CN102541081A - Solar tracking photoelectric sensor and photovoltaic power generation system - Google Patents
Solar tracking photoelectric sensor and photovoltaic power generation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102541081A CN102541081A CN2010105864558A CN201010586455A CN102541081A CN 102541081 A CN102541081 A CN 102541081A CN 2010105864558 A CN2010105864558 A CN 2010105864558A CN 201010586455 A CN201010586455 A CN 201010586455A CN 102541081 A CN102541081 A CN 102541081A
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Abstract
The invention provides a solar tracking photoelectric sensor, which comprises a casing and a controller. A sensing circuit board and a reflective part are sequentially arranged in the casing along the direction of sunshine incidence, wherein the sensing circuit board is electrically connected with the controller. A transparent protective part is arranged on one side of the sensing circuit board close to sun, a front sensing element is arranged on the front surface of the sensing circuit board, a back sensing element is arranged on the back surface of the sensing circuit board, and a light leaking gap is formed between the sensing circuit board and the casing, so that oblique incidence light irradiates on the reflective part through the transparent protective part and the light leaking gap and then is reflected onto the back sensing element. The solar tracking photoelectric sensor is capable of accurately calculating the oblique incidence angle of the sun, and is simple in structure and low in cost. The invention further provides a photovoltaic power generation system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor and photovoltaic generating system.
Background technology
Along with the poorness day by day of earth resources, the cost of investment of basic energy resource is climbed to a higher point day by day, and various safety and pollution hidden trouble are ubiquitous.Photovoltaic energy as a kind ofly pollution-freely take inexhaustible safety, the environmental protection new forms of energy more and more are much accounted of.
As the energy-collecting device of photovoltaic generation is that the position of the battery windsurfing and the sun is closely related; If remain battery windsurfing energy collecting face and sunlight vertical irradiation; Just can in limited usable floor area, utilize more sun power; Adopting solar tracking system to improve solar energy utilization rate is its first-selected scheme, and wherein the solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor just plays very important effect.
The conventional photovoltaic electricity generation system generally comprises solar panel, machine driven system, pylon, solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor, follow-up control circuit, windproof repositioning control device etc.Wherein, solar panel is gone into battle and is shown many Battery packs.Machine driven system comprises that being used to drive solar battery array rotates with vertical direction respectively in the horizontal direction, shines upon the horizontal angle driving mechanism and the elevation angle driving mechanism of light with tracking.For example, Chinese patent document CN1148867 discloses this photovoltaic generating system.Pylon is general to be installed on the ground, also can be installed on the buildings, and for example one Chinese patent application CN99110049.2 discloses a kind of solar module, its installation method and with the solar generator of this assembly, wherein solar cell is installed on the roof.
Research shows that photovoltaic generating system is to the tracking and the non-tracking of sunray motion, and its energy utilization ratio differs greatly.One Chinese patent application CN200910117269.7 discloses a kind of solar energy tracking position sensor, and it is the position transducer of a kind of Application of Solar Energy field solar energy sun-following system; Its housing upper surface is provided with cover plate, and enclosure interior is installed little big taper reflection shield down, in taper reflection shield bottom the sectored light electrical part is installed, and is close to photoelectric device lower surface mounting circuit boards, is assemblied in the lower surface of housing by the bottom back cover; Simple in structure, low-cost, high resolving power, can follow the tracks of the sun more accurately, at utmost receive illumination and improve solar energy utilization ratio effectively, and round-the-clock photosignal can be provided.Yet; This patented claim discloses when the light oblique fire just can produce error signal because of the energy of each group photoelectric device reception is inconsistent; But also unexposed angle how to measure sunray incident can not accurately be followed the tracks of the sun, keeps battery windsurfing energy collecting face and sunlight vertical irradiation.
Summary of the invention
Thereby the present invention can not measure the technical matters that the sunray incident angle can not accurately be followed the tracks of the sun for solving traditional solar energy tracking position sensor; A kind of solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor is provided; It can measure the sunray incident angle, follows the tracks of the sun more accurately, keeps battery windsurfing energy collecting face and sunlight vertical irradiation; At utmost receive illumination, improve solar energy utilization ratio effectively.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above and adopts following technical scheme.
The solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor; Comprise housing and controller; The direction of in said housing, injecting along sunlight is provided with sensor circuit plate and reflecting component successively; Said sensor circuit plate is electrically connected with said controller; Side near the sun of said sensor circuit plate is provided with transparent protector, and the front of said sensor circuit plate is provided with the front sensing element, and the reverse side of said sensor circuit plate is provided with the reverse side sensing element; Be formed with the light leak gap between said sensor circuit plate and the said housing, make the light of oblique incidence after said transparent protector and said light leak gap are radiated on the said reflecting component, be reflected onto on the reverse side sensing element on the said sensor circuit plate.
As the optimal technical scheme of solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention, said transparent protector is a cover plate.
As the optimal technical scheme of solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention, said reflecting component is a rear reflector.
As the optimal technical scheme of solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention, the light intensity that has been sticked on the one side of said transparent protector away from the sun weakens glass.
Optimal technical scheme as solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention; Said transparent protector, said sensor circuit plate, said reflecting component all become tabular, and said transparent protector, said sensor circuit plate, said reflecting component successively parallel interval be arranged in the said housing.
As the optimal technical scheme of solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention, said front sensing element and said reverse side sensing element are photoelectric tube, photomultiplier, photoelectric cell, photoresistance or phototriode.
As the optimal technical scheme of solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention, said front sensing element and said reverse side sensing element are photoelectric cell.
As the optimal technical scheme of solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention, the said housing body that is square.
As the optimal technical scheme of solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention, each inwall corner of said housing is equipped with mounting blocks, and each corner of said sensor circuit plate correspondingly overlaps and is fixed on each mounting blocks.
As the optimal technical scheme of solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention, said light leak gap is the gap that forms between inwall and the said sensor circuit plate periphery of said housing.
As the optimal technical scheme of solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention, said front sensing element is positioned at the middle part of said sensor circuit plate, and quantity is one.
As the optimal technical scheme of solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention, said reverse side sensing element is that the center is uniformly distributed with arrangement along the direction perpendicular to each limit of sensor circuit plate successively with the corresponding reverse side position of front sensing element.
As the optimal technical scheme of solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention, said reverse side sensing element across is arranged, and is at least three along the quantity of the reverse side sensing element of arranging perpendicular to the direction on each limit of sensor circuit plate.
The invention also discloses a kind of photovoltaic generating system; It comprises solar panel, kinematic train, photoelectric sensor and pylon; Said kinematic train is installed between said pylon and the said solar panel; Said photoelectric sensor is electrically connected with said kinematic train, and said photoelectric sensor is above-mentioned solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor.
Optimal technical scheme as photovoltaic generating system of the present invention; Said photoelectric sensor is installed on the surface of said solar panel, and equal surperficial parallel with said solar panel of said transparent protector, said sensor circuit plate and said reflecting component.
Compare with traditional solar energy tracking position sensor; Solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention; Comprise housing and controller; The direction of in said housing, injecting along sunlight is provided with sensor circuit plate and reflecting component successively, and said sensor circuit plate is electrically connected with said controller, and the side near the sun of said sensor circuit plate is provided with transparent protector; The front of said sensor circuit plate is provided with the front sensing element; The reverse side of said sensor circuit plate is provided with the reverse side sensing element, is formed with the light leak gap between said sensor circuit plate and the said housing, makes the light of oblique incidence after said transparent protector and said light leak gap are radiated on the said reflecting component, be reflected onto on the reverse side sensing element on the said sensor circuit plate.After the sun oblique fire, reflection ray is through corresponding reflection angle, with the reverse side sensing element of sunshine reflected illumination to the bottom surface (also claiming reverse side among this paper) of sensor circuit plate when shining on the rear reflector through the light leak gap between sensor circuit plate and the housing.The sensing element that sensor circuit plate reverse side is mapped to by solar irradiation can induce the irradiation of light; Produce corresponding signal; The induced signal of this signal and front sensing element is compared,, then can judge the sun and tilt to respective direction if this two signal is identical or close; According to be irradiated to the location of reverse side sensing element, the angle of inclination that can extrapolate the sun.Therefore; Solar energy tracking photosensor structure of the present invention is simple, low cost, high resolving power, it can follow the tracks of the sun more accurately; Keep battery windsurfing energy collecting face and sunlight vertical irradiation; At utmost receive illumination, improve solar energy utilization ratio effectively, and round-the-clock photosignal can be provided.
