CN103259074B - The method of active antenna, refreshing amplitude and phase place and signal processing method - Google Patents

The method of active antenna, refreshing amplitude and phase place and signal processing method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103259074B
CN103259074B CN201310097309.2A CN201310097309A CN103259074B CN 103259074 B CN103259074 B CN 103259074B CN 201310097309 A CN201310097309 A CN 201310097309A CN 103259074 B CN103259074 B CN 103259074B
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road
signal
digital
digital signal
amplitude
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CN103259074A (en
Inventor
朱元荣
陈建军
何卓彪
吴剑锋
许铭
张毅
朱运涛
何平华
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/267—Phased-array testing or checking devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
    • H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/10—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters
    • H04B17/11—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters for calibration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/20—Monitoring; Testing of receivers
    • H04B17/21—Monitoring; Testing of receivers for calibration; for correcting measurements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
    • H04B7/0837—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using pre-detection combining
    • H04B7/0842—Weighted combining

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Transceivers (AREA)
  • Radio Transmission System (AREA)

Abstract

Embodiments of the invention disclose method and the signal processing method of a kind of active antenna, refreshing amplitude and phase place, are to solve phase-shift network complex structure, not too reliably problem and inventing.Described active antenna comprises antenna element array, transceiver unit array, digital processing element, and described antenna element array, comprises antenna oscillator, for the conversion of electromagnetic wave signal and radiofrequency signal; Described transceiver unit array, comprises transceiver unit, and described transceiver unit is used for, and when Received signal strength, the radiofrequency signal down-conversion of described antenna oscillator is demodulated into IQ analog signal, exports to described digital processing element; Described digital processing element is used for, and when Received signal strength, is converted to IQ digital signal to the IQ analog signal of described down-conversion demodulation, and to described IQ digital signal digital beam-forming.

Description

The method of active antenna, refreshing amplitude and phase place and signal processing method
The application is divisional application, and the application number of original bill is 200810145754.0, and the applying date is on August 14th, 2008, and denomination of invention is: the method for active antenna, base station, refreshing amplitude and phase place and signal processing method.
Technical field
The present invention relates to moving communicating field, specifically relate to method and the signal processing method of a kind of active antenna, refreshing amplitude and phase place.
Background technology
In mobile communication system, the antenna element that usual use is arranged on tower top receives and transmits, antenna element is generally passive, need by distributed base station (RRU, RF Remote Unit) provide high-power and transmit, then by with the antenna element that RRU is connected by feeder line, this signal is launched.
See Fig. 1, antenna element of the prior art, comprise antenna element array 5, phase-shift network and merit combiner network 6, multiplexing and demultiplexing circuit module (BiasTee) 9, transmission mechanism 7 and Remote Control Unit (RCU, Remote Control Unit) 8.Distributed base station comprises transceiver and digital processing element.Distributed base station is connected by feeder line with antenna element.Wherein, during Received signal strength, the electromagnetic wave signal that travelling carriage is launched, received by antenna element array 5, the signal that antenna element array 5 receives is very faint, this small-signal is through phase-shift network phase shift, a road Received signal strength is synthesized by merit combiner network, by feeder line, Received signal strength is delivered to distributed base station through multiplexing and demultiplexing circuit module 9, this Received signal strength is by the duplexer of transceiver in distributed base station, low noise amplifier LNA and down-converted, ADC conversion is carried out by digital processing element in distributed base station, filtering process (coefficient decimation filter CIC, half band filter HBF, finite impulse response filter FIR) etc., be sent to Base Band Unit BBU, base station controller BSC is sent to by Base Band Unit BBU.When transmitting, the signal of Base Band Unit BBU passes through the process of peak clipper slicing, the DAC conversion of the digital processing element in distributed base station, by the transceiver upconversion process in distributed base station, power amplifier PA and duplexer, then by feeder line, multiplexing and demultiplexing circuit module 9, send phase-shift network and merit combiner network to, be divided into multichannel to arrive antenna element array by merit combiner network, signal is converted to electromagnetic wave signal and launches process, finally, be moved platform to receive.
Wherein, phase-shift network adopts motor-driven mechanical structure, multiplexing and demultiplexing circuit module 9 extracts DC power supply and the control signal of Remote Control Unit 8 needs from feeder line, thus make this Remote Control Unit 8 control transmission mechanism 7, and then phase-shift network is completed adjust the phase place of each antenna oscillator.
Realizing in process of the present invention, inventor finds at least there is such problem in prior art:
Phase-shift network adopts mechanical structure, complicated structure, and, in antenna oscillator phase adjustment process, not too reliably.
Summary of the invention
Embodiments provide a kind of active antenna, for solving phase-shift network complex structure, problem not too reliably.
Embodiments provide a kind of active antenna, comprise antenna element array, transceiver unit array, digital processing element,
Described antenna element array, comprises antenna oscillator, for the conversion of electromagnetic wave signal and radiofrequency signal;
Described transceiver unit array, comprises transceiver unit, and described transceiver unit is used for, and when Received signal strength, the radiofrequency signal down-conversion of described antenna oscillator is demodulated into IQ analog signal, exports to described digital processing element; Described transceiver unit also for, send signal time, by the IQ analog signal of described digital processing element modulation up-convert to radiofrequency signal, export to described antenna oscillator;
Described digital processing element is used for, and when Received signal strength, is converted to IQ digital signal to the IQ analog signal of described down-conversion demodulation, and to described IQ digital signal digital beam-forming; Described digital processing element also for, when sending signal, be converted to IQ digital signal to the signal of Base Band Unit is serial/parallel, peak factor process reduced to the IQ digital signal of described serial/parallel conversion, digital beam-forming is carried out to the IQ digital signal of described reduction peak factor process.
Embodiments provide and a kind ofly refresh the amplitude of receive path and the method for phase place, comprising:
Select a road receive path;
Receive calibration IQ digital signal and be converted to IQ analog signal, enter reception calibrated channel, modulation up-converts to and receives calibrate radio frequency signal;
Described reception calibrate radio frequency signal coupling enters the receive path of selection, and down-conversion is demodulated into IQ analog signal;
IQ analog signal after described demodulation is converted to IQ digital signal, and more described IQ digital signal and described reception calibrate IQ digital signal, obtain amplitude and the phase place of the receive path of described selection;
According to described amplitude and phase place, refresh amplitude and the phase place of the receive path of described selection.
Embodiments provide and a kind ofly refresh the amplitude of transmission channel and the method for phase place, comprising:
Select that riches all the way penetrates passage;
Gather IQ digital signal;
IQ digital signal is converted into the transmission channel that IQ analog signal enters selection, and modulation up-converts to radiofrequency signal;
Described radiofrequency signal is coupled into transmitting calibration passage, and down-conversion is demodulated into IQ analog signal;
IQ analog signal after described demodulation is converted into IQ digital signal, compares the IQ digital signal of collection and the IQ digital signal after transforming, obtains amplitude and the phase place of the transmission channel of described selection;
According to amplitude and the phase place of the transmission channel of described selection, refresh amplitude and the phase place of the transmission channel of described selection.
