CN102541081B - Solar tracking photoelectric sensor and photovoltaic power generation system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a solar tracking photoelectric sensor. It includes a casing and a controller. In the casing, an induction circuit board and a light reflector are sequentially arranged along the direction of sunlight incident, and the induction circuit board is electrically connected to the controller. The side of the sensing circuit board close to the sun is provided with a transparent protective piece, the front side of the sensing circuit board is provided with a front sensing element, the reverse side of the sensing circuit board is provided with a reverse sensing element, the sensing circuit board and the A light leakage gap is formed between the casings, so that obliquely incident light is reflected on the reverse surface sensing element after being irradiated on the light reflection member through the transparent protective member and the light leakage gap. The solar tracking photoelectric sensor of the invention can more accurately calculate the angle of the sun's oblique rays, and has a simple structure and low cost. The invention also provides a photovoltaic power generation system.

Description

Solar tracking photoelectric sensor and photovoltaic power generation system

technical field

The invention relates to a solar tracking photoelectric sensor and a photovoltaic power generation system. the

Background technique

As the earth's resources become increasingly scarce, the investment cost of basic energy is rising day by day, and various hidden dangers of safety and pollution are ubiquitous. Photovoltaic energy, as a non-polluting and inexhaustible safe and environmentally friendly new energy, has been paid more and more attention. the

As an energy-collecting device for photovoltaic power generation, the battery sail is closely related to the position of the sun. If the energy-collecting surface of the battery sail is kept perpendicular to the sun, more solar energy can be used within a limited area of use. Improving the utilization rate of solar energy is the preferred solution, in which solar tracking photoelectric sensors play a pivotal role. the

Traditional photovoltaic power generation systems generally include solar panels, mechanical transmission systems, towers, solar tracking photoelectric sensors, tracking control circuits, and windproof reset control devices. Wherein, there are multiple groups of batteries arrayed on the solar panel. The mechanical transmission system includes a horizontal angle drive mechanism and an elevation angle drive mechanism for driving the solar cell array to rotate in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction respectively to track the rays irradiated by the sun. For example, Chinese patent document CN1148867 discloses such a photovoltaic power generation system. Towers are generally installed on the ground, and can also be installed on buildings. For example, Chinese patent application CN99110049.2 discloses a solar cell assembly, its installation method and a solar generator using the assembly, wherein the solar cell is installed on the roof . the

Studies have shown that the energy utilization rate of the photovoltaic power generation system is very different between tracking and non-tracking of the sun's light movement. Chinese patent application CN200910117269.7 discloses a solar tracking position sensor, which is a position sensor of a solar tracking system in the field of solar energy applications; the upper surface of the shell is provided with protective glass, and the inside of the shell is equipped with a small upper, lower, and large conical reflector Cover, install the fan-shaped photoelectric device at the lower end of the conical reflector, install the circuit board close to the lower surface of the photoelectric device, and assemble it on the lower end surface of the shell by the bottom cover; simple structure, low cost, high resolution, and more accurate performance Track the sun accurately, receive maximum sunlight, effectively improve solar energy utilization, and provide all-weather photoelectric signals. However, this patent application discloses that when the light is obliquely projected, an error signal will be generated due to the inconsistency of the energy received by each group of photoelectric devices, but it does not disclose how to measure the incident angle of the sun's rays, which cannot accurately track the sun and keep the battery sail set The energy surface is irradiated perpendicularly to the sunlight. the

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the technical problem that the traditional solar tracking position sensor cannot measure the incident angle of the sun's rays and thus cannot accurately track the sun, the present invention provides a solar tracking photoelectric sensor, which can measure the incident angle of the sun's rays, track the sun more accurately, and maintain The energy-collecting surface of the battery sail is irradiated perpendicularly to the sunlight to receive the light to the greatest extent and effectively improve the utilization rate of solar energy. the

The present invention adopts the following technical schemes to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. the

