CN103288544B - Production process of biological compound fertilizer - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a production process of a biological compound fertilizer. The production process comprises the following steps of: a, mixing the following components in percentage by weight: 1.0-2.0% of soybean cake powder, 0.3-1.0% of fish meal, 1.0-3.0% of corn steep, 0.5-1.5% of starch, 0.02-0.1% of magnesium sulfate, 0.3-1.0% of calcium carbonate, 0.01-0.05% of monopotassium phosphate, 0.05-0.15% of grease and 80-95% of water, and adjusting the pH value to 7-7.5 to obtain a fermenting raw material; b, uniformly mixing 90-98% of fermenting raw material and 2-10% of bacillus according to the weight percentage, adding the mixture into a fermentation tank to ferment for 12-18h to obtain a bacterial spore; c, filtering, pressing, drying and crushing the bacterial spore to obtain a bactericide; d, mixing 5-15% of the bactericide obtained in step c, 10-30% of humic acid, 70-80% of cakes and 5-15% of medium trace elements by weight percent and granulating to obtain microbial bactericide particles; and e, uniformly stirring 10-30% of microbial bactericide particles obtained in step d, 20-40% of urea, 20-40% of diammonium phosphate and 15-35% of potassium sulphate according to the weight percent to obtain the biological compound fertilizer.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural fertilizer field, relate to the preparation of composite fertilizer, be specifically related to a kind of production technique of bio-compound fertilizer.
Background technology
Growing of crop needs the supply of various nutritive element, and the source of nutritive element mainly fertilizer, fertilizer is the guarantee of agricultural sustainable development, is the basis of crop yield.After chemical fertilizer is manured into soil, due to the impact of chemical fertilizer self performance and edatope condition, the utilization ratio of its this season crop is lower, only has 20 ~ 40%, not only causes a large amount of wastes of chemical fertilizer, the quality of agricultural-food declines, and a large amount of uses of chemical fertilizer, make lake, river, reservoir water body Eutrophic Extent day by day serious, the nitrate concentration of underground water sharply increases, not only contaminate environment, also will have a strong impact on the life of the people.
Along with society is to the pay attention to day by day of environment protection, bio-fertilizer will give play to its due economic benefit and ecological benefits in agriculture production.Effective mushroom and organic adsorption material mix and make by microorganism fertilizer, promote plant growth, improve a kind of composite bio-fertilizer of seed output and quality effect.
The development of China bio-feritlizer is very fast, but greatly mainly with traditional fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing conciliate potash fertilizer and they and organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer compound and composite be main, and high-performance bio fertilizer is as less in rhizosphere growth-promoting endophytic bacteria.At present, the industrial scale of China's bio-feritlizer is little, price is high, automatization level is low, product is unstable, can not meet the development need of the ecological agriculture far away.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is the defect existed to overcome prior art, to improve utilization rate of fertilizer, reduces fertilizer amount, improves agricultural product quality, reduces fertilising environmental pollution.
The present invention be realize goal of the invention adopt technical scheme be that a kind of production technique of bio-compound fertilizer, comprises the steps:
The preparation of a, fermentation raw material: by weight percentage by the soybean cake powder of 1.0 ~ 2.0%, 0.3 ~ 1.0% fish meal, the corn steep liquor of 1.0 ~ 3.0%, starch, the magnesium sulfate of 0.02 ~ 0.1%, calcium carbonate, 0.01 ~ 0.05% potassium primary phosphate, the grease of 0.05 ~ 0.15%, the water of 80 ~ 95% of 0.3 ~ 1.0% of 0.5 ~ 1.5%, adjust ph is 7 ~ 7.5, both fermentation raw material was obtained, for subsequent use;
B, fermentation: after the fermentation raw material of 90 ~ 98%a step and the genus bacillus of 2 ~ 10% being mixed by weight percentage, join in fermentor tank, through stirring, exerting pressure in tank, aerated culture, after 12 ~ 18 hours, obtain bacterium spore;
C, bacterium spore b step obtained obtain microbial inoculum after press filtration, drying, pulverizing, for subsequent use;
D, by weight percentage by the microbial inoculum in the step c of 5 ~ 15%, 10 ~ 30% humic acid, the grouts of 70 ~ 80%, the medium trace element of 5 ~ 15%, mixing granulation, obtains microbiobacterial agent particle;
E, by weight percentage by the microbiobacterial agent particle in the Step d of 10 ~ 30%, 20 ~ 40% urea, the diammonium phosphate of 20 ~ 40%, the potassium sulfate of 15 ~ 35%, stir, obtain bio-compound fertilizer.
