CN205540301U - Solar energy automatic tracking sensor and solar power system - Google Patents
Solar energy automatic tracking sensor and solar power system Download PDFInfo
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- CN205540301U CN205540301U CN201620302295.2U CN201620302295U CN205540301U CN 205540301 U CN205540301 U CN 205540301U CN 201620302295 U CN201620302295 U CN 201620302295U CN 205540301 U CN205540301 U CN 205540301U
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- circuit board
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- solar energy
- automatic tracking
- energy automatic
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a solar energy automatic tracking sensor, including the circuit board that two -layer parallel and electricity are connected, upper circuit board is provided with the opening the open -ended is provided with a plurality ofly all around photosensitive sensor, photosensitive sensor's photosurface is perpendicular upper strata circuit board and orientation the opening, at lower floor's circuit board orthographic projection department in open -ended sideline is opened has a plurality of light traps the back of lower floor's circuit board and every the position of light trap is provided with photosensitive sensor respectively, on lower floor's circuit board photosensitive sensor's photosurface with flat line of lower floor's circuit and orientation upper strata circuit board. The utility model discloses the photosensitive sensor on upper strata is used for carrying out preliminary measurement and tracking to sunshine when following the tracks of sunshine, and measurement angle degree scope is big, and the photosensitive sensor of lower floor can carry out accurate positioning and tracking on the basis that the aforesaid was followed the tracks of.
Description
Technical field
This utility model relates to field of solar thermal power generation, especially relates to a kind of solar energy automatic tracking sensor and device of solar generating.
Background technology
Due to the problem that solar energy exists direction of illumination and intensity is continually changing in time, as a example by solar energy power generating, under identical sunshine condition, automatic tracking type solar power plant improves 35% than the fixing generated energy towards formula solar power plant, and cost declines 25%.Therefore sunlight is tracked being necessary by solar energy energy-gathering system, and the precision following the tracks of device will interfere significantly on the utilization ratio of solar energy.
The method following the tracks of the sun is used mainly to have regarding daily motion track following and photoelectric tracking at present.Need to describe sun's motion rule depending on daily motion track following, formula is complicated, computationally intensive and with high costs.Photoelectric tracking typically uses photosensitive components and parts to make sensor, whether detection sunray deviates cell panel normal, when sunray deviation cell panel normal, sensor sends deviation signal, actuator is controlled after amplified computing, making tracking device realign the sun, detection mode is divided into switching value and analog quantity detection mode two kinds.When using switching value mode, different solar incident angles can turn on different light-sensitive element combinations, calculates angle of incidence of sunlight degree by this combination, but this mode certainty of measurement is poor, causes tracking error big；Analog quantity detection mode, calculates angle of incidence of sunlight degree by measuring the short circuit current in the photovoltaic cell output of diverse location, but can produce bigger error because photovoltaic cell characteristic is inconsistent.Launch the impact of light simultaneously for reducing surrounding, generally light-sensitive element is placed in special magazine, utilizes the optical element optically focused such as lens, essentially eliminate the impact of reflection light, but it is less to cause measuring angular range.Though using unobstructed mode to measure can expand measurement angular range, but precision is low causes tracking error big.
There is the problem that error is relatively big and measurement angular range is less in the method following the tracks of the sun for above-mentioned photoelectric tracking mode, the most not yet proposes effective solution.
Utility model content
In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of solar energy automatic tracking sensor, to improve the certainty of measurement of angle of incidence of sunlight degree, increases and can measure the scope of angle and improve tracking accuracy.
First aspect, this utility model embodiment provides a kind of solar energy automatic tracking sensor, including the circuit board that two-layer is parallel, upper layer circuit board is provided with opening, surrounding at this opening is provided with multiple light sensor, and the photosurface of above-mentioned light sensor vertically goes up layer circuit board and towards this opening；Multiple loophole is had at the orthographic projection in the sideline of the above-mentioned opening of lower circuit plate, be respectively arranged with light sensor in the position at the back side of lower circuit plate and each loophole, the photosurface of the light sensor on lower circuit plate is parallel with lower circuit plate and towards upper layer circuit board.
