CN103277922A - Sunlight tracking sensor - Google Patents
Sunlight tracking sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN103277922A CN103277922A CN2013102345007A CN201310234500A CN103277922A CN 103277922 A CN103277922 A CN 103277922A CN 2013102345007 A CN2013102345007 A CN 2013102345007A CN 201310234500 A CN201310234500 A CN 201310234500A CN 103277922 A CN103277922 A CN 103277922A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking
Abstract
The invention provides a sunlight tracking sensor at least comprising a light signal detector fixed on a photovoltaic component and facing to the same direction with the photovoltaic component. The light signal detector comprises multi-quadrant light sensors and a controller. Each multi-quadrant light sensor comprises a signal output end corresponding to each quadrant and a shielding structure. The multi-quadrant light sensors are partitioned according to each quadrant. The controller is connected to the light signal detector and a motor device, and is used for receiving and processing electrical signals outputted by each output end of the light signal detector. Sunlight tracking by the photovoltaic component is realized by the motor device controlled according to correspondence of current values of the light sensor. The sunlight tracking sensor is low in cost, simple in structure, high in tracking accuracy, more sensitive to light with a small incident angle, and large in accurate tracking range, and can be applied in the field of sunlight tracking on a large scale.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the Application of Solar Energy apparatus field, particularly relate to a kind of sun light tracking sensor.
Background technology
Under the overall background of various energy crises, solar energy is more and more attracted attention, and solar tracking device is the important component part of photovoltaic apparatus, and its tracking accuracy directly influences the efficient of whole photovoltaic system.The method of the following the tracks of the sun at present forms such as daily motion track following and photoelectric sensor tracking of looking that adopt more, photoelectric sensor is as the core component of photoelectric tracking formula, have noncontact, response is fast, cost is low, in light weight, dependable performance, be not subjected to advantage such as electromagnetic interference, so the photoelectric tracking sensor is widely used.
Yet general photoelectric sensor is guaranteeing often to have ignored the following range factor under the high accuracy situation, causes sensor situation less than the sun often to occur searching for because following range is little.As traditional light cartridge type, as shown in Figure 1, it is made up of four-quadrant photocell and light tube, and light tube shielding is good, and the external interference influence of light is little, the tracking accuracy height, but its following range is little, can't finish on a large scale and follow the tracks of.As shown in Figure 2, traditional iris type is the positive-negative input end of directly the both sides output being received a comparator, symbol decision position of sun by the comparator output valve, though this type of tracker following range is big, the simplicity of design cost is low, but tracking accuracy is very low, is subject to veiling glare and disturbs, and the stability of a system is poor.
Though and some improvement technology have improved following range and the tracking accuracy of sensor, owing to design is complicated, the more high reason of cost still can not make the people satisfied.Disclose a kind of sun light tracking sensor as Chinese patent application 00219971.8, as shown in Figure 3, it is made up of four-quadrant battery and cross one another light barrier, this project organization is simple, but be subject to stray light aspect precision, tracking accuracy is not enough, and tracking system is also stable inadequately.Chinese patent application 200510120837.0 discloses a kind of sun light tracking sensor, as shown in Figure 4, it is made up of the box of four light-sensitive elements, weakener, band median septum, this design can only be followed the tracks of the tracking on the direction in north and south (thing), other directions need to install in addition, install simple and easy inadequately, the line design underaction.
Summary of the invention
The shortcoming of prior art in view of the above, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of with low cost, simple in structure, tracking accuracy is high, and is more responsive to little incidence angle light, the sun light tracking sensor that the precision tracking scope is big.
Reach other relevant purposes for achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of sun light tracking sensor, comprise at least:
Optical signal detector, be fixed in photovoltaic module and with photovoltaic module towards identical, it comprises: many quadrants photo-sensitive cell has the signal output part that corresponds respectively to all quadrants; Light-shielding structure separates described many quadrants photo-sensitive cell according to all quadrants;
Controller, be connected in described optical signal detector and electric machine, be used for handling after described optical signal detector is respectively organized the signal of telecommunication that output exports receiving, control described electric machine by the relation between the current value on each photo-sensitive cell and realize that photovoltaic module is to the tracking of sunshine.
As a kind of preferred version of sun light tracking sensor of the present invention, described controller can be realized the adjustment of described electric machine east-west direction and North and South direction according to the sunny incident angle of the calculated signals of all quadrants photo-sensitive cell.
