CN103288505A - Non-auxiliary material sludge composting method - Google Patents

Non-auxiliary material sludge composting method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103288505A
CN103288505A CN2013101582202A CN201310158220A CN103288505A CN 103288505 A CN103288505 A CN 103288505A CN 2013101582202 A CN2013101582202 A CN 2013101582202A CN 201310158220 A CN201310158220 A CN 201310158220A CN 103288505 A CN103288505 A CN 103288505A
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composting
sludge
auxiliary material
compost
sludge composting
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CN103288505B (en
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张淑娟
江纪修
张旭兰
谢子钊
林亲铁
黄柳祯
冀建平
杨伯杰
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Sun Yat Sen University
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Sun Yat Sen University
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a non-auxiliary material sludge composting method. The method provided by the invention is composed of the following steps: cultivating indigenous microorganisms which are extracted from compost sludge at different temperatures, obtaining a leavening agent special for sludge compost, inoculating the microorganisms into sludge at corresponding temperature sections for adapting microorganisms in the leavening agent to the environment of compost sludge in a short period of time, rapidly breeding the microorganisms, thereby rapidly starting the compost, and rapidly decomposing the compost body with stable quality of the compost product, and realizing non-auxiliary material sludge composting. The non-auxiliary material sludge composting method has the advantages of long continuous time of high temperature, and harmless treatment of the compost. The composting method does not need auxiliary materials and simplifies the composting technology, and saves the composting cost, and the composting production environment is cleaner.