The solar tracking photoelectric sensor includes a housing and a controller. In the housing, an induction circuit board and a reflector are sequentially arranged along the direction of sunlight incidence. The induction circuit board is electrically connected to the controller, and the induction circuit The side of the plate close to the sun is provided with a transparent protective piece, the front surface of the induction circuit board is provided with a front induction element, the reverse surface of the induction circuit board is provided with a reverse induction element, the connection between the induction circuit board and the housing A light leakage gap is formed between them, so that the obliquely incident light is reflected on the reverse sensing element on the sensing circuit board after being irradiated on the reflective member through the transparent protective member and the light leakage gap. the

As a preferred technical solution of the solar tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention, the transparent protective member is protective glass. the

As a preferred technical solution of the solar tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention, the reflective member is reflective glass. the

As a preferred technical solution of the solar tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention, light intensity weakening glass is pasted on the side of the transparent protective member away from the sun. the

As a preferred technical solution of the solar tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention, the transparent protective member, the sensing circuit board, and the reflective member are all plate-shaped, and the transparent protective member, the sensing circuit board, and the reflective The components are sequentially arranged in parallel and spaced in the housing. the

As a preferred technical solution of the solar tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention, the front sensing element and the reverse sensing element are phototubes, photomultiplier tubes, photocells, photoresistors or phototransistors. the

As a preferred technical solution of the solar tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention, both the front sensing element and the reverse sensing element are photocells. the

As a preferred technical solution of the solar tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention, the housing is in the shape of a square. the

As a preferred technical solution of the solar tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention, each corner of the inner wall of the housing is provided with mounting blocks, and each corner of the induction circuit board is correspondingly overlapped and fixed on each mounting block. the

As a preferred technical solution of the solar tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention, the light leakage gap is a gap formed between the inner wall of the casing and the periphery of the sensing circuit board. the

As a preferred technical solution of the solar tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention, the front sensing element is located in the middle of the sensing circuit board, and the number is one. the

As a preferred technical solution of the solar tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention, the reverse sensing elements are uniformly arranged in sequence along the direction perpendicular to each side of the sensing circuit board with the reverse position corresponding to the front sensing element as the center. the

As a preferred technical solution of the solar tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention, the reverse sensing elements are arranged in a cross shape, and the number of reverse sensing elements arranged in a direction perpendicular to each side of the sensing circuit board is at least three. the

The invention also discloses a photovoltaic power generation system, which includes a solar panel, a transmission system, a photoelectric sensor and a tower, the transmission system is installed between the tower and the solar panel, and the photoelectric sensor and The transmission system is electrically connected, and the photoelectric sensor is the solar tracking photoelectric sensor mentioned above. the

As a preferred technical solution of the photovoltaic power generation system of the present invention, the photoelectric sensor is installed on the surface of the solar cell panel, and the transparent protective member, the induction circuit board and the reflective member are all connected to the solar cell The surfaces of the plates are parallel. the

Compared with the traditional solar tracking position sensor, the solar tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention includes a housing and a controller. In the housing, an induction circuit board and a reflector are sequentially arranged along the direction of sunlight incidence, and the induction circuit The board is electrically connected with the controller, the side of the sensing circuit board close to the sun is provided with a transparent protective piece, the front of the sensing circuit board is provided with a front sensing element, and the reverse side of the sensing circuit board is provided with a reverse sensing element. A light leakage gap is formed between the induction circuit board and the housing, so that the obliquely incident light is reflected to the induction circuit after being irradiated on the reflective element through the transparent protective member and the light leakage gap on the opposite sensing element on the board. After the sun is slanted, when the light is irradiated on the reflective glass through the light leakage gap between the induction circuit board and the casing, the reflected light passes through the corresponding reflection angle, and the sunlight is reflected and irradiated onto the bottom surface (also called the reverse side in this paper) of the induction circuit board. Reverse sensing element. The sensing element on the reverse side of the sensing circuit board that is irradiated by sunlight will sense the light and generate a corresponding signal, which is compared with the sensing signal of the front sensing element. If the two signals are the same or similar, the direction of the sun can be judged. The corresponding direction is tilted, and the tilt angle of the sun can be calculated according to the position of the sensing element on the reverse side that is irradiated. Therefore, the solar tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention is simple in structure, low in cost, and high in resolution, and it can track the sun more accurately, keep the energy-collecting surface of the solar panel and the sunlight vertically, receive the light to the greatest extent, and effectively improve the utilization rate of solar energy. And can provide all-weather photoelectric signal. the