Described aerated culture is: after fermentation raw material and genus bacillus mixing are added fermentor tank, start ventilation, first 3 ~ 5 hours, per minute turnover volume ratio is 1: (0.5 ~ 0.7); Latter 8 ~ 13 hours, per minute turnover volume ratio was 1: (0.8 ~ 1.5).
The speed of described stirring is 180 ~ 200 turns/min.
Described tank internal pressure 0.02 ~ 0.08MPa.
Described fermentation raw material and the cumulative volume of genus bacillus are no more than 75% of fermenter volume.
Described grease is soya-bean oil or bubble enemy.
Described press filtration is: add sorbent material in bacterium spore after, stirs 3 ~ 6 hours, and then use filter press with stirrer.
Described dry time bake out temperature≤65 DEG C, constantly stir, to bacterium spore water ratio≤5%.
Described pulverizing is pulverized for utilizing pulverizer, and bacterium spore 100% is by 0.05 ~ 0.12mm aperture sieve.
In described step c, between press filtration and drying, increase just pulverising step.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: quaternity, comprehensive nutrition, presses close to plant-growth rule.A, pollution-free, nuisanceless.The microbial inoculum that it comprises, has and accelerates organic material decomposition effect, can also improve the effect of nutrient potential in chemical fertilizer utilization ratio and activating soil simultaneously.B, scientific formulation, nutrient are complete.Bio-compound fertilizer is just containing outside the medium trace element such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium macronutrient and calcium, magnesium, sulphur, iron, boron, and also containing large amount of organic matter, humic acid material and fertilizer conservation synergistic agent, nutrient is complete, and speed is slow helps mutually, and fertilizer is balanced.Fertilizer efficiency is lasting.C, activating soil, increase fertilizer efficiency.There is the effect of assisting potential nutrients in release soil.D, low cost, high production.E, raising product quality, the harmful accumulation of reduction.Due to the dual function of activator and fertilizer conservation synergistic agent, the conversion of nitrate in farm crop can be impelled, reduce the accumulation of agricultural-food nitrate.Product features good taste, fresh keeping time are long, for shelf-stable.F, effectively improve Cultivated-land Fertility, improve fertilizer provision from soil environment.The spore exo polysaccharides that activation bacterium in bio-fertilizer is overflowed is the tackiness agent of soil aggregate, can chessom, improves preserve moisture and fertility ability, increases the soil organism.Can also soil-borne disease be suppressed, promote the propagation of beneficial rhizosphere microorganisms, promote that crop is precocious, ahead of time listing, considerable benefit.
Adopt that microbial inoculum, medium trace element, urea etc. are processed respectively, the method for physical mixed, accomplish to make the taking root of microorganism fertilizer, strong sprout, loosen the soil, press down disease, desinsection, synergy, enhancing plant life power and resistance effect.This biological compound fertilizer is easy to use, and usage is simple, is convenient to promote.
Embodiment
A production technique for bio-compound fertilizer, comprises the steps:
The preparation of a, fermentation raw material: by weight percentage by the soybean cake powder of 1.0 ~ 2.0%, 0.3 ~ 1.0% fish meal, the corn steep liquor of 1.0 ~ 3.0%, starch, the magnesium sulfate of 0.02 ~ 0.1%, calcium carbonate, 0.01 ~ 0.05% potassium primary phosphate, the grease of 0.05 ~ 0.15%, the water of 80 ~ 95% of 0.3 ~ 1.0% of 0.5 ~ 1.5%, adjust ph is 7 ~ 7.5, both fermentation raw material was obtained, for subsequent use;
B, fermentation: after the fermentation raw material of 90 ~ 98%a step and the genus bacillus of 2 ~ 10% being mixed by weight percentage, join in fermentor tank, through stirring, exerting pressure in tank, aerated culture, after 12 ~ 18 hours, obtain bacterium spore;
C, bacterium spore b step obtained obtain microbial inoculum after press filtration, drying, pulverizing, for subsequent use;
D, by weight percentage by the microbial inoculum in the step c of 5 ~ 15%, 10 ~ 30% humic acid, the grouts of 70 ~ 80%, the medium trace element of 5 ~ 15%, mixing granulation, obtains microbiobacterial agent particle;
E, by weight percentage by the microbiobacterial agent particle in the Step d of 10 ~ 30%, 20 ~ 40% urea, the diammonium phosphate of 20 ~ 40%, the potassium sulfate of 15 ~ 35%, stir, obtain bio-compound fertilizer.
