CN103268123B - A kind of solar energy collecting conveyer that can automatic sun-tracking - Google Patents
A kind of solar energy collecting conveyer that can automatic sun-tracking Download PDFInfo
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- CN103268123B CN103268123B CN201310232089.XA CN201310232089A CN103268123B CN 103268123 B CN103268123 B CN 103268123B CN 201310232089 A CN201310232089 A CN 201310232089A CN 103268123 B CN103268123 B CN 103268123B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of solar energy collecting conveyer that can automatic sun-tracking, it is curved surface heliostat, comprise solar collecting device and solar energy conveyer, on described solar collecting device, be also provided with for the first automatic tracking correction device from motion tracking solar direction, on described conveyer, be provided with the second automatic tracking correction device for regulating reflective mirror angle. the present invention carries out sunlight collection by two concave mirrors of size, and carry out sunshine by reflective mirror and propagation chamber and transmit at a distance, on solar collecting device and solar energy conveyer, tracking correction device is set, pass through respectively sensor, processor or photo resistance, relay rotates control to motor, thereby motor changes the direction of solar collecting device and solar energy transfer device by transmission device, make on the whole this device can aim in real time the sun and carry out sunlight collection, and transmit at a distance by solar energy transfer device, for tower type solar gathering-device provides luminous energy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of solar energy collecting conveyer, i.e. curved surface heliostat, relates in particular to a kind of solar energy collecting conveyer that can automatic sun-tracking.
Background technology
High temperature research in solar energy, utilization are ripe at present, but be mostly outdoor solar energy collecting use device, and the collection of solar energy is had to limitation, for example faces direction, during due to sun direct projection, energy is the highest, so gathering-device is directional collecting mostly, needs moved by hand to change higher daylighting point and move the good collection of ability solar energy, utilize solar energy. In prior art, be applied to the planar heliostats that mostly is of large-sized solar harvester, for tower type solar gathering-device provides luminous energy, but also daylighting point had to certain restrictive requirement.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of solar energy collecting conveyer that can automatic sun-tracking, can move from the direction of the motion tracking sun, make solar energy collecting all the time just to solar direction, can automatically adjust solar energy direction of transfer, for tower type solar gathering-device is carried luminous energy simultaneously.
The present invention adopts following technical proposals:
Solar energy collecting conveyer that can automatic sun-tracking, comprises solar collecting device and solar energy conveyer, and described solar energy conveyer is provided with reflective mirror by one end, and the other end is provided with the light transmition chamber composition of light-emitting window; Described solar collecting device is made up of large concave mirror and the little concave mirror that is arranged on large concave mirror focus place, described large concave mirror and little concave mirror are oppositely arranged, described large concave mirror bottom center is provided with light hole, and reflective mirror arranges under light hole at a certain angle; On described solar collecting device, be also provided with for from motion tracking solar direction and regulate solar collecting device all the time towards the first automatic tracking correction device of the sun, on described conveyer, be provided with the second automatic tracking correction device that the sunshine for regulating reflective mirror angle to make to collect can all send out along light transmition chamber.
Described automatic tracking correction device comprises induction mechanism, controlling organization, actuating unit and executing agency, the input of the output connection control mechanism of institute's induction mechanism, the output of controlling organization connects the input of actuating unit, and the output of actuating unit connects the input of executing agency.
Described automatic tracking correction device comprise respectively south and north that structure is identical upwards with east and west actuating unit and executing agency upwards.
Described south, the actuating unit of the automatic tracking correction device in north are stepping motor.
Described south, the executing agency of the automatic tracking correction device in north are reducing gear and are arranged on the transmission mechanism on reducing gear output shaft.
The first described automatic tracking correction device is Central-South, the controlling organization of the automatic tracking correction device in north comprises processor and processor peripheral drive circuit.
The induction mechanism of the first described automatic tracking correction device comprises first, second, third, fourth, the 5th light sensor, described light sensor is arranged on solar collecting device top, and the output of light sensor connects the input of processor.