In conjunction with first aspect, this utility model embodiment provides the first possible embodiment of first aspect, and wherein, the light sensor that the light sensor that upper layer circuit board and lower circuit plate are arranged is respectively at least 4, and every layer is uniformly distributed.
In conjunction with first aspect, this utility model embodiment provides the embodiment that the second of first aspect is possible, and wherein, light sensor is silicon cell sensor, photoconductive resistance, light sensitive diode or phototriode.
In conjunction with first aspect, this utility model embodiment provides the third possible embodiment of first aspect, and wherein, above-mentioned opening is rectangle.
In conjunction with first aspect, this utility model embodiment provides the 4th kind of possible embodiment of first aspect, wherein, upper layer circuit board and lower circuit plate are each configured with operational amplifier, and the light sensor of upper layer circuit board is connected with the operational amplifier of upper layer circuit board；The light sensor of lower circuit plate is connected with the operational amplifier of lower circuit plate.
In conjunction with first aspect, this utility model embodiment provides the 5th kind of possible embodiment of first aspect, and wherein, the outfan of two-layer parallel circuit boards connects Aviation Connector.
In conjunction with first aspect, this utility model embodiment provides the 6th kind of possible embodiment of first aspect, and wherein, Aviation Connector is connected with peripheral control unit.
In conjunction with the above-mentioned embodiment of first aspect, this utility model embodiment provides the 7th kind of possible embodiment of first aspect, and wherein, above-mentioned solar energy automatic tracking sensor also includes transparent watertight shell, and this shell includes transparent upper cover and base.
In conjunction with the 7th kind of possible embodiment of first aspect, this utility model embodiment provides the 8th kind of possible embodiment of first aspect, and wherein, upper layer circuit board and lower circuit plate interval are arranged, and are fixedly mounted in transparent watertight shell.
Second aspect, this utility model embodiment also provides for a kind of device of solar generating, including fixing device, photovoltaic module, rotating mechanism, controller, also includes the solar energy automatic tracking sensor described in first aspect.
Compared with prior art, the utility model has the advantage of:
This utility model provides a kind of solar energy automatic tracking sensor, the photosurface of the light sensor on upper layer circuit board is perpendicular to circuit board, surrounding at opening is arranged, and the photosurface of light sensor is all towards the opening of upper layer circuit board, difference according to the luminous power received, the most different from the voltage of the operational amplifier output that light sensor connects, by comparing voltage thus the angle judging between light and circuit board, above-mentioned set-up mode ensure that sunlight incidence from different directions all can be received by light sensor, sunlight is preliminarily measured by the set-up mode of the most above-mentioned light sensor, measurement angular range is big；The light sensor of lower floor is parallel to circuit board and arranges, i.e. it is the most parallel to each other, and at the orthographic projection in the sideline being positioned at upper strata opening, bridging effect due to upper layer circuit board, even if slightly offset from vertical incidence, the light sensor of lower floor's diverse location is affected the most different by upper layer circuit board shade, causes output voltage different, therefore high to sunlight certainty of measurement.
To sum up, the solar energy automatic tracking sensor that this utility model provides, improves the certainty of measurement of solar angle degree, increases the scope that can measure angle, reduce the impact of ambient light, thus improve tracking accuracy.