Description

A kind of no auxiliary material sludge composting method
Technical field
The invention belongs to the compost treatment technical field, particularly a kind of no auxiliary material sludge composting method.
Background technology
Compost is to utilize microorganisms such as the extensive bacterium that exists of nature, actinomycetes, fungi, promote that controlledly biodegradable organism is to the microbiological process of stable class soil ulmin biochemical conversion in the solid waste, under certain temperature, humidity, carbon-nitrogen ratio, oxygen level, pH value condition, make organism generation biochemical degradation, form a kind of material of similar humus soil.
Mud is the product after the sewage disposal, is a kind of heterogeneous body of the complexity of being made up of organic relic, bacterium thalline, inorganic particle, colloid etc.Its main characteristic is water ratio height (can up to more than 99%), and the organic content height is degenerated smellyly easily, and particle is thinner, and proportion is less, is gluey liquid.
Along with the high speed development of sewage treatment industry, the generation of mud is increasing, and the handling problems of mud is but shelved for a long time, and the secondary pollution problem day that causes mud to cause shows outstanding, and the safe disposal problem of mud is urgent day by day.Than muds such as landfill, burnings, compost treatment can realize the recycling of mud, is the most promising method for sludge treatment.But because the characteristic of mud uniqueness, present sludge composting technology all needs to add a large amount of auxiliary material (the auxiliary material addition is about the 40%-50% of sludge quality), the effect of auxiliary material is features such as the water ratio of regulating compost material, structure, carbon-nitrogen ratio, be beneficial to the compost fermentation that heats up smoothly, killing pathogenic bacteria, realize the innoxious of mud, the heap body is become thoroughly decomposed, its common title has weighting agent, additive, amendment etc., and auxiliary material commonly used has wood chip, agricultural crop straw, wheat bran, mushroom slag, greening waste, Herba Eichhorniae, flyash etc.Adding auxiliary material makes composting process increase the operation that batch mixing stirs on the one hand, need corresponding equipment and energy consumption, buy auxiliary material on the other hand and need a large amount of fund and freight charges, the cost of these auxiliary materials rises year by year in recent years, it is also limited to originate, cause the compost cost to increase, limited the development of sludge composting technology.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to provides a kind of no auxiliary material sludge composting method at having the difficult problem that the sludge composting Technology Need adds a large amount of auxiliary materials now.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of no auxiliary material sludge composting method may further comprise the steps:
1) preparation of sludge composting special leaven: in the composting process, in 10-75 ℃ of scope, get the mud sample of differing temps, add physiological saline respectively, get filtrate after the concussion, filtrate is placed nutritional medium, cultivate 48-72h obtaining under the corresponding temperature of mud respectively, obtain the sludge composting special leaven;
2) no auxiliary material sludge composting: mud is carried out pre-treatment, make its water ratio be down to 40-65wt%, seed sludge compost special leaven composting 15-25 days, namely gets matured compost.
Preferably, the volume ratio of described filtrate and nutritional medium is (0.1-0.2): 1.
Preferably, the living bacteria count of described sludge composting special leaven is 4 * 10 8-6.5 * 10 8CFU/ml.
Preferably, step 2) in, in composting process, differing temps section inoculation corresponding temperature is cultivated the sludge composting special leaven that obtains.
Preferably, in 10-75 ℃ of temperature range, 15-25 ℃ of inoculation corresponding temperature cultivated the sludge composting special leaven that obtains at interval.
Preferably, the add-on of sludge composting special leaven is for handling the 0.1-0.5wt% of sludge quantity.
Preferably, step 2) in, make heap body oxygen level remain on 5-15v/v% in the composting process.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The indigenous microorganism that the present invention will extract from differing temps compost mud is cultivated, obtain the sludge composting special leaven, temperature section in correspondence is inoculated in mud with it then, microorganism in the starter can adapt to the environment of compost mud within a short period of time, and breeding fast starts compost, the organic degraded fast of windrow, heap body quick composting, and composting production steady quality have been realized no auxiliary material sludge composting.The starter of high temperature section preparation is inoculated in compost mud, can make heap height temperature longer duration, and effectively killing pathogenic bacteria reduces the generation of foul smell in the composting process.Compost method of the present invention has been simplified composting process, and has been saved the compost cost owing to need not add auxiliary material, and the compost production environment cleans very much.
Embodiment
The tradition composting mode normally adds the fermenting agent of artificial culture in the mud, the special microbial inoculum of artificial culture has characteristics such as breeding is fast, active by force, decomposing organic matter is rapid, but also there is the artificial contained microbe species limited amount of microbiobacterial agent that adds, decompose problems such as object and capacity of decomposition there are differences, cause the compost effect of different microbial inoculums mud of the same race and the different mud of microbial inoculum of the same race obviously different.And studies show that, single bacterium, fungi, actinomycetes colony, no matter how high its activity is, and the effect in accelerating the composting process is all less than the acting in conjunction of multiple microbial population.In addition, because the organic matter fraction of mud material there are differences, corresponding microbial population and suitable temperature thereof are also different.The fermenting agent in foreign bacteria source adds in the mud, and it is folded to be easy to generate ecological niche as foreign bacteria and indigenous microorganism, and adaptability and competitive power are not as indigenous microorganism.
Composting process is the dynamic process of being realized by the very fast a plurality of microbial population actings in conjunction of structure of community succession, microbial population utilizes available organic compound in the mud to carry out the metabolic activity of self, thereby biodegradable organism is transformed to stable soil ulmin, and emit energy, make and pile the body heat production.Along with the variation of heap temperature, the part microbic activity increases, and other microorganisms then are suppressed, and the succession phenomenon of population takes place.At the compost initial stage, leading microorganism comprises fungi, bacterium and actinomycetes to have a liking for the warm nature microorganism, and mainly decomposing substrate is more labile organism such as carbohydrate, starch based.The heap body rises to certain temperature, has a liking for warm microorganism and is suppressed, and thermophilic microorganism rises to leading microorganism, and organism such as beginnings such as hemicellulose, Mierocrystalline cellulose and protein complicated in the compost are decomposed strongly.
The present invention considers above-mentioned factor, from composting process, extract indigenous microorganism in the mud of differing temps, obtain the sludge composting special leaven through cultivating, the differing temps section at sludge composting drops into the special leaven that corresponding temperature is cultivated then, does not have the auxiliary material compost.Special source, culture condition and the addition means of this starter, make its micropopulation physical efficiency adapt to the environment of compost mud within a short period of time, breeding fast, and promote rapidly to ferment, organic decomposition is played a role, and at the hot stage longer duration, effectively killing pathogenic bacteria realizes the harmless treatment of heap body.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of no auxiliary material sludge composting method may further comprise the steps:
1) preparation of sludge composting special leaven: in the composting process, in 10-75 ℃ of scope, get the mud sample of differing temps, add physiological saline respectively, get filtrate after the concussion, filtrate is placed nutritional medium, cultivate 48-72h obtaining under the corresponding temperature of mud respectively, obtain the sludge composting special leaven;
2) no auxiliary material sludge composting: mud is carried out pre-treatment, make its water ratio be down to 40-65wt%, seed sludge compost special leaven composting 15-25 days, namely gets matured compost.
The present invention is used for extracting the compost mud that indigenous microorganism prepares the sludge composting special leaven, is the mud of ordinary method compost, or is the mud in the no auxiliary material composting process.
In the step 1), produce filtrate with physiological saline from mud, certainly, according to common practise, also available other damping fluids extract.Preferably, the weightmeasurement ratio of mud sample and physiological saline (g/ml) is 1:8-30, and the concussion time is 1.5-5h.Preferably, the volume ratio of described filtrate and nutritional medium is (0.1-0.2): 1.
The living bacteria count of sludge composting special leaven is 4 * 10 8-6.5 * 10 8CFU/ml is preferably 4.6 * 10 8-6.5 * 10 8CFU/ml.
Step 2) in, mud is carried out pre-treatment, make its water ratio be down to 40-65wt%, be preferably 45-60%.Sludge pre-treatment method can be dehydration, oven dry, airing, the backflow of compost finished product etc.
Step 2) in, in composting process, differing temps section inoculation corresponding temperature is cultivated the sludge composting special leaven that obtains.Preferably, in 10-75 ℃ of temperature range, 15-25 ℃ of inoculation corresponding temperature cultivated the sludge composting special leaven that obtains at interval.
Preferably, the add-on of sludge composting special leaven is for handling the 0.1-0.5wt% of sludge quantity.
Preferably, step 2) in, make heap body oxygen level remain on 5-15v/v% in the composting process.Method of ventilation can adopt blower fan to carry out forced ventilation, the method that also can adopt machinery or artificial turning to ventilate.
The consisting of of used nutritional medium in following examples: glucose 0.01-0.04g/ml, extractum carnis 0.005-0.02g/ml, peptone 0.005-0.02g/ml, NaCl 0.005-0.01g/ml, agar 0.015-0.025g/ml, surplus are distilled water, and pH is 7.0-7.8.Certainly, those skilled in the art also can adopt the nutritional medium of other kinds to come the enrichment culture indigenous microorganism.
Embodiment 1
1) preparation of sludge composting special leaven 1#: in the sludge composting process, when the mud temperature is 10 ℃, get an amount of mud, add physiological saline, the weightmeasurement ratio of mud and physiological saline (g/ml) is 1:16, gets filtrate behind the concussion 5h, filtrate is placed nutritional medium, behind 10 ℃ of cultivation 63h, obtain sludge composting special leaven 1#, living bacteria count is 6.2 * 10 8CFU/ml;
The preparation of sludge composting special leaven 2#: in the sludge composting process, when the mud temperature is 35 ℃, get an amount of mud, add physiological saline, the weightmeasurement ratio of mud and physiological saline (g/ml) is 1:20, gets filtrate behind the concussion 4h, filtrate is placed nutritional medium, behind 35 ℃ of cultivation 48h, obtain sludge composting special leaven 2#, living bacteria count is 4.6 * 10 8CFU/ml;
The preparation of sludge composting special leaven 3#: in the sludge composting process, when the mud temperature rises to 55 ℃, get an amount of mud, add physiological saline, the weightmeasurement ratio of mud and physiological saline (g/ml) is 1:25, gets filtrate behind the concussion 3h, filtrate is placed nutritional medium, behind 55 ℃ of cultivation 50h, obtain sludge composting special leaven 3#, living bacteria count is 5.7 * 10 8CFU/ml;
The preparation of sludge composting special leaven 4#: in the sludge composting process, when the mud temperature rises to 70 ℃, get an amount of mud, add physiological saline, the weightmeasurement ratio of mud and physiological saline (g/ml) is 1:18, gets filtrate behind the concussion 3.5h, filtrate is placed nutritional medium, behind 70 ℃ of cultivation 72h, obtain sludge composting special leaven 4#, living bacteria count is 5.3 * 10 8CFU/ml;
2) no auxiliary material sludge composting: the mode that mud is adopted processed, make moisture percentage in sewage sludge drop to 65%, mud is piled the bar buttress, at 10 ℃, 35 ℃, 55 ℃, 70 ℃ differing temps sections difference seed sludge compost special leaven 1#, 2#, 3#, 4#, mix, inoculum size is for handling the 0.1-0.5wt% of sludge quantity; Adopt blower fan to carry out forced ventilation in the composting process, make the oxygen level in the composting process be held in 5%-15%, composting obtained matured compost after 25 days altogether, wherein pile body more than 55 ℃ temperature duration be 7 days.
To the matured compost sample detecting, the matured compost organic matter is that 26.8%, TN is that 1.78%, TP is that 2.31%, TK is 0.96%.
Embodiment 2
1) with the method for embodiment 1, cultivates at 25 ℃, 40 ℃, 55 ℃, 75 ℃ respectively and obtain sludge composting special leaven 5#, 6#, 7#, 8#;
2) no auxiliary material sludge composting: the mode that mud is adopted the feed back of becoming thoroughly decomposed, make moisture percentage in sewage sludge drop to 55%, mud is sent into the compost groove, at 25 ℃, 40 ℃, 55 ℃, 75 ℃ differing temps sections difference seed sludge compost special leaven 5#, 6#, 7#, 8#, mix, inoculum size is for handling the 0.1-0.5wt% of sludge quantity; The form that composting process adopts machinery to turn over throwing is ventilated, and makes the oxygen level in the composting process be held in 5%-15%, and composting obtained matured compost after 18 days altogether, wherein pile body more than 55 ℃ temperature duration be 6 days.
To the matured compost sample detecting, the matured compost organic matter is that 31.8%, TN is that 1.89%, TP is that 2.15%, TK is 0.98%.
Embodiment 3
1) with the method for embodiment 1, cultivates at 35 ℃, 50 ℃, 70 ℃ respectively and obtain sludge composting special leaven 9#, 10#, 11#;
2) no auxiliary material sludge composting: the mode that mud is adopted dehydration, make moisture percentage in sewage sludge drop to 45%, mud is sent into the compost groove, at 35 ℃, 50 ℃, 70 ℃ differing temps sections difference seed sludge compost special leaven 9#, 10#, 11#, mix, inoculum size is for handling the 0.1-0.5wt% of sludge quantity; Composting process adopts the blower fan forced ventilation to add that the auxiliary form of mechanical turning ventilates, and makes the oxygen level in the composting process be held in 5%-15%, and composting obtained matured compost after 15 days altogether, wherein pile body more than 55 ℃ temperature duration be 6 days.The matured compost product also can further be processed into different varieties according to market demand.
To the matured compost sample detecting, the matured compost organic matter is that 29.7%, TN is that 1.21%, TP is that 2.52%, TK is 1.32%.
From above-described embodiment as seen, compost special leaven of the present invention is inoculated in mud at the temperature section of correspondence, need not to add auxiliary material, can start compost fast, windrow organic matter degradation speed is fast, and the compost time shortens dramatically, the composting production steady quality; And heap height temperature longer duration, effectively killing pathogenic bacteria reduces the generation of foul smell in the composting process.Because compost method of the present invention need not add auxiliary material, has simplified composting process, and has saved the compost cost, the compost production environment cleans very much.