Embodiments provide a kind of method for processing received signal based on pattern or carrier wave, comprising:
The IQ analog signal of M road receive path is converted into M road IQ digital signal, and each road IQ digital signal is divided into N road single mode Received signal strength or N road single carrier Received signal strength by N roadbed in the numerically-controlled oscillator NCO of pattern or carrier wave;
Each N road single mode Received signal strength of M road receive path or each N road single carrier Received signal strength of M road receive path carry out digital beam-forming process respectively;
The single carrier Received signal strength of the M road receive path in the single mode Received signal strength of the M road receive path in each N road single mode Received signal strength or each N road single carrier Received signal strength closes road through mixer, by the process of filtering processing module, obtains N road IQ digital signal;
N road IQ digital signal synthesizes a road by mixer, is transferred to Base Band Unit.
Embodiments provide a kind of processing method that transmits based on pattern or carrier wave, comprising:
Transmit and obtain N road IQ digital signal through serial/parallel conversion, each road IQ digital signal in the IQ digital signal of N road, by the numerically-controlled oscillator NCO based on carrier wave or pattern, obtains each road single mode emission IQ digital signal or each road single carrier transmitting IQ digital signal;
Each road single mode emission IQ digital signal in the IQ digital signal of N road or each road single carrier in the IQ digital signal of N road launch IQ digital signal through the process of M DBF digital beam-forming, obtain M roadbed in the IQ digital signal of pattern or carrier wave;
N road single carrier in N road single mode emission IQ digital signal in each M road transmission channel or each M road transmission channel is launched IQ digital signal and is combined into a road by mixer;
M roadbed transmits respectively by CFR and DPD process in the synthesis of pattern or carrier wave, is then converted to IQ analog signal output to each road transmission channel of transceiver unit.
From above technical scheme, in active antenna, during Received signal strength, digital processing element is according to receiving and dispatching alignment unit to IQ digital signal digital beam-forming; When sending signal, digital processing element to the IQ digital signal digital beam-forming of serial/parallel conversion, can avoid the complex structure adopting phase-shift network to bring according to transmitting-receiving alignment unit, and not too reliable problem.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of antenna element in prior art;
The active antenna that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention or architecture of base station schematic diagram;
The active antenna that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present invention or base station detailed construction schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is amplitude and the phase place flow chart that the embodiment of the present invention refreshes receive path;
Fig. 5 is amplitude and the phase place flow chart that the embodiment of the present invention refreshes transmission channel;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram that in embodiment of the present invention transceiver unit array, each transmission channel, each receive path share local oscillation signal respectively;
The schematic diagram of the reception DBF processing module based on pattern or carrier wave that Fig. 7 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The schematic diagram of the transmitting DBF processing module based on pattern or carrier wave that Fig. 8 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
What Fig. 9 provided for the embodiment of the present invention has the active antenna of merit combiner network or the structural representation of base station;
Figure 10 is the structural representation that embodiment of the present invention Base Band Unit is integrated in active antenna or inside of base station;
A kind of method flow schematic diagram refreshing receive path that Figure 11 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
A kind of method flow schematic diagram refreshing transmission channel that Figure 12 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
A kind of Received signal strength DBF process flow schematic diagram based on pattern or carrier wave that Figure 13 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
A kind of DBF process flow schematic diagram that transmits based on pattern or carrier wave that Figure 14 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment one:
See Fig. 2, the active antenna provided for the embodiment of the present invention one or architecture of base station schematic diagram.This active antenna comprises antenna element array 11, transceiver unit array 12, digital processing element 13 and transmitting-receiving alignment unit 14, wherein,
This antenna element array 11, comprises antenna oscillator, for the conversion of electromagnetic wave signal and radiofrequency signal;
This transceiver unit array 12, comprises transceiver unit, and during Received signal strength, the radiofrequency signal down-conversion of this antenna oscillator is demodulated into IQ analog signal by this transceiver unit, exports to this digital processing element 13; When sending signal, the modulation of the IQ analog signal of this digital processing element 13 is up-converted to radiofrequency signal by this transceiver unit, exports to this antenna oscillator;
This digital processing element 13, during Received signal strength, the IQ analog signal of described digital processing element 13 to described down-conversion demodulation is converted to IQ digital signal, according to described transmitting-receiving alignment unit to described IQ digital signal digital beam-forming; When sending signal, the signal of described digital processing element 13 pairs of Base Band Unit is serial/parallel is converted to IQ digital signal, reduce peak factor process to the IQ digital signal of described serial/parallel conversion, described digital processing element 13 reduces the IQ digital signal digital beam-forming of peak value process according to described transmitting-receiving alignment unit.
As seen from the above, in active antenna or base station, during Received signal strength, digital processing element according to transmitting-receiving alignment unit to IQ digital signal digital beam-forming; When sending signal, digital processing element is according to receiving and dispatching alignment unit to the IQ digital signal digital beam-forming of serial/parallel conversion.Thus the amplitude and phase place transmitting and receiving radiofrequency signal is adjusted, the complex structure adopting phase-shift network to bring can be avoided, and not too reliable problem.
Wherein, this transmitting-receiving alignment unit 14, is connected with this transceiver unit and this digital processing element 13, and this transmitting-receiving alignment unit 14 receives calibrate radio frequency signal for up-converting to the reception calibration IQ analog signal modulation in this digital processing element 13; This transmitting-receiving alignment unit 14 is for being demodulated into transmitting calibration IQ analog signal to the radiofrequency signal down-conversion of this transceiver unit.
Wherein, I/Q signal is the special signal of modern digital communication systems.A pulse train forms a road in-phase signal (I signal) and road orthogonal signalling (Q signal) after serial/parallel conversion, the carrier multiplication of I and Q signal respectively with two orthogonal (phase difference is 90 degree) is each other modulated, so I and the modulation of Q signal to information do not interfere with each other, after signal after modulation is closed road, the frequency band that shared frequency band Reng Wei mono-road signal takies, improves the utilance of frequency spectrum.I/Q signal comprises IQ analog signal and IQ digital signal.
Referring to Fig. 3, is active antenna in the embodiment of the present invention one or base station detailed construction schematic diagram.This antenna element array 11 comprises antenna oscillator 111.Transceiver unit in this transceiver unit array 12 comprises duplexer (Duplex) 221A, low noise amplifier (LNA, Low Noise Amplifier) 222A, power amplifier (PA, Power Amplifier) 223A, receive down conversion module 224A and launch up-converter module 225A.Wherein, in this transceiver unit, duplexer 221A, LNA222A and reception down conversion module 224A can form receive path; In this transceiver unit, duplexer 221A, PA223A and transmitting up-converter module 225A can form transmission channel.The receive path of this transceiver unit is connected with antenna oscillator 111 with transmission channel.
Wherein, a transceiver unit can comprise a receive path and a transmission channel, and namely a receive path and a transmission channel share same antenna oscillator by duplexer; In this transceiver unit array, two receive paths also can a corresponding transmission channel, namely one of them receive path and a transmission channel share same antenna oscillator by duplexer, and another receive path is connected on the antenna oscillator vertical with the antenna oscillator polarised direction shared by receiving filter.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, receive path and transmission channel comprise duplexer 221A and can be understood as: receive path comprises receiving filter; Transmission channel comprises emission filter.
