Summary of the invention
But the solar energy collecting forwarder that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of automatic sun-tracking, can move from the direction of the motion tracking sun, make solar energy collecting all the time over against solar direction, can adjust the sun power direction of transfer automatically simultaneously, for the tower type solar gathering-device is carried luminous energy.
The present invention adopts following technical proposals:
But a kind of solar energy collecting forwarder of automatic sun-tracking comprises solar collecting device and sun power conveyer, and described sun power conveyer is provided with reflective mirror by an end, and the other end is provided with the light of light-emitting window and propagates the chamber composition; Described solar collecting device is made up of big concave mirror and the little concave mirror that is arranged on big concave mirror focus place, described big concave mirror and little concave mirror are oppositely arranged, described big concave mirror bottom center is provided with light hole, and reflective mirror arranges under the light hole at a certain angle; Also be provided with on the described solar collecting device for from the motion tracking solar direction and regulate solar collecting device all the time towards the first automatic tracking correction device of the sun, described conveyer is provided with for regulating the reflective mirror angle can all send out the sunshine collected along light propagation chamber the second automatic tracking correction device.
Described automatic tracking correction device comprises induction mechanism, control gear, actuating unit and topworks, the output terminal of institute's induction mechanism connects the input end of control gear, the output terminal of control gear connects the input end of actuating unit, and the output terminal of actuating unit connects the input end of topworks.
Described automatic tracking correction device comprises the identical south of structure, the north respectively upwards and east, west make progress actuating unit and topworks.
Described south, the north actuating unit of tracking correction device automatically are stepping motor.
Described south, the north topworks of tracking correction device automatically are reducing gear and are arranged on gear train on the reducing gear output shaft.
The described first automatic tracking correction device is Central-South, the control gear of the automatic tracking correction device in north comprises processor and processor peripheral drive circuit.
The induction mechanism of the described first automatic tracking correction device comprises the first, second, third, fourth, the 5th light sensor, described light sensor is arranged on the solar collecting device top, and the output terminal of light sensor connects the input end of processor.
The induction mechanism of the described second automatic tracking correction device comprises that first, second, third, fourth photoresistance that is arranged on light propagation chamber light-emitting window constitutes, and described first, second, third, fourth photoresistance evenly is arranged on light and propagates on the inwall all around of chamber light-emitting window.
The control gear of the described second automatic tracking correction device comprises first, second, third, fourth relay, described first, second, third, fourth photoresistance is connected with the coil of first, second, third, fourth relay respectively, the normally opened contact of first, second relay is connected with the stepping motor power circuit of east, the automatic tracking correction device in west, and the normally opened contact of the 3rd, the 4th relay is connected with the stepping motor power circuit of south, the automatic tracking correction device in north.
Described big concave mirror is provided with circular transparent upper cover.
Structure of the present invention is carried out sunlight collection by two concave mirrors of size, and carry out sunshine by reflective mirror and propagation chamber and transmit at a distance, at solar collecting device and sun power conveyer the tracking correction device is set, pass through sensor respectively, processor or photoresistance, relay rotates control to motor, thereby motor makes the direction of solar collecting device and sun power transfer device change by gearing, make this device can aim at the sun in real time on the whole and carry out sunlight collection, and transmit at a distance by the sun power transfer device, for the tower type solar gathering-device provides luminous energy.
Embodiment
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, but a kind of solar energy collecting forwarder of automatic sun-tracking comprises support 15 and is arranged on solar collecting device and sun power conveyer on the support 15.Described sun power conveyer is provided with reflective mirror 40 by an end, and the other end is provided with the light of light-emitting window and propagates chamber 53 compositions; Described solar collecting device is made up of big concave mirror 24 and the little concave mirror 30 that is arranged on big concave mirror 24 focus places, described big concave mirror 24 is oppositely arranged with little concave mirror 30, described big concave mirror 24 bottom center are provided with light hole, and reflective mirror 40 arranges under the light hole at a certain angle; Described big concave mirror 24 is placed with little concave mirror 30 positive antiparallels, and big concave mirror 24 is over against the sun, and little concave mirror 30 is over against the bottom of big concave mirror 24, and the clear aperature of big concave mirror 24 bottoms is greater than little concave mirror 30 overall diameters.Described big concave mirror 24 is provided with circular transparent upper cover 25; Described little concave mirror 30 is by on nut 27 stationary cylinders 29, cylinder is fixed on the circular transparent upper cover 25 by nut 50, cylinder 29 can carry out interior rotation at the nut on the circular transparent upper cover 25 like this, is used for adjusting the position of little concave mirror 30, makes it in the focal position of big concave mirror.Described little concave mirror 30 outward flanges are provided with infrared lamp 26, little concave mirror 30 can align by straight line in the time of can conveniently installing by infrared lamp 26 like this, the sun after being convenient to collect can directly be sent to the sun power conveyer, and the upper end is provided with the induction mechanism of similar T shape arrangement for the position of induction sunshine.When mounted, also be provided with dust cover 52 between the bottom of big concave mirror 24 and the light propagation chamber 53, avoid outdoor work of long duration receive dust storm, effect of dust.
