CN103284009A - Briquetted feedstuff for alleviating transport stress of feeder cattle and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Briquetted feedstuff for alleviating transport stress of feeder cattle and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103284009A CN103284009A CN2013102393674A CN201310239367A CN103284009A CN 103284009 A CN103284009 A CN 103284009A CN 2013102393674 A CN2013102393674 A CN 2013102393674A CN 201310239367 A CN201310239367 A CN 201310239367A CN 103284009 A CN103284009 A CN 103284009A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
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Abstract
The invention provides a briquetted feedstuff which is comprehensive in nutrition and convenient to carry and used for alleviating transport stress of feeder cattle and a preparation method thereof. The briquetted feedstuff for alleviating transport stress of feeder cattle comprises 10wt%-70wt% of green hay, 10wt%-70wt% of crop stalk, 19.5wt%-55wt% of feeder cattle concentrated food supplemental feed, and 0.5wt%-5wt% of premix. The briquetted feedstuff for alleviating transport stress of feeder cattle is small in size, comprehensive in nutrition, and convenient to carry. By adopting the feedstuff, the problems that in long-distant transport of the feeder cattle, forage grass and feedstuff are difficult to carry, nutrient substances are difficult to supplement can be effectively solved, stress reaction on the feeder cattle caused by long-distance transport is effectively reduced, the immunity and subsequent growth performance of the cattle after the transport are improved, and the culture benefit is obviously increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of feeder cattle feed and preparation method thereof, especially a kind of feeder cattle transport stress briquette feed and preparation method thereof that slows down.
Background technology
The notable feature of modern animal husbandry is the scale of aquaculture, intensive, specialization and sequencing, its objective is with the cost of minimum and realizes maximum benefit." change places and fatten " (crying " fatten in the strange land " again) be the principal character of the modern beef raising of China, be embodied in northeast and west area and become the main breeding base of beef cattle and the Niu Yuan base of feeder cattle, the producing region, Central Plains becomes main base and the beef producing region of fattening, and the beef ox fattening culturing area rapidly south the area shift.
Because specialization, scale and the compartmentalization trend of China's livestock-raising, and Chinese have the custom of the fresh and alive food of happiness food, the poultry commercialization production and transport and introduce a fine variety and transport the necessary link that becomes aquaculture of living.In addition, along with the development of opening with global economic integration progress, transnational transportation is introduced a fine variety also more and more general.In the beef cattle production, the feeder cattle transportation is the important step in the beef cattle production, often bring multiple pessimal stimulation to domestic animal, and wherein many pessimal stimulations often all is long duration of action.In view of stress reaction has a strong impact on animal health and welfare, finally influence modern animal husbandry productivity effect, therefore reduce animal and stress become important problem in science and social concern in the modern animal husbandry production.
Transport stress refers to that in transit fasting/limit is raised, limit drink, mixes the group, crowded, temperature, humidity, jolt, under the comprehensive function of stressors such as noise, fatigue, psychological pressure, the physiological adaptation reaction that animal body produces and pathology variation.Transport stress causes nutrition, the moisture in the body to consume in a large number, finally causes body weight loss, immunity reduction, the reduction of livestock products quality etc.; Transport stress is the strong inducement of disease transmission simultaneously, causes drove morbidity and the death rate significantly to increase.Cause beef cattle to lose about 10% body weight as long-distance transport, transportation back appetite need to recover the time in 1-2 week.Along with the scale of China's livestock breeding industry and the further acceleration of specialized process; stress problem will become increasingly conspicuous in the production and transport process; the shortage of daily ration and potable water supply constitutes important stressor in the animal transport, causes reduction and the loss of body weight and the reduction of immunologic function of appetite.Transport stress directly causes the reduction of the weight of animals, and carcass weight descends.
Along with to animal nutrition and further investigation that stress control technique, people have carried out big quantity research aspect cattle feed, feed addictive in recent years.Be the Chinese invention patent of CN101990995 as publication number, disclose a kind of feeder cattle and fattened concentrated feed, being made up of corn flour, detoxification cotton protein, soya-bean cake, grease, bone meal, cellulose complex enzyme, carbohydrase, salt, sodium bicarbonate, is 70%, 20%, 5%, 1%, 1.2%, 1%, 0.5%, 0.8%, 0.5% respectively by weight.Use this fine fodder, the beef cattle daily gain improves more than 20%, and economic benefit improves more than 25%.
Publication number is the Chinese invention patent of CN101190003, a kind of high-efficiency activated feedstuff additive product is provided, and its composition comprises active hay bacillus, active yeast, active plant lactobacillus bacterium, 1,4 beta-glucanase, zytase, cellulase and amylase.This feed addictive can improve the microecological balance of intestine of ruminants, improves efficiency of feed utilization, improves milk production of cow, improves the quality of milk, improves the milk cow body immunity, reduces intestines problem, purifies feeding environment.