The induction mechanism of the second described automatic tracking correction device comprises that first, second, third, fourth photo resistance that is arranged on light transmition chamber light-emitting window forms, and first, second, third, fourth described photo resistance is evenly arranged on the surrounding inwall of light transmition chamber light-emitting window.
The controlling organization of the second described automatic tracking correction device comprises first, second, third, fourth relay, first, second, third, fourth described photo resistance is connected with the coil of first, second, third, fourth relay respectively, connects in the normally opened contact of first, second relay and east, west automatically the stepping motor power circuit of tracking correction device, and the 3rd, the normally opened contact of the 4th relay connects with the stepping motor power circuit of south, the automatic tracking correction device in north.
On described large concave mirror, be provided with circular transparent upper cover.
Structure of the present invention is carried out sunlight collection by two concave mirrors of size, and carry out sunshine by reflective mirror and propagation chamber and transmit at a distance, on solar collecting device and solar energy conveyer, tracking correction device is set, pass through respectively sensor, processor or photo resistance, relay rotates control to motor, thereby motor changes the direction of solar collecting device and solar energy transfer device by transmission device, make on the whole this device can aim in real time the sun and carry out sunlight collection, and transmit at a distance by solar energy transfer device, for tower type solar gathering-device provides luminous energy.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is electrical principle block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is that the of the present invention second automatic tracking correction device is Central-South, the north structural representation of tracking correction device automatically;
Fig. 4 is the installation site structural representation of infrared inductor in the of the present invention first automatic tracking correction device;
Fig. 5 is the electric control theory figure in the of the present invention second automatic tracking correction device;
Fig. 6 is the of the present invention second automatic tracking correction device Middle East, the west structural representation of tracking correction device automatically;
Fig. 7 is the installation site structural representation of photo resistance in the of the present invention second automatic tracking correction device.
Detailed description of the invention
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of solar energy collecting conveyer that can automatic sun-tracking, comprises support 15 and is arranged on solar collecting device and the solar energy conveyer on support 15. Described solar energy conveyer is provided with reflective mirror 40 by one end, and the light transmition chamber 53 that the other end is provided with light-emitting window forms; Described solar collecting device is made up of large concave mirror 24 and the little concave mirror 30 that is arranged on large concave mirror 24 focus places, described large concave mirror 24 is oppositely arranged with little concave mirror 30, described large concave mirror 24 bottom center are provided with light hole, and reflective mirror 40 arranges under light hole at a certain angle; Described large concave mirror 24 is placed with the positive antiparallel of little concave mirror 30, and large concave mirror 24 is just to the sun, the just bottom to large concave mirror 24 of little concave mirror 30, and the clear aperature of concave mirror 24 bottoms is greater than little concave mirror 30 overall diameters greatly. On described large concave mirror 24, be provided with circular transparent upper cover 25; Described little concave mirror 30 is by nut 27 stationary cylinders 29, cylinder is fixed on circular transparent upper cover 25 by nut 50, the nut of cylinder 29 on can be on circular transparent upper cover 25 carries out interior rotation like this, for adjusting the position of little concave mirror 30, makes its focal position at large concave mirror. Described little concave mirror 30 outward flanges are provided with infrared lamp 26, can conveniently install by infrared lamp 26 like this time, little concave mirror 30 can align by straight line, the sun of being convenient to after collecting can directly be sent to solar energy conveyer, and upper end is provided with the induction mechanism of similar T shape arrangement for responding to the position of sunshine. When mounted, between the bottom of large concave mirror 24 and light transmition chamber 53, be also provided with dust cover 52, avoid outdoor work of long duration receive the impact of dust storm, dust.
On described solar collecting device, be also provided with for from motion tracking solar direction and regulate solar collecting device all the time towards the first automatic tracking correction device of the sun, on described conveyer, be provided with the second automatic tracking correction device that the sunshine for regulating reflective mirror 40 angles to make to collect can all send out along light transmition chamber 53, the bottom in described light transmition chamber 53 is provided with detachable base plate 35, is convenient to dismounting, the maintain and replace of this device.