Can form duplexer by receiving filter and emission filter, so, receive path and transmission channel can common antenna oscillators.When Received signal strength and transmit not common antenna oscillator time, for receive path, receiving filter, LNA and reception down conversion module can be comprised; For transmission channel, emission filter, PA and transmitting up-converter module can be comprised.
In this transceiver unit, the effect of each module can be:
Duplexer 221A: when transmitting, for ensureing the high-power RF signal launched from PA223A, can only arrive antenna oscillator, can not arrive LNA222A, cause burning or blocking of LNA222A by duplexer 221A; During Received signal strength, for ensureing the weak radio-frequency signal that antenna oscillator 111 receives from travelling carriage, LNA222A can be arrived by duplexer 221A smoothly;
Wherein, dielectric duplexer or acoustic surface wave duplexer are pasted in the surface that this duplexer 221A can adopt volume little.
Low noise amplifier LNA222A, for amplifying the weak radio-frequency signal received from antenna oscillator 111.
The receiving sensitivity of antenna, depend on the loss of interconnect between the duplexer of LNA222A front end and antenna oscillator (connector, cable or other transmission line) to a great extent, because the active antenna transceiver unit of the embodiment of the present invention is directly connected with antenna oscillator 111, loss is low, equivalence reduces the noise factor of receive path, namely improves the receiving sensitivity of antenna.
Wherein, this transceiver unit is connected with antenna oscillator 111 and can is: this transceiver unit and antenna oscillator become one.
Power amplifier PA223A, for the armed small-power radiofrequency signal of amplifying emission up-converter module 225A.
Receive down conversion module 224A, for the radiofrequency signal exported by LNA222A, obtain IQ analog signal through down-conversion demodulation.
Launch up-converter module 225A, for the IQ analog signal by digital processing element, up-conversion modulation obtains radiofrequency signal.
Continue and refer to Fig. 3, digital processing element 13 comprises ADC231A, digital beam-forming DBF (DigitalBeam-forming) receiver module 232A, filtering processing module 233A, combiner (mixer) 238, S/P (serial/parallel conversion) 239, CFR (peak clipper) 234A, DBF transmitter module 235A, DPD module 236A and DAC237A.Wherein, this ADC231A, digital beam-forming DBF (DigitalBeam-forming) receiver module 232A and filtering processing module 233A can form reception treatment channel; This CFR (peak clipper) 234A, DBF transmitter module 235A, DPD module 236A and DAC237A can form transmitting treatment channel.Like this, this digital processing element 13 comprises: receive treatment channel, launch treatment channel, combiner238 and S/P239, wherein, the reception treatment channel of this digital processing element 13 can connect with the receive path of transceiver unit, and the transmitting treatment channel of this digital processing element 13 can be connected with the transmission channel of transceiver unit.
Wherein, this reception treatment channel comprises:
Analog-to-digital conversion module ADC231A, for carrying out ADC conversion to reception IQ analog signal, is converted to IQ digital signal;
Digital beam-forming DBF (Digital Beam-forming) receiver module 232A, carries out digital beam-forming for the IQ digital signal after changing this ADC231A;
Filtering processing module 233A, for carrying out filtering process to the IQ digital signal after digital beam-forming DBF receiver module 232A process.Wherein this filtering processing module 233A comprises coefficient decimation filter CIC, half band filter HBF (Half Band Filter) and finite impulse response filter FIR (FiniteImpulse Response Filter) etc.
It should be noted that, in digital processing element 13, receive treatment channel and launch treatment channel and can receive treatment channel according to the number configuration of transceiver unit in transceiver array is corresponding and launches treatment channel, namely the corresponding road of the receive path of a transceiver unit receives treatment channel, and the transmission channel of a transceiver unit is corresponding, and riches all the way penetrates treatment channel.
Continue and refer to Fig. 3, in reception treatment channel, analog-to-digital conversion module ADC231A, DBF receiver module 232A, filtering processing module 233A can be connected successively according to the transmission direction of signal, IQ analog signal is converted to IQ digital signal, and DBF receiver module 232A, filtering processing module 233A are used in numeric field, process IQ digital signal.
Digital processing element 13 Zhong Ge road receives treatment channel to after IQ analog, the IQ digital signal of each road reception treatment channel that added up according to related algorithm by combiner238, is transferred to Base Band Unit BBU (Base Band Unit) after closing road.
Wherein, this related algorithm can be understood as: from multi-path parallel signal, can extract the signal with correlation and remove incoherent signal (as interference and noise signal) etc.
Wherein, this transmitting treatment channel comprises:
Peak clipper CFR234A, for carrying out reduction peak factor (CrestFactor Reduction) process to the IQ digital signal after S/P conversion;
DBF transmitter module 235A, for carrying out digital beam-forming to the IQ digital signal after peak clipper 234A process;
DPD module 236A, for carrying out digital pre-distortion (Digital Pre-distortion) process to the IQ digital signal after DBF transmitter module 235A process, to improve the non-linear of the power amplifier PA of transmission channel in transceiver unit, make transmission channel linearisation in transceiver unit.
D/A converter module DAC237A, for carrying out DAC conversion to the IQ digital signal after DPD module 236A process, being converted to and launching IQ analog signal.
As seen from the above, first the signal produced from Base Band Unit BBU launches IQ digital signal by S/P conversion (serial/parallel) 239 output multi-channel, enters every road and launches treatment channel.Launch in treatment channel on every road, peak clipper CFR234A, DBF transmitter module 235A, DPD module 236A, D/A converter module DAC237A are connected successively according to signal transmission direction, launch IQ digital signal for process in numeric field.
It should be noted that, when the linearity of transmission channel in transceiver unit is relatively good, launching treatment channel can not have DPD module.
It should be noted that, the antenna oscillator that a transceiver unit can be connected with transceiver unit, and reception treatment channel in the digital processing element to be connected with transceiver unit and launch treatment channel can the module of being integrally formed, so, in the active antenna of the embodiment of the present invention, can the quantity of swap modules according to actual needs, flexible configuration becomes the base station of various antenna gain.
Continue and refer to Fig. 3, the digital processing element 13 of embodiment of the present invention active antenna also comprises:
Receive calibration algorithm module 301A, calibration IQ digital signal is received for generating, when this reception calibration IQ digital signal is converted to IQ analog signal, the receive path of selection is entered by this transmitting-receiving alignment unit 14, down-conversion is demodulated into IQ analog signal, when being then converted into IQ digital signal, this reception calibration algorithm module 301A calibrates IQ digital signal according to the IQ digital signal transformed with this reception and compares, obtain amplitude and the phase place of the receive path of this selection, refresh amplitude and the phase place of the receive path of this selection, when this reception calibration algorithm module 301A refreshes amplitude and the phase place of all receive paths, this reception calibration algorithm module 301A is according to the amplitude of all receive paths and phase place, obtain reception amplitude and phase value, this reception calibration algorithm module 301A compares according to the amplitude of this reception amplitude and phase value and each road receive path and phase place, obtain the amplitude of each road receive path and the reception correction factor of phase place,
Receive DBF algoritic module 302, for this reception correction factor being configured at the digital beam-forming DBF receiver module 232A in each road reception treatment channel;
This digital beam-forming DBF receiver module 232A, to the IQ digital signal digital beam-forming that the IQ analog signal of this down-conversion demodulation is changed;
Transmitting calibration algoritic module 401, for gathering IQ digital signal, when this IQ digital signal is converted to IQ analog signal, the transmission channel modulation entering selection up-converts to radiofrequency signal, this transmitting-receiving alignment unit 14 gathers this radiofrequency signal, down-conversion is demodulated into IQ analog signal, this transmitting calibration algoritic module 401 compares with the IQ digital signal of this collection according to the IQ digital signal after the IQ analog signal conversion of down-conversion demodulation, obtain amplitude and the phase place of the transmission channel selected, refresh amplitude and the phase place of the transmission channel of this selection, when this transmitting calibration algoritic module 401 refreshes amplitude and the phase place of all transmission channels, obtain transmitting amplitude and phase value, this transmitting calibration algoritic module 401 compares according to the amplitude of this transmitting amplitude and phase value and each road transmission channel and phase place, obtain the amplitude of each road transmission channel and the transmitting correction factor of phase place,
Launch DBF algoritic module 405, for this transmitting correction factor being configured at the DBF transmitter module 235A in each road transmitting treatment channel;
This DBF transmitter module 235A, for the IQ digital signal digital beam-forming after slicing process.