Publication number is the Chinese invention patent of CN102511687A, discloses a kind of Chinese herbal medicine composite feed additive for the recovery of beef cattle transport stress.Said preparation comprises Divine Comedy, hawthorn, astragalus polyose, active dry yeasr, niacinamide, vitamin C, vitamin E, zinc sulfate, potassium chloride, ammonium chloride, magnesia.This Chinese herbal medicine composite feed additive for cattle feed behind the transport stress, promotes that the beef cattle behind the transport stress is replenished electrolyte, trace element and vitamin as early as possible, has the body of improvement ore deposit, improves the effect of digestive function and immunity.Its shortcoming be can not to cut off the water supply in transit, fracture stress control ox, but be applied in the convalescence after taking place behind the transport stress.
Publication number is the Chinese invention patent of CN102138652A, discloses a kind of beef cattle full-valence pellet feed and preparation method thereof.Affiliated beef cattle full-valence pellet feed comprises wheat husk, brewex's grains, malt root, inferior powder, soybean skin, palm kernel meal, molasses, urea, premix, bentonite.This beef cattle full-valence pellet feed nutrient balance, energy content is suitable, fast growth, dry digestibility height, good palatability, and also moisture is low, is easy to transportation and stores.Can be used for the raising of grow-finish phase beef cattle and fatten, be not used in and kind use ox, can reduce the production cost of beef cattle, improve the fattening benefit of beef cattle, improve the production efficiency of beef cattle.
Publication number is the Chinese invention patent of CN101385514A, a kind of efficient full-day cubed feed for barn feeding cattle and production method thereof are disclosed, be by 37%～60% pulverizing or the disconnected forage grass of hand hay cutter, 38%～60% drylot feeding ox beneficiated burden material complemental feed and 2%～3% bentonite are in stirrer for mixing, control product moisture content gets final product the raw material compression moulding in ring mould cuber that configures in 14% at last.The patented product is applicable to drylot feeding ox efficient full-day cubed feed, is unwell to the delivery period feeder cattle.
The shortcoming of above-mentioned feed is, is primarily aimed at the complete feed that fattening period beef cattle and drylot feeding beef cattle are used, be unwell to the delivery period ox only.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of slow down feeder cattle transport stress usefulness, comprehensive nutrition, be convenient for carrying slow down the feeder cattle transport stress with briquette feed and preparation method thereof.
That realizes one of the object of the invention slows down feeder cattle transport stress briquette feed, comprises green hay 10wt%～70wt%, stalk 10wt%～70wt%, feeder cattle beneficiated burden material complemental feed 19.5wt%～55wt%, premix 0.5wt%～5wt%.
Described green hay is air-dry clover or one or both the combination in the sheep's hay.
Described stalk is one or more the combination in corn stalk, wheat straw, straw or the millet straw.
Described feeder cattle beneficiated burden material complemental feed is to be formed by the total weight percent configuration of following raw material by the feeder cattle beneficiated burden material complemental feed:
Cereal seed: 50%～80%; Bran: 5%～25%; Grouts: 5%～30%; Mineral feed: 0.1%～3%.
Described cereal seed is one or more the combination in corn, barley, wheat or the oat.
Described bran is one or more the combination in spleen, rice bran, wheat bran or the maize peel.
Described grouts are one or more the combination in dregs of beans, the dish dregs of rice, cotton dregs, sesame seed meal or the peanut meal.
Described mineral feed is one or more the combination in salt, stone flour, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, calcium dihydrogen phosphate or the calcium phosphate.
Described premix comprises VA60～20000IU/kg, VD
330～800IU/kg, VE400～4000mg/kg, iron 6～30g/kg, manganese 0.6～24g/kg, zinc 0.6～23g/kg.
Realize the object of the invention two slow down the feeder cattle transport stress with the preparation method of briquette feed, comprise the steps:
(1) hand hay cutter is cut: cutting up with a hay cutter green hay, stalk disconnected is 1～3cm,
(2) mix: according to green hay 10wt%～70wt%, stalk 10wt%～70wt%, feeder cattle beneficiated burden material complemental feed 19.5wt%～55wt%, the ratio of premix 0.5wt%～5wt% is mixed
(3) briquetting: with the feed compression moulding in stalk block making machine that configures, cool off, dry, pack is stored.
