CN103267581A - Spectrum shearing interferometer suitable for measuring shaped pulses - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of shaped pulse measurement, in particular to a spectrum shearing interferometer suitable for measuring shaped pulses. A plane grating, a first concave face reflecting mirror, a double-slit baffle, a first reflecting mirror and a second reflecting mirror are used for forming a special 4f zero dispersion compressor, the distance between the plane grating, the first reflecting mirror and the second reflecting mirror and the first concave face reflecting mirror is equal to the focal length of the first concave face reflecting mirror in the 4f zero dispersion compressor, the mode that the 4f zero dispersion compressor is added with the double-slit baffle is used for acquiring two quasi monochromatic long pulses, the two quasi monochromatic long pulses and a pulse to be measured are made to be in sum frequency. According to the mode, a shearing amount omega and the band width delta omega of an auxiliary pulse segment participating in sum frequency can be prevented from varying along with the change of the characteristics of the pulses to be measured, the shearing amount omega can be changed conveniently to measure the same pulse, the corresponding phase difference of each frequency of the pulse can be solved independently, and therefore the shaped pulses with various characteristics can be measured accurately.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the shaped pulse fields of measurement, more specifically, relate to a kind of spectrum shearing interferometer of measuring shaped pulse that is applicable to.
Background technology
The femtosecond pulse shaping technique has important use in photochemistry, quantum coherent control, micro-imaging, optical communication, little processing and other fields.The femtosecond pulse shaping technique utilizes spatial light modulator able to programme (SLM) to come intensity and the phase place of each spectral component of modulating pulse mainly based on the fourier transform principle.Pulse shaper mainly adopts the liquid crystal type spatial light modulator at present, but intensity and the phase place of its each spectral component of separate modulation pulse, but it causes the sudden change of pulse spectrum and/or phase place easily, even synthesizing the pulse that spectrum is divided into several sections easily, it is difficult to be applied to accurately measure complicated shaped pulse.
At present, measure complicated shaped pulse, generally need meet the following conditions: (1) should be able to independently find the solution the corresponding phase differential of each frequency of pulse; (2) should be able to choose two or more spectrum shearing displacement Ω easily and measure same shaped pulse, thereby can accurately reappear the details of impulse phase curve to be measured; (3) shearing displacement Ω and participating in and these two systematic parameters of bandwidth δ ω of satellite pulse fragment frequently is in shaping pulse with in real time should be not in the measuring process do not change with the variation of pulse characteristic to be measured.
Though the relevant electric field reconstruct method (SPIDER) of spectrum phase has become one of femtosecond pulse measuring technique of main flow in the world, but traditional SPIDER system mostly adopts pulse to be measured and strong chirped pulse and mode frequently, causes shearing displacement Ω to exist related with the bandwidth δ ω of satellite pulse fragment frequently with the characteristic of pulse to be measured with participating in.And owing to the characteristic (particularly chirp value and pulse width) of resulting shaped pulse in the shaping pulse process has change in a big way, and spectrum and phase curve may contain the composition of transition, thereby just easily error appears when utilizing the shaped pulse of traditional above-mentioned complexity of SPIDER systematic survey, accuracy is low.That is to say that there is certain limitation in existing various SPIDER system aspect the shaped pulse measuring.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is for overcoming the described at least a defective of above-mentioned prior art (deficiency), and the spectrum shearing interferometer of measuring shaped pulse that is applicable to of complicated ultrashort pulse after the various shapings of a kind of reconstruct exactly is provided.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of spectrum shearing interferometer of measuring shaped pulse that is applicable to, comprise according to pulse propagation to be measured path arrange the beam splitter, plane grating, first concave mirror, double slit baffle plate, first catoptron, second catoptron, the 3rd catoptron, the corner cube mirror that form, the pulse polarization direction can be revolved the 4th catoptron that the periscope, the centre that turn 90 degrees be provided with aperture, two classes coupling and crystal, spatial filter, grating spectrograph frequently; Described plane grating, first catoptron, second catoptron are equal to the focal length of first concave mirror to the distance of first concave mirror; Wherein, the travel path of pulse to be measured divides two-way to carry out:
The first via enters plane grating by the beam splitter transmission, through plane grating, the reflection of first concave mirror enters the double slit plate washer, form two the differentiated quasi-monochromatic light spectrum of frequency compositions by the double slit plate washer, a quasi-monochromatic light spectrum composition is through first catoptron, another quasi-monochromatic light spectrum composition is behind second catoptron, reflex to the top of former incident beam again through first concave mirror and plane grating, the accurate monochromatic long pulse of synthetic two differing heights, the accurate monochromatic long pulse of two differing heights is through the 3rd catoptron, the non-orifice region of the 4th catoptron enters two classes coupling and frequency crystal;
The reflection of secondary route beam splitter, again through corner cube mirror, again through the pulse polarization direction can being revolved the periscope that turn 90 degrees, pass then that aperture in the middle of the 4th catoptron enters two classes coupling and frequently on the crystal, incoming position, the time of incidence of incoming position, time of incidence and the accurate monochromatic long pulse of two differing heights of the second road light beam on two classes coupling and frequency crystal are identical;
Two classes couplings and frequently on the crystal pulse to be measured simultaneously and two monochromatic long pulses of standard take place and effect frequently, generate that two spectral distribution stagger mutually with the frequency pulse;
Through spatial filter three fundamental frequency pulses are blocked and allowed two and pulse frequently pass through from the light beam of two classes couplings and crystal outgoing frequently, two and pulse frequently are incident to grating spectrograph after by spatial filter.
Plane grating among the present invention, first concave mirror, double slit baffle plate, first catoptron and second catoptron are formed a special 4f zero chromatic dispersion compressor reducer, this 4f zero chromatic dispersion compressor reducer midplane grating, first catoptron and second catoptron equal the focal distance f of first concave mirror to the distance of first concave mirror, the mode that adds the double slit baffle plate with this 4f zero chromatic dispersion compressor reducer obtains two monochromatic long pulses of standard, makes it and pulse generation to be measured and frequency.This mode can be avoided shearing displacement Ω and participate in and the bandwidth δ ω of satellite pulse fragment frequently changes with the characteristic variations of pulse to be measured, can change shearing displacement Ω again easily and measure same pulse, and can independently find the solution the corresponding phase differential of each frequency of pulse, thereby can accurately measure the shaped pulse of various characteristics.
As a kind of preferred version, described double slit baffle plate is a metal sheet, described metal sheet is provided with a long thin slit and one group of thin slit of weak point, choose long thin slit and any thin slit of weak point when pulse to be measured is incident to the double slit baffle plate and pass through, obtain two the differentiated quasi-monochromatic light spectrum of frequency compositions.Shearing displacement Ω can realize by upper and lower translation double slit baffle plate.Because each spectral component of pulse to be measured comes and goes the equivalent optical path of propagating in 4f zero chromatic dispersion compressor reducer, thereby the operation of translation or replacing double slit baffle plate, can not change travel path and the light path of two monochromatic long pulses of standard of final acquisition, this pulse that can be the systematic survey different qualities provides bigger facility.
As further preferred version, level interval and vertical interval between each short thin slit and the long thin slit increase progressively successively.
As a kind of preferred version, also comprise second concave mirror and the 5th catoptron, pulse to be measured and two monochromatic long pulses of standard through the 4th catoptron after also respectively the reflection of the focusing by second concave mirror and the 5th catoptron enter two classes coupling again and frequently in the crystal.Because and frequently efficient is and square being directly proportional of light intensity, therefore by second concave mirror being set and the 5th catoptron focuses on light beam, improving the intensity of light intensity, thereby guarantee and efficient frequently.In addition, be arranged so that pulse to be measured by the 4th catoptron and two monochromatic long pulses of standard of second concave mirror and the 5th catoptron can focus on two classes coupling and crystal frequently well, guarantee pulse to be measured and two accurate monochromatic long pulses in two classes coupling and overlap in the crystal frequently, guarantee that namely pulse to be measured and two accurate monochromatic long pulses can gather on the same point of two classes coupling and frequency crystal.