Other advantages, features and aspects of the present invention can be further understood by reading the following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. the

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front sectional schematic diagram of the solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor of an embodiment of the present invention when direct sunlight;

Fig. 2 is the positive sectional schematic diagram of the solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor of an embodiment of the present invention when the sunlight obliquely shines;

Fig. 3 is the top view schematic diagram of the solar energy tracking photoelectric sensor of an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the photovoltaic power generation system of an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is another schematic diagram of a photovoltaic power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention. the

Explanation of reference signs

1 Transparent protective part; 2 Light intensity weakened glass;

3 reflectors; 4 induction circuit boards;

5 controller; 6 bottom cover;

7 housing; 72 the first installation block;

74 the second installation block; 76 the third installation block;

78 fourth mounting block; 800 front sensing element;

801 first reverse sensing element; 802 second reverse sensing element;

803 third reverse sensing element; 804 fourth reverse sensing element;

805 fifth reverse sensing element; 806 sixth negative sensing element;

807 seventh reverse sensing element; 808 eighth reverse sensing element;

809 ninth negative sensor element; 810 tenth negative sensor element;

811 Eleventh reverse sensing element; 812 Twelfth reverse sensing element;

91 the first light leakage gap; 92 the second light leakage gap;

93 third light leakage gap; 94 fourth light leakage gap;

100 photoelectric sensors; 200 solar panels;

300 transmission system; 400 tower;

500 suns. the

Detailed ways

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention. the

Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Herein, the same reference numerals denote the same constituents. Herein, the term "front side" refers to the side facing the sun, and the term "back side" or "bottom side" refers to the side facing away from the sun. the

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , the solar tracking photoelectric sensor of this specific embodiment includes a housing 7 , a sensing circuit board 4 , a reflector 3 and a controller 5 . Wherein, the induction circuit board 4 and the reflective member 3 are sequentially arranged in the casing 7 along the direction of sunlight incident. The induction circuit board 4 is electrically connected with the controller 5 . In a preferred embodiment of the solar tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention, the reflective member 3 is reflective glass. Moreover, in a preferred embodiment of the solar tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention, the housing 7 is in the shape of a square, such as a square or a rectangle. the

The reflective member 3 is disposed below the sensing circuit board 4 , and the transparent protective member 1 is disposed above the sensing circuit board 4 . In a preferred embodiment of the solar tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention, the transparent protective member 1 is protective glass. the

The front surface of the sensing circuit board 4 is provided with a front sensing element 800 . Front sensing elements are, for example, photocells, photomultiplier tubes, photoresistors, phototransistors, photocouplers, solar cells, infrared sensors, ultraviolet sensors, fiber optic photoelectric sensors, color sensors, CCD and CMOS sensors, etc. In a preferred embodiment of the solar tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention, the front sensing element is a photoelectric tube, a photomultiplier tube, a photoresistor or a phototransistor. More preferably, the front sensing element is a photocell. the