A kind of preferred version as sun light tracking sensor of the present invention, described controller also is connected in described photovoltaic module, be used for after the tracking of described sun light tracking sensor realization to sunshine, control described electric machine described photovoltaic module is carried out fine motion search in preset angles, and the size of the signal of telecommunication of the photovoltaic module output by described relatively different angles is determined the direction of sunshine vertical incidence.
As a kind of preferred version of sun light tracking sensor of the present invention, described many quadrants photo-sensitive cell is a kind of of amorphous silicon solar cell, crystal-silicon solar cell and photodetector.
As a kind of preferred version of sun light tracking sensor of the present invention, described many quadrants photo-sensitive cell separately is made as three quadrants, four-quadrant or five quadrants by described light-shielding structure at least.
As a kind of preferred version of sun light tracking sensor of the present invention, described light-shielding structure is made by light-proof material, or is made up of the different medium interface.
Further, described light-shielding structure also is provided with the filtering structure that filters for to the sunshine that exposes to described many quadrants photo-sensitive cell.
Further, described filtering structure is made by optical material, the sunshine that passes through can be filtered into the light of a certain wavelength band.
As a kind of preferred version of sun light tracking sensor of the present invention, described filtering structure has been the convex lens form structure of optically focused effect.
As mentioned above, the invention provides a kind of sun light tracking sensor, at least comprise: optical signal detector, be fixed in photovoltaic module and with photovoltaic module towards identical, it comprises: many quadrants photo-sensitive cell, have the signal output part that corresponds respectively to all quadrants, and light-shielding structure, according to all quadrants described many quadrants photo-sensitive cell is separated; Controller, be connected in described optical signal detector and electric machine, be used for handling after described optical signal detector is respectively organized the signal of telecommunication that output exports receiving, control described electric machine by the relation between the current value on each photo-sensitive cell and realize that photovoltaic module is to the tracking of sunshine.The present invention has following beneficial effect:
1) this novel sun light tracking sensor, with low cost, deft design, simple in structure, detectable range is big, and the scope of accurate tracking approaches ± 90 °.
2) the minute surface light-shielding structure can increase the response of photo-sensitive cell, and then more responsive to the light of little incidence angle, has improved tracking accuracy.
3) using hemispherical filter glass cover can play a protective role, and can also reduce the influence of different-waveband scattered light in the sunshine, can improve the tracking detection accuracy of photo-sensitive cell at a certain wavelength light.
4) this light tracker can compare optimization by the maximum output valve of controller and photovoltaic module, can find out sunshine vertical irradiation point position fast by real time algorithm.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1～Fig. 4 is shown as the structural representation of four kinds of different sun light tracking sensors of the prior art respectively.
Fig. 5 is shown as the structural representation of the optical signal detector of sun light tracking sensor of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is shown as the plan structure schematic diagram of many quadrants photo-sensitive cell of sun light tracking sensor of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is shown as a kind of application structure schematic diagram of sun light tracking sensor of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is shown as the workflow schematic diagram of sun light tracking sensor of the present invention.
The element numbers explanation
The specific embodiment
Below by specific instantiation explanation embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art can understand other advantages of the present invention and effect easily by the disclosed content of this specification.The present invention can also be implemented or be used by the other different specific embodiment, and the every details in this specification also can be based on different viewpoints and application, carries out various modifications or change under the spirit of the present invention not deviating from.
See also Fig. 5～Fig. 8.Need to prove, the diagram that provides in the present embodiment only illustrates basic conception of the present invention in a schematic way, satisfy only show in graphic with the present invention in relevant assembly but not component count, shape and size drafting when implementing according to reality, kenel, quantity and the ratio of each assembly can be a kind of random change during its actual enforcement, and its assembly layout kenel also may be more complicated.
As Fig. 5～shown in Figure 8, present embodiment provides a kind of sun light tracking sensor, is used for realizing the tracking of 40 pairs of sunshines of photovoltaic module, comprises at least:
In the present embodiment, described many quadrants photo-sensitive cell is three quadrant photo-sensitive cells 101～103, as Fig. 5 and shown in Figure 6.Certainly, in other embodiments, described many quadrants photo-sensitive cell also can be four-quadrant, five quadrants etc., and is not limited to cited several herein.