As further preferred version, also comprise spatial filter, the light beam of two classes couplings and crystal outgoing frequently blocks three fundamental frequency pulses through this spatial filter and allows two and pulse frequently pass through, and two and pulse frequently are incident to grating spectrograph after by spatial filter.
As preferred version further, also comprise the 3rd concave mirror, the 6th catoptron and the 7th catoptron, two and pulse frequently through after also focusing on through the 3rd concave mirror after the spatial filter again through the reflection of the 6th catoptron and the 7th catoptron, finally enter grating spectrograph.
As a kind of preferred version, described grating spectrograph is built-in with area array CCD camera.
As a kind of preferred version, described double slit baffle plate is installed on the accurate translation stage.
As a kind of preferred version, first catoptron is installed on the accurate translation stage.
As a kind of preferred version, corner cube mirror is installed on the accurate translation stage.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of technical solution of the present invention is:
The mode that the present invention adopts 4f zero chromatic dispersion compressor reducer to add the double slit baffle plate obtains two monochromatic long pulses of standard, makes it and pulse generation to be measured and frequency.This mode has the broader scope of application than existing SPIDER system, can be competent at the accurate measurement of the ultrashort pulse of various structures, has the complicated pulse of some saltus steps comprising spectrum and phase place.Therefore, the present invention can be used as the real-time monitoring tool of pulse-shaping technique, be conducive to improve greatly the dirigibility of pulse shaper, the structure that makes it regulating impulse indiscriminately ad. as one wishes adapts to the needs of various practical applications, and this will play bigger impetus with the expansion that the paired pulses shaping technique is used.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structure principle chart that is applicable to the spectrum shearing interferometer of measuring shaped pulse among the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of double slit baffle plate among the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the spectrogram of two monochromatic long pulses of standard of the spectrogram of pulse to be measured in the concrete application example of the present invention and production.
Fig. 4 is two corresponding two-dimentional interference spectums of shearing displacement difference in the concrete application example of the present invention.
The shaped pulse spectrum phase curve that Fig. 5 comes out for reconstruct in the concrete application example of the present invention.
Embodiment
Accompanying drawing only is used for exemplary illustration, can not be interpreted as the restriction to this patent;
For better explanation present embodiment, some parts of accompanying drawing have omission, amplify or dwindle, and do not represent the size of actual product;
To those skilled in the art, in the accompanying drawing some known features and explanation thereof may to omit be understandable.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples technical scheme of the present invention is described further.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of spectrum shearing interferometer of measuring shaped pulse that is applicable to comprises according to pulse propagation to be measured path and arranges the beam splitter 1 that forms, plane grating 2, first concave mirror 3, double slit baffle plate 4, first catoptron 5, second catoptron 6, the 3rd catoptron 7, corner cube mirror 8, the pulse polarization direction can be revolved the periscope 9 that turn 90 degrees, the centre is provided with the 4th catoptron 10 of aperture, second concave mirror 11, the 5th catoptron 12, two classes coupling and frequency crystal 13, spatial filter 14, the 3rd concave mirror 15, the 6th catoptron 16, the 7th catoptron 17, grating spectrograph 18;
Wherein, plane grating 2, first concave mirror 3, double slit baffle plate 4, first catoptron 5, second catoptron 6 are formed a special 4f zero chromatic dispersion compressor reducer, and the distance of plane grating 2, first catoptron 5, second catoptron, 6 to first concave mirrors 3 is equal to the focal distance f of first concave mirror 3;
Wherein, grating spectrograph 18 is built-in with area array CCD camera;
Wherein, double slit baffle plate 4, first catoptron 5, corner cube mirror 8 are installed in respectively on the accurate translation stage.