For making above-mentioned purpose of the present utility model, feature and advantage to become apparent, preferred embodiment cited below particularly, and coordinate appended accompanying drawing, it is described in detail below.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the technical scheme of this utility model embodiment, the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment will be briefly described below, it is to be understood that, the following drawings illustrate only some embodiment of the present utility model, therefore the restriction to scope it is not construed as, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, it is also possible to obtain other relevant accompanying drawings according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows the exterior contour schematic diagram of a kind of solar energy automatic tracking sensor that this utility model embodiment provided；
Fig. 2 shows the internal structure schematic diagram of a kind of solar energy automatic tracking sensor that this utility model embodiment provided；
Fig. 3 shows the upper layer circuit board schematic diagram of the solar energy automatic tracking sensor that this utility model embodiment provided；
Fig. 4 shows the lower circuit plate schematic diagram of the solar energy automatic tracking sensor that this utility model embodiment provided；
Fig. 5 shows the schematic diagram of the sunlight incidence solar energy automatic tracking sensor that this utility model embodiment provided；
Illustrate:
1-base；2-transparent upper cover；3-Aviation Connector；
The upper layer circuit board of 4-；5-lower circuit plate；6-light sensor；
7-opening；8-loophole；9-the first plug；
10-the second plug.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the purpose of this utility model embodiment, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing in this utility model embodiment, technical scheme in this utility model embodiment is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of this utility model rather than whole embodiments.Generally can with various different configurations arrange and design with the assembly of this utility model embodiment that illustrate described in accompanying drawing herein.Therefore, the detailed description to the embodiment of the present utility model provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit claimed scope of the present utility model below, but is merely representative of selected embodiment of the present utility model.Based on embodiment of the present utility model, the every other embodiment that those skilled in the art are obtained on the premise of not making creative work, broadly fall into the scope of this utility model protection.
There is the problem that error is relatively big and measurement angular range is less in the method following the tracks of the sun in view of the photoelectric tracking mode in correlation technique.Based on this, this utility model embodiment provides a kind of solar energy automatic tracking sensor, is described below by embodiment.
Embodiment 1
This utility model embodiment provides a kind of solar energy automatic tracking sensor, as shown in Figure 1, 2, this solar energy automatic tracking sensor includes the circuit board that two-layer is parallel, i.e. upper layer circuit board 4 in figure and lower circuit plate 5, wherein, upper layer circuit board 4 is provided with opening (illustrating in Fig. 2) with rectangular aperture, surrounding at this opening is provided with multiple light sensor, as a example by the present embodiment is each provided with 4 light sensors in above layer circuit board 4 and lower circuit plate 5, i.e. light sensor 6 in Fig. 2；The photosurface of the light sensor 6 on upper strata vertically goes up layer circuit board 4 and towards above-mentioned opening；Multiple loophole is had at the orthographic projection in the sideline of the above-mentioned opening of lower circuit plate 5, in the present embodiment as a example by 4 loopholes, be respectively arranged with light sensor (i.e. light sensor 6 in Fig. 4) in the position at the back side of lower circuit plate 5 and each loophole, the photosurface of the light sensor 6 of lower floor is parallel with lower circuit plate 5 and towards upper layer circuit board 4.
Wherein, the solar energy automatic tracking sensor shown in Fig. 4 also illustrates two connection plugs of layer circuit board 4 and lower circuit plate 5, the respectively first plug 9 and the second plug 10.
The photosurface of the light sensor 6 on upper layer circuit board 4 is perpendicular to circuit board and arranges, and in the surrounding of opening 7, the photosurface of light sensor 6 is all towards the opening of upper layer circuit board, difference according to the luminous power received, the most different from the voltage of the operational amplifier output that light sensor 6 connects, the angle between light and upper layer circuit board 4 is judged by comparing voltage, sunlight incidence from different directions all can be received by light sensor 6, the set-up mode of the most above-mentioned light sensor carries out preliminary measurement to sunlight, measures angular range big；The light sensor of lower floor is parallel to lower circuit plate 5 and arranges, i.e. it is the most parallel to each other, and at the orthographic projection in the sideline being positioned at upper strata opening, bridging effect due to upper layer circuit board, even if slightly offset from vertical incidence, the light sensor of lower floor's diverse location is affected the most different by upper layer circuit board shade, causes output voltage different, therefore high to sunlight certainty of measurement.Light sensor on lower circuit plate 6 receives sunlight by loophole 8, covers, due to loophole, the impact effectively reducing ambient light to measuring, thus improves certainty of measurement.