As example, described controller 20 can be realized the adjustment of described electric machine 30 east-west directions and North and South direction according to the sunny incident angle of the calculated signals of all quadrants photo-sensitive cell.Further, described controller 20 also is connected in described photovoltaic module 40, be used for after the tracking of described sun light tracking sensor realization to sunshine, control 30 pairs of described photovoltaic modulies 40 of described electric machine and in preset angles, carry out fine motion search, and the size of the signal of telecommunication of photovoltaic module 40 outputs by described relatively different angles is determined the direction of sunshine vertical incidence.Because sun light tracking sensor generally is used for the tracking system of high power concentrator, and the output valve of concentrating photovoltaic assembly 40 is very responsive to the angle of incidence of sunlight degree, the low-angle that sunshine departs from vertical irradiation will cause huge deviation to the output of photovoltaic module 40, so adopting 20 pairs of photovoltaic modulies of controller, 40 maximum output valve positions simultaneously judges, make photovoltaic module 40 all directions fine motions search, find out photovoltaic module 40 maximum output valve positions, thereby make sunshine and photovoltaic module 40 direction of principal axis that hang down parallel.Human-computer dialogue for convenience can be set up the LCD display module position of sun signal is shown accordingly, improves the convenience of using.
As example, described many quadrants photo-sensitive cell is a kind of of amorphous silicon solar cell, crystal-silicon solar cell and photodetector.Because to low light level signal reaction sensitivity, in the present embodiment, described many quadrants photo-sensitive cell is amorphous silicon solar cell to amorphous silicon solar cell compared to other photo-sensitive cells.
As example, described light-shielding structure 104 is made by light-proof material, or is made up of the different medium interface, as air-glass surface.
In the present embodiment, be that three quadrant photo-sensitive cells are example with described many quadrants photo-sensitive cell, described light-shielding structure 104 is T type dividing plate, and described T type dividing plate is minute surface reflection dividing plate, described three quadrant photo-sensitive cells are separated by described T type dividing plate, and certainly, the combining structure position of described three phenomenon photo-sensitive cells can be adjusted according to demand, the shape of described light-shielding structure 104 can be selected according to the combining structure position of described three phenomenon photo-sensitive cells, is not limited to herein cited T type.In the present embodiment, the area equal and opposite in direction of the amorphous silicon solar cell of the area of each face of described T type dividing plate size and all quadrants is so that more accurately calculate the angle of sun light tracking sensor and sunshine.Further, the material of described minute surface reflection dividing plate comprises metal film (plate), polishing substrate, glass, reflecting coating, reaches other composites etc.In the present embodiment, described T type minute surface reflection dividing plate separates three quadrants fully, and three quadrant photo-sensitive cell performances, size are in full accord, are convenient to comparison signal and follow the tracks of, and adopt minute surface reflection dividing plate can increase battery response to light under low light condition.
As example, described light-shielding structure 104 also is provided with for the filtering structure 105 that the sunshine that exposes to described many quadrants photo-sensitive cell is filtered; And the base 106 that matches with described filtering structure 105, described base 106 have with described many quadrants photo-sensitive cell respectively organize the corresponding wiring hole of signal output part, its concrete structure is as shown in Figure 5.
As example, described filtering structure 105 is made by optical material, the sunshine that passes through can be filtered into the light of a certain wavelength band. described filtering structure 105 be shaped as hemispherical, ellipsoid shape, triangular prism shape or pentaprism shape, can also can be a plurality of light-shielding structures that are covered in each quadrant respectively for covering the integrated light-shielding structure of described light-shielding structure 104.
In the present embodiment, the described filtering structure 105 convex lens form structure that has been the optically focused effect.Described filtering structure 105 can reduce the scattered light of different wave length in the sunshine to the influence of detector; shielding for veiling glare can improve photo-sensitive cell to the tracking accuracy of position of sun; filtering structure 105 is when filtering veiling glare; can also play a protective role to photo-sensitive cell, improve the reliability of device.
Need to prove, described filtering structure 105 and base 106, especially described filtering structure 105 can effectively improve the function of sun light tracking device of the present invention, but be not the necessary parts of the present invention, therefore, in another embodiment, described filtering structure 105 and base 106 can omit.