Wherein, reception amplitude and phase value can be: the amplitude of all receive paths and the mean value of phase place; Also can be: according to amplitude and the phase place of all receive paths that this reception calibration algorithm module 301A finds minimum value or the maximum of all receive path amplitudes and phase place, this minimum value or maximum can as reception amplitude and phase values; Can also be maybe: according to amplitude and the phase place of all receive paths that this reception calibration algorithm module 301A is using the amplitude of arbitrary receive path and phase place as reception amplitude and phase value.
In like manner, this transmitting amplitude and phase value can be: the amplitude of all transmission channels and the mean value of phase place; Also can be: according to amplitude and the phase place of all transmission channels that this transmitting calibration algoritic module 401 finds minimum value or the maximum of all transmission channel amplitudes and phase place, this minimum value or maximum can as transmitting amplitude and phase values; Can also be maybe: according to amplitude and the phase place of all transmission channels that this transmitting calibration algoritic module 401 is using the amplitude of arbitrary transmission channel and phase place as transmitting amplitude and phase value.
Wherein, this digital beam-forming DBF receiver module 232A is connected with filtration module 233A and ADC231A respectively; This DBF transmitter module 235A is connected with CFR234A and DPD236A respectively.
Received signal strength and the process that transmits of the active antenna that the embodiment of the present invention provides are as follows:
During Received signal strength, the electromagnetic wave signal receiving travelling carriage is converted to radiofrequency signal by antenna oscillator 111, through Duplex221A, LNA222A, receive the demodulation of down conversion module 224A down-conversion and obtain IQ analog signal, this IQ analog signal is by ADC231A conversion, DBF receiver module 232A digital beam-forming, after the filtration module 233A such as coefficient decimation filter CIC, half band filter HBF and finite impulse response filter FIR filtering, synthesized by synthesizer COMBINER238, be transferred to BBU;
When transmitting, to the signal that BBU sends, first launch IQ digital signal by serial/parallel conversion (S/P) 239 output multi-channel, enter each transmitting treatment channel, after CFR234 slicing, realize digital beam-forming by DBF sending module 235A, then through DPD236A digital pre-distortion, DAC237A changes, radiofrequency signal is obtained through launching up-converter module 225A modulation up-conversion, PA223A finally arrives Duplex221A, is launched by antenna oscillator 111 after amplifying.
Continue and refer to Fig. 3, this transmitting-receiving alignment unit 14 comprises:
Receive calibrated channel 241, one end is connected with reception calibration algorithm module 301A by the DAC in digital processing element, one end is connected with switch matrix 243, the IQ digital signal produced as this reception calibration algorithm module 301A is converted to IQ analog signal, and this reception calibrated channel is used for this IQ analog signal up-conversion to be modulated to receive calibrate radio frequency signal;
Transmitting calibration passage 242, one end is connected with transmitting calibration algoritic module 401 by the ADC in digital processing element, one end is connected with switch matrix 243, for the radiofrequency signal down-conversion of transmission channel in transceiver unit array is demodulated into transmitting calibration IQ analog signal;
Switch matrix 243, one end is connected with this reception calibrated channel with this transmitting calibration passage, one end is coupled with the front end of receive path in transceiver unit array and transmission channel by coupler 402, receive path and transmission channel in transceiver unit array is switched for timesharing, Shi Ge road receive path shares and receives calibrated channel, and each road sendaisle shares transmitting calibration passage.
Wherein, in this transceiver unit array, the front end of receive path and transmission channel can be, between antenna oscillator and duplexer (duplexer namely in receive path and between antenna oscillator, or duplexer in transmission channel and between antenna oscillator).
Figure 4 shows that the amplitude and phase place flow chart that refresh receive path.Wherein, the amplitude and the phase place flow process that refresh receive path comprise:
Step 501: switch matrix selects a road receive path;
Step 502: receive calibration algorithm module 301A and generate reception calibration IQ digital signal;
Step 503: be converted to IQ analog signal through DAC, this IQ analog signal enters reception calibrated channel, and modulation up-converts to and receives calibrate radio frequency signal;
Step 504: this receives calibrate radio frequency signal through switch matrix 243, is coupled into receive path by coupler 402, is reduced to IQ analog signal in the receive path selecting calibration by down-conversion demodulation;
Step 505: this IQ analog signal is converted to IQ digital signal through the ADC of digital processing element;
Step 506: receive calibration algorithm module 301A compare ADC conversion after IQ digital signal calibrate IQ digital signal with by receiving the reception that calibration algorithm module 301A generates, obtain amplitude and the phase place of this receive path, refresh amplitude and the phase place of the receive path selected.
Refresh the amplitude of receive path and the flow process of phase place above repetition, start the amplitude and the phase place that refresh next road receive path.
Wherein, in the receive path selecting calibration, being reduced to IQ analog signal by down-conversion demodulation is, by the reception down conversion module 224A in transceiver unit, the demodulation of reception calibrate radio frequency signal down-conversion is reduced to IQ analog signal.
It should be noted that, when the amplitude of this refreshing receive path and phase place flow process start, need first electrifying startup.
Further, the amplitude and the phase place flow process that refresh receive path also comprise, refresh amplitude and the phase place of all receive paths, this reception calibration algorithm module 301A obtains reception amplitude and phase value according to the amplitude of all receive paths and phase place, amplitude and the phase place of this reception amplitude and phase value and each road receive path compare, and obtain the amplitude of each road receive path and the reception correction factor of phase place;
This reception correction factor is configured at the digital beam-forming DBF receiver module in each road reception treatment channel by reception DBF algoritic module 302.
Wherein, reception amplitude and phase value can be: the amplitude of all receive paths and the mean value of phase place; Also can be: according to amplitude and the phase place of all receive paths that this reception calibration algorithm module 301A finds minimum value or the maximum of all receive path amplitudes and phase place, this minimum value or maximum can as reception amplitude and phase values; Can also be maybe: according to amplitude and the phase place of all receive paths that this reception calibration algorithm module 301A is using the amplitude of arbitrary receive path and phase place as reception amplitude and phase value.
