CN103616012A - Method for measuring incident angle of parallel light and photoelectric angle sensor - Google Patents

Method for measuring incident angle of parallel light and photoelectric angle sensor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103616012A
CN103616012A CN201310631733.0A CN201310631733A CN103616012A CN 103616012 A CN103616012 A CN 103616012A CN 201310631733 A CN201310631733 A CN 201310631733A CN 103616012 A CN103616012 A CN 103616012A
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light
angle
sensor
measuring
directional light
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屈燕林
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TIANJIN SUSTAINED WIRELESS SENSOR Co Ltd
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TIANJIN SUSTAINED WIRELESS SENSOR Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C1/00—Measuring angles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of solar application and in particular relates to a method for measuring an incident angle of parallel light and a photoelectric angle sensor. The method comprises the following steps: designing a hexahedral sensor with two pairs of light-sensitive surfaces based on a geometric structure of a light ray incidence angle sensor, irradiating the incident parallel beams to the sensor, measuring the intensity of output currents of the two pairs of light-sensitive surfaces of the sensor, respectively calculating included angles between the parallel light and normal planes of the two pairs of light-sensitive surfaces, and determining the space angle of the incident light according to two orthogonal included angles. According to the method, direct photoelectric signal conversion is adopted, an imaging step is not needed, the structure is simple, and the equipment size is small; the incident angle of the parallel light does not need to be calibrated, and the operation is convenient and rapid. The adopted material is simple and low in price, and compared with similar products with the same accuracy, the photoelectric angle sensor has the advantage that the cost can be obviously reduced.

Description

A kind of measuring method of directional light incident angle and optoelectronic angle sensor
Technical field
The present invention relates to Application of Solar Energy field, particularly a kind of measuring method of directional light incident angle and optoelectronic angle sensor.
Background technology
Along with lack of energy and environmental pollution become increasingly conspicuous, social development is day by day urgent to the demand of clean energy resource.In numerous clean energy resourcies, sun power is considered to a kind of very promising energy, and in market, has obtained large-scale application.The extensive propagation and employment of sun power, is conducive to realize the sustainable development of energy and environment.
Sun power utilization has a variety of modes, as solar energy power generating, solar energy thermal-power-generating, solar water heater, solar airconditioning etc., but no matter be which kind of sun power utilizes mode, all needs the collection of energy sunshine.Because angle of incidence of sunlight degree is constantly to change, traditional fixed solar energy equipment is low-down to the utilization factor of sun power, as solar water heater.And due to larger facilities of investment such as solar electrical energy generations, energy utilizes the low long investment cycle that just means.In order to improve solar energy utilization ratio, people have invented a lot of solar collecting devices and control method, and wherein most typical is heliostat.The principle of work of heliostat is that solar energy absorption plant can be adjusted attitude automatically according to the direction of the sun, to improve the utilization factor of sun power, but how to measure sun direction of light, is a gordian technique.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, one of object of the present invention is, a kind of measuring method of directional light incident angle is provided, and another object of the present invention is to, and a kind of optoelectronic angle sensor using based on said method is provided.
A kind of measuring method of directional light incident angle, the geometry of the method based on angle of incidence of light degree sensor, designed a hexahedron sensor that has two pairs of light-sensitive surfaces, the parallel beam of incident is irradiated on sensor, the strength of current of the output current of two pairs of light-sensitive surfaces of survey sensor, calculates respectively directional light and the two pairs of light-sensitive surfaces with respect to the angle β of sensor ground level normal 1, β 2, then according to β 1, β 2calculate the incident angle β of directional light.