As shown in Figure 8, be that three quadrant photo-sensitive cells are example with described many quadrants photo-sensitive cell, one concrete implementation process is as follows: system boot starts, behind initialization apparatus and the relevant parameter, at first Read Controller internal clock chip obtains system date and time, when the l7 point was to 9 of mornings next day in the afternoon, sun light tracking sensor entered the stand-by period, and sun light tracking sensor is in the equilbrium position; If the time between at 9 in the morning and afternoon l7 point, sun light tracking sensor system operate as normal; At first control system is carried out initialization, detects the output signal of three quadrant amorphous silicon batteries, when sunshine less than when setting value, system does not work, and enters the equilbrium position and waits for.When sunshine greater than when setting value, the optical tracking transducer operate as normal, and three quadrant amorphous silicon battery signals are surveyed, signal amplifies and the signal operation treatment circuit through signal, become data signal to import electric machine 30 into analog signal conversion by analog to digital conversion circuit again, after 30 pairs of signals that collect of described electric machine were handled, the control motor driver was finished the precision tracking work on the both direction.Detect photovoltaic module 40 maximum output valve positions this moment, all directions of photovoltaic module 40 are carried out the fine motion search, find photovoltaic module 40 maximum outgoing positions, finish the PV precision tracking.And enter the stand-by period, wait for next time and following the tracks of.
In sum, the invention provides a kind of sun light tracking sensor, at least comprise: optical signal detector, be fixed in photovoltaic module and with photovoltaic module towards identical, it comprises: many quadrants photo-sensitive cell, have the signal output part that corresponds respectively to all quadrants, and light-shielding structure, according to all quadrants described many quadrants photo-sensitive cell is separated; Controller, be connected in described optical signal detector and electric machine, be used for handling after described optical signal detector is respectively organized the signal of telecommunication that output exports receiving, control described electric machine by the relation between the current value on each photo-sensitive cell and realize that photovoltaic module is to the tracking of sunshine.The present invention has following beneficial effect:
1) this novel sun light tracking sensor, with low cost, deft design, simple in structure, detectable range is big, and the scope of accurate tracking can approach ± and 90 °.
2) the minute surface light-shielding structure can increase the response of photo-sensitive cell, and then more responsive to the light of little incidence angle, has improved tracking accuracy.
When 3) application hemispherical filter glass cover can play a protective role, the influence of different wave length light scattering refraction in the sunshine can also be reduced, the tracking detection accuracy of photo-sensitive cell can be improved at a certain wave band.
4) this light tracker can be optimized by the maximum output valve of controller and photovoltaic module, can find out sunshine vertical irradiation point position fast by real time algorithm.
So the present invention has effectively overcome various shortcoming of the prior art and the tool high industrial utilization.
Above-described embodiment is illustrative principle of the present invention and effect thereof only, but not is used for restriction the present invention.Any person skilled in the art scholar all can be under spirit of the present invention and category, and above-described embodiment is modified or changed.Therefore, have in the technical field under such as and know that usually the knowledgeable modifies or changes not breaking away from all equivalences of finishing under disclosed spirit and the technological thought, must be contained by claim of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a sun light tracking sensor is characterized in that, comprises at least:
Optical signal detector, be fixed in photovoltaic module and with photovoltaic module towards identical, it comprises:
Many quadrants photo-sensitive cell has the signal output part that corresponds respectively to all quadrants;
Light-shielding structure separates described many quadrants photo-sensitive cell according to all quadrants;
Controller, be connected in described optical signal detector and electric machine, be used for handling after described optical signal detector is respectively organized the signal of telecommunication that output exports receiving, control described electric machine by the relation between the current value on each photo-sensitive cell and realize that photovoltaic module is to the tracking of sunshine.
2. sun light tracking sensor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described controller can be realized the adjustment of described electric machine east-west direction and North and South direction according to the sunny incident angle of the calculated signals of all quadrants photo-sensitive cell.
3. sun light tracking sensor according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described controller also is connected in described photovoltaic module, be used for after the tracking of described sun light tracking sensor realization to sunshine, control described electric machine described photovoltaic module is carried out fine motion search in preset angles, and the size of the signal of telecommunication of the photovoltaic module output by described relatively different angles is determined the direction of sunshine vertical incidence.
4. sun light tracking sensor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described many quadrants photo-sensitive cell is a kind of of amorphous silicon solar cell, crystal-silicon solar cell and photodetector.
5. sun light tracking sensor according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described many quadrants photo-sensitive cell separately is made as three quadrants, four-quadrant or five quadrants by described light-shielding structure at least.
6. sun light tracking sensor according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described light-shielding structure is made by light-proof material, or is made up of the different medium interface.
7. sun light tracking sensor according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described light-shielding structure also is provided with the filtering structure that filters for to the sunshine that exposes to described many quadrants photo-sensitive cell.
8. sun light tracking sensor according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described filtering structure is made by optical material, the sunshine that passes through can be filtered into the light of a certain wavelength band.
9. sun light tracking sensor according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described filtering structure has been the convex lens form structure of optically focused effect.