In conjunction with the drawings, to the detailed description of specific embodiment of the present invention, can further understand other advantage of the present invention, characteristic and aspect below reading.
Description of drawings
The positive cut-away illustration of the solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor of one embodiment of the present of invention when Fig. 1 is the sunlight direct projection;
The positive cut-away illustration of the solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor of one embodiment of the present of invention when Fig. 2 is the sunlight oblique fire;
Fig. 3 is the schematic top plan view of the solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor of one embodiment of the present of invention;
Fig. 4 is the synoptic diagram of the photovoltaic generating system of one embodiment of the present of invention;
Fig. 5 is another synoptic diagram of the photovoltaic generating system of one embodiment of the present of invention.
Description of reference numerals
1 transparent protector; 2 light intensity weaken glass;
3 reflecting components; 4 sensor circuit plates;
5 controllers; 6 bottoms;
7 housings; 72 first mounting blocks;
74 second mounting blocks; 76 the 3rd mounting blocks;
78 the 4th mounting blocks; 800 front sensing elements;
801 first reverse side sensing elements; 802 second reverse side sensing elements;
803 the 3rd reverse side sensing elements; 804 the 4th reverse side sensing elements;
805 the 5th reverse side sensing elements; 806 the 6th reverse side sensing elements;
807 the 7th reverse side sensing elements; 808 the 8th reverse side sensing elements;
809 the 9th reverse side sensing elements; 810 the tenth reverse side sensing elements;
811 the 11 reverse side sensing elements; 812 the 12 reverse side sensing elements;
91 first light leak gaps; 92 second light leak gaps;
93 the 3rd light leak gaps; 94 the 4th light leak gaps;
100 photoelectric sensors; 200 solar panels;
300 kinematic trains; 400 pylons;
500 sun.
Embodiment
Clearer for technical matters, technical scheme and beneficial effect that the present invention is solved, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explanation the present invention, and be not used in qualification the present invention.
Specific embodiments of the invention is elaborated with reference to the accompanying drawings.Among this paper, same reference numerals is represented the same composition part.Among this paper, term " front " refers to the one side towards the sun, and term " reverse side " or " bottom surface " refer to the one side of the sun dorsad.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor of this specific embodiment comprises housing 7, sensor circuit plate 4, reflecting component 3 and controller 5.Wherein, the direction of in said housing 7, injecting along sunlight is provided with sensor circuit plate 4 and reflecting component 3 successively.Said sensor circuit plate 4 is electrically connected with said controller 5.In a preferred embodiment of solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention, said reflecting component 3 is a rear reflector.And, in a preferred embodiment of solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention, said housing 7 body that is square, for example square body, rectangular body.
Said reflecting component 3 is arranged on the below of said sensor circuit plate 4, and the top of said sensor circuit plate 4 is provided with transparent protector 1.In a preferred embodiment of solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention, said transparent protector 1 is a cover plate.
The front of said sensor circuit plate 4 is provided with front sensing element 800.The front sensing element for example is photoelectric tube, photomultiplier, photoresistance, phototriode, photoelectrical coupler, solar cell, infrared ray sensor, UV sensor, optical fiber type photoelectric sensor, color sensor, CCD and cmos sensor etc.In a preferred embodiment of solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention, said front sensing element is photoelectric tube, photomultiplier, photoresistance or phototriode.More preferably, said front sensing element is a photoelectric cell.