Also be provided with on the described solar collecting device for from the motion tracking solar direction and regulate solar collecting device all the time towards the first automatic tracking correction device of the sun, described conveyer is provided with for regulating reflective mirror 40 angles and makes the sunshine of collecting all propagate the second automatic tracking correction device that chamber 53 sends out along light, the bottom that described light is propagated chamber 53 is provided with detachable base plate 35, is convenient to dismounting, the maintain and replace of this device.
Described automatic tracking correction device comprises induction mechanism, control gear, actuating unit and topworks, the output terminal of institute's induction mechanism connects the input end of control gear, the output terminal of control gear connects the input end of actuating unit, and the output terminal of actuating unit connects the input end of topworks.The signal that send to detect solar azimuth by induction mechanism is to control gear, and control gear sends control signals to actuating unit according to the signal that receives, and dynamic structure provides driving source drive topworks, thereby makes the deflection of this device move to orientation, sun place.
Tracking correction device of the present invention is dual mode, first kind is the first automatic tracking correction device, the analysis, the processing back control actuating unit that carry out program by processor 20 move, and second kind is that the second automatic tracking correction is by using simple electric control circuit realization.The optional wherein a kind of mode of dual mode also can realize function of the present invention among the present invention.Concrete principle is following to describe for example respectively.
Described automatic tracking correction device comprises the identical south of structure, the north respectively upwards and east, west make progress actuating unit and topworks, it is respectively applied to regulate solar collecting device and the sun power conveyer carries out south, He Dong, the western rotation are rotated in north.Thereby this device that makes shown in Fig. 2 can be followed the tracks of collection and be sent to indoor the utilization by the sun power conveyer sunshine by full angle, can directly carry out the bottom of a pan heating, perhaps carries out solar energy collecting.Below to the east of, automatically actuating unit and the topworks of tracking correction device are its principle of work of example brief description in the west.
The actuating unit of the automatic tracking correction device that described east, west make progress is stepping motor.Stepping motor can start and the advantageous characteristic that stops rapidly moment, and changes the order of pulse, can change the direction of rotation easily, thus make this device can be in time when carrying out tracking correction, accurate correction.
The topworks of the automatic tracking correction device that described east, west make progress is reducing gear and is arranged on gear train on the reducing gear output shaft, because the output speed of stepping motor is bigger, and it is minimum with the frequency that the sun rotates at our device, so output after must slowing down by reducing gear, gear train can be according to concrete arranging, in the present embodiment, demonstration is not being blocked in south, the north structural representation of tracking correction device 36 automatically as Fig. 2.The structural scheme of mechanism of Fig. 2 view direction this device when seeing from west to east.
Shown in the gear train of the automatic tracking correction device that makes progress of the first automatic tracking correction device Middle East, west be bearing 18, when driving reductor 48, first stepping motor, 12 output shafts rotate, the output shaft of reductor 48 connects pinion wheel 16, pinion wheel 16 engagement gear wheels 17 carry out secondary speed-reducing, stir square tube main shaft 19 by bearing 18, thereby drive solar collecting device the support 15 enterprising owners of a trading company or a workshop, move westwards moving, realize east, west to from motion tracking.
The control gear of the described first automatic tracking correction device comprises processor 20 and processor 20 peripheral drive circuits.Described driving circuit is the driving circuit of processor control motor, is common drive circuit, is not described in detail in this.As shown in Figure 4, the induction mechanism of the described first automatic tracking correction device comprises first light sensor 1, second light sensor 3, the 3rd light sensor 5, the 4th light sensor 7, the 5th light sensor 9, and the output terminal of described five light sensors connects the input end of processor 20.Described five light sensors are arranged on the solar collecting device top, constantly can receive sunshine, and all the other four light sensors are distributed in respectively on the transparent upper cover 25 in the corner in four zones that are isolated into by two spacer bars anyhow, described spacer bar has light-proofness, five light sensors could send high level simultaneously when having only sunlight direct projection solar collecting device like this, show that this moment, the position was that sun power receives the optimum position, otherwise just need carry out position correction, concrete bearing calibration is as described below: first light sensor 1 described in the present embodiment, second light sensor 3, the 3rd light sensor 5, the 4th light sensor 7, the 59 light sensor installation site as shown in Figure 4, according to the position that installation is set, synchronization sensitization difference, send different pulse signals to processor 20, processor 20 sends corresponding output control signal through programming.