When implementing, the concrete number of light sensor can be arranged as required to, in the present embodiment, the light sensor that upper layer circuit board 4 and lower circuit plate 5 are arranged is respectively 4, and the light sensor in every layer is uniformly distributed, as a example by 4, it is uniformly distributed, and to can ensure that sunlight can measure angle big；Above-mentioned light sensor is silicon cell sensor, photoconductive resistance, light sensitive diode or phototriode, preferably silicon cell sensor, and it has preferable photovoltaic cell concordance.
Upper layer circuit board 4 and lower circuit plate 5 are each configured with operational amplifier, light sensor and amplifier are connected；Connecting Aviation Connector 3 by outfan after two-layer parallel circuit boards electrical ties, above-mentioned Aviation Connector 3 is connected with peripheral control unit.
Solar energy automatic tracking sensor also includes transparent watertight shell as illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, above-mentioned shell includes transparent upper cover 2 (illustrating in Fig. 1 and 2) and base 1 with rectangle upper cover, and solar energy automatic tracking sensor entirety can be fixed on solar panel by base.
Go up layer circuit board 4 as shown in Figure 2 and lower circuit plate 5 interval is arranged, and be fixedly mounted in transparent watertight shell with copper post, the bridging effect to lower floor's light sensor of the upper layer circuit board 4 is further increased by this spaced mode, reduce sunlight and can incide the angle of lower floor's light sensor, further increase certainty of measurement.
Embodiment 2
This utility model embodiment provides a kind of solar energy automatic tracking sensor, as in figure 2 it is shown, include shell, upper layer circuit board 4, lower circuit plate 5,8 silicon cell sensors 6, Aviation Connector 3, operational amplifiers.
Above-mentioned shell includes transparent upper cover 2 and the rectangular base 1 of rectangle, and this transparent upper cover and base can also use other shapes, the most spherical etc..Transparent upper cover 2 uses PMMA material, rectangular base 1 to make by ABS material.A rectangular aperture 7 is opened at upper layer circuit board 4 center, and sunlight incides on lower circuit plate 5 through rectangular aperture 7, and this opening may also be other shapes, such as circular etc., as long as meeting the purpose of printing opacity.
As shown in Figure 3,4, upper strata silicon cell sensor 6 is separately mounted to the centre position of rectangular aperture 7 four edges and the four edges of upper layer circuit board 4, and the center of silicon cell sensor 6 aligns with the midpoint on four limits of circuit board, the photosurface unification of 4 silicon cell sensors 6 is towards the direction of rectangular aperture 7 and is perpendicular to the outfan of upper 4,4 silicon cell sensors 6 of layer circuit board and is connected with operational amplifier respectively.The position of above-mentioned silicon cell sensor can also select not in center, only need to ensure close to being evenly distributed around opening, and upper layer of silicon photocell sensor can perfectly even be distributed more than 4, can more accurately measure the angle of light.
As shown in Figure 4, the orthographic projection position in the sideline of the rectangular aperture 7 that lower circuit plate 5 is opened at upper layer circuit board 4 has four disjoint loopholes 8, the shape of loophole 8 can be rectangle or cylinder, in the orthographic projection in the sideline that loophole 8 is centrally located at opening 7, the silicon cell sensor 6 of lower floor is arranged on the back side of lower circuit plate 5,4 silicon cell sensors are close to four loopholes 8 respectively and are arranged, photosurface is towards upper layer circuit board 4 and parallel with two-tier circuit plate, and the outfan of lower floor's silicon cell sensor is connected with operational amplifier respectively.And lower floor's silicon cell sensor can perfectly even be distributed more than 4, can more accurately measure the angle of light.
Two-tier circuit plate interval is arranged, 4 interceptions of upper layer circuit board.
4, upper strata silicon cell sensor is connected with operational amplifier, the resistance on upper strata, 4 silicon cell sensors of lower floor are also connected with operational amplifier, the resistance of lower floor, the signal of telecommunication of silicon cell sensor output is connected with the input of operational amplifier by after electric resistance partial pressure, and the power input of two operational amplifiers is connected by the first plug 9 with outfan.After two-tier circuit plate is connected by first plug the 9, second plug 10 up and down, outfan connects Aviation Connector.