The reverse side of said sensor circuit plate 4 is provided with the first reverse side sensing element 801, the second reverse side sensing element 802, the 3rd reverse side sensing element 803, the 4th reverse side sensing element 804, the 5th reverse side sensing element 805, the 6th reverse side sensing element 806, the 7th reverse side sensing element 807, the 8th reverse side sensing element 808, the 9th reverse side sensing element 809, the tenth reverse side sensing element the 810, the 11 reverse side sensing element the 811, the 12 reverse side sensing element 812.The reverse side sensing element for example is photoelectric tube, photomultiplier, photoelectric cell, phototriode, photoelectrical coupler, solar cell, infrared ray sensor, UV sensor, optical fiber type photoelectric sensor, color sensor, CCD and cmos sensor etc.In a preferred embodiment of solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention, the first reverse side sensing element 801, the second reverse side sensing element 802, the 3rd reverse side sensing element 803, the 4th reverse side sensing element 804, the 5th reverse side sensing element 805, the 6th reverse side sensing element 806, the 7th reverse side sensing element 807, the 8th reverse side sensing element 808, the 9th reverse side sensing element 809, the tenth reverse side sensing element the 810, the 11 reverse side sensing element the 811, the 12 reverse side sensing element 812 are photoelectric tube, photomultiplier, photoelectric cell or phototriode.More preferably, the first reverse side sensing element 801, the second reverse side sensing element 802, the 3rd reverse side sensing element 803, the 4th reverse side sensing element 804, the 5th reverse side sensing element 805, the 6th reverse side sensing element 806, the 7th reverse side sensing element 807, the 8th reverse side sensing element 808, the 9th reverse side sensing element 809, the tenth reverse side sensing element the 810, the 11 reverse side sensing element the 811, the 12 reverse side sensing element 812 are photoelectric cell.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that photoelectric cell is a kind of special semiconductor diode, can be converted into direct current with visible light.Photronic kind is a lot, and using always has selenium cell, silicon photocell and thallium sulfide, silver sulfide photoelectric cell etc.Be mainly used in instrument, robotization telemetry and telecommand aspect.
Be formed with the light leak gap between said sensor circuit plate 4 and the said housing 7, make the light of oblique incidence after said transparent protector 1 is radiated on the said reflecting component 3 with said light leak gap, be reflected onto on the reverse side sensing element of said sensor circuit plate 4.The light leak gap is used for the irradiation light of the sun is guided to the reverse side sensing element of specific row or row, so that get sunny oblique fire angle.The promptly artificial passage of light of setting in light leak gap, its set-up mode is varied, is not limited to concrete illustrated embodiment of the present invention.In a preferred embodiment of solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention; Said transparent protector 1, said sensor circuit plate 4, said reflecting component 3 all become tabular, and said transparent protector 1, said sensor circuit plate 4, said reflecting component 3 successively parallel interval be arranged in the said housing 7.
In another preferred embodiment of solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention, the said transparent protector 1 bottom light intensity that has been sticked weakens glass.
In another preferred embodiment of solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention; Each inwall corner of said housing 7 is equipped with first mounting blocks 72, second mounting blocks 74, the 3rd mounting blocks 76, the 4th mounting blocks 78, and each corner of said sensor circuit plate 4 correspondingly overlaps and is fixed on each first mounting blocks 72, second mounting blocks 74, the 3rd mounting blocks 76, the 4th mounting blocks 78.
In another preferred embodiment of solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention, said light leak gap is the gap that forms between inwall and said sensor circuit plate 4 peripheries of said housing 7.To shown in Figure 3, be formed with the first light leak gap 91, the second light leak gap 92, the 3rd light leak gap 93 or the 4th light leak gap 94 like Fig. 1 between the inwall of said housing 7 and said sensor circuit plate 4 peripheries.Preferably, the first light leak gap 91, the second light leak gap 92, the 3rd light leak gap 93 are all identical with shape with the 4th light leak gap 94 sizes.