Because whether light sensor has light for detection, and its light sensitivity is adjustable.By the feasible corrective action that when five light sensors are high level, stops of programming control, this device initial position is positive east, rotation direction rotates for following the tracks of the sun from the east orientation west, from north orientation south, the deflection east of the following stated, the described direction of the small angle deflection several years scope of comparing with position at that time that is to the west, by north, by north.When having only a light sensor output high level, the light sensor place direction that shows sun deflection output this moment high level, when having only two light sensor output high level, then show deflection output high level two light sensor centre positions, when having only three light sensor output high level, show the light sensor direction of middle that output high level of sun deflection.Below in conjunction with embodiment transmission principle is described.
When described first light sensor, 1 output low level, second light sensor, 3 output low levels, the 3rd light sensor 5 output low levels, the 4th light sensor 7 output high level, expression sun this moment is with respect to the west of solar collecting device, processor 20 sends control signals to first stepping motor 12 just to be changeed, as mentioned above, first stepping motor, 12 output shafts drive reductor 48 and rotate, the output shaft of reductor 48 connects pinion wheel 16, pinion wheel 16 engagement gear wheels 17 carry out secondary speed-reducing, stir square tube main shaft 19 by bearing 18, carry out rotation to the west thereby drive solar collecting device at support 15, also send high level until first light sensor 1, processor 20 thinks that solar energy collecting position and sunshine position no longer are offset, and stops 12 work of first stepping motor.
Processor 20 sends control signals to second stepping motor 13, as shown in Figure 2, second stepping motor, 13 output shafts drive reductor 46 rotation of slowing down, speed reducer output shaft connects the rotating part of rotary lifting jack 45, be rotated in the forward, lifting jack 45 take-off levers 22 shrink, thereby drive fixed bar 23 drag down, it is downward-sloping that fixed bar 23 drags the left side of solar collecting device, thereby make it rotate westwards.Also send high level until first light sensor 1, processor 20 thinks that its position and sunshine position no longer are offset, and stops 13 work of second stepping motor.
When the 3rd light sensor 5 output low levels, second light sensor, 3 output low levels, all the other light sensor output high level, show that the sun is at the solar collecting device Due South, processor 20 sends control signals to second stepping motor 13, second stepping motor 13 carries out forward rotation, second stepping motor, 13 output shafts drive reductor 46 rotation of slowing down, speed reducer output shaft connects the rotating part of rotary lifting jack 45, be rotated in the forward, lifting jack 45 take-off levers 22 shrink, thereby drive fixed bar 23 drag down, it is downward-sloping that fixed bar 23 drags the left side of solar collecting device, thereby make it rotate westwards.Also send high level until first light sensor 1, processor 20 thinks that its position and sunshine position no longer are offset, and stops 13 work of second stepping motor.
In like manner, when the 4th light sensor 7 sends low level, when all the other four light sensors send high level to processor 20, this moment, processor 20 was thought east, the north of solar collecting device at the sun, then this moment, processor 20 sent control signals to first stepping motor 12 and second stepper motor 14 simultaneously, it is reversed respectively, through gear train make solar collecting device eastwards, north orientation rotates respectively, until second light sensor 3 send high level namely all light sensors be high level, then stop motor and rotate.
The 5th light sensor 9 of the present invention is arranged on the top of big concave mirror 24 focuses, and for detection of having or not of sunshine, when normal sunshine existed, it exported high level always.When weather by clear to overcast, when perhaps the sun falls, the 5th light sensor 9 detects low level, when this moment, other light sensor also was low level, processor 20 sends control signals to all motors, according to current location, reply the initial position of arriving, i.e. positive east (the roughly direction that described initial position can be set to The sun came up according to warp, the latitude of concrete use gets final product).Whole device is in dormant state after recovering initial position, thereby weather continues during by overcast to clear or The sun came up the sun is followed the trail of collection sun power, integral body makes the control of this device sensitive, accurate, can control parameter modification according to programming arbitrarily, make control reach the most accurate reasonable, and can reasonably save electric power.
As shown in Figure 5, the induction mechanism of the described second automatic tracking correction device comprises that being arranged on light propagates first photoresistance 2 of chamber 53 light-emitting windows, second photoresistance 4, the 3rd photoresistance 6, the 4th photoresistance 8 formations, described first, second, third, fourth photoresistance evenly is arranged on light and propagates on the inwall all around of chamber 53 light-emitting windows 33, and first, second, third, fourth photoresistance resistance under high light dies down.