Such as, (A1 can be a special signal to send digital signal A1 from digital processing element DPU13, as: single-tone sinusoidal signal, pseudo-random signal, pseudo noise signal etc.), A1 is after the DAC conversion of DPU13, radiofrequency signal is up-converted in the internal modulation of reception calibrated channel, through switch matrix, this radiofrequency signal to be coupled in transceiver unit array wherein in a road receive path between antenna oscillator and duplexer, the signal of coupling is through duplexer, LNA, receive down conversion module, again through ADC process, obtain digital signal A2, relatively after A1 and A2, obtain amplitude and the phase place of this receive path.Because Coupling point is before duplexer, so the impact of the amplitude to received signal duplexer can introduced and phase place also takes into account.
Figure 5 shows that the amplitude and phase place flow chart that refresh transmission channel.The amplitude and the phase place flow process that refresh transmission channel comprise:
Step 601: switch matrix selects that riches all the way penetrates passage;
Step 602: transmitting calibration algoritic module gathers IQ digital signal;
Step 603:IQ digital signal is converted into IQ analog signal through DAC, and this IQ analog signal is modulated to radiofrequency signal through transmission channel up-conversion;
Step 604: the coupler 402 be coupled with transmission channel sample this up-conversion modulate after radiofrequency signal, through switch matrix, be demodulated into transmitting calibration IQ analog signal by transmitting calibration passage down-conversion;
Step 605: this transmitting calibration IQ analog signal is converted to IQ digital signal through ADC;
Step 606: transmitting calibration algoritic module 401 according to the IQ digital signal gathered be converted to IQ digital signal through ADC and compare, obtain amplitude and the phase place of this transmission channel, refresh amplitude and the phase place of the transmission channel selected.
Switch matrix selects next road transmission channel, repeats step 602, starts the process that a new round refreshes transmission channel amplitude and phase place.
It should be noted that, when the amplitude of refreshing transmission channel and phase place flow process start, need first electrifying startup.
Such as, from Base Band Unit send signal be converted to X1 through S/P, X1 in DPU (digital processing element) after DAC process, radiofrequency signal is modulated to transmitting up-converter module, then through PA, duplexer, coupler detects, transmitting calibration passage is entered from switch matrix, in transmitting calibration passage, down-conversion demodulation is reduced to IQ analog signal and enters DPU, through ADC conversion, obtains digital signal Y1, relatively X1 and Y1, obtains amplitude and the phase place of this transmission channel.Because Coupling point is after duplexer, so can also taking into account duplexer introducing the impact of the amplitude transmitted and phase place.
Further, the amplitude and the phase place flow process that refresh transmission channel also comprise, when refreshing amplitude and the phase place of all transmission channels, transmitting calibration algoritic module 401 obtains transmitting amplitude and phase value according to the amplitude of all transmission channels and phase place, transmitting calibration algoritic module 401 compares according to the amplitude of this transmitting amplitude and phase value and each road transmission channel and phase place, obtains the amplitude of each road transmission channel and the transmitting correction factor of phase place; This transmitting correction factor is configured at the DBF transmitter module in each road transmitting treatment channel by transmitting DBF algoritic module 405.
Wherein, this transmitting amplitude and phase value can be: the amplitude of all transmission channels and the mean value of phase place; Also can be: according to amplitude and the phase place of all transmission channels that this transmitting calibration algoritic module 401 finds minimum value or the maximum of all transmission channel amplitudes and phase place, this minimum value or maximum can as transmitting amplitude and phase values; Can also be maybe: according to amplitude and the phase place of all transmission channels that this close alignment algoritic module 401 is using the amplitude of arbitrary transmission channel and phase place as transmitting amplitude and phase value.
Wherein, the selection of switch matrix 243 pairs of receive paths and transmission channel, can be controlled by a switch matrix control module 244, switch matrix control module 244 can be integrated in a module with switch matrix 243, and this switch matrix control module 244 also can be positioned at digital processing element DPU13.
As seen from the above, to transmit between antenna oscillator and duplexer and be coupled to transmitting calibration passage, or reception calibrate radio frequency signal coupling to receive path, the inconsistency of amplitude and the phase place introduced due to duplexer can be eliminated like this, and make transmitting-receiving calibrate shared same coupling channel, simplify circuit design, reduce the area of pcb board.
Wherein, using switch matrix 243 to carry out switching can for these reasons: on the one hand, owing to there being multiple transceiver unit, if receive path and transmission channel all configure one receive calibrated channel and transmitting calibration passage, circuit can be very complicated; On the other hand, if calibrated channel does not share, then receive calibration algorithm module 301A and only know the total amplitude and total phase place that receive calibrated channel and receive path formation loop, cannot know and receive the respective amplitude of calibrated channel and receive path and phase place, equally, transmitting calibration algoritic module 405 only knows that transmitting calibration passage and transmission channel form total amplitude of loop and total phase place, cannot know the respective amplitude of transmitting calibration passage and transmission channel and phase place, therefore cannot accurately calibrate; Again on the one hand, although the amplitude of active circuit and phase property change exist always, rate is very little over time, so only need a road transmitting-receiving calibrated channel, utilizes time-multiplexed method, just can correctly follow the tracks of this rate of change.
In order to the amplitude and phase place that ensure the radiofrequency signal that transceiver unit array Zhong Ge road receive path receives have common reference, transceiver unit array Zhong Ge road receive path shares one and receives local oscillation signal; In order to the amplitude and phase place that ensure the radiofrequency signal that transceiver unit array Zhong Ge road transmission channel is launched have common reference, transceiver unit array Zhong Ge road transmission channel shares one and launches local oscillation signal.These can realize by sharing voltage controlled oscillator VCO (Voltage Control Oscillator).
As shown in Figure 6, for transmission channel each in transceiver unit array, each receive path share the schematic diagram of local oscillation signal respectively.The output signal of transmission channel voltage controlled oscillator TX_VCO drives distribution network by clock, be divided into TX_LO1, TX_LO2 ... TX_LOM, TX_LO_C signal, coordination between these signals, wherein, TX_LO1, TX_LO2......TX_LOM are connected to M road respectively and launch up-converter circuit, as the local oscillation signal of transmission channel, TX_LO_C is then connected to transmitting calibration passage as local oscillation signal; The output signal of receive path voltage controlled oscillator RX_VCO drives distribution network by clock, be divided into RX_LO1, RX_LO2 ... RX_LOM, RX_LO_C signal, it is also coordination between these signals, wherein RX_LO1, RX_LO2......RX_LOM are connected to M road respectively and receive lower frequency changer circuit, as the local oscillation signal of receive path, RX_LO_C is then connected to reception calibrated channel, as the local oscillation signal receiving calibrated channel.
The digital pre-distortion DPD module in treatment channel is launched on digital processing element 13 Zhong Ge road, for the linearization process of the power amplifier PA to transceiver unit array Zhong Ge road transmission channel.Independently DPD feedback path can be used, also transmitting calibration passage can be used as DPD feedback path.
The algorithm flow of DPD is similar with phase place flow process to the amplitude refreshing transmission channel, and just the result of amplitude and phase compare is the nonlinear characteristic of reflection transmission channel, and according to this nonlinear characteristic, corrects IQ digital signal, make transmission channel linearisation.So DPD feedback path also can utilize whole hardware circuits of transmitting calibration passage, but need increase DPD algorithm (DPD Algorithm), DPD module in digital processing element 13 to realize, do not repeat them here.