Described aerated culture is: after fermentation raw material and genus bacillus mixing are added fermentor tank, start ventilation, first 3 ~ 5 hours, per minute turnover volume ratio is 1: (0.5 ~ 0.7); Latter 8 ~ 13 hours, per minute turnover volume ratio was 1: (0.8 ~ 1.5).
The speed of described stirring is 180 ~ 200 turns/min.
Described tank internal pressure 0.02 ~ 0.08MPa.
Described fermentation raw material and the cumulative volume of genus bacillus are no more than 75% of fermenter volume.
Described grease is soya-bean oil or bubble enemy.
Described press filtration is: add sorbent material in bacterium spore after, stirs 3 ~ 6 hours, and then use filter press with stirrer.
Described dry time bake out temperature≤65 DEG C, constantly stir, to bacterium spore water ratio≤5%.
Described pulverizing is pulverized for utilizing pulverizer, and bacterium spore 100% is by 0.05 ~ 0.12mm aperture sieve.
In described step c, between press filtration and drying, increase just pulverising step.
Embodiment 1
A production technique for bio-compound fertilizer, comprises the steps:
The preparation of a, fermentation raw material: by weight percentage by the soybean cake powder of 1.5%, 0.7% fish meal, the corn steep liquor of 2.0%, starch, the magnesium sulfate of 0.06%, calcium carbonate, 0.02% potassium primary phosphate, the soya-bean oil of 0.12%, the water of 94% of 0.7% of 0.9%, adjust ph is 7 ~ 7.5, both fermentation raw material was obtained, for subsequent use;
B, fermentation: after by weight percentage the fermentation raw material of 95%a step and the genus bacillus of 5% being mixed, join in fermentor tank, and the cumulative volume of fermentation raw material and genus bacillus is no more than 70% of fermenter volume.Through stirring, stirring velocity is 180 ~ 200 turns/min; Tank pressure 0.05Mpa; Aerated culture, air flow is first 4 hours, and per minute turnover volume ratio is 1: 0.6, latter 12 hours, and per minute turnover volume ratio is 1: 1.0; Ferment after 15 hours, obtain bacterium spore;
C, bacterium spore b step obtained obtain microbial inoculum after press filtration, drying, pulverizing.Wherein add in bacterium spore during press filtration granularity be the light calcium carbonate of 0.09mm as sorbent material, mechanical stirring 5 hours, and then with filter press, obtain bacterium cake; Smashed to pieces by bacterium cake time dry, be placed in dryer and dry, bake out temperature≤65 DEG C, constantly stir, to bacterium spore water ratio≤5%; During pulverizing, utilize high fine grinder to pulverize, 100%, by 0.09mm aperture sieve, obtains microbial inoculum, for subsequent use;
D, by weight percentage by the microbial inoculum in the step c of 11%, 25% humic acid, the grouts of 73%, the medium trace element of 1.0%, mixing granulation, obtains microbiobacterial agent particle;
E, by weight percentage by the microbiobacterial agent particle in the Step d of 15%, 30% urea, the diammonium phosphate of 30%, the potassium sulfate of 25%, stir, obtain bio-compound fertilizer.
Embodiment 2
A production technique for bio-compound fertilizer, wherein: fermentation raw material by weight percentage by the soybean cake powder of 1.2%, 0.5% fish meal, 1.3% corn steep liquor, 0.7% starch, 0.04% magnesium sulfate, 0.4% calcium carbonate, 0.02% potassium primary phosphate, 0.07% bubble enemy, 91.75% water.Fermentation raw material and genus bacillus are 93% and 7% to mix by weight percentage.Other processing step is identical with embodiment 1 with condition.
Embodiment 3
A production technique for bio-compound fertilizer, wherein: fermentation raw material by weight percentage by the soybean cake powder of 2.0%, 0.3% fish meal, the corn steep liquor of 1.0%, starch, the magnesium sulfate of 0.02%, calcium carbonate, 0.01% potassium primary phosphate, the soya-bean oil of 0.05%, the water of 94.82% of 0.3% of 1.5%.Fermentation raw material and genus bacillus are 90% and 10% to mix by weight percentage.Other processing step is identical with embodiment 1 with condition.
Embodiment 4
A production technique for bio-compound fertilizer, wherein: fermentation raw material by weight percentage by the soybean cake powder of 1.7%, 0.7% fish meal, 2.0% corn steep liquor, 0.6% starch, 0.04% magnesium sulfate, 0.5% calcium carbonate, 0.03% potassium primary phosphate, 0.07% bubble enemy, 94.36% water.Fermentation raw material and genus bacillus are 96% and 4% to mix by weight percentage.Other processing step is identical with embodiment 1 with condition.