Based on above-mentioned framework, the travel path of pulse to be measured divides two-way to carry out:
The first via enters plane grating 2 by beam splitter 1 transmission, enters double slit plate washer 4 through plane grating 2,3 reflections of first concave mirror, forms two the differentiated quasi-monochromatic light spectrum of frequency compositions by double slit plate washer 4,
Quasi-monochromatic light spectrum composition behind second catoptron 6, reflexes to the top of former incident beam, the accurate monochromatic long pulse of synthetic two differing heights through first catoptron 5, another quasi-monochromatic light spectrum composition again through first concave mirror 3 and plane grating 2; At this moment, the spectrum of pulse to be measured is launched by plane grating 2, and first concave mirror 3 focuses on the position of first catoptron 5, second catoptron 6, utilizes the double slit baffle plate 4 that is placed on first catoptron 5, second catoptron, 6 fronts to choose quasi-optical spectrum composition; The accurate monochromatic long pulse of two differing heights enters in two classes coupling and the frequency crystal 13 by the focusing of second concave mirror 11 and the reflection of the 5th catoptron 12 through the non-orifice region of the 3rd catoptron 7, the 4th catoptron 10 more again;
1 reflection of secondary route beam splitter, through the reflection of corner cube mirror 8, again through the pulse polarization direction being revolved the periscope 9 that turn 90 degrees, pass the aperture of the 4th catoptron 10 centres then, then the reflection of the focusing by second concave mirror 11 and the 5th catoptron 12 enters two classes coupling and frequently on the crystal 13, incoming position, the time of incidence of incoming position, time of incidence and the accurate monochromatic long pulse of two differing heights of the second road light beam on two classes coupling and frequency crystal 13 are identical;
Two classes couplings and frequently on the crystal 13 pulse to be measured simultaneously and two monochromatic long pulses of standard take place and effect frequently, generate that two spectral distribution stagger mutually with the frequency pulse;
Three fundamental frequency pulses and two and pulse have frequently been comprised from the light beam of two classes coupling and crystal 13 outgoing frequently, spatial filter 14 is used for blocking three fundamental frequency pulses and allows two and pulse frequently pass through, wherein, three fundamental frequency pulses refer to pulse to be measured and two the monochromatic long pulses of standard that are incident to two classes coupling and frequency crystal 13.Therefore, after focusing on through the 3rd concave mirror 15, by spatial filter 14 two and pulse frequently again through the reflection of the 6th catoptron 16 and the 7th catoptron 17, finally enter grating spectrograph 18.
The present invention uses special 4f zero chromatic dispersion compressor reducer to produce two monochromatic long pulses of standard, allows two monochromatic long pulses of standard and pulse generation to be measured and effect frequently then, and then utilizes the two-dimentional interference spectum of two and frequency pulse, solves the phase structure of pulse to be measured.In the present invention, spectrum shearing displacement and these two important parameters of accurate monochromatic long pulse bandwidth are all determined by the double slit size in the 4f zero chromatic dispersion compressor reducer, do not change with the width of pulse to be measured and the variation of the situation of warbling, and only need translation double slit baffle plate can change shearing displacement to measure same pulse to be measured, thereby can accurately reproduce the details of impulse phase structure to be measured, thereby the ultrashort pulse of multiple different structure characteristic (pulse width, the situation etc. of warbling) had stronger adaptability, be particularly useful for measuring baroque shaped pulse.
The necessary strict conformance of light path that is applicable to when the spectrum shearing interferometer of measuring shaped pulse requires pulse to be measured and two monochromatic long pulses of standard to arrive two classes coupling and frequency crystal 13 of the present invention, this strict conformance can be realized by the relative position of adjusting between each parts.
The mode that the present invention adopts 4f zero chromatic dispersion compressor reducer to add the double slit baffle plate obtains two monochromatic long pulses of standard, make it and pulse generation to be measured and frequency, can be in real time, the complicated ultrashort pulse after the various shapings of reconstruct exactly, comprise the complete information of pulse shape and phase structure.