If DPD feedback path and transmitting calibration passage share, then can reduce the coupler quantity of half.Because DPD is the non-linear of large-signal (as power is greater than the signal of 2W) for improving power amplifier PA, so receive path does not need DPD.
The active antenna of the embodiment of the present invention, during Received signal strength, digital processing element is according to receiving and dispatching alignment unit to IQ digital signal digital beam-forming; When sending signal, digital processing element is according to receiving and dispatching alignment unit to the IQ digital signal digital beam-forming of serial/parallel conversion.Thus the amplitude and phase place transmitting and receiving radiofrequency signal is adjusted, the complex structure adopting phase-shift network to bring can be avoided, and not too reliable problem.
Further, because each components and parts forming transceiver unit array 12 have dispersiveness, make same signal be input in two transceiver units simultaneously, the amplitude of the two paths of signals finally obtained and phase property are different, and the transmitting-receiving alignment unit of increase can coordinate DBF algoritic module 235A and 232A to realize digital beam-forming.Making digital processing element 13 when processing reception IQ analog signal, needing the reception IQ digital signal after correcting DAC231A conversion in advance, receive IQ digital signal to make combiner238 according to related algorithm is cumulative; Making digital processing element 13 when processing transmitting IQ analog signal simultaneously, being corrected in advance by DBF algoritic module 235A and launching IQ digital signal, to adjust amplitude and the phase place of emitting radio frequency signal, thus correct transmitting pattern and receiving pattern can be obtained.
Embodiment two,
In embodiments of the present invention, in digital processing element 13, DBF processing module (digital beam-forming DBF receiver module, DBF transmitter module) is carried out based on pattern or carrier wave, can process the transmitting-receiving IQ analog signal of multi-module multiple carrier.
See Fig. 7, the schematic diagram for the reception DBF processing module based on pattern or carrier wave:
The IQ analog signal of each receive path (being assumed to be M road receive path) is converted to M road IQ digital signal by ADC, the signal multiplication (Digital Down Convert) that each road in the IQ digital signal of M road receive path exports with numerically-controlled oscillator NCO1, NCO2 ... the NCON based on pattern or carrier wave, is divided into N road single mode Received signal strength or N road single carrier Received signal strength;
The first via single mode Received signal strength of M road receive path or the first via single carrier Received signal strength of M road receive path carry out digital beam-forming DBF1.1, DBF2.1......DBFM.1 process respectively, process through mixer (combiner1 in Fig. 7), through CIC, HBF and FIR process, obtain first via signal f1 (f1 in Fig. 7)
In like manner, second road single mode Received signal strength or the second road single carrier Received signal strength are respectively through DBF1.2, DBF2.2......DBFM.2 process, then road is closed by combiner2 (shown in Fig. 7), through CIC, HBF and FIR process, obtain the second road signal f2 (shown in Fig. 7);
By that analogy, N road single mode Received signal strength or MF Multi-Channel Per Carrier Received signal strength are respectively through DBF1.N, DBF2.N......DBFM.N process, then road is closed by combinerN (shown in Fig. 7), through CIC, HBF and FIR process, obtain N road signal fN (shown in Fig. 7);
Each road signal f1 f2......fN, by combiner238, synthesizes a road signal and exports to Base Band Unit.
Wherein, f1, f2......fN can be single carrier or single mode IQ digital signal.
See Fig. 8, the schematic diagram for the transmitting DBF processing module based on pattern or carrier wave:
The signal that BBU sends is through serial/parallel conversion (S/P) 239, obtain N road IQ digital signal (i.e. N road IQ digital signal and N railway digital control oscillator corresponding), each road IQ digital signal and the numerically-controlled oscillator NCO1 based on carrier wave or pattern in the IQ digital signal of N road, NCO2, ... the output signal of NCON is multiplied (Digital Down Convert), obtain N road single mode emission signal or N road single carrier transmits (in Fig. 8 f1 f2......fN), N road single mode emission signal or N road single carrier transmit (in Fig. 8 f1 f2......fN) respectively through DBF1.1, DBF1.2......DBF1.N process, the process of conjunction road is carried out according to predetermined algorithm, obtain the first via (in Fig. 8, namely closing the signal on road by Combiner1 is the first via) transmit based on the synthesis of pattern or carrier wave.
In like manner, N road single mode emission signal or N road single carrier transmit (f1 f2 f3......fN) respectively through DBF2.1, DBF2.2......DBF2.N process, carry out the process of conjunction road according to predetermined algorithm, obtain the second tunnel (namely closing the signal on road by Combiner2 is the second tunnel) and transmit based on the synthesis of pattern or carrier wave.
By that analogy, N road single mode emission signal or N road single carrier transmit (f1 f2 f3......fN) respectively through DBFM.1, DBFM.2......DBFM.N process, carry out the process of conjunction road according to predetermined algorithm, obtain M road (namely closing the signal on road by CombinerM is M road) and transmit based on the synthesis of pattern or carrier wave.
As seen from the above, N road single mode emission signal or N road single carrier transmit (f1 f2 f3......fN) finally synthesized M road and transmitted.Then, each M road transmits and carries out CFR and DPD process respectively, and last DAC is converted to IQ analog signal output to each road transmission channel of transceiver unit.
According to the above-mentioned DBF algorithm carried out based on pattern or carrier wave, can realize the process of multi-module multiple carrier receiving and transmitting signal, the active antenna of the embodiment of the present invention or base station can obtain the radiation pattern of different mode or carrier wave.
Embodiment three:
On the active antenna provided in the embodiment of the present invention one and/or embodiment two or the basis of base station, simple merit combiner network can be increased, the active antenna provided for the embodiment of the present invention see Fig. 9, Fig. 9 or the structural representation of base station.
The embodiment of the present invention three is with the difference of embodiment one, merit combiner network 75 is added between this antenna element array 71 and this transceiver unit array 72, during Received signal strength, the small-signal conjunction Lu Weiyi road that multiple antenna oscillator can receive by this merit combiner network 75 is transferred to the transceiver unit in transceiver unit array 72; When transmitting, the radiofrequency signal of the transceiver unit in this transceiver unit array 72 gives multiple antenna oscillator by merit combiner Internet Transmission.
Merit combiner network in the embodiment of the present invention can be made up of Wilkinson merit combiner network, and therefore simply, loss is very little for cable or printing board PCB (Painted Circuit Board) interconnection.
Adopt the active antenna of the embodiment of the present invention three, each transceiver unit connects more than one antenna oscillator, preferred each transceiver unit connects 2 or 3 antenna oscillators, or various combination, and the quantity of transceiver unit can be made significantly to reduce.
Embodiment four:
On the basis of above embodiment, also Base Band Unit BBU can be integrated in active antenna or inside of base station, as shown in Figure 10.
The comparatively above embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention four, mount scheme is more simple.
On the basis of above embodiment, embodiments provide a kind of method refreshing receive path, as shown in figure 11, comprising:
Step 901, selects a road receive path;
Step 902, receive calibration IQ analog signal and enter reception calibrated channel, modulation up-converts to radiofrequency signal;
Step 903, this radiofrequency signal is coupled into the receive path of selection, and down-conversion is demodulated into IQ analog signal;
Step 904, compares this IQ analog signal and IQ analog signal is calibrated in this reception, obtains amplitude and the phase place of the receive path of this selection;
Step 905, according to this amplitude and phase place, refreshes amplitude and the phase place of the receive path of this selection.
