CN102594426B - Device and method for carrying out synchronous calibration on multiple receiving/transmitting channels of active antenna - Google Patents

Device and method for carrying out synchronous calibration on multiple receiving/transmitting channels of active antenna Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102594426B
CN102594426B CN201210039326.6A CN201210039326A CN102594426B CN 102594426 B CN102594426 B CN 102594426B CN 201210039326 A CN201210039326 A CN 201210039326A CN 102594426 B CN102594426 B CN 102594426B
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transmitting
calibration
calibration tool
port
receiving
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CN102594426A (en
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孔维刚
雷红
白朝军
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ZTE Corp
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ZTE Corp
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Priority to PCT/CN2012/078510 priority patent/WO2013123753A1/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/10Monitoring; Testing of transmitters
    • H04B17/11Monitoring; Testing of transmitters for calibration
    • H04B17/12Monitoring; Testing of transmitters for calibration of transmit antennas, e.g. of the amplitude or phase
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0617Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02DCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for carrying out synchronous calibration on multiple receiving/transmitting channels of an active antenna. The method comprises the following steps of: testing amplitude and phase differences of a calibrating tool, and setting up a calibrating environment corresponding to each transmitting/receiving channel and between a receiving/transmitting radio frequency module and a calibrating device; acquiring and storing offline amplitude and phase information of each transmitting/receiving channel by a digital processing module; according to the amplitude and phase differences of the calibrating tool and the stored amplitude and phase information of each transmitting/receiving channel, carrying out amplitude and phase compensation on each transmitting/receiving channel; and carrying out equal amplitude and equal phase verification on each transmitting/receiving channel subjected to amplitude and phase compensation, if each transmitting/receiving channel is qualified through verification, carrying out transmitting/receiving wave-beam forming. The invention also discloses a device for carrying out synchronous calibration on multiple receiving/transmitting channels of the active antenna. With the adoption of the method and device disclosed by the invention, the synchronous calibration of each transmitting/receiving channel can be realized under the condition that no additional hardware module is added in an active antenna system, thereby effectively reducing the cost, volume and power consumption of the active antenna system.

Description

A kind of apparatus and method of many transceiver channels of active antenna synchronous calibration
Technical field
The present invention relates to moving communicating field, relate in particular to a kind of apparatus and method of many transceiver channels of active antenna synchronous calibration.
Background technology
In existing mobile communication system, each community utilizes the antenna that is arranged on tower top to transmit and receive signal conventionally, and utilize the mode of Remote Radio Unit (RRU) by feeder line to offer that antenna is high-power to transmit, and utilize feeder line by antenna reception to signal be sent to RRU and do further processing.Beam forming based on this framework completes in antenna, and described antenna is generally passive antenna, and required amplitude, the phase difference of beam forming completed by inner antenna feeder network and phase-shift network conventionally.It is worth mentioning that, this phase-shift network adopts motor-driven mechanical structure to realize, structure relative complex, and in antenna element phase adjusted process, reliability is not high.
Along with active antenna is introduced in the application of mobile communication system, beam forming technique transfers in digital processing element to be realized.Before beam forming, need to do amplitude, phase alignment to each reception and transmission channel, make can realize between multichannel sending and receiving passage synchronous.
Current existing active antenna calibration steps conventionally adds transmitting-receiving calibration module and realizes in antenna system, for example: the patent No. is CN 101651480A, denomination of invention is the patent of " method of active antenna, base station, refreshing amplitude and phase place and signal processing method ", it has increased the calibration that special transmitting-receiving calibrated channel and coupler complete sending and receiving passage in antenna system, make the complex structure of whole antenna system, and expensive.Certainly, in prior art, also has other calibration steps, if the patent No. is CN 101916919A, the patent that denomination of invention is " a kind of method and active antenna of calibrating active antenna ", its receiver is calibrated receive path by external noise antenna reception, on receiver frequency band, although described method has been saved special calibrating installation, calibrate feasibility difficulty larger, be unfavorable for batch production; In addition, the reflector calibration in described calibration steps has increased special pip device, has also increased cost.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of apparatus and method of many transceiver channels of active antenna synchronous calibration, can in the situation that active antenna system does not have additionally to add hardware module, realize the synchronous calibration of each transceiver channel, effectively reduce cost, volume and the power consumption of active antenna system.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that
The device that the invention provides a kind of many transceiver channels of active antenna synchronous calibration, this device comprises: the digital signal processing module in active antenna, transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module and external calibration equipment; Wherein,
Described calibrating installation comprises calibration tool and signal generator, for being connected with transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module, is built into the calibration environment of each transmitting/receiving passage; Wherein, the width of described calibration tool, differ determined before each transceiver channel is calibrated;
Described digital signal processing module, for gathering and store off-line width, the phase information of each transmitting/receiving passage; According to the width of calibration tool, differ with width, the phase information of each transmitting/receiving passage of having stored each transmitting/receiving passage carried out to width, compensation mutually, and to width, mutually compensation after each transmitting/receiving passage carry out constant amplitude, etc. mutually checking, determine when checking is qualified, carry out transmitting/receiving beam forming;
Described transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module, during for off-line transmitting/receiving calibrate, the calibrating signal transmission channel between digital signal processing module and calibration tool; Be connected with calibrating installation, be built into the calibration environment of each transmitting/receiving passage.
Wherein, described calibration tool is: 1 power splitter or the N that is divided into N selects 1 switch arrays.
Wherein, described digital signal processing module, be further used for constant amplitude, etc. verify mutually when defective, again each transmitting/receiving passage is calibrated.
The present invention also provides a kind of method of many transceiver channels of active antenna synchronous calibration, and the method comprises:
The width of detection calibration frock, differ, build the calibration environment of corresponding each transmitting/receiving passage between transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module and calibrating installation;
Digital signal processing module collection off-line width, the phase information of storing each transmitting/receiving passage; According to the width of calibration tool, differ with width, the phase information of each transmitting/receiving passage of having stored each transmitting/receiving passage carried out to width, compensation mutually; To width, mutually each transmitting/receiving passage after compensation carry out constant amplitude, etc. checking mutually, if verify qualifiedly, carry out transmitting/receiving beam forming.
Wherein, described calibration tool is: 1 power splitter or the N that is divided into N selects 1 switch arrays.
Wherein, described calibration tool is switch arrays, and when each transmission channel is calibrated, described in build calibration environment, gather and store off-line width, the phase information of each passage, be specially:
Simultaneously corresponding being connected of delivery outlet ANT1~ANTN with transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module by Port1~PortN port of calibration tool, PortN+1 port is connected with the