Based on such scheme, the present invention filters the fundamental frequency pulse by spatial filter is set, and the interference of fundamental frequency pulse to ultrashort pulse reconstruct got rid of in feasible two and the pulse frequently had only that enters grating spectrograph 18 at last.
Based on such scheme, the present invention is provided with second concave mirror 11 respectively, the 3rd concave mirror 15 comes light beam is converged, and makes light beam arrive more effectively in the follow-up parts.
In specific implementation process, as shown in Figure 2, the double slit baffle plate is a metal sheet, metal sheet is provided with a long thin slit 41 and one group of thin slit 42 of weak point, the width of the short thin slits of all in one group of thin slit 42 of weak point equates, each short thin slit 42 increases progressively successively with level interval and vertical interval between the long thin slit 41; Choose long thin slit and any thin slit of weak point when pulse to be measured is incident to the double slit baffle plate and pass through, obtain two the differentiated quasi-monochromatic light spectrum of frequency compositions.
The linear dispersion coefficient that the width of long thin slit 41 and short thin slit 42 and the concrete size of spacing will determine according to the focal length of the incisure density of plane grating and first concave mirror designs; Spacing between each short thin slit 42 and the long thin slit 41 is got simple and relatively prime integer ratio relationship, as 5/12,5/18.The double slit baffle plate is installed on the accurate translation stage, can from the spectrum of pulse to be measured, chooses two monochromatic compositions of standard.The difference of the centre frequency of two monochromatic compositions of standard is spectrum shearing displacement Ω.Usually can prepare polylith and stitch wide different double slit baffle plate, thereby can select for use wherein one to be fixed on the accurate translation stage according to the bandwidth δ ω of pulse to be measured, to satisfy the requirement of accurate monochromatic pulses bandwidth δ ω≤Δ ω ///100.Changing Ω can be by realizing at accurate translation stage upper and lower translation double slit baffle plate.Because each spectral component of pulse comes and goes the equivalent optical path of propagating in 4f zero chromatic dispersion compressor reducer, thereby translation or change the operation of double slit baffle plate, travel path and the light path of two accurate monochromatic pulses of final acquisition can not changed.This pulse that can be the systematic survey different qualities provides bigger facility.
Based on the spectrum shearing interferometer of measuring shaped pulse that is applicable to of the present invention, the concrete measuring process when the present invention is used for measuring the shaping surface layer is as follows:
(1) allow pulse to be measured incide in the beam splitter shown in Figure 11 with the horizontal polarization state;
(2) the bandwidth δ ω according to pulse to be measured chooses suitable double slit baffle plate 4, is installed on the accurate translation stage.Allow wherein one group of double slit of pulse spectrum incident to be measured, obtain two monochromatic long pulses of the differentiated slightly standard of frequency;
(3) carefully adjust the 4th catoptron 10, make resulting two the monochromatic long pulses of standard of pulse to be measured and step (2) focus on two classes couplings and the same position on the crystal 13 frequently;
(4) regulate the accurate translation stage at the 5th catoptron 5 and corner cube mirror 8 places respectively, in order to adjust the relative time delay between pulse to be measured and two the monochromatic long pulses of standard, make these three pulses arrive two classes coupling and crystal 13 frequently simultaneously.At this moment two intensity with pulse frequently that generate reach maximal value;
(5) carefully regulate two and pulse concentration incident light grating spectrograph 18 frequently, take the two-dimentional interference spectum of these two and frequency pulse with the area array CCD camera on the grating spectrograph 18;