On the basis of above embodiment, the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of method refreshing transmission channel, as shown in figure 12, comprising:
Step 1010, selects that riches all the way penetrates passage;
Step 1020, gather IQ digital signal, IQ digital signal is converted into the transmission channel that IQ analog signal enters selection, and modulation up-converts to radiofrequency signal;
Step 1030, this radiofrequency signal is coupled into transmitting calibration passage, and down-conversion is demodulated into transmitting calibration IQ analog signal;
Step 1040, this transmitting calibration IQ analog signal is converted into IQ digital signal, compares the IQ digital signal of collection and the IQ digital signal after transforming, obtains amplitude and the phase place of the transmission channel of this selection;
Step 1050, according to this amplitude and phase place, refreshes amplitude and the phase place of the transmission channel of this selection.
The refreshing receive path that the embodiment of the present invention provides and the method for transmission channel, can calibration in advance IQ digital signal, eliminate amplitude and the Sensor gain and phase perturbations of each road receive path or transmission channel, to make in digital processing element to receive IQ digital signal according to related algorithm each road of adding up, to obtain correct receiving pattern, or the amplitude of the radiofrequency signal of this antenna element array of arrival and phase place are regularly distributed, obtains correct transmitting pattern.
The embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of method for processing received signal based on pattern or carrier wave, as shown in figure 13, comprising:
Step 1110, the IQ analog signal of M road receive path is converted into M road IQ digital signal, and each road IQ digital signal is by being divided into N road single mode Received signal strength or N road single carrier Received signal strength based on the numerically-controlled oscillator NCO of pattern or carrier wave;
Step 1120, each N road single mode Received signal strength of M road receive path or each N road single carrier Received signal strength of M road receive path carry out digital beam-forming process respectively;
Step 1130, the single carrier Received signal strength of the M road receive path in the single mode Received signal strength of the M road receive path in each N road single mode Received signal strength or each N road single carrier Received signal strength closes road through mixer, by CIC, HBF and FIR process, obtain N road IQ digital signal;
Step 1140, N road IQ digital signal synthesizes a road by mixer, is transferred to Base Band Unit.
Wherein, M road receive path can be 3-20 road receive path, and preferably, M road can be 4-12 road;
N road can be 1-8 road.Preferred N road can be 1-4 road.
The embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of processing method that transmits based on pattern or carrier wave, as shown in figure 14, comprising:
Step 1210, transmit and obtain N road IQ digital signal through serial/parallel conversion, each road IQ digital signal in the IQ digital signal of N road, by the numerically-controlled oscillator NCO based on carrier wave or pattern, obtains a road single mode emission IQ digital signal or a road single carrier transmitting IQ digital signal;
Step 1220, each road single mode emission IQ digital signal in the IQ digital signal of N road or each road single carrier in the IQ digital signal of N road launch IQ digital signal through the process of M DBF digital beam-forming, obtain M roadbed in the IQ digital signal of pattern or carrier wave;
Step 1230, the N road single carrier in the N road single mode emission IQ digital signal in each M road transmission channel or each M road transmission channel is launched IQ digital signal and is combined into a road by mixer;
Step 1240, M roadbed transmits respectively by CFR and DPD process in the synthesis of pattern or carrier wave, is converted to IQ analog signal output to each road transmission channel of transceiver unit.
Wherein, M road receive path can be 3-20 road receive path, and preferably, M road can be 4-12 road;
N road can be 1-8 road.Preferred N road can be 1-4 road.
The signal processing method based on pattern or carrier wave that the embodiment of the present invention provides, can be applied in the digital processing element of active antenna that the embodiment of the present invention provides or base station, realize the process of multi-module multiple carrier receiving and transmitting signal, obtain the radiation pattern of different mode or carrier wave.
It should be noted that, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or part of flow process realized in above-described embodiment method, that the hardware that can carry out instruction relevant by computer program has come, the program of being somebody's turn to do can be stored in a computer read/write memory medium, this program, when performing, can comprise the flow process of the embodiment as above-mentioned each side method.Wherein, the storage medium be somebody's turn to do can be magnetic disc, CD, read-only store-memory body (Read-OnlyMemory, ROM) or random store-memory body (Random Access Memory, RAM) etc.
The signal calibration method of the active antenna above embodiment of the present invention provided or base station, transceiver channel and introducing based on the signal processing method of pattern or carrier wave, the explanation of embodiment just understands method of the present invention and thought thereof for helping; For one of ordinary skill in the art, according to thought of the present invention, all will change in specific embodiments and applications, in sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.

Claims (12)

1. an active antenna, is characterized in that, comprises antenna element array, transceiver unit array, digital processing element,
Described antenna element array, comprises antenna oscillator, for the conversion of electromagnetic wave signal and radiofrequency signal;
Described transceiver unit array, comprises transceiver unit, and described transceiver unit is used for, and when Received signal strength, the radiofrequency signal down-conversion of described antenna oscillator is demodulated into IQ analog signal, exports to described digital processing element; Described transceiver unit also for, send signal time, by the IQ analog signal of described digital processing element modulation up-convert to radiofrequency signal, export to described antenna oscillator;
Described digital processing element is used for, and when Received signal strength, is converted to IQ digital signal to the IQ analog signal of described down-conversion demodulation, and to described IQ digital signal digital beam-forming; Described digital processing element also for, when sending signal, be converted to IQ digital signal to the signal of Base Band Unit is serial/parallel, peak factor process reduced to the IQ digital signal of described serial/parallel conversion, digital beam-forming is carried out to the IQ digital signal of described reduction peak factor process;
Wherein, described transceiver unit comprises receive path and transmission channel,
Described digital processing element specifically for: the IQ analog signal of M road receive path is converted into M road IQ digital signal, and each road IQ digital signal is divided into N road single mode Received signal strength or N road single carrier Received signal strength by N roadbed in the numerically-controlled oscillator NCO of pattern or carrier wave; Each N road single mode Received signal strength of M road receive path or each N road single carrier Received signal strength of M road receive path carry out digital beam-forming process respectively; The single carrier Received signal strength of the M road receive path in the single mode Received signal strength of the M road receive path in each N road single mode Received signal strength or each N road single carrier Received signal strength closes road through mixer, by the process of filtering processing module, obtains N road IQ digital signal; N road IQ digital signal synthesizes a road by mixer, is transferred to Base Band Unit; Or,
Described digital processing element specifically for: will transmit obtains N road IQ digital signal through serial/parallel conversion, each road IQ digital signal in the IQ digital signal of N road, by the numerically-controlled oscillator NCO based on carrier wave or pattern, obtains each road single mode emission IQ digital signal or each road single carrier transmitting IQ digital signal; Each road single mode emission IQ digital signal in the IQ digital signal of N road or each road single carrier in the IQ digital signal of N road launch IQ digital signal through the process of M DBF digital beam-forming, obtain M roadbed in the IQ digital signal of pattern or carrier wave; N road single carrier in N road single mode emission IQ digital signal in each M road transmission channel or each M road transmission channel is launched IQ digital signal and is combined into a road by mixer, obtains M roadbed in the synthesis of pattern or carrier wave to transmit; M roadbed transmits respectively by CFR and DPD process in the synthesis of pattern or carrier wave, is then converted to IQ analog signal output to each road transmission channel of transceiver unit.