The feeder cattle transport stress that slows down of the present invention uses the beneficial effect of briquette feed as follows:
The feeder cattle transport stress briquette feed that slows down of the present invention, little, the comprehensive nutrition of volume, be easy to carry, can effectively solve the problem that forage grass and feed in the feeder cattle long-distance transport is difficult to carry, nutriment is difficult to replenish, effectively reduce long-distance transport to the stress reaction of feeder cattle, improve transportation back ox immunity and follow-up growth performance only, obviously increase culture benefit.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Percentage composition is got and is pulverized or cut up with a hay cutter short air-dry clover 10wt% by weight, sheep's hay 20wt%, corn stalk 30wt%, feeder cattle beneficiated burden material complemental feed 38wt% (corn 65wt% wherein, cotton dregs 10wt%, sesame seed meal wt4%, wheat bran 20wt%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 0.5wt%, stone flour 0.5wt%), premix 2wt%(is VA1000IU/kg wherein, VD
3100IU/kg, VE1000mg/kg, iron 6g/kg, manganese 3g/kg, zinc 3g/kg), fully mix, be pressed into the briquette feed of 3cm * 3cm with stalk block making machine.
Embodiment 2
Percentage composition is got and is pulverized or cut up with a hay cutter short air-dry clover 15wt%, sheep's hay 15wt%, wheat straw 13wt% by weight, feeder cattle beneficiated burden material complemental feed 55wt% (barley 80wt% wherein, dish dregs of rice 4wt%, peanut meal 1wt%, go into spleen 12wt%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 1wt%, stone flour 0.5wt%, salt 0.5wt%, calcium phosphate 0.5wt%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5wt%), premix 2wt%(is VA60IU/kg wherein, VD
330IU/kg, VE400mg/kg, iron 30g/kg, manganese 8g/kg, zinc 4g/kg), fully mix, be pressed into the briquette feed of 3cm * 3cm with stalk block making machine.
Embodiment 3
Percentage composition is got and is pulverized or cut up with a hay cutter short air-dry clover 25wt% by weight, sheep's hay 15wt%, straw 10wt%, feeder cattle beneficiated burden material complemental feed 45wt% (wheat 50wt% wherein, dregs of beans 25wt%, sesame seed meal 5wt%, rice bran 19wt%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 0.5wt%, salt 0.5wt%), premix 5wt%(is VA20000IU/kg wherein, VD
3800IU/kg, VE600mg/kg, iron 8g/kg, manganese 0.6g/kg, zinc 0.6g/kg), fully mix, be pressed into the briquette feed of 3cm * 3cm with stalk block making machine.
Embodiment 4
Percentage composition is got and is pulverized or cut up with a hay cutter short air-dry clover 40wt% by weight, sheep's hay 30wt%, millet straw 10wt%, feeder cattle beneficiated burden material complemental feed 19.5wt% (oat 79.9wt% wherein, cotton dregs 10wt%, sesame seed meal 5wt%, maize peel 5wt%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 0.1wt%), premix 0.5wt%(is VA400IU/kg wherein, VD
350IU/kg, VE4000mg/kg, iron 15g/kg, manganese 24g/kg, zinc 23g/kg), fully mix, be pressed into the briquette feed of 3cm * 3cm with stalk block making machine.
Embodiment 5
Percentage composition is got and is pulverized or cut up with a hay cutter short air-dry clover 5wt% by weight, sheep's hay 5wt%, corn stalk 40wt%, wheat straw 30wt%, feeder cattle beneficiated burden material complemental feed 19.5wt% (corn 65wt% wherein, cotton dregs 10wt%, sesame seed meal 4wt%, wheat bran 20wt%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 0.5wt%, stone flour 0.5wt%), premix 0.5wt%(is VA1000IU/kg wherein, VD
3100IU/kg, VE900mg/kg, iron 10g/kg, manganese 10g/kg, zinc 10g/kg), fully mix, be pressed into the briquette feed of 3cm * 3cm with stalk block making machine.
Application test
On June 20th, 2012, in Baoding, Hebei province beef cattle plant, 30 of the feeder cattles of the healthy no disease of selection, body weight 250～300kg.Be divided into 5 groups at random, 6 every group, in June 20 20:00 to June 22 08:00 transport for long-distance, transport mileage is 1300 kilometers.The I～IV group beef cattle is feed the respectively briquette feed 2kg/ head of embodiment 1～4 preparation of every 12h in transit, and the V group is supplement feed not in transit.All oxen only every 12h drink water once, each 3L/ head.Unified feeding and management measure is adopted in the feeder cattle transportation back that finishes, and transportation every the ox that finishes into behind the hurdle is only injected penicillin 4,800,000 units, 1 of streptomysin, and drinking-water again behind the rest 2h, every ox 5L carries out moisturizing second time 10L behind 3～4h, freely drink water gradually later on.The roughage (maize straw) of feeding after the drinking-water is at every turn fed amount 2kg/ time, and feeder cattle is fattened with common concentrated feed 0.5kg/ time; Transportation back 2d, concentrated feed increases to 1kg/ time, and after this 5kg/ time+maize straw of corn silage 2kg/ time increases fine fodder and ensilage scale of feeding gradually to normal level.