(6) spectrum of shooting pulse to be measured and two monochromatic long pulses of standard: can between the 4th catoptron 10 and second concave mirror 11, insert a catoptron, with pulse to be measured and two monochromatic long pulses of standard are drawn and lead-in light grating spectrograph 18 in, take the spectrum of these three pulses respectively.The centre frequency of two monochromatic long pulse spectrum of standard is subtracted each other the value that can obtain shearing displacement Ω;
(7) change shearing displacement and measure same pulse: translation double slit baffle plate 4 allows pulse spectrum by other one group of double slit, and then takes the two-dimentional interference spectum of another width of cloth and pulse frequently.New Ω value can be measured by the spectrum of taking two monochromatic long pulses of standard again, also can calculate according to this spacing proportionate relationship of organizing between the selected slit of slit and step (2);
(8) reconstruct of impulse phase to be measured:
Two intensity distributions with the two-dimentional interference spectum of pulse frequently can be expressed as
, wherein
Poor for the spectrum phase that needs are found the solution, I represents light intensity, and E represents amplitude, and ω represents and pulsed frequency frequently, is a variable, can be in late time data be handled will with frequency pulse frequency spectrum and pulse frequency spectrum corresponding conversion to be measured, K is that the wave vector of two bundles and frequency light is poor.Be that independent variable is done Fourier transform filtering and handled with x to each frequencies omega, will in the k space, obtain at a distance of being three unimodal envelopes of K.Three peak envelopes are carried out filtering handle, select the envelope of k=+K, make inversefouriertransform then.Transformation results is got argument θ, θ=ΔΦ (ω)+Kx should be arranged.Deduct the Kx item of having proofreaied and correct thus, can obtain the ΔΦ (ω) at this place.Solving ΔΦ (ω) value of each frequency correspondence respectively, is to be together in series at interval then with Ω with them, can obtain Φ (ω) curve of pulse.In conjunction with the curve of spectrum of the pulse to be measured of taking previously, can obtain the frequency domain representation formula of pulse.Just can obtain the time-domain representation formula of pulse through Fourier transform, thereby obtain shape and the phase structure of pulse to be measured.
Wherein, proofread and correct Kx and can adopt the method for approaching of souning out: to the doing above-mentioned Fourier filtering with the frequency interference spectum and handle of two shearing displacements of same pulse, try to achieve argument separately respectively.Set these two arguments of exploration value Kx substitution, thereby obtain corresponding ΔΦ (ω) curve, respectively the ΔΦ (ω) of correspondence is together in series then, thereby can obtains two Φ (ω) curve.If this two Φ (ω) curve is also unequal, just adjust the exploration value
The size of x is approached gradually, until corresponding two shearing displacements and Φ (ω) curve that reconstruct is come out is identical, then at this moment
The x value is corrected value.
Specify the measuring method that the present invention measures shaped pulse below in conjunction with an application example.
Femtosecond pulse by the output of titanium jewel femto-second laser, its centre wavelength is 820nm, bandwidth Delta lambda=35nm.Be divided into two sections through its spectrum after the shaping pulse, and have two drops to be about the square saltus step of pi/2 in the spectrum phase curve; The BK7 glass that sees through a thick 40mm then makes it broadening.Optical system shown in Figure 1 is introduced in this pulse to be measured.This shaped pulse that shooting obtains and the spectral intensity of accurate monochromatic long pulse thereof distribute as shown in Figure 3.Two selected shearing displacements be can calculate from Fig. 3 and Ω 1=ω 2-ω 1=2 π * 1.6 THz and Ω 2=ω 3-ω 1=2 π * 10.4 THz are respectively.The two-dimentional interference spectum of these two shearing displacements difference correspondences can be seen the dislocation of the caused interference spectum striped of square phase hit as shown in Figure 4.Fig. 5 is the spectrum phase curve (block curve) of this shaped pulse of coming out of reconstruct, and wherein, dotted line is the spectrogram of this shaped pulse.Utilize spectral intensity to distribute and the spectrum phase curve, can obtain the full detail of this shaped pulse.