The reverse side of the sensing circuit board 4 is provided with a first reverse sensing element 801, a second reverse sensing element 802, a third reverse sensing element 803, a fourth reverse sensing element 804, a fifth reverse sensing element 805, and a sixth reverse sensing element. 806 , the seventh back sensing element 807 , the eighth back sensing element 808 , the ninth back sensing element 809 , the tenth back sensing element 810 , the eleventh back sensing element 811 , and the twelfth back sensing element 812 . Reverse sensing elements are, for example, photocells, photomultiplier tubes, photocells, phototransistors, photocouplers, solar cells, infrared sensors, ultraviolet sensors, fiber optic photoelectric sensors, color sensors, CCD and CMOS sensors, etc. In a preferred embodiment of the solar tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention, the first backside sensing element 801, the second backside sensing element 802, the third backside sensing element 803, the fourth backside sensing element 804, the fifth backside sensing element 805, Sixth backside sensing element 806, seventh backside sensing element 807, eighth backside sensing element 808, ninth backside sensing element 809, tenth backside sensing element 810, eleventh backside sensing element 811, twelfth backside sensing element 812 is a photoelectric tube, a photomultiplier tube, a photocell or a phototransistor. More preferably, the first reverse sensing element 801, the second reverse sensing element 802, the third reverse sensing element 803, the fourth reverse sensing element 804, the fifth reverse sensing element 805, the sixth reverse sensing element 806, the seventh reverse sensing element The back sensing element 807 , the eighth back sensing element 808 , the ninth back sensing element 809 , the tenth back sensing element 810 , the eleventh back sensing element 811 , and the twelfth back sensing element 812 are photovoltaic cells. Those skilled in the art should know that a photovoltaic cell is a special semiconductor diode that can convert visible light into direct current. There are many types of photocells, such as selenium photocells, silicon photocells, thallium sulfide, and silver sulfide photocells. Mainly used in instrumentation, automation telemetry and remote control. the

A light leakage gap is formed between the sensing circuit board 4 and the housing 7, so that the obliquely incident light irradiates on the reflective member 3 through the transparent protective member 1 and the light leakage gap, and then is reflected to the On the reverse sensing element of the induction circuit board 4. The light leakage gap is used to guide the sun's irradiating light to a specific row or row of opposite sensing elements, so as to obtain the oblique angle of the sun. The light leakage gap is an artificially set light path, which can be set in various ways and is not limited to the specific illustrated embodiment of the present invention. In a preferred embodiment of the solar tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention, the transparent protective member 1, the sensing circuit board 4, and the reflective member 3 are all plate-shaped, and the transparent protective member 1, the sensing The circuit board 4 and the reflective member 3 are sequentially arranged in the housing 7 in parallel and at intervals. the

In yet another preferred embodiment of the solar tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention, light intensity weakening glass is attached to the bottom of the transparent protective member 1 . the

In yet another preferred embodiment of the solar tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention, a first mounting block 72, a second mounting block 74, a third mounting block 76, a fourth mounting block, Each corner of the induction circuit board 4 is correspondingly overlapped and fixed on each of the first mounting block 72 , the second mounting block 74 , the third mounting block 76 , and the fourth mounting block 78 . the

In yet another preferred embodiment of the solar tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention, the light leakage gap is a gap formed between the inner wall of the casing 7 and the periphery of the sensing circuit board 4 . As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 , a first light leakage gap 91 , a second light leakage gap 92 , a third light leakage gap 93 or a fourth light leakage gap are formed between the inner wall of the housing 7 and the periphery of the induction circuit board 4 . 94. Preferably, the first light leakage gap 91, the second light leakage gap 92, the third light leakage gap 93 and the fourth light leakage gap 94 have the same size and shape. the

In yet another preferred embodiment of the solar tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention, the front sensing element 800 is located in the middle of the sensing circuit board 4 , and the number is one. the