Solar energy automatic tracking sensor is fixed on solar panel by base in use, it is ensured that two-layer parallel circuit boards is parallel with solar panel.
Under illumination condition, the photosurface of 4 the silicon cell sensors in upper strata of solar energy automatic tracking sensor is all towards middle opening, therefore in the case of sunlight non-normal incidence, the light quantity difference that 4 silicon cell sensors receive, and then the voltage of output is the most different, the output voltage of silicon cell sensor exports after electric resistance partial pressure, operational amplifier operation amplifier, is connected with peripheral control unit through Aviation Connector 3.The output voltage of 4 the silicon cell sensors in upper strata is compared by controller, determine the silicon cell sensor that output voltage is maximum, this silicon cell sensor i.e. is maximum with the angle of sunlight, and controller sends the opposite direction motion that control instruction makes solar energy tracking mechanism drive solar panel to the silicon cell sensor place corresponding to maximum.Through constantly measuring the angle of tracking adjustment solar panel, finally with sunlight close to vertical, now the output voltage of 4 the silicon cell sensors in upper strata is consistent, and output voltage numerical value is the least.
4 silicon cell sensors of lower circuit plate 5 are positioned at the orthographic projection position in the sideline of the rectangular aperture 7 that layer circuit board 4 is opened, and after through 4, upper strata silicon cell sensor to the preliminary surveying of sunlight and tracking, are accurately positioned sunlight and follow the tracks of.Owing to sunlight is blocked by the edge of the rectangular aperture 7 of upper layer circuit board 4, the only sunlight close to perpendicular circuit board just can incide the photosurface of 4 silicon cell sensors, as shown in Figure 5, the light quantity that the silicon cell sensor of diverse location receives is different, and then the voltage of output is the most different, the output voltage of 4 silicon cell sensors of lower floor is compared by controller, determine the silicon cell sensor that output voltage is maximum, controller sends the opposite direction motion that control instruction makes solar energy tracking mechanism drive solar panel to the silicon cell sensor place corresponding to maximum.Due to blocking of upper layer circuit board 4 and loophole 8, sunlight deviates vertical minute angle and i.e. the output voltage of 4 silicon cell sensors of lower floor is produced considerable influence, therefore can be accurately positioned sunlight and follow the tracks of.When output voltage is equal or approximately equal, then it is assumed that sunlight vertical incidence solar panel.
In sum, this utility model when sunlight is tracked 4, upper strata silicon cell optical sensor for sunlight is carried out preliminary measurement and tracking, measurement angular range is big, and 4 silicon cell sensors of lower floor can be accurately positioned on the basis of above-mentioned tracking and follow the tracks of.The advantage that solar energy automatic tracking sensor has simple in construction, with low cost, precision is high, working stability, sensitive volume are big that this utility model provides, can be simultaneously from the change in location of four corners of the world four direction detection sunlight.
Embodiment 3
This utility model embodiment provides a kind of device of solar generating, including fixing device, photovoltaic module, rotating mechanism, controller.Above-mentioned photovoltaic module is preferably solar panel, solar energy automatic tracking sensor in embodiment 1 or 2 is fixed to this device of solar generating, and ensure that the two-tier circuit plate of solar energy automatic tracking sensor is parallel with solar panel, persistently keep solar panel vertical with sunlight with following the tracks of the measurement of sunlight by this solar energy automatic tracking sensor, thus improve the utilization ratio of solar energy.
Simultaneously, solar energy automatic tracking sensor in embodiment 1 or 2 can be used for solar thermal collector, the utilization ratio of solar energy can be effectively improved, and then for solar water heater, solar cooker, active solar house, solar energy greenhouse, solar energy drying, solar industry heating, solar energy thermal-power-generating etc..
In description of the present utility model, in addition it is also necessary to explanation, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " is arranged ", " installation ", " being connected ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, and connects for example, it may be fixing, can also be to removably connect, or be integrally connected；Can be to be mechanically connected, it is also possible to be electrical connection；Can be to be joined directly together, it is also possible to be indirectly connected to by intermediary, can be the connection of two element internals.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term concrete meaning in this utility model can be understood with concrete condition.