The measuring method of described directional light incident angle, comprises the steps:
Step 1: sensor is placed in the air, fixing, determine sensor bottom surface angle and direction;
Step 2: the current output sensor I that measures first pair of light-sensitive surface 1, I 2;
Step 3: utilize formula below to calculate the angle β of directional light and first pair of light-sensitive surface 1;
β 1=arctg[(I 1-I 2)/(?I 1-I 2)*tg(α 1/2)]
I 1and I 2for measuring current value,
α 1be first pair of angle between light-sensitive surface,
β 1for the folder degree of directional light with the first pair of relative sensor of light-sensitive surface baseplane normal, β 1< α 1/ 2, if I 1-I 2>0, be on the occasion of, represent that directional light is from I 1side incident, otherwise represent from I 2side incident;
Step 4: by step 2 and the same method of step 3, measure and calculate the incident angle β of the relative second pair of light-sensitive surface of directional light 2;
Step 5: the incident angle β ∈ ﹙ β that calculates directional light 1, β 2﹚.
For measuring an optoelectronic angle sensor for directional light incident angle, by photodetection unit, current acquisition unit, information process unit, measurement output unit and outsourcing housing, formed; Described optoelectronic angle sensor is a hexahedron that has two pairs of light-sensitive surfaces; Described two pairs of light-sensitive surfaces, the angle of every a pair of relative light-sensitive surface is α, wherein 0 ° of < α < is 180 °; Angle α between two relative light-sensitive surfaces 1, α 2can equate, also can be unequal.
Described photodetection unit is light-sensitive surface.
The components and parts of described light-sensitive surface can be one or more in solar cell, photoresistance, and the components and parts that the two pairs of light-sensitive surfaces are selected can be identical, also can be different, but the sensitive component of every pair of light-sensitive surface should be consistent, to guarantee measuring accuracy.
Described current acquisition unit preferably adopts precision resistance as the current measurement circuit plate of senser element.。
The preferred single-chip microcomputer of described information process unit.
The preferred serial ports of described measurement output unit and/or wireless sending module.
Described outsourcing housing comprises inside and outside two-layer; internal layer is processed into by the glass sealing or the contour light transmissive material of plastics; in internal layer, be filled with inert gas; for the protection of internal optical component and electricity device; skin is square or cylindrical shape; level meter and compass can be set up in the baseplane of outsourcing housing, for adjusting setting angle and the installation direction of photoelectric sensor.
Of the present inventionly for measuring the workflow of the optoelectronic angle sensor of directional light incident angle, be: sensor is placed in the air, fixing, determine that sensor bottom surface is parallel to ground level, the parallel beam of incident is irradiated on sensor, light sees through outer envelope volume surrounding 5, outsourcing housing internal layer 6, be irradiated on photodetection unit 7, photodetection unit 7 is electric signal by transform light energy, electric signal is responsible for gathering in current acquisition unit 8, be converted to strength of current, information process unit 9 completes β according to formula 1, β 2calculating, determine directional light incident angle β ∈ ﹙ β 1, β 2﹚, measures output unit β result is exported.
Tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
1, the present invention does not need to demarcate directional light incident angle, convenient and swift;
2, adopted 4 photosensitive structures, calculated the space angle of directional light incident, precision is high, error is little;
3, the angle of the relative light-sensitive surface of optoelectronic angle sensor of the present invention can equate, also can be unequal, 180 ° of 0 ° of < α <, the light range that takes measurement of an angle is large, and comprehensive light angle measurement is carried out in the place that can be difficult to enter to some mankind by support;
4, employing material is simple, price is lower, with respect to same precision like product, can significantly reduce costs.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the vertical view of removal outsourcing housing of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that the present invention is for measuring the principle of work side view of directional light incident angle;
Fig. 3 is optoelectronic angle sensor sectional drawing of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1,2,3, the present invention is further detailed explanation:
In accompanying drawing 1,1,2,3,4 are light-sensitive surface, and wherein, 1,2 is relative a pair of light-sensitive surface, and 3,4 is relative a pair of light-sensitive surface.
In accompanying drawing 3,5-outer envelope volume surrounding, 6-outsourcing housing internal layer, 7-photodetection unit, 8-current acquisition unit, 9-information process unit, 10-measures output unit.