In another preferred embodiment of solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention, said front sensing element 800 is positioned at the middle part of said sensor circuit plate 4, and quantity is one.
In another preferred embodiment of solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention, the said first reverse side sensing element 801, the second reverse side sensing element 802, the 3rd reverse side sensing element 803, the 4th reverse side sensing element 804, the 5th reverse side sensing element 805, the 6th reverse side sensing element 806, the 7th reverse side sensing element 807, the 8th reverse side sensing element 808, the 9th reverse side sensing element 809, the tenth reverse side sensing element the 810, the 11 reverse side sensing element the 811, the 12 reverse side sensing element 812 are that the center is uniformly distributed with arrangement along the direction perpendicular to sensor circuit plate 4 each limit successively with front sensing element 800 corresponding reverse side positions.And; The said first reverse side sensing element 801, the second reverse side sensing element 802, the 3rd reverse side sensing element 803, the 4th reverse side sensing element 804, the 5th reverse side sensing element 805, the 6th reverse side sensing element 806, the 7th reverse side sensing element 807, the 8th reverse side sensing element 808, the 9th reverse side sensing element 809, the tenth reverse side sensing element the 810, the 11 reverse side sensing element the 811, the 12 reverse side sensing element 812 across are arranged, and are at least three along the quantity of the reverse side sensing element of arranging perpendicular to the direction on sensor circuit plate 4 each limit.
Specifically describe a specific embodiment of solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention below; Among this some embodiment, front sensing element 800, the said first reverse side sensing element 801, the second reverse side sensing element 802, the 3rd reverse side sensing element 803, the 4th reverse side sensing element 804, the 5th reverse side sensing element 805, the 6th reverse side sensing element 806, the 7th reverse side sensing element 807, the 8th reverse side sensing element 808, the 9th reverse side sensing element 809, the tenth reverse side sensing element the 810, the 11 reverse side sensing element the 811, the 12 reverse side sensing element 812 are photoelectric cell.
As shown in Figure 1, the solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor of present embodiment is based on photronic photoelectric sensor.This solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor mainly weakens glass 2, reflecting component 3, sensor circuit plate 4, controller 5 and housing 7 by transparent protector 1, light intensity and forms.A vital role of transparent protector 1 gets into housing 7 inside for the protection external substance, and allows sunlight to inject.Light intensity weakens a vital role of glass 2 for weakening light intensity, avoids high light, certainly, also can light intensity be set according to the light intensity degree and weaken glass.A vital role of reflecting component 3 is a reflection ray, will reflex to through the oblique ray in the first light leak gap 91, the second light leak gap 92, the 3rd light leak gap 93 or the 4th light leak gap 94 on the reverse side sensing element (being the said first reverse side sensing element 801, the second reverse side sensing element 802, the 3rd reverse side sensing element 803, the 4th reverse side sensing element 804, the 5th reverse side sensing element 805, the 6th reverse side sensing element 806, the 7th reverse side sensing element 807, the 8th reverse side sensing element 808, the 9th reverse side sensing element 809, the tenth reverse side sensing element the 810, the 11 reverse side sensing element the 811, the 12 reverse side sensing element 812) of sensor circuit plate 4.A vital role of sensor circuit plate is for utilizing front sensing element 800 and the said first reverse side sensing element 801; The second reverse side sensing element 802; The 3rd reverse side sensing element 803; The 4th reverse side sensing element 804; The 5th reverse side sensing element 805; The 6th reverse side sensing element 806; The 7th reverse side sensing element 807; The 8th reverse side sensing element 808; The 9th reverse side sensing element 809; The tenth reverse side sensing element 810; The 11 reverse side sensing element 811; The 12 reverse side sensing element 812 induction lights shine.A vital role of controller 5 is the signal of control analysis sensor circuit plate 4 inputs.A vital role of housing 7 is for constituting external structure.And in the present embodiment, housing 7 bottoms have bottom 6, so that dismounting.