In yet another preferred embodiment of the solar tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention, the first back sensing element 801, the second back sensing element 802, the third back sensing element 803, the fourth back sensing element 804, the fifth back sensing Element 805, sixth reverse sensing element 806, seventh reverse sensing element 807, eighth reverse sensing element 808, ninth reverse sensing element 809, tenth reverse sensing element 810, eleventh reverse sensing element 811, twelfth reverse The sensing elements 812 are uniformly arranged in a direction perpendicular to each side of the sensing circuit board 4 , centered on the position on the reverse side corresponding to the front sensing element 800 . Moreover, the first back sensing element 801, the second back sensing element 802, the third back sensing element 803, the fourth back sensing element 804, the fifth back sensing element 805, the sixth back sensing element 806, the seventh back sensing element The element 807, the eighth reverse sensing element 808, the ninth reverse sensing element 809, the tenth reverse sensing element 810, the eleventh reverse sensing element 811, and the twelfth reverse sensing element 812 are arranged in a cross shape, and are perpendicular to the sensing circuit The number of reverse sensing elements arranged in the direction of each side of the board 4 is at least three. the

A specific embodiment of the solar tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention is described in detail below. In some embodiments, the front sensing element 800, the first reverse sensing element 801, the second reverse sensing element 802, and the third reverse sensing element 803 , the fourth back sensing element 804, the fifth back sensing element 805, the sixth back sensing element 806, the seventh back sensing element 807, the eighth back sensing element 808, the ninth back sensing element 809, the tenth back sensing element 810, Both the eleventh reverse sensing element 811 and the twelfth reverse sensing element 812 are photocells. the

As shown in FIG. 1 , the solar tracking photoelectric sensor of this embodiment is a photoelectric sensor based on photovoltaic cells. The solar tracking photoelectric sensor is mainly composed of a transparent protective part 1 , a light intensity weakening glass 2 , a reflective part 3 , a sensing circuit board 4 , a controller 5 and a casing 7 . An important function of the transparent protective member 1 is to prevent foreign matter from entering the interior of the casing 7 and allow sunlight to enter. An important function of the light intensity weakening glass 2 is to weaken the light intensity and avoid glare. Of course, no light intensity weakening glass can be provided according to the degree of light intensity. An important function of the light reflector 3 is to reflect light, and reflect the oblique light passing through the first light leakage gap 91, the second light leakage gap 92, the third light leakage gap 93 or the fourth light leakage gap 94 to the reverse sensing element of the sensing circuit board 4 ( That is, the first back sensing element 801, the second back sensing element 802, the third back sensing element 803, the fourth back sensing element 804, the fifth back sensing element 805, the sixth back sensing element 806, and the seventh back sensing element 807, the eighth reverse sensing element 808, the ninth reverse sensing element 809, the tenth reverse sensing element 810, the eleventh reverse sensing element 811, and the twelfth reverse sensing element 812). An important function of the sensing circuit board is to utilize the front sensing element 800 and the first reverse sensing element 801, the second reverse sensing element 802, the third reverse sensing element 803, the fourth reverse sensing element 804, and the fifth reverse sensing element 805. , the sixth back sensing element 806, the seventh back sensing element 807, the eighth back sensing element 808, the ninth back sensing element 809, the tenth back sensing element 810, the eleventh back sensing element 811, the twelfth back sensing element 812 sensor light. An important function of the controller 5 is to control and analyze the signal input by the sensing circuit board 4 . An important function of the casing 7 is to constitute the external structure. Moreover, in this embodiment, the bottom of the housing 7 has a bottom cover 6 for easy assembly and disassembly. the

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 , a transparent protective member 1 is provided on the uppermost layer of the upper surface of the casing 7 . A layer of light intensity weakening glass 2 is placed under the transparent protective member 1 . The light intensity weakening glass 2 is brown. An induction circuit board 4 is separately placed on the back of the brown light intensity weakening glass 2 . The controller 5 is placed in the bottom cover 6 of the housing 7 . the

A reflector 3 is placed in parallel on the controller 5 . Wherein, the reflective member 3 can be reflective glass, or a reflective coating can be made on the flat plate. The sensing circuit board 4 , the reflector 3 and the controller 5 are packaged in the casing 7 by the bottom cover 6 . A photocell is placed in the middle of the front of the sensing circuit board 4 , and the photocell is used as the front sensing element 800 . The reverse side of the sensing circuit board 4 takes the center as the origin, and places an equal number of photocells symmetrically along the coordinate axis, as shown in FIG. Of course, the number of the inductive elements on the opposite side can be appropriately changed according to specific conditions. The greater the number, the denser the arrangement, and the higher the accuracy of the measured solar ray inclination angle. the