Embodiment 1,
Photodetection unit 7 is comprised of light-sensitive surface 1,2,3,4, and the angle between light-sensitive surface 1,2 is α 1, the angle between light-sensitive surface 3,4 is α 2, two couples of light-sensitive surface angle α 1, α 2equate, and α 1=α 2=90 °, the components and parts of two pairs of light-sensitive surface selections are identical, are solar cell; Current acquisition unit 8 is the current measurement circuit plates that adopt precision resistance; Information process unit 9 is single-chip microcomputers; Measuring output unit 10 is wireless sending modules.Outsourcing housing internal layer 6 is made by the glass processing sealing; in outsourcing housing internal layer 6, be filled with inert gas; for the protection of internal optical component and electricity device; outer envelope volume surrounding 5 is square; by metal material, made; level meter and compass are set up in the baseplane of outer envelope volume surrounding 5, for adjusting setting angle and the installation direction of photoelectric sensor.
Within outsourcing housing internal layer 6 is arranged on outer envelope volume surrounding 5, photodetection unit 7, current acquisition unit 8, within information process unit 9 and measurement output unit 10 are installed in outsourcing housing internal layer 6.
Sensor is placed in the air, fixing, determine that sensor bottom surface is parallel to ground level, the parallel beam of incident is irradiated on sensor, light sees through outer envelope volume surrounding 5, outsourcing housing internal layer 6, be irradiated on photodetection unit 7, photodetection unit 7 is electric signal by transform light energy, and electric signal is responsible for gathering in current acquisition unit 8, be converted to strength of current, information process unit 9 completes β according to formula 1, β 2calculating, determine directional light incident angle β ∈ ﹙ β 1, β 2﹚, measures output unit 10 β result is exported.
Directional light is irradiated on photodetection unit 7, and the angle β between first pair of light-sensitive surface 1,2 1computing method as follows:
Photodetection unit 7 is electric signal by transform light energy, and current acquisition unit 8 is responsible for gathering electric signal, and in example, one group of data is, strength of current I 1=(16.000mA), I 2=(0.000mA), according to formula β 1=arctg[(I 1-I 2)/(I 1-I 2) * tg (α 1/ 2)], calculate β 1=(45.000 °).
In example, directional light is irradiated on photodetection unit 7, and the angle β between second pair of light-sensitive surface 3,4 2computing method as follows:
Photodetection unit 7 is electric signal by transform light energy, and current acquisition unit 8 is responsible for gathering electric signal, is converted to strength of current I 3=(15.145mA), I 4=(4.141mA), according to formula β 2=arctg[(I 3-I 4)/(I 3-I 4) * tg (α 2/ 2)], calculate β 2=(29.709 °);
Therefore, 45.000 ° of directional light incident angle β ∈ ﹙, 29.709 ° ﹚.
Embodiment 2
Photodetection unit 7 is comprised of light-sensitive surface 1,2,3,4, and the angle between light-sensitive surface 1,2 is α 1, the angle between light-sensitive surface 3,4 is α 2, two couples of light-sensitive surface angle α 1, α 2equate, and α 1=60 °, α 2=120 °, the components and parts that light-sensitive surface 1,2 is selected are identical, are solar cell; The components and parts that light-sensitive surface 3,4 is selected are identical, are photoresistance; Current acquisition unit 8 is to adopt precision resistance as the current measurement circuit plate of senser element; Information process unit 9 is single-chip microcomputers; Measuring output unit 10 is serial ports and wireless sending module.Outsourcing housing internal layer 6 is made by the high light-passing plastic materials processing sealing; in outsourcing housing internal layer 6, be filled with inert gas; for the protection of internal optical component and electricity device; outer envelope volume surrounding 5 is cylindrical shape; by metal material, made; level meter and compass are set up in the baseplane of outer envelope volume surrounding 5, for adjusting setting angle and the installation direction of photoelectric sensor.
Within outsourcing housing internal layer 6 is arranged on outer envelope volume surrounding 5, photodetection unit 7, current acquisition unit 8, within information process unit 9 and measurement output unit 10 are installed in outsourcing housing internal layer 6.