To shown in Figure 3, the housing 7 upper surface the superiors are provided with transparent protector 1 like Fig. 1.Place one deck light intensity under the transparent protector 1 and weaken glass 2.It is dark brown that light intensity weakens glass 2.Weakening glass 2 back sides in dark brown light intensity separates and is placed with sensor circuit plate 4.Be placed with controller 5 in the bottom 6 of housing 7.
Be placed with reflecting component 3 on the controller 5 abreast.Wherein, reflecting component 3 can be rear reflector, also can on flat board, make reflecting coating.Sensor circuit plate 4, reflecting component 3 and controller 5 are encapsulated in the housing 7 by bottom 6.A photoelectric cell is placed in the center, front of sensor circuit plate 4, and this photoelectric cell is as front sensing element 800.The reverse side of sensor circuit plate 4 is an initial point to play the center, places the photoelectric cell that quantity equates along the coordinate axis symmetry, and specifically as shown in Figure 3, all directions are placed 3, totally 9 reverse side sensing elements.Certainly, the quantity of this reverse side sensing element can be carried out appropriate change as the case may be.Quantity is many more, arranges intensively more, and the precision of measuring resulting sunray angle of inclination is high more.
As shown in Figure 1; When sunray sees through transparent protector 1, after dark brown glass weakens glass 2, vertically injects housing 2; Sunlight shines directly on the front sensing element 800 on the front surface of sensor circuit plate 4, and shines on the reflecting component 3 through the light leak gap between the inwall of sensor circuit plate 4 and housing 7 (i.e. the first light leak gap 91, the second light leak gap 92, the 3rd light leak gap 93 or the 4th light leak gap 94).Owing to be vertical incidence, the light of reflecting component 3 reflections is returned by original optical path, does not shine the lower surface of sensor circuit plate 4, and is so the reverse side sensing element of sensor circuit plate lower surface can not receive light, different with the induced signal of front sensing element.For example, in the present embodiment, the photoelectric cell that the front of sensor circuit plate 4 is provided with produces electromotive force because of receiving light, and the photoelectric cell of the reverse side setting of sensor circuit plate 4 is not because of producing electromotive force.Detect the result who draws the sunshine vertical incidence this moment.
As shown in Figure 2, the same with direct irradiation for the front sensing element 800 of sensor circuit plate 4 after sunshine inclination certain angle, no matter whether vertical incidence all is to be in by the direct projection state.Therefore the front sensing element 800 of sensor circuit plate 4 can judge at that time intensity of illumination (promptly rain or shine weather).After the sun oblique fire; Shine reflecting component 3 last time reflection ray through corresponding reflection angle through the light leak gap between sensor circuit plate 4 and the housing 7 (i.e. the first light leak gap 91, the second light leak gap 92, the 3rd light leak gap 93 or the 4th light leak gap 94); With the reverse side sensing element of sunshine reflected illumination to the reverse side of sensor circuit plate 4, the first reverse side sensing element 801 in the present embodiment, the second reverse side sensing element 802, the 3rd reverse side sensing element 803, the 4th reverse side sensing element 804, the 5th reverse side sensing element 805, the 6th reverse side sensing element 806, the 7th reverse side sensing element 807, the 8th reverse side sensing element 808, the 9th reverse side sensing element 809, the tenth reverse side sensing element the 810, the 11 reverse side sensing element the 811, the 12 reverse side sensing element 812.Can send corresponding signal after the reverse side sensing element of sensor circuit plate 4 is illuminated.For example; In the present embodiment, can be produced electromotive force by the photoelectric cell that solar irradiation is mapped to, if itself and positive photoelectric cell are compared at sensor circuit plate 4 reverse side; The electromotive force that the photoelectric cell of reverse side produces is identical or close with the electromotive force that positive photoelectric cell produces; Then can judge the sun and tilt to respective direction, through be irradiated to photronic location, the angle of inclination that can extrapolate the sun.Among this paper, term " respective direction " is meant the concrete direction of illumination of the sun that calculates according to the photoelectric cell that produces electromotive force.Computing method for example are: on sensor circuit plate 4, evenly place a cruciform photovoltaic cell arrays; Reflecting component 3 is b mm apart from sensor circuit plate 4 lower surfaces; When detecting the electromotive force that the photoelectric cell front that electromotive force that distance perspective answers the photoelectric cell of a mm position, circuit board 4 edge to produce electromotive force and generation approaches sensor circuit plate 4 placed produces; Can judge that irradiate light is to the photoelectric cell of this reverse side at this moment, the oblique fire angle A that can calculate the sun thus is arctan (a/2b).
Solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention; With the for example photronic array of simple sensing element; Lighting angle is converted into sensing element output variation on the special angle; Thereby the definite output signal with sensing element changes the variation that reflects lighting angle; Change when influence the sensor circuit plate and exporting little electrorheological and turn to distinguishing rule the existing because angle that the error that photoelectric device itself exists, photoelectric device photoelectric characteristic curve linear degree deficiency and light intensity induction range limitation are brought with incident intensity to differentiate scope little thereby can fundamentally solve traditional lighting angle sensor, error is big, receives problems such as light intensity influences greatly.And; Solar energy tracking photosensor structure of the present invention is simple, cost is low, reliability is high, can the predetermined angle measurement range, in certain accuracy requirement scope with the sunny angle of light degree of the big or small accurate response of voltage, and can fully improve solar energy utilization ratio based on photronic invention lighting angle sensor.
Compare with traditional solar energy tracking position sensor; Solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention; Comprise housing, sensor circuit plate, reflecting component and controller; Said reflecting component is arranged on the below of said sensor circuit plate; The top of said sensor circuit plate is provided with transparent protector, and the front of said sensor circuit plate is provided with the front sensing element, and the reverse side of said sensor circuit plate is provided with the reverse side sensing element; Be formed with the light leak gap between said sensor circuit plate and the said housing, make the light of oblique incidence after said transparent protector and said light leak gap are radiated on the said reflecting component, be reflected onto on the sensing element of reverse side of said sensor circuit plate.After the sun oblique fire, reflection ray is through corresponding reflection angle, with the reverse side sensing element of sunshine reflected illumination to the bottom surface (also claiming reverse side among this paper) of sensor circuit plate when shining on the rear reflector through the light leak gap between sensor circuit plate and the housing.The sensing element that sensor circuit plate reverse side is mapped to by solar irradiation can induce the irradiation of light; Produce corresponding signal; The induced signal of this signal and front sensing element is compared,, then can judge the sun and tilt to respective direction if this two signal is identical or close; According to be irradiated to the location of reverse side sensing element, the angle of inclination that can extrapolate the sun.Therefore; Solar energy tracking photosensor structure of the present invention is simple, low cost, high resolving power, it can follow the tracks of the sun more accurately; Keep battery windsurfing energy collecting face and sunlight vertical irradiation; At utmost receive illumination, improve solar energy utilization ratio effectively, and round-the-clock photosignal can be provided.
The invention allows for a kind of photovoltaic generating system.Shown in Figure 4 and 5, this photovoltaic generating system comprises solar panel 200, kinematic train 300, photoelectric sensor 100 and pylon 400.Said kinematic train 300 is installed between said pylon 400 and the said solar panel 200.Said photoelectric sensor 100 is electrically connected with said kinematic train 300.Being connected and controlling and can adopt prior art of said solar panel 200, kinematic train 300, pylon 400 and said photoelectric sensor 100 and said kinematic train 300 do not given unnecessary details.
Wherein, said photoelectric sensor 100 is above-mentioned solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor.In the present embodiment, said photoelectric sensor 100 is installed on the surface of said solar panel 200, and equal surperficial parallel with said solar panel 200 of said transparent protector 1, said sensor circuit plate 4 and said reflecting component 3.As shown in Figure 4, when the sun 500 and solar panel 200 inclination certain angles, photoelectric sensor 100 is according to the angle of inclination of the above-mentioned principle induction sun 500.Then, 5 pairs of kinematic trains 300 of the controller of photoelectric sensor 100 are sent signal instruction, and control kinematic train 300 is carried out action, make that solar panel 200 turns over certain angle after, the incident ray with the sun 500 is vertical all the time, and is as shown in Figure 5.