Before having measured the transportation of every group of feeder cattle respectively, transportation arrives and transportation 14d after body weight, body weight and daily gain result of variations are seen an ox body weight and situation of change table before and after the transportation:
Conclusion (of pressure testing):
Data shown in the last table can find out obviously that the I-IV group feeder cattle transportation back loss of weight all is lower than the V group, and transportation arrives back 14d, and the daily gain of feeder cattle also significantly is higher than the V group, and culture benefit will be significantly better than the group.Replenishing briquette feed in transit can significantly improve ox and only transport the back growth performance.
Embodiment recited above is described preferred embodiment of the present invention; be not that scope of the present invention is limited; design under the spiritual prerequisite not breaking away from the present invention; various distortion and improvement that the common engineers and technicians in this area make technical solution of the present invention all should fall in the definite protection domain of claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. one kind is slowed down feeder cattle transport stress briquette feed, comprises green hay 10wt%～70wt%, stalk 10wt%～70wt%, feeder cattle beneficiated burden material complemental feed 19.5wt%～55wt%, premix 0.5wt%～5wt%.
2. the feeder cattle transport stress briquette feed that slows down according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described green hay is air-dry clover or one or both the combination in the sheep's hay.
3. the feeder cattle transport stress briquette feed that slows down according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described stalk is one or more the combination in corn stalk, wheat straw, straw or the millet straw.
4. the feeder cattle transport stress briquette feed that slows down according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described feeder cattle beneficiated burden material complemental feed is to be formed by the total weight percent configuration of following raw material by the feeder cattle beneficiated burden material complemental feed:
Cereal seed: 50%～80%; Bran: 5%～25%; Grouts: 5%～30%; Mineral feed: 0.1%～3%.
5. the feeder cattle transport stress briquette feed that slows down according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described cereal seed is one or more the combination in corn, barley, wheat or the oat.
6. the feeder cattle transport stress briquette feed that slows down according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described bran is one or more the combination in spleen, rice bran, wheat bran or the maize peel.
7. the feeder cattle transport stress briquette feed that slows down according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described grouts are one or more the combination in dregs of beans, the dish dregs of rice, cotton dregs, sesame seed meal or the peanut meal.
8. the feeder cattle transport stress briquette feed that slows down according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described mineral feed is one or more the combination in salt, stone flour, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, calcium dihydrogen phosphate or the calcium phosphate.
9. the feeder cattle transport stress briquette feed that slows down according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described premix comprises VA60～20000IU/kg, VD330～800IU/kg, VE400～4000mg/kg, iron 6～30g/kg, manganese 0.6～24g/kg, zinc 0.6～23g/kg.
10. the arbitrary described feeder cattle transport stress that slows down of claim 1～9 comprises the steps: with the preparation method of briquette feed
(1) hand hay cutter is cut: cutting up with a hay cutter green hay, stalk disconnected is 1～3cm;
(2) mix: according to green hay 10wt%～70wt%, stalk 10wt%～70wt%, feeder cattle beneficiated burden material complemental feed 19.5wt%～55wt%, the ratio of premix 0.5wt%～5wt% is mixed;
(3) briquetting: with the feed compression moulding in stalk block making machine that configures, cool off, dry, pack is stored.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103719549A (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2014-04-16 | 龙海生 | Animal feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN104322863A (en) * | 2013-12-01 | 2015-02-04 | 黄小莲 | Beef feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN105230979A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2016-01-13 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Feed formula for feeder cattle at a recovery stage of flattening after field changing, and application thereof |
| CN107259176A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-10-20 | 广汉隆达饲料有限公司 | Fowl pecks brick |
| CN109105643A (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2019-01-01 | 西藏农牧学院 | A kind of preparation for processing that ruminant domestic animal TMR glutinous rice balls are dry |
| CN109258922A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-01-25 | 福海县九州农业发展有限公司 | A kind of full-time grain fodder and preparation method thereof |
| CN110731311A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-01-31 | 河南科技学院 | shelf cattle transportation anti-stress scheme |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104322863A (en) * | 2013-12-01 | 2015-02-04 | 黄小莲 | Beef feed and preparation method thereof |
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| CN107259176A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-10-20 | 广汉隆达饲料有限公司 | Fowl pecks brick |
| CN109105643A (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2019-01-01 | 西藏农牧学院 | A kind of preparation for processing that ruminant domestic animal TMR glutinous rice balls are dry |
| CN109258922A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-01-25 | 福海县九州农业发展有限公司 | A kind of full-time grain fodder and preparation method thereof |
| CN110731311A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-01-31 | 河南科技学院 | shelf cattle transportation anti-stress scheme |
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Application publication date: 20130911 |