Embodiment 5
A production technique for bio-compound fertilizer, wherein: fermentation raw material by weight percentage by the soybean cake powder of 2.0%, 1.0% fish meal, the corn steep liquor of 2.5%, starch, the magnesium sulfate of 0.08%, calcium carbonate, 0.03% potassium primary phosphate, the soya-bean oil of 0.12%, the water of 91.75% of 1.0% of 1.4%.Fermentation raw material and genus bacillus are 95% and 5% to mix by weight percentage.Other processing step is identical with embodiment 1 with condition.
The fertilizer efficiency field test research of the present invention on watermelon:
For examination fertilizer: bio-compound fertilizer of the present invention, product form: particle.
The key technical indexes of bio-compound fertilizer: living bacteria count>=0.2 hundred million/g, total nutrient (N+P
2o
5+ K
2o)>=28%.
Test design: test design 3 process, repeats for 4 times, randomized block design, plot area 20m
2.
Process is divided into: process 1: bio-compound fertilizer; Process 2: matrix+conventional fertilizer application; Process 3: conventional fertilizer application.
Field management: bio-compound fertilizer and matrix are used as base fertilizer, consumption 50kg/ mu, other cultivation step, field management method are all consistent.
Experimental field soil fertility is medium, is evenly distributed, and the basic fertility situation of 0 ~ 20cm topsoil soils is shown in Table 1.
Table 1 is the basic fertility situation of soil experimental field
| Test site | Organic g/kg | Alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen mg/kg | Available phosphorus mg/kg | Available potassium mg/kg |
| Great Liu village | 8.7 | 57.31 | 24.51 | 139 |
At sampling analysis watermelon products yield and quality harvesting time.
Table 2 bio-compound fertilizer is on the impact of Watermelon Fruit quality
As can be seen from Table 2, the Watermelon Fruit quality parameter of bio-compound fertilizer (process 1) is relatively best.Matrix (process 2) also has good action effect to the raising of quality of watermelon.
Table 3 bio-compound fertilizer is on the impact of the yield of watermelon
Conclusion: use bio-compound fertilizer, can improve the quality of watermelon, improves watermelon commodity and economic benefit, and can significantly improve the output of watermelon.The output of grape increases production 331kg, stimulation ratio 8.5%, obvious effect of increasing production than the mu of matrix+conventional fertilizer application; Than conventional fertilizer application mu volume increase 461kg, stimulation ratio 12.2%, obvious effect of increasing production.
The fertilizer efficiency field test of bio-compound fertilizer on pear tree
Experimental field soil fertility is medium, is evenly distributed, and the basic fertility situation of 0 ~ 20cm topsoil soils is shown in Table 4.
Table 4 is the basic fertility situation of soil experimental field
For examination fertilizer: bio-compound fertilizer of the present invention, product form: particle.The key technical indexes: living bacteria count>=0.2 hundred million/g, total nutrient (N+P
2o
5+ K
2o>=28%.
Test design: test design 3 process, repeats for 4 times, randomized block design, plot area 20m
2, process 1: bio-compound fertilizer; Process 2: matrix+conventional fertilizer application; Process 3: conventional fertilizer application.
Field management: bio-compound fertilizer and matrix are used as base fertilizer, consumption 100kg/ mu, other field management method is all consistent.
Bio-compound fertilizer is on the impact of Growth of Pear Trees amount
Table 4 bio-compound fertilizer is on the impact of pear tree shoot length and leaf characters
As can be seen from Table 4, use bio-compound fertilizer and improve Growth of Pear Trees amount, leaf area, Chlorophyll-a Content, content of chlorophyll b.Pear tree shoot length, leaf area, Chlorophyll-a Content, content of chlorophyll b are all greater than the process of matrix+conventional fertilizer application and conventional fertilizer application, the no significant difference of and matrix+between conventional fertilizer application and conventional fertilizer application.No significant difference between the process of leaf proportion.
Table 5 bio-compound fertilizer is on the impact of pear tree output
Conclusion: pear tree uses bio-compound fertilizer, improves Growth of Pear Trees amount, leaf area and chlorophyll content, significantly promotes nourishing and growing of tree body, and improves output, than using base manure+conventional fertilizer application mu volume increase 452kg, stimulation ratio 11.5%, obvious effect of increasing production; Than conventional fertilizer application mu volume increase 460kg, stimulation ratio 11.7%, obvious effect of increasing production.