Last it is noted that embodiment described above, it is only detailed description of the invention of the present utility model, in order to the technical solution of the utility model to be described, it is not intended to limit, protection domain of the present utility model is not limited thereto, although this utility model being described in detail with reference to previous embodiment, it will be understood by those within the art that: any those familiar with the art is in the technical scope that this utility model discloses, technical scheme described in previous embodiment still can be modified by it maybe can readily occur in change, or wherein portion of techniques feature is carried out equivalent；And these are revised, change or replace, the essence of appropriate technical solution is not made to depart from the spirit and scope of this utility model embodiment technical scheme.All should contain within protection domain of the present utility model.Therefore, protection domain of the present utility model should be as the criterion with scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. a solar energy automatic tracking sensor, it is characterized in that, and the circuit board of electrical connection parallel including two-layer, upper layer circuit board is provided with opening, surrounding at described opening is provided with multiple light sensor, the vertical described upper layer circuit board of photosurface of described light sensor and towards described opening；
Multiple loophole is had at the orthographic projection in the sideline of the described opening of lower circuit plate, be respectively arranged with light sensor in the position at the back side of described lower circuit plate and each described loophole, the photosurface of the described light sensor on described lower circuit plate is parallel with described lower circuit plate and towards described upper layer circuit board.
Solar energy automatic tracking sensor the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the described light sensor that the light sensor that described upper layer circuit board and described lower circuit plate are arranged is respectively at least 4, and every layer is uniformly distributed.
Solar energy automatic tracking sensor the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described light sensor is silicon cell sensor, photoconductive resistance, light sensitive diode or phototriode.
Solar energy automatic tracking sensor the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described opening is rectangle.
Solar energy automatic tracking sensor the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described upper layer circuit board and described lower circuit plate are each configured with operational amplifier, and the light sensor of described upper layer circuit board is connected with the operational amplifier of described upper layer circuit board；The light sensor of described lower circuit plate is connected with the operational amplifier of described lower circuit plate.
Solar energy automatic tracking sensor the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the outfan of the circuit board that described two-layer is parallel connects Aviation Connector.
Solar energy automatic tracking sensor the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described Aviation Connector is connected with peripheral control unit.
8. according to the solar energy automatic tracking sensor described in claim 1-7 any one, it is characterised in that also include that transparent watertight shell, described shell include transparent upper cover and base.
Solar energy automatic tracking sensor the most according to claim 8, it is characterised in that described upper layer circuit board and described lower circuit plate interval are arranged, and are fixedly mounted in described transparent watertight shell.
10. a device of solar generating, including fixing device, photovoltaic module, rotating mechanism, controller, it is characterised in that also include the solar energy automatic tracking sensor as described in claim 1-9 any one.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620302295.2U CN205540301U (en) | 2016-04-11 | 2016-04-11 | Solar energy automatic tracking sensor and solar power system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620302295.2U CN205540301U (en) | 2016-04-11 | 2016-04-11 | Solar energy automatic tracking sensor and solar power system |
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| CN205540301U true CN205540301U (en) | 2016-08-31 |
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| CN201620302295.2U Expired - Fee Related CN205540301U (en) | 2016-04-11 | 2016-04-11 | Solar energy automatic tracking sensor and solar power system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110297505A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2019-10-01 | 阿聚尔斯佩西太阳能有限责任公司 | Solar tracking unit |
| CN111795672A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2020-10-20 | 重庆浪尖智能科技研究院有限公司 | Sun tracking sensing method |
-
2016
- 2016-04-11 CN CN201620302295.2U patent/CN205540301U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110297505A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2019-10-01 | 阿聚尔斯佩西太阳能有限责任公司 | Solar tracking unit |
| CN111795672A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2020-10-20 | 重庆浪尖智能科技研究院有限公司 | Sun tracking sensing method |
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