As shown in FIG. 1 , when sunlight penetrates through the transparent protective member 1 and weakens the glass 2 through the brown glass, it is vertically injected into the housing 2 , and the sunlight directly irradiates the front sensing element 800 on the front surface of the sensing circuit board 4 . And through the light leakage gap between the induction circuit board 4 and the inner wall of the housing 7 (i.e. the first light leakage gap 91, the second light leakage gap 92, the third light leakage gap 93 or the fourth light leakage gap 94) to irradiate on the light reflector 3. Due to the vertical incidence, the light reflected by the reflector 3 returns from the original optical path and does not irradiate the lower surface of the sensing circuit board 4, so the reverse sensing element on the lower surface of the sensing circuit board will not receive light, which is different from the sensing signal of the front sensing element . For example, in this embodiment, the photovoltaic cells arranged on the front side of the sensing circuit board 4 generate electromotive force due to receiving light, while the photovoltaic cells disposed on the reverse side of the sensing circuit board 4 do not generate electromotive force. At this time, the result of vertical incidence of sunlight is detected. the

As shown in FIG. 2 , when the sunlight is tilted at a certain angle, the front sensing element 800 of the sensing circuit board 4 is the same as being directly illuminated, regardless of whether it is vertically incident or not. Therefore, the front sensing element 800 of the sensing circuit board 4 can judge the light intensity at that time (that is, cloudy or sunny weather). After the sun is slanted, it passes through the light leakage gap between the induction circuit board 4 and the housing 7 (that is, the first light leakage gap 91, the second light leakage gap 92, the third light leakage gap 93 or the fourth light leakage gap 94) and shines on the reflector 3 When the reflected light passes through the corresponding reflection angle, the sunlight is reflected and irradiated to the reverse sensing element on the reverse surface of the sensing circuit board 4, the first reverse sensing element 801, the second reverse sensing element 802, and the third reverse sensing element in this embodiment Element 803, Fourth Reverse Sensing Element 804, Fifth Reverse Sensing Element 805, Sixth Reverse Sensing Element 806, Seventh Reverse Sensing Element 807, Eighth Reverse Sensing Element 808, Ninth Reverse Sensing Element 809, Tenth Reverse Sensing Element 810 , the eleventh reverse-side sensing element 811 , and the twelfth reverse-side sensing element 812 . The inductive element on the reverse side of the inductive circuit board 4 will send a corresponding signal after being irradiated. For example, in the present embodiment, the photoelectric cell that is irradiated by sunlight on the reverse side of the sensing circuit board 4 will generate an electromotive force. If it is compared with the photoelectric cell on the front side, the electromotive force generated by the photoelectric cell on the reverse side is the same or similar to that produced by the photoelectric cell on the front side. , it can be judged that the sun is tilted in the corresponding direction, and the tilt angle of the sun can be calculated by the positioning of the photocell that is irradiated. Herein, the term "corresponding direction" refers to the specific irradiating direction of the sun calculated from the photovoltaic cell generating the electromotive force. The calculation method is, for example: place a cross-shaped photocell array evenly on the induction circuit board 4, the distance between the reflector 3 and the lower surface of the induction circuit board 4 is b mm, when it is detected that the photocell at the position a mm from the edge of the induction circuit board 4 generates an electromotive force and When the generated electromotive force is close to the electromotive force produced by the photocell placed on the front side of the induction circuit board 4, it can be judged that the light irradiates the photocell on the opposite side at this time, and thus the oblique angle A of the sun can be estimated as arctan (a/2b). the