The corresponding same or analogous parts of same or analogous label;
That describes position relation in the accompanying drawing is used for only being used for exemplary illustration, can not be interpreted as the restriction to this patent;
Obviously, the above embodiment of the present invention only is for example of the present invention clearly is described, and is not to be restriction to embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here need not also can't give all embodiments exhaustive.All any modifications of doing within the spirit and principles in the present invention, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., all should be included within the protection domain of claim of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. one kind is applicable to the spectrum shearing interferometer of measuring shaped pulse, it is characterized in that, comprise according to pulse propagation to be measured path arrange beam splitter, plane grating, first concave mirror, double slit baffle plate, first catoptron, second catoptron, the 3rd catoptron, the corner cube mirror form, the pulse polarization direction can be revolved the 4th catoptron that the periscope, the centre that turn 90 degrees be provided with aperture, two classes coupling and crystal, spatial filter, grating spectrograph frequently; Described plane grating, first catoptron, second catoptron are equal to the focal length of first concave mirror to the distance of first concave mirror; Wherein, the travel path of pulse to be measured divides two-way to carry out:
The first via enters plane grating by the beam splitter transmission, through plane grating, the reflection of first concave mirror enters the double slit plate washer, form two the differentiated quasi-monochromatic light spectrum of frequency compositions by the double slit plate washer, a quasi-monochromatic light spectrum composition is through first catoptron, another quasi-monochromatic light spectrum composition is behind second catoptron, reflex to the top of former incident beam again through first concave mirror and plane grating, the accurate monochromatic long pulse of synthetic two differing heights, the accurate monochromatic long pulse of two differing heights is through the 3rd catoptron, the non-orifice region of the 4th catoptron enters two classes coupling and frequency crystal;
The reflection of secondary route beam splitter, again through corner cube mirror, again through the pulse polarization direction can being revolved the periscope that turn 90 degrees, pass then that aperture in the middle of the 4th catoptron enters two classes coupling and frequently on the crystal, incoming position, the time of incidence of incoming position, time of incidence and the accurate monochromatic long pulse of two differing heights of the second road light beam on two classes coupling and frequency crystal are identical;
Two classes couplings and frequently on the crystal pulse to be measured simultaneously and two monochromatic long pulses of standard take place and effect frequently, generate that two spectral distribution stagger mutually with the frequency pulse;
Through spatial filter three fundamental frequency pulses are blocked and allowed two and pulse frequently pass through from the light beam of two classes couplings and crystal outgoing frequently, two and pulse frequently are incident to grating spectrograph after by spatial filter.
2. the spectrum shearing interferometer of measuring shaped pulse that is applicable to according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described double slit baffle plate is a metal sheet, described metal sheet is provided with a long thin slit and one group of thin slit of weak point, choose long thin slit and any thin slit of weak point when pulse to be measured is incident to the double slit baffle plate and pass through, obtain two the differentiated quasi-monochromatic light spectrum of frequency compositions.
3. the spectrum shearing interferometer of measuring shaped pulse that is applicable to according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, the width of the short thin slits of all in one group of thin slit of weak point equates, each short thin slit increases progressively successively with level interval and vertical interval between the long thin slit.
4. the spectrum shearing interferometer of measuring shaped pulse that is applicable to according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise second concave mirror and the 5th catoptron, pulse to be measured and two monochromatic long pulses of standard through the 4th catoptron after also respectively the reflection of the focusing by second concave mirror and the 5th catoptron enter two classes coupling again and frequently in the crystal.
5. the spectrum shearing interferometer of measuring shaped pulse that is applicable to according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, also comprise the 3rd concave mirror, the 6th catoptron and the 7th catoptron, two and pulse frequently through after also focusing on through the 3rd concave mirror after the spatial filter again through the reflection of the 6th catoptron and the 7th catoptron, finally enter grating spectrograph.
6. the spectrum shearing interferometer of measuring shaped pulse that is applicable to according to claim 1 is characterized in that described grating spectrograph is built-in with area array CCD camera.
7. according to each described spectrum shearing interferometer of measuring shaped pulse that is applicable to of claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that described double slit baffle plate is installed on the accurate translation stage.
8. according to each described spectrum shearing interferometer of measuring shaped pulse that is applicable to of claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that first catoptron is installed on the accurate translation stage.
9. according to each described spectrum shearing interferometer of measuring shaped pulse that is applicable to of claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that corner cube mirror is installed on the accurate translation stage.
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