Sensor is placed in the air, fixing, determine that sensor bottom surface is parallel to ground level, the parallel beam of incident is irradiated on sensor, light sees through outer envelope volume surrounding 5, outsourcing housing internal layer 6, be irradiated on photodetection unit 7, photodetection unit 7 is electric signal by transform light energy, and electric signal is responsible for gathering in current acquisition unit 8, be converted to strength of current, information process unit 9 completes β according to formula 1, β 2calculating, determine directional light incident angle β ∈ ﹙ β 1, β 2﹚, measures output unit 10 β result is exported.
In example, one group of directional light is irradiated on photodetection unit 7, and the angle β between first pair of light-sensitive surface 1,2 1computing method as follows:
Photodetection unit 7 is electric signal by transform light energy, and current acquisition unit 8 is responsible for gathering electric signal, is converted to strength of current I 1=(9.030mA), I 2=(8.960mA), according to formula β 1=arctg[(I 1-I 2)/(I 1-I 2) * tg (α 1/ 2)], calculate β 1=(0.013 °).
Directional light is irradiated on photodetection unit 7, and the angle β between second pair of light-sensitive surface 3,4 2computing method as follows:
Photodetection unit 7 is electric signal by transform light energy, and electric signal, strength of current I in example are responsible for gathering in current acquisition unit 8 3=(15.588mA), I 4=(9.000mA), according to formula β 2=arctg[(I 3-I 4)/(I 3-I 4) * tg (α 2/ 2)], calculate β 2=(24.892 °);
Therefore, in example, directional light incident angle β ∈ ﹙ is 0.013 °, 24.892 ° ﹚.

Claims (9)

1. the measuring method of a directional light incident angle, it is characterized in that: the geometry of the method based on angle of incidence of light degree sensor, designed a hexahedron sensor that has two pairs of light-sensitive surfaces, the parallel beam of incident is irradiated on sensor, the strength of current of the output current of two pairs of light-sensitive surfaces of survey sensor, calculates respectively directional light and the two pairs of light-sensitive surfaces with respect to the angle β of sensor ground level normal 1, β 2, then according to β 1, β 2calculate the incident angle β of directional light.
2. according to the measuring method of the directional light incident angle described in claim 1, it is characterized in that:
Step 1: sensor is placed in the air, fixing, determine sensor bottom surface angle and direction;
Step 2: the current output sensor I that measures first pair of light-sensitive surface 1, I 2;
Step 3: utilize formula below to calculate the angle β of directional light and first pair of light-sensitive surface 1;
β 1=arctg[(I 1-I 2)/(?I 1-I 2)*tg(α 1/2)]
I 1and I 2for measuring current value,
α 1be first pair of angle between light-sensitive surface,
β 1for the folder degree of directional light with the first pair of relative sensor of light-sensitive surface baseplane normal, β 1< α 1/ 2, if I 1-I 2>0, be on the occasion of, represent that directional light is from I 1side incident, otherwise represent from I 2side incident;
Step 4: by step 2 and the same method of step 3, measure and calculate the incident angle β of the relative second pair of light-sensitive surface of directional light 2;
Step 5: the incident angle β ∈ ﹙ β that calculates directional light 1, β 2﹚.
3. for measuring an optoelectronic angle sensor for directional light incident angle, it is characterized in that: optoelectronic angle sensor consists of photodetection unit, current acquisition unit, information process unit, measurement output unit and outsourcing housing; Described optoelectronic angle sensor is a hexahedron that has two pairs of light-sensitive surfaces; Described two pairs of light-sensitive surfaces, the angle of every a pair of relative light-sensitive surface is α, wherein 0 ° of < α < is 180 °; Angle α between two relative light-sensitive surfaces 1, α 2can equate, also can be unequal.
4. according to claim 3 a kind of for measuring the optoelectronic angle sensor of directional light incident angle, it is characterized in that: described photodetection unit is light-sensitive surface.
5. a kind of for measuring the optoelectronic angle sensor of directional light incident angle according to described in right 3, it is characterized in that: the components and parts of described light-sensitive surface can be one or more in solar cell, photoresistance, the components and parts of two pairs of light-sensitive surface selections can be identical, also can be different, but the sensitive component of every pair of light-sensitive surface should be consistent, to guarantee measuring accuracy.