According to photovoltaic generating system provided by the invention; After the sun oblique fire; Shine reflecting component 3 last time reflection ray through corresponding reflection angle through 7 light leak gap between sensor circuit plate 4 and the housing, with the reverse side sensing element of sunshine reflected illumination to the reverse side of sensor circuit plate 4.The reverse side sensing element that the reverse side of sensor circuit plate 4 is mapped to by solar irradiation can induce the irradiation of light, produces corresponding signal, and the induced signal of this signal and front sensing element is compared; If this two signal is identical or close, then can judge the sun and tilt to respective direction, according to be irradiated to the location of reverse side sensing element; Can extrapolate the angle of inclination of the sun; And control kinematic train 300 thus and carry out action, the incident ray with the sun 500 is vertical all the time for feasible sun ability cell panel 200, thus; Keep solar panel 200 energy collecting faces and sunlight vertical irradiation; At utmost receive illumination, improve solar energy utilization ratio effectively, and round-the-clock photosignal can be provided.
Those skilled in the art know easily; The above is merely preferred embodiment of the present invention; Not in order to restriction the present invention, all any modifications of within spirit of the present invention and principle, being done, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.Protection scope of the present invention is confirmed by claims.
Claims (15)
1. solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor; Comprise housing and controller; The direction of in said housing, injecting along sunlight is provided with sensor circuit plate and reflecting component successively; Said sensor circuit plate is electrically connected with said controller, it is characterized in that, the side near the sun of said sensor circuit plate is provided with transparent protector; The front of said sensor circuit plate is provided with the front sensing element; The reverse side of said sensor circuit plate is provided with the reverse side sensing element, is formed with the light leak gap between said sensor circuit plate and the said housing, makes the light of oblique incidence after said transparent protector and said light leak gap are radiated on the said reflecting component, be reflected onto on the said reverse side sensing element.
2. solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said transparent protector is a cover plate.
3. solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said reflecting component is a rear reflector.
4. solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the light intensity that has been sticked on the one side of said transparent protector away from the sun weakens glass.
5. solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Said transparent protector, said sensor circuit plate, said reflecting component all become tabular, and said transparent protector, said sensor circuit plate, said reflecting component successively parallel interval be arranged in the said housing.
6. solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said front sensing element and said reverse side sensing element are photoelectric tube, photomultiplier, photoelectric cell, photoresistance or phototriode.
7. solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor according to claim 6 is characterized in that, said front sensing element and said reverse side sensing element are photoelectric cell.
8. solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the said housing body that is square.
9. solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor according to claim 8 is characterized in that, each inwall corner of said housing is equipped with mounting blocks, and each corner of said sensor circuit plate correspondingly overlaps and is fixed on each mounting blocks.
10. solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor according to claim 9 is characterized in that, said light leak gap is the gap that forms between inwall and the said sensor circuit plate periphery of said housing.
11. solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said front sensing element is positioned at the middle part of said sensor circuit plate, and quantity is one.
12. solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor according to claim 11 is characterized in that, said reverse side sensing element is that the center is uniformly distributed with arrangement along the direction perpendicular to each limit of said sensor circuit plate successively with the corresponding reverse side position of front sensing element.
13. solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor according to claim 12 is characterized in that, said reverse side sensing element across is arranged, and is at least three along the quantity of the reverse side sensing element of arranging perpendicular to the direction on each limit of sensor circuit plate.
14. photovoltaic generating system; Comprise solar panel, kinematic train, photoelectric sensor and pylon; Said kinematic train is installed between said pylon and the said solar panel; Said photoelectric sensor is electrically connected with said kinematic train, it is characterized in that, said photoelectric sensor is each described solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor in the claim 1 to 13.
15. photovoltaic generating system according to claim 14; It is characterized in that; Said photoelectric sensor is installed on the surface of said solar panel, and equal surperficial parallel with said solar panel of said transparent protector, said sensor circuit plate and said reflecting component.
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