Described automatic tracking correction device comprises induction mechanism, controlling organization, actuating unit and executing agency, the input of the output connection control mechanism of institute's induction mechanism, the output of controlling organization connects the input of actuating unit, and the output of actuating unit connects the input of executing agency. Send the signal that detects solar azimuth to controlling organization by induction mechanism, controlling organization sends control signals to actuating unit according to the signal receiving, and dynamic structure provides driving source to drive executing agency, thereby makes the deflection of this device move to orientation, sun place.
Tracking correction device of the present invention is two kinds of modes, the first is the first automatic tracking correction device, the rear actuating unit of controlling of analysis, processing that carries out program by processor 20 moves, and the second is that the second automatic tracking correction is by using simple electric control circuit realization. In the present invention two kinds of modes optionally wherein a kind of mode also can realize function of the present invention. Concrete principle is following to describe for example respectively.
Described automatic tracking correction device comprise respectively south and north that structure is identical upwards with east and west actuating unit and executing agency upwards, it is respectively used to regulate solar collecting device and solar energy conveyer to carry out that He Dong is rotated in south, north, rotate in west. Thereby this device that makes shown in Fig. 2 can be followed the tracks of and collect and be sent to indoor utilization by solar energy conveyer sunshine by full angle, can directly carry out the bottom of a pan heating, or carry out solar energy collecting. Below, automatically actuating unit and the executing agency of tracking correction device are that example briefly explains its operation principle in west.
The actuating unit of described east and west automatic tracking correction device is upwards stepping motor. Stepping motor can start and the advantageous characteristic that stops rapidly moment, and changes the order of pulse, can change easily the direction of rotation, thus make this device can be in time in the time carrying out tracking correction, accurately proofread and correct.
The executing agency of described east and west automatic tracking correction device is upwards reducing gear and is arranged on the transmission mechanism on reducing gear output shaft, because the output speed of stepping motor is larger, and it is minimum to install the frequency of rotating with the sun for us, so output after must slowing down by reducing gear, transmission mechanism can be according to concrete arranging, in the present embodiment, demonstration is not being blocked in south, the north automatically structural representation of tracking correction device 36 as Fig. 2. Fig. 2 view direction is the structural scheme of mechanism of this device while seeing from west to east.
Shown in the first automatic tracking correction device the transmission mechanism of east and west automatic tracking correction device be upwards bearing 18, when the first stepping motor 12 output shafts drive reductor 48 to rotate, the output shaft of reductor 48 connects pinion 16, pinion 16 engages gear wheel 17 and carries out secondary speed-reducing, stir square tube main shaft 19 by bearing 18, thereby drive solar collecting device the enterprising owner of a trading company or a workshop of support 15, move westwards moving, realize east and west to from motion tracking.
The controlling organization of the first described automatic tracking correction device comprises processor 20 and processor 20 peripheral drive circuits. described drive circuit is the drive circuit of processor control motor, is common drive circuit, is not described in detail in this. as shown in Figure 4, the induction mechanism of the first described automatic tracking correction device comprises the first light sensor 1, the second light sensor 3, the 3rd light sensor 5, the 4th light sensor 7, the 5th light sensor 9, and the output of five described light sensors connects the input of processor 20. five described light sensors are arranged on solar collecting device top, moment can receive sunshine, and all the other four light sensors are distributed in respectively on transparent upper cover 25 in the corner by four regions that two spacer bars are isolated into anyhow, described spacer bar has light-proofness, while only having like this direct sunlight solar collecting device, five light sensors could send high level simultaneously, show that now position is that solar energy receives optimum position, otherwise just need to carry out position correction, concrete bearing calibration is as described below: the first light sensor 1 described in the present embodiment, the second light sensor 3, the 3rd light sensor 5, the 4th light sensor 7, the 59 light sensor installation site as shown in Figure 4, according to the position that installation is set, synchronization sensitization difference, send different pulse signals to processor 20, processor 20 is through programming, send corresponding output control signal.