The solar tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention uses a simple sensing element such as an array of photocells to convert the illumination angle into the output change of the sensing element at a specific angle, thereby accurately reflecting the change of the illumination angle with the output signal change of the sensing element, so that it can fundamentally Above all, it solves the errors existing in the photoelectric device itself, the insufficient linearity of the photoelectric characteristic curve of the photoelectric device, and the limitation of the light intensity sensing range when the traditional light angle sensor uses the change of the incident light intensity to affect the change of the micro-current output of the sensing circuit board as the basis for discrimination. The problems caused by the angle discrimination range are small, the error is large, and the light intensity is greatly affected. Moreover, the solar tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, and high reliability, and can accurately reflect the incident angle of sunlight with the magnitude of the voltage within a preset angle measurement range and within a certain accuracy requirement range, and can fully improve Invention of photocell-based light angle sensor for solar energy utilization. the

Compared with the traditional solar tracking position sensor, the solar tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention includes a housing, an induction circuit board, a reflector and a controller, the reflector is arranged under the induction circuit board, and the induction circuit A transparent protective piece is provided above the board, a front sensing element is provided on the front of the sensing circuit board, a reverse sensing element is provided on the reverse side of the sensing circuit board, and a light leakage is formed between the sensing circuit board and the housing. The gap is such that the obliquely incident light is reflected to the sensing element on the opposite side of the sensing circuit board after being irradiated on the reflective member through the transparent protective member and the light leakage gap. After the sun is slanted, when the light is irradiated on the reflective glass through the light leakage gap between the induction circuit board and the casing, the reflected light passes through the corresponding reflection angle, and the sunlight is reflected and irradiated onto the bottom surface (also called the reverse side in this paper) of the induction circuit board. Reverse sensing element. The sensing element on the reverse side of the sensing circuit board that is irradiated by sunlight will sense the light and generate a corresponding signal, which is compared with the sensing signal of the front sensing element. If the two signals are the same or similar, the direction of the sun can be judged. The corresponding direction is tilted, and the tilt angle of the sun can be calculated according to the position of the sensing element on the reverse side that is irradiated. Therefore, the solar tracking photoelectric sensor of the present invention is simple in structure, low in cost, and high in resolution, and it can track the sun more accurately, keep the energy-collecting surface of the solar panel and the sunlight vertically, receive the light to the greatest extent, and effectively improve the utilization rate of solar energy. And can provide all-weather photoelectric signal. the

The invention also provides a photovoltaic power generation system. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 , the photovoltaic power generation system includes a solar panel 200, a transmission system 300, a photoelectric sensor 100, and a tower 400. The transmission system 300 is installed between the tower 400 and the solar panel 200 . The photoelectric sensor 100 is electrically connected to the transmission system 300 . The connection and control of the solar cell panel 200 , the transmission system 300 , the tower 400 , and the photoelectric sensor 100 and the transmission system 300 can adopt the existing technology, which will not be repeated here. the

Wherein, the photoelectric sensor 100 is the solar tracking photoelectric sensor mentioned above. In this embodiment, the photoelectric sensor 100 is installed on the surface of the solar cell panel 200, and the transparent protective member 1, the sensing circuit board 4 and the reflective member 3 are all connected with the solar cell panel 200 parallel to the surface. As shown in FIG. 4 , when the sun 500 is tilted at a certain angle to the solar panel 200 , the photoelectric sensor 100 senses the tilt angle of the sun 500 according to the above principle. Then, the controller 5 of the photoelectric sensor 100 sends a signal command to the transmission system 300 to control the transmission system 300 to perform actions so that the solar panel 200 is always perpendicular to the incident light of the sun 500 after turning through a certain angle, as shown in FIG. 5 . the