The control gear of the described second automatic tracking correction device comprises first relay J 1, second relay J 2, the 3rd relay J 3, the 4th relay J 4, described first, second, the 3rd, the 4th photoresistance respectively with the first coil J11, the second coil J21, tertiary coil J31, the coil J41 of the 4th relay is connected in series, first, the normally opened contact of second relay and east, the power circuit series connection of the stepping motor 36-2 of the automatic tracking correction device that the west makes progress, the 3rd, the normally opened contact of the 4th relay and south, the power circuit series connection of the stepping motor 37 of the automatic tracking correction device that the north makes progress.More than collection, control circuit are second kind of tracking circuit control structure of the present invention, and the first automatic tracking correction device also can adopt this detection, control method.Describe with the second automatic tracking correction device principle of work: positive the present invention carries out light sensing by being arranged on light-emitting window 33 photoresistance of internal perisporium on every side, by each relay to the engine control of opening, stop, just change, reverse, make reflective mirror 40 angles change by topworks, and then light can be spread out of from light-emitting window 33 fully.
During operate as normal, as Fig. 1, Fig. 3 and shown in Figure 6, solar collecting device behind reflective mirror 40, has the light pinching reflective mirror 40 make light propagate chamber 53 further reflections along light and is passed to light-emitting window 33, for the subordinate equipment utilization.And at solar collecting device when following the automatic motion correction of sunshine, can cause the reflection ray reflected light directly not send from light-emitting window 33, as shown in Figure 7, described reflective mirror 40 is fixed in light propagation chamber 53 lower curtates by the universal wheel 39 that is arranged on its centre position, back.When light upwards is offset, the 4th photoresistance 8 receives light, resistance diminishes, this moment relay coil J41 place circuit turn-on, and then make the length of relay J 4 open the closing of contact, thereby make east, just is changeing in the west stepping motor 37 of tracking correction device automatically, driving reductor 38 slows down, reductor 38 output shafts shrink by screw rod 43, screw rod 43 pullings are arranged on the universal wheel 41 of bottom, reflective mirror 40 back, thereby reflective mirror 40 is clockwise rotated at east-west direction, pass from light-emitting window 33 until light, the 4th photoresistance 8 no longer receives light, it is big that resistance value becomes, relay coil J41 place circuit disconnects, and then makes the length of relay J 4 open the contact to open, and stepping motor 37 stops operating.When should the 3rd photoresistance 6 receiving light, show that the light irradiation down partially, this moment is because the 3rd photoresistance 6 receives light, resistance diminishes, and this moment, relay coil J31 place circuit turn-on and then made the length of relay J 3 open the closing of contact, thereby the stepping motor 37 of east, the automatic tracking correction device in west is reversed, drive reductor 38 and slow down, reductor 38 output shafts are by screw rod 43 elongations, and screw rod 43 is fixed in light by nut 42 propagates 53 bottoms, chamber; Screw rod 43 promotes to be arranged on the universal wheel 41 of bottom, reflective mirror 40 back, rotates counterclockwise at east-west direction thereby promote reflective mirror 40, passes from light-emitting window 33 until light.
When light is offset left, first photoresistance 2 receives light, resistance diminishes, this moment relay coil J11 place circuit turn-on, and then make the length of relay J 1 open the closing of contact, thereby make south, just change in the north stepping motor 36-2 of tracking correction device automatically, driving reductor 36-3 slows down, reductor 36-3 output shaft shrinks by screw rod 36-4, screw rod 36-4 pulling is arranged on the universal wheel 36-6 of reflective mirror 40 1 sides, thereby reflective mirror 40 is clockwise rotated in North and South direction, and described screw rod 36-4 is fixed in light by nut 36-5 and propagates 53 bottoms, chamber.Pass from light-emitting window 33 until light, first photoresistance 2 no longer receives light, and it is big that resistance value becomes, and relay coil J11 place circuit disconnects, and then makes the length of relay J 1 open the contact to open, and stepping motor 37 stops operating.
When light during to right avertence, second photoresistance 4 receives light, resistance diminishes, this moment relay coil J21 place circuit turn-on, and then make the length of relay J 2 open the closing of contact, thereby make south, reverse in the north stepping motor 36-2 of tracking correction device automatically, driving reductor 36-3 slows down, reductor 36-3 output shaft extends by screw rod 36-4, screw rod 36-4 promotes to be arranged on the universal wheel 36-6 of reflective mirror 40 1 sides, thereby reflective mirror 40 is rotated counterclockwise in North and South direction, and described screw rod 36-4 is fixed in light by nut 36-5 and propagates 53 bottoms, chamber.Pass from light-emitting window 33 until light, second photoresistance 4 no longer receives light, and it is big that resistance value becomes, and relay coil J21 place circuit disconnects, and then makes the length of relay J 2 open the contact to open, and stepping motor 37 stops operating.The present invention say the first automatic tracking correction device can realize that also only needing the bottom of support 15 of the present invention to add a limit switch 14 can realize by photoresistance and relay, control is no longer described in detail for example.Other can realize carrying out sun-tracing light and the device proofreaied and correct as long as realize function of the present invention, be easy association technology contents.