Because light sensor is for detecting whether there is light, and its speed is adjustable. Make to stop corrective action by programming control in the time that five light sensors are high level, this device initial position is positive east, rotation direction rotates for following the tracks of the sun from east orientation west, from north orientation south, the deflection east of the following stated, to the west, by north, is by northly direction several years scope described in the small angle deflection of comparing with position at that time. In the time only having a light sensor output high level, show the now light sensor place direction of sun deflection output high level, in the time only having two light sensor output high level, show deflection output high level two light sensor centre positions, in the time only having three light sensor output high level, show the light sensor direction of middle that output high level of sun deflection. Below in conjunction with embodiment, transmission principle is described.
When the first described light sensor 1 output low level, the second light sensor 3 output low levels, the 3rd light sensor 5 output low levels, the 4th light sensor 7 is exported high level, represent that now the sun is with respect to the west of solar collecting device, processor 20 sends control signals to the first stepping motor 12 and carries out forward, as mentioned above, the first stepping motor 12 output shafts drive reductor 48 to rotate, the output shaft of reductor 48 connects pinion 16, pinion 16 engages gear wheel 17 and carries out secondary speed-reducing, stir square tube main shaft 19 by bearing 18, thereby drive solar collecting device on support 15, to carry out rotation to the west, until the first light sensor 1 also sends high level, processor 20 thinks that solar energy collecting position and sunshine position are no longer offset, stopping the first stepping motor 12 works.
Processor 20 sends control signals to the second stepping motor 13, as shown in Figure 2, the second stepping motor 13 output shafts drive reductors 46 rotation of slowing down, speed reducer output shaft connects the rotating part of rotary jack 45, be rotated in the forward, jack 45 take-off levers 22 shrink, thereby drive fixed bar 23 drag down, it is downward-sloping that fixed bar 23 drags the left side of solar collecting device, thereby it is westwards rotated. Until the first light sensor 1 also sends high level, processor 20 thinks that its position and sunshine position are no longer offset, and stops the second stepping motor 13 and works.
When the 3rd light sensor 5 output low levels, the second light sensor 3 output low levels, all the other light sensor output high level, show that the sun is at solar collecting device Due South, processor 20 sends control signals to the second stepping motor 13, the second stepping motor 13 carries out forward rotation, the second stepping motor 13 output shafts drive reductors 46 rotation of slowing down, speed reducer output shaft connects the rotating part of rotary jack 45, be rotated in the forward, jack 45 take-off levers 22 shrink, thereby drive fixed bar 23 drag down, it is downward-sloping that fixed bar 23 drags the left side of solar collecting device, thereby it is rotated westwards. until the first light sensor 1 also sends high level, processor 20 thinks that its position and sunshine position are no longer offset, and stops the second stepping motor 13 and works.
In like manner, when the 4th light sensor 7 sends low level, when all the other four light sensors send high level to processor 20, now processor 20 is thought east, the north of solar collecting device at the sun, now processor 20 sends control signals to the first stepping motor 12 and the second stepper motor 14 simultaneously, it is reversed respectively, through transmission mechanism make solar collecting device eastwards, north orientation rotates respectively, until the second light sensor 3 send high level all light sensors be high level, stop electric machine rotation.
The 5th light sensor 9 of the present invention is arranged on the top of large concave mirror 24 focuses, and for detection of having or not of sunshine, when normal sunshine exists, it exports high level always. When weather is by clear to overcast, or when the sun falls, the 5th light sensor 9 detects low level, when now other light sensor is also low level, processor 20 sends control signals to all motors, according to current location, reply initial to position, i.e. positive east (described initial position can according to concrete use be set to the roughly direction that the sun rises through, latitude). After recovering initial position, whole device is in resting state, thereby weather while rise by overcast to clear or the sun continues the sun to follow the trail of and collect solar energy, it is sensitive, accurate that entirety is controlled this device, can control parameter modification according to programming arbitrarily, control is reached the most rationally, and can reasonably save electric power.
As shown in Figure 5, the induction mechanism of the second described automatic tracking correction device comprises that the first photo resistance 2, the second photo resistance 4, the 3rd photo resistance 6, the 4th photo resistance 8 that are arranged on light transmition chamber 53 light-emitting windows form, first, second, third, fourth described photo resistance is evenly arranged on the surrounding inwall of light transmition chamber 53 light-emitting windows 33, and first, second, third, fourth photo resistance resistance under high light dies down.