According to the photovoltaic power generation system provided by the present invention, after the sun is obliquely irradiated on the reflector 3 through the light leakage gap between the induction circuit board 4 and the housing 7, the reflected light passes through the corresponding reflection angle, and the sunlight is reflected and irradiated to the induction circuit. Reverse sensing element on reverse side of board 4. The reverse sensing element of the sensing circuit board 4 that is irradiated by sunlight will sense the light irradiation and generate a corresponding signal, which is compared with the sensing signal of the front sensing element, and if the two signals are the same or similar, it can be judged When the sun is tilted in the corresponding direction, the tilt angle of the sun can be calculated according to the position of the sensing element on the opposite side that is irradiated, and the transmission system 300 is controlled to perform actions so that the solar panel 200 can always meet the incident sun 500 The light is vertical, so that the energy-collecting surface of the solar cell panel 200 is kept perpendicular to the sunlight to receive light to the greatest extent, effectively improve the utilization rate of solar energy, and provide all-weather photoelectric signals. the

It is easy for those skilled in the art to know that the above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are all Should be included within the protection scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is determined by the claims. the

Claims (15)

1. A solar tracking photoelectric sensor, including a housing and a controller, in which a sensing circuit board and a reflector are arranged in sequence along the direction of sunlight incidence, the sensing circuit board is electrically connected to the controller, and its features The side of the sensing circuit board close to the sun is provided with a transparent protective piece, the front of the sensing circuit board is provided with a front sensing element, the reverse side of the sensing circuit board is provided with a reverse sensing element, and the sensing circuit board A light leakage gap is formed between the casing and the casing, so that the obliquely incident light is reflected on the reverse sensing element after being irradiated on the light reflection member through the transparent protective member and the light leakage gap. 2 . The solar tracking photoelectric sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the transparent protective member is protective glass. 3 . 3. The solar tracking photoelectric sensor according to claim 1, wherein the reflective member is reflective glass. 4 . The solar tracking photoelectric sensor according to claim 1 , wherein light intensity weakening glass is pasted on the side of the transparent protective member away from the sun. 5. The solar tracking photoelectric sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, the transparent protective member, the sensing circuit board, and the reflective member are all plate-shaped, and the transparent protective member, the sensing circuit The plate and the reflective member are arranged in parallel and spaced in sequence in the housing. 6 . The solar tracking photoelectric sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the front sensing element and the back sensing element are phototubes, photomultiplier tubes, photocells, photoresistors or phototransistors. 7. The solar tracking photoelectric sensor according to claim 6, characterized in that, both the front sensing element and the reverse sensing element are photocells. 8. The solar tracking photoelectric sensor according to claim 1, wherein the housing is in the shape of a square. 9. The solar tracking photoelectric sensor according to claim 8, characterized in that, each corner of the inner wall of the housing is provided with a mounting block, and each corner of the induction circuit board is correspondingly overlapped and fixed on each mounting block. on the block. 10 . The solar tracking photoelectric sensor according to claim 9 , wherein the light leakage gap is a gap formed between the inner wall of the casing and the periphery of the sensing circuit board. 11 . 11. The solar tracking photoelectric sensor according to claim 1, wherein the front sensing element is located in the middle of the sensing circuit board, and the number is one. 12 . The solar tracking photoelectric sensor according to claim 11 , wherein the reverse sensing elements are uniformly arranged in sequence along the direction perpendicular to each side of the sensing circuit board with the corresponding reverse position of the front sensing elements as the center. 13 . 13. The solar tracking photoelectric sensor according to claim 12, characterized in that, the reverse sensing elements are arranged in a cross shape, and the number of reverse sensing elements arranged in a direction perpendicular to each side of the sensing circuit board is at least three indivual. 14. Photovoltaic power generation system, comprising a solar panel, a transmission system, a photoelectric sensor and a tower, the transmission system is installed between the tower and the solar panel, and the photoelectric sensor is electrically connected to the transmission system , characterized in that the photoelectric sensor is the solar tracking photoelectric sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 13. 15. The photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 14, wherein the photoelectric sensor is installed on the surface of the solar panel, and the transparent protective member, the induction circuit board and the reflective member are all parallel to the surface of the solar panel.