2. active antenna according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described active antenna also comprises transmitting-receiving alignment unit, and described digital processing element comprises:
Receive calibration algorithm module, calibration IQ digital signal is received for generating, described reception calibration IQ digital signal is converted to IQ analog signal, enter the reception calibrated channel of described transmitting-receiving alignment unit, modulation up-converts to and receives calibrate radio frequency signal, described reception calibrate radio frequency signal coupling enters the receive path of selection, down-conversion is demodulated into IQ analog signal, then IQ digital signal is converted into, described reception calibration algorithm module is calibrated IQ digital signal according to the IQ digital signal of described conversion with the reception of described generation and is compared, obtain amplitude and the phase place of the receive path of described selection, refresh amplitude and the phase place of the receive path of described selection, described reception calibration algorithm module refreshes amplitude and the phase place of all receive paths, described reception calibration algorithm module is according to the amplitude of all receive paths and phase place, obtain reception amplitude and phase value, receive calibration algorithm module according to the amplitude of described reception amplitude and phase value and each road receive path and phase compare, obtain the amplitude of each road receive path and the reception correction factor of phase place,
Receive digital beam-forming DBF algoritic module, for described reception correction factor being configured at the digital beam-forming DBF receiver module in each road reception treatment channel;
Described digital beam-forming DBF receiver module, for the IQ digital signal digital beam-forming changed the IQ analog signal of described down-conversion demodulation;
Transmitting calibration algoritic module, for gathering IQ digital signal, the described IQ digital signal collected is converted to IQ analog signal, the transmission channel modulation entering selection up-converts to radiofrequency signal, described transmitting-receiving alignment unit gathers described radiofrequency signal, down-conversion is demodulated into IQ analog signal, described transmitting calibration algoritic module compares with the IQ digital signal of described collection according to the IQ digital signal after the IQ analog signal conversion of down-conversion demodulation, obtain amplitude and the phase place of the transmission channel selected, refresh amplitude and the phase place of the transmission channel of described selection, described transmitting calibration algoritic module refreshes amplitude and the phase place of all transmission channels, described transmitting calibration algoritic module is according to the amplitude of all transmission channels and phase place, obtain transmitting amplitude and phase value, described transmitting calibration algoritic module compares according to the amplitude of described transmitting amplitude and phase value and each road transmission channel and phase place, obtain the amplitude of each road transmission channel and the transmitting correction factor of phase place,
Launch DBF algoritic module, for described transmitting correction factor being configured at the DBF transmitter module in each road transmitting treatment channel;
Described DBF transmitter module, for the IQ digital signal digital beam-forming after slicing process.
3. active antenna according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described transmitting-receiving alignment unit comprises:
Receive calibrated channel, one end is connected with described reception calibration algorithm module by the D/A converter module DAC of digital processing element, one end is connected with switch matrix, the IQ digital signal that described reception calibration algorithm module produces, be converted to IQ analog signal by described DAC, the IQ analog signal modulation that described reception calibrated channel is used for described DAC to change up-converts to and receives calibrate radio frequency signal;
Transmitting calibration passage, one end is connected with transmitting calibration algoritic module by the ADC in digital processing element, one end is connected with described switch matrix, for the radiofrequency signal down-conversion of the transmission channel in transceiver unit array is demodulated into transmitting calibration IQ analog signal;
Described switch matrix, one end is connected with described reception calibrated channel with described transmitting calibration passage, one end is coupled by the front end of coupler with the receive path in described transceiver unit array and transmission channel, switches receive path in described transceiver unit array and transmission channel for timesharing.
4. active antenna according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described transceiver unit array Zhong Ge road receive path shares one and receives local oscillation signal; Described transceiver unit array Zhong Ge road transmission channel shares one and launches local oscillation signal.
5. active antenna according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the digital beam-forming DBF receiver module in described digital processing element and DBF transmitter module carry out based on pattern or carrier wave, for the formation of the antenna pattern of different mode or carrier wave.
6. active antenna according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described active antenna also comprises merit combiner network, be connected with at least one transceiver unit at least two antenna oscillators of described antenna element array and described transceiver unit array, during Received signal strength, the small-signal conjunction Lu Weiyi road that described at least two antenna oscillators receive by described merit combiner network is transferred at least one transceiver unit in described transceiver unit array; When transmitting, the radiofrequency signal of at least one transceiver unit in described transceiver unit array gives described at least two antenna oscillators by merit combiner Internet Transmission.
7. active antenna according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described active antenna also comprises Base Band Unit BBU, and described Base Band Unit is connected with described digital processing element.
8. active antenna according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described antenna oscillator, the receive path of transceiver unit be connected with described antenna oscillator and transmission channel, and receive treatment channel and launch the integrated module for the treatment of channel in the digital processing element be connected with transmission channel with the receive path of transceiver unit.
9., based on a method for processing received signal for pattern or carrier wave, it is characterized in that, comprising:
The IQ analog signal of M road receive path is converted into M road IQ digital signal, and each road IQ digital signal is divided into N road single mode Received signal strength or N road single carrier Received signal strength by N roadbed in the numerically-controlled oscillator NCO of pattern or carrier wave;
Each N road single mode Received signal strength of M road receive path or each N road single carrier Received signal strength of M road receive path carry out digital beam-forming process respectively;
The single carrier Received signal strength of the M road receive path in the single mode Received signal strength of the M road receive path in each N road single mode Received signal strength or each N road single carrier Received signal strength closes road through mixer, by the process of filtering processing module, obtains N road IQ digital signal;
N road IQ digital signal synthesizes a road by mixer, is transferred to Base Band Unit.
10., according to claim 9 based on the method for processing received signal of pattern or carrier wave, it is characterized in that, described M is 3-20 road, and described N is 2-8 road.
11. 1 kinds, based on the processing method that transmits of pattern or carrier wave, is characterized in that, comprising:
Transmit and obtain N road IQ digital signal through serial/parallel conversion, each road IQ digital signal in the IQ digital signal of N road, by the numerically-controlled oscillator NCO based on carrier wave or pattern, obtains each road single mode emission IQ digital signal or each road single carrier transmitting IQ digital signal;
Each road single mode emission IQ digital signal in the IQ digital signal of N road or each road single carrier in the IQ digital signal of N road launch IQ digital signal through the process of M digital beam-forming DBF digital beam-forming, obtain M roadbed in the IQ digital signal of pattern or carrier wave;
N road single carrier in N road single mode emission IQ digital signal in each M road transmission channel or each M road transmission channel is launched IQ digital signal and is combined into a road by mixer, obtains M roadbed in the synthesis of pattern or carrier wave to transmit;
M roadbed transmits respectively by peak clipper CFR and digital pre-distortion DPD process in the synthesis of pattern or carrier wave, is then converted to IQ analog signal output to each road transmission channel of transceiver unit.
12. according to the processing method that transmits based on pattern or carrier wave described in claim 11, and it is characterized in that, described M is 3-20 road, and described N is 2-8 road.
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