Applicable cases and benefit
The research cumulative application of bio-compound fertilizer 680,000 mu, volume increase more than 10%.Wherein, wheat 400,000 mu, average yield per mu 434.5 kilograms, mu increases production 41.5 kilograms; Corn 200,000 mu, average yield per mu 484.8 kilograms, mu increases production 46.5 kilograms; 50,000 mu, cotton, average yield per mu 155.2 kilograms, mu increases production 33.4 kilograms; 20,000 mu, pear tree, average yield per mu 4493.2 kilograms, mu increases production 660.6 kilograms; Watermelon 10,000 mu, average yield per mu 4231.5 kilograms.Mu volume increase 461.5 kilograms.Total volume increase 4539.7 ten thousand kilograms, always increases income 13258.989 ten thousand yuan, and total joint props up 1,039 ten thousand yuan, total increasing economic benefit 14297.9890000 yuan.The applying of this project reaches the object of joint fertilizer, volume increase, abridged edition, synergy, and improves soil, improves agricultural product quality, achieves the unification of ecology, economic and social benefit, for agricultural sustainable development is laid a good foundation.
Claims (8)
1. a production technique for bio-compound fertilizer, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
The preparation of a, fermentation raw material: by weight percentage by the soybean cake powder of 1.0 ~ 2.0%, 0.3 ~ 1.0% fish meal, the corn steep liquor of 1.0 ~ 3.0%, starch, the magnesium sulfate of 0.02 ~ 0.1%, calcium carbonate, 0.01 ~ 0.05% potassium primary phosphate, the grease of 0.05 ~ 0.15%, the water of 80 ~ 95% of 0.3 ~ 1.0% of 0.5 ~ 1.5%, adjust ph is 7 ~ 7.5, both fermentation raw material was obtained, for subsequent use;
B, fermentation: after by weight percentage the fermentation raw material of 90 ~ 98%a step and the genus bacillus of 2 ~ 10% being mixed, join in fermentor tank, through stirring, exerting pressure in tank, aerated culture, after 12 ~ 18 hours, obtain bacterium spore, described aerated culture is: after fermentation raw material and genus bacillus mixing are added fermentor tank, start ventilation, first 3 ~ 5 hours, per minute turnover volume ratio was 1: (0.5 ~ 0.7); Latter 8 ~ 13 hours, per minute turnover volume ratio was 1: (0.8 ~ 1.5);
C, by bacterium spore obtained for b step through press filtration, drying, utilize pulverizer to pulverize, bacterium spore 100%, must microbial inoculum after pulverizing by 0.05 ~ 0.12mm aperture sieve, for subsequent use;
D, by weight percentage by the microbial inoculum in the step c of 5 ~ 15%, 10 ~ 30% humic acid, the grouts of 70 ~ 80%, the medium trace element of 5 ~ 15%, mixing granulation, obtains microbiobacterial agent particle;
E, by weight percentage by the microbiobacterial agent particle in the Step d of 10 ~ 30%, 20 ~ 40% urea, the diammonium phosphate of 20 ~ 40%, the potassium sulfate of 15 ~ 35%, stir, obtain bio-compound fertilizer.
2. the production technique of a kind of bio-compound fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the speed of described stirring is 180 ~ 200 turns/min.
3. the production technique of a kind of bio-compound fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described tank internal pressure 0.02 ~ 0.08MPa.
4. the production technique of a kind of bio-compound fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described fermentation raw material and the cumulative volume of genus bacillus are no more than 75% of fermenter volume.
5. the production technique of a kind of bio-compound fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described grease is soya-bean oil or bubble enemy.
6. the production technique of a kind of bio-compound fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described press filtration is: add sorbent material in bacterium spore after, stirs 3 ~ 6 hours, and then use filter press with stirrer.
7. the production technique of a kind of bio-compound fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described dry time bake out temperature≤65 DEG C, constantly stir, to bacterium spore water ratio≤5%.
8. the production technique of a kind of bio-compound fertilizer according to claim 6, is characterized in that: in described step c, increases just pulverising step between press filtration and drying.
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| CN107840698A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-03-27 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | Oil base phosphate fertilizer for improveing salt-soda soil and preparation method thereof |
| CN109956780A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2019-07-02 | 郴州市通源生物科技有限公司 | A kind of purification compound fertilizer and its preparation method and application |
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| WO2008155514A2 (en) * | 2007-06-20 | 2008-12-24 | Ultra Biotech Limited | Microbial formulation and method of using the same promote plant growth |
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