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Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103885462A (en) * | 2014-01-07 | 2014-06-25 | 武汉凹伟能源科技有限公司 | Single-shaft solar tracking and sensing device |
| CN104238581A (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2014-12-24 | 北京金自天正智能控制股份有限公司 | Sun auto-tracking system and method |
| CN104482491A (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2015-04-01 | 上海斐讯数据通信技术有限公司 | Solar street lamp capable of automatically tracking light intensity and system thereof |
| CN105204531A (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2015-12-30 | 李豹 | Phototropic controller for solar panel |
| CN106970656A (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-07-21 | 江苏大学 | A kind of sunshine automatic tracking device |
| CN106990797A (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2017-07-28 | 上海历挚机电设备有限公司 | A kind of solar tracking device and method applied to photovoltaic generation |
| CN107092275A (en) * | 2016-10-03 | 2017-08-25 | 南通斯密特森光电科技有限公司 | Solar sensing device and sensing method thereof |
| CN107975950A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-05-01 | 南京工程学院 | A kind of new cylinder fixes the collection thermal tracking system of lens photo-thermal power generation |
| CN107992096A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-05-04 | 刘潇 | A kind of new three quadrants sensor and its control strategy |
| CN109639226A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-04-16 | 辽宁立洲科技有限公司 | A kind of electric drive vehicle charging pile of steam-electric power plant |
| CN109624758A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-04-16 | 辽宁立洲科技有限公司 | A kind of Vehicular solar charging pile |
| CN110160486A (en) * | 2018-02-15 | 2019-08-23 | 阿聚尔斯佩西太阳能有限责任公司 | Sun position sensor |
| CN110297505A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2019-10-01 | 阿聚尔斯佩西太阳能有限责任公司 | Solar tracking unit |
| CN113515145A (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2021-10-19 | 南京理工大学 | Double-shaft sun tracking system of photovoltaic power generation system and control method thereof |
| CN107975950B (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2024-04-26 | 南京工程学院 | Novel heat collection tracking system for photo-thermal power generation by fixing lens on cylinder |
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Cited By (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103885462A (en) * | 2014-01-07 | 2014-06-25 | 武汉凹伟能源科技有限公司 | Single-shaft solar tracking and sensing device |
| CN104238581A (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2014-12-24 | 北京金自天正智能控制股份有限公司 | Sun auto-tracking system and method |
| CN104482491A (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2015-04-01 | 上海斐讯数据通信技术有限公司 | Solar street lamp capable of automatically tracking light intensity and system thereof |
| CN105204531A (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2015-12-30 | 李豹 | Phototropic controller for solar panel |
| CN105204531B (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2017-10-13 | 李豹 | Solar panel is to optical controller |
| CN107092275A (en) * | 2016-10-03 | 2017-08-25 | 南通斯密特森光电科技有限公司 | Solar sensing device and sensing method thereof |
| CN106970656B (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2020-11-03 | 江苏大学 | Automatic sunlight tracking device |
| CN106970656A (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-07-21 | 江苏大学 | A kind of sunshine automatic tracking device |
| CN106990797A (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2017-07-28 | 上海历挚机电设备有限公司 | A kind of solar tracking device and method applied to photovoltaic generation |
| CN106990797B (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2023-03-17 | 上海历挚机电设备有限公司 | Sun tracking device and method applied to photovoltaic power generation |
| CN107992096A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-05-04 | 刘潇 | A kind of new three quadrants sensor and its control strategy |
| CN107975950A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-05-01 | 南京工程学院 | A kind of new cylinder fixes the collection thermal tracking system of lens photo-thermal power generation |
| CN107975950B (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2024-04-26 | 南京工程学院 | Novel heat collection tracking system for photo-thermal power generation by fixing lens on cylinder |
| CN110160486A (en) * | 2018-02-15 | 2019-08-23 | 阿聚尔斯佩西太阳能有限责任公司 | Sun position sensor |
| CN110160486B (en) * | 2018-02-15 | 2022-05-24 | 阿聚尔斯佩西太阳能有限责任公司 | Sun position sensor |
| CN110297505A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2019-10-01 | 阿聚尔斯佩西太阳能有限责任公司 | Solar tracking unit |
| CN109624758A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-04-16 | 辽宁立洲科技有限公司 | A kind of Vehicular solar charging pile |
| CN109639226A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-04-16 | 辽宁立洲科技有限公司 | A kind of electric drive vehicle charging pile of steam-electric power plant |
| CN113515145A (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2021-10-19 | 南京理工大学 | Double-shaft sun tracking system of photovoltaic power generation system and control method thereof |
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