6. a kind of for measuring the optoelectronic angle sensor of directional light incident angle according to described in right 3, is characterized in that: described current acquisition unit preferably adopts precision resistance as the current measurement circuit plate of senser element.
7. a kind of for measuring the optoelectronic angle sensor of directional light incident angle according to described in right 3, is characterized in that: the preferred single-chip microcomputer of described information process unit.
8. a kind of for measuring the optoelectronic angle sensor of directional light incident angle according to described in right 3, is characterized in that: the preferred serial ports of described measurement output unit and/or wireless sending module.
9. a kind of for measuring the optoelectronic angle sensor of directional light incident angle according to described in claim 3-8 any one; it is characterized in that: described outsourcing housing comprises inside and outside two-layer; internal layer is processed into by the glass sealing or the contour light transmissive material of plastics; in internal layer, be filled with inert gas; for the protection of internal optical component and electricity device; skin is square or cylindrical shape; level meter and compass can be set up in the baseplane of outsourcing housing, for adjusting setting angle and the installation direction of photoelectric sensor.
CN201310631733.0A 2013-11-29 2013-11-29 Method for measuring incident angle of parallel light and photoelectric angle sensor Pending CN103616012A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104280012A (en) * 2014-10-28 2015-01-14 四川大学 Method for measuring tilt angle of solar ray relative to horizontal ground
CN105871316A (en) * 2014-10-22 2016-08-17 深圳光启空间技术有限公司 Solar cell system and aircraft
CN112525339A (en) * 2019-09-19 2021-03-19 陈红炜 Light detector
CN116718154A (en) * 2023-08-10 2023-09-08 陕西省计量科学研究院 Optical instrument for measuring incidence angle of light beam

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US20070023609A1 (en) * 2005-07-27 2007-02-01 Hyundai Mobis Co., Ltd. Sunlight-detecting sensor for vehicles
CN101907457A (en) * 2010-07-19 2010-12-08 王江 Spatial angle measuring method of electromagnetic radiation
CN102252648A (en) * 2011-04-02 2011-11-23 曹博成 Angle measurement method for solar tracking and solar orientation sensor
CN102541081A (en) * 2010-12-10 2012-07-04 比亚迪股份有限公司 Solar tracking photoelectric sensor and photovoltaic power generation system
CN203629564U (en) * 2013-11-29 2014-06-04 天津孚感科技有限公司 Photoelectric angle sensor for measuring incident angle of parallel light

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2468009Y (en) * 2001-02-28 2001-12-26 中国人民解放军第二炮兵工程学院科研部 Photoelectric dipmeter
US20070023609A1 (en) * 2005-07-27 2007-02-01 Hyundai Mobis Co., Ltd. Sunlight-detecting sensor for vehicles
CN101907457A (en) * 2010-07-19 2010-12-08 王江 Spatial angle measuring method of electromagnetic radiation
CN102541081A (en) * 2010-12-10 2012-07-04 比亚迪股份有限公司 Solar tracking photoelectric sensor and photovoltaic power generation system
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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105871316A (en) * 2014-10-22 2016-08-17 深圳光启空间技术有限公司 Solar cell system and aircraft
CN105871316B (en) * 2014-10-22 2019-05-07 深圳光启空间技术有限公司 Solar cell system and aircraft
CN104280012A (en) * 2014-10-28 2015-01-14 四川大学 Method for measuring tilt angle of solar ray relative to horizontal ground
CN112525339A (en) * 2019-09-19 2021-03-19 陈红炜 Light detector
CN116718154A (en) * 2023-08-10 2023-09-08 陕西省计量科学研究院 Optical instrument for measuring incidence angle of light beam
CN116718154B (en) * 2023-08-10 2023-11-07 陕西省计量科学研究院 Optical instrument for measuring incidence angle of light beam

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Application publication date: 20140305