breaking speed, and ordinate represents probability density, and vertical curve represents boundary, then according to formula
The probability of contact breaking speed can be obtained.
Embodiment six, present embodiment are concrete cases of a kind of probe of contactor breaking speed qualification rate Forecasting Methodology based on Monte Carlo simulation of the present invention, and in present case, described step is as follows:
Step one: the design document of certain the model contactor construction according to Fig. 3 and art work sheet obtain the dimensional parameters design load of contactor, the parameter ginseng of range of tolerable variance of design parameter design load and adjustment parameter designing value and each parameter is shown in Table 1:
Table 1
Code name |
Meaning |
Scope |
Design load |
x1 |
Coil resistance (Ω) |
5.50±0.55 |
5.50 |
x2 |
Clearance between open contacts (mm) |
1.30±0.13 |
1.3 |
x3 |
Armature travel (mm) |
2.20±0.06 |
2.20 |
x4 |
Rebound spring decrement (mm) |
0.45±0.03 |
0.45 |
x5 |
Reaction spring decrement (mm) |
8.54±0.10 |
8.54 |
x6 |
Rebound spring rigidity (kN/m) |
16.27±0.30 |
16.27 |
x7 |
Reaction spring rigidity (kN/m) |
0.250±0.019 |
0.250 |
x8 |
Moving contact quality (g) |
7.74±0.74 |
7.74 |
x9 |
Armature quality (g) |
8.88±0.18 |
8.88 |
x10 |
Contact colliding stiffness (10
9N/m)
|
4.20±0.84 |
4.20 |
x11 |
The contact collision punishment degree of depth (mm) |
0.10±0.01 |
0.10 |
x12 |
Contact collisional damping (10
4Ns/m)
|
3.5±0.7 |
3.5 |
Utilize MATLAB to produce N group according to independent identically distributed central limit theorem change in range of tolerable variance and meet the dimensional parameters of normal distribution, design parameter and adjustment parameter three class parameter combinations, Parameter N be more than or equal to 1000 integer;
Step 2: using above N group three class parameter combinations successively as the input parameter of probe of contactor breaking speed acquisition module, obtains N group contact breaking speed characterisitic parameter;
Step 3: analyze the N group contact breaking speed parameter obtained, calculates and obtains probability density function, parameter is expected and mean square deviation, and then the distribution character obtaining N group contact breaking speed parameter is N (-1.14594,0.014287);
Step 4: according to the performance index in the design parameter of contactor require to determine contact breaking speed differentiate boundary be less than 0.95m/s for specification product, the distribution character of the N group contact breaking speed parameter utilizing Simpson rule to obtain according to step 3 calculates probe of contactor breaking speed qualification rate, as shown in Figure 4, in figure, curve is the distribution curve of contact breaking speed, the differentiation boundary of the vertical line vertical with horizontal ordinate to be breaking speed be 0.95m/s, utilizing Simpson rule to calculate probe of contactor breaking speed qualification rate is 95.92%.