The controlling organization of the second described automatic tracking correction device comprises the first relay J 1, the second relay J 2, the 3rd relay J 3, the 4th relay J 4, described first, second, the 3rd, the 4th photo resistance respectively with the first coil J11, the second coil J21, tertiary coil J31, the coil J41 of the 4th relay is connected in series, first, the normally opened contact of the second relay and east, the power circuit series connection of the stepping motor 36-2 of west automatic tracking correction device upwards, the 3rd, the normally opened contact of the 4th relay and south, the power circuit series connection of the stepping motor 37 of the north automatic tracking correction device upwards. more than collection, control circuit are the second tracking circuit control structure of the present invention, and the first automatic tracking correction device also can adopt this detection, control method. describe with the second automatic tracking correction device operation principle: positive the present invention carries out light sensing by being arranged on light-emitting window 33 photo resistance of internal perisporium around, by each relay to engine open, stop, forward, reversion control, make reflective mirror 40 Angulation changes by executing agency, and then light can be spread out of from light-emitting window 33 completely.
When normal work, as shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 and Fig. 6, solar collecting device after reflective mirror 40, has reflective mirror 40 to make light further reflect and be passed to light-emitting window 33 along light transmition chamber 53, for subordinate equipment utilization light pinching. and at solar collecting device in the time following the automatic motion correction of sunshine, can cause reflection ray reverberation directly not send from light-emitting window 33, as shown in Figure 7, described reflective mirror 40 is fixed on light transmition chamber 53 lower curtates by being arranged on the universal wheel 39 in centre position after it. in the time that light is upwards offset, the 4th photo resistance 8 receives light, resistance diminishes, now relay coil J41 place circuit turn-on, and then make the length of relay J 4 open the closing of contact, thereby make east, forward is carried out in the west automatically stepping motor 37 of tracking correction device, drive reductor 38 to slow down, reductor 38 output shafts shrink by screw rod 43, screw rod 43 pulls and is arranged on reflective mirror 40 universal wheel 41 of bottom below, thereby reflective mirror 40 is clockwise rotated at east-west direction, until light passes from light-emitting window 33, the 4th photo resistance 8 no longer receives light, it is large that resistance value becomes, relay coil J41 place circuit disconnects, and then the length that makes relay J 4 is opened contact and is opened, stepping motor 37 stops operating. when should the 3rd photo resistance 6 receiving light, show that light irradiates lower inclined to one side, now because the 3rd photo resistance 6 receives light, resistance diminishes, now relay coil J31 place circuit turn-on, and then make the length of relay J 3 open the closing of contact, thereby the stepping motor 37 of east, the automatic tracking correction device in west is reversed, drive reductor 38 to slow down, reductor 38 output shafts extend by screw rod 43, and screw rod 43 is fixed on 53 bottoms, light transmition chamber by nut 42, screw rod 43 promotes to be arranged on reflective mirror 40 universal wheel 41 of bottom below, rotates counterclockwise, until light passes from light-emitting window 33 thereby promote reflective mirror 40 at east-west direction.
In the time that light is offset left, the first photo resistance 2 receives light, resistance diminishes, now relay coil J11 place circuit turn-on, and then make the length of relay J 1 open the closing of contact, thereby make south, forward is carried out in the north automatically stepping motor 36-2 of tracking correction device, drive reductor 36-3 to slow down, reductor 36-3 output shaft shrinks by screw rod 36-4, screw rod 36-4 pulls the universal wheel 36-6 that is arranged on reflective mirror 40 1 sides, thereby reflective mirror 40 is clockwise rotated in North and South direction, described screw rod 36-4 is fixed on 53 bottoms, light transmition chamber by nut 36-5. until light passes from light-emitting window 33, the first photo resistance 2 no longer receives light, and it is large that resistance value becomes, and relay coil J11 place circuit disconnects, and then makes the length of relay J 1 open contact to open, and stepping motor 37 stops operating.