Claims (7)

1. no auxiliary material sludge composting method may further comprise the steps:
1) preparation of sludge composting special leaven: in the composting process, in 10-75 ℃ of scope, get the mud sample of differing temps, add physiological saline respectively, get filtrate after the concussion, filtrate is placed nutritional medium, cultivate 48-72h obtaining under the corresponding temperature of mud respectively, obtain the sludge composting special leaven;
2) no auxiliary material sludge composting: mud is carried out pre-treatment, make its water ratio be down to 40-65wt%, seed sludge compost special leaven composting 15-25 days, namely gets matured compost.
2. no auxiliary material sludge composting method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the volume ratio of described filtrate and nutritional medium is (0.1-0.2): 1.
3. no auxiliary material sludge composting method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the living bacteria count of described sludge composting special leaven is 4 * 10 8-6.5 * 10 8CFU/ml.
4. no auxiliary material sludge composting method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: step 2) in, in composting process, differing temps section inoculation corresponding temperature is cultivated the sludge composting special leaven that obtains.
5. no auxiliary material sludge composting method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: in 10-75 ℃ of temperature range, inoculate the sludge composting special leaven that corresponding temperature is cultivated acquisition for 15-25 ℃ at interval.
6. according to claim 1,4 or 5 any described no auxiliary material sludge composting methods, it is characterized in that: the add-on of sludge composting special leaven is for handling the 0.1-0.5wt% of sludge quantity.
7. no auxiliary material sludge composting method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: step 2) in, make heap body oxygen level remain on 5-15v/v% in the composting process.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106905006A (en) * 2017-02-23 2017-06-30 华南理工大学 A kind of method for carrying out sludge aerobic compost using high temperature bacterium and white-rot fungi synergy

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CN101774835A (en) * 2009-12-25 2010-07-14 中山大学 Composting material composition and composting method
CN102286379A (en) * 2011-07-28 2011-12-21 中山大学 Method for extracting pannonibacter phragmitetus from sludge

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003039098A (en) * 2001-07-31 2003-02-12 Toray Ind Inc Acclimation method for microorganisms and sludge volume reduction method using the same
CN101774835A (en) * 2009-12-25 2010-07-14 中山大学 Composting material composition and composting method
CN102286379A (en) * 2011-07-28 2011-12-21 中山大学 Method for extracting pannonibacter phragmitetus from sludge

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王春铭等: "城市污泥堆肥过程中微生物研究", 《生态环境》 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106905006A (en) * 2017-02-23 2017-06-30 华南理工大学 A kind of method for carrying out sludge aerobic compost using high temperature bacterium and white-rot fungi synergy

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