When light is during to right avertence, the second photo resistance 4 receives light, resistance diminishes, now relay coil J21 place circuit turn-on, and then make the length of relay J 2 open the closing of contact, thereby make south, reverse in the north automatically stepping motor 36-2 of tracking correction device, drive reductor 36-3 to slow down, reductor 36-3 output shaft extends by screw rod 36-4, screw rod 36-4 promotes to be arranged on the universal wheel 36-6 of reflective mirror 40 1 sides, thereby reflective mirror 40 is rotated counterclockwise in North and South direction, described screw rod 36-4 is fixed on 53 bottoms, light transmition chamber by nut 36-5. until light passes from light-emitting window 33, the second photo resistance 4 no longer receives light, and it is large that resistance value becomes, and relay coil J21 place circuit disconnects, and then makes the length of relay J 2 open contact to open, and stepping motor 37 stops operating. the present invention say the first automatic tracking correction device also can realize by photo resistance and relay, only need the additional limit switch 14 in bottom of support 15 of the present invention to realize, for example control no longer and describe in detail. as long as other can be realized the device that carries out sun-tracing light and proofread and correct and realize function of the present invention, be easy association technique content.
Claims (2)
- One kind can automatic sun-tracking solar energy collecting conveyer, it is characterized in that: comprise solar collecting device and solar energy conveyer, described solar energy conveyer is provided with reflective mirror by one end, and the other end is provided with the light transmition chamber composition of light-emitting window; Described solar collecting device is made up of large concave mirror and the little concave mirror that is arranged on large concave mirror focus place, described large concave mirror and little concave mirror are oppositely arranged, described large concave mirror bottom center is provided with light hole, and reflective mirror is arranged under light hole at a certain angle; On described solar collecting device, be also provided with for from motion tracking solar direction and regulate solar collecting device all the time towards the first automatic tracking correction device of the sun, on described conveyer, be provided with the second automatic tracking correction device that the sunshine for regulating reflective mirror angle to make to collect can all send out along light transmition chamber;First, second described automatic tracking correction device comprises respectively induction mechanism, controlling organization, actuating unit and executing agency, the input of the output connection control mechanism of described induction mechanism, the output of controlling organization connects the input of actuating unit, and the output of actuating unit connects the input of executing agency;In the first described automatic tracking correction device, south and north controlling organization upwards comprises processor and processor peripheral drive circuit;First, second described automatic tracking correction device comprise respectively south and north that structure is identical upwards with east and west actuating unit and executing agency upwards; Described south and north executing agency is upwards reducing gear and is arranged on the transmission mechanism on reducing gear output shaft; Described south and north actuating unit is upwards stepping motor;The induction mechanism of the first described automatic tracking correction device comprises first, second, third, fourth, the 5th light sensor, described light sensor is arranged on solar collecting device top, and the output of light sensor connects the input of processor;The induction mechanism of the second described automatic tracking correction device comprises that first, second, third, fourth photo resistance that is arranged on light transmition chamber light-emitting window forms, and first, second, third, fourth described photo resistance is evenly arranged on the surrounding inwall of light transmition chamber light-emitting window;The controlling organization of the second described automatic tracking correction device comprises first, second, third, fourth relay, first, second, third, fourth described photo resistance is connected with the coil of first, second, third, fourth relay respectively, the normally opened contact of first, second relay is connected with east and west stepping motor power circuit upwards, and the 3rd, the normally opened contact of the 4th relay connects with south and north stepping motor power circuit upwards.
- 2. solar energy collecting conveyer that can automatic sun-tracking according to claim 1, is characterized in that: on described large concave mirror, be provided with circular transparent upper cover.
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| CN104050794B (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2017-08-25 | 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 | Vehicle tire pressure signal strength test system and tire pressure signal receiving module position selecting method |
| CN110798132B (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2020-08-07 | 江苏晟大光电科技有限公司 | Self-sunward solar photovoltaic panel |
| CN113985929A (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2022-01-28 | 徐方杰 | Light detection feedback device based on sun tracking device |
| CN114371739A (en) * | 2022-01-13 | 2022-04-19 | 中国铁塔股份有限公司浙江省分公司 | Automatic sunlight adjusting and tracking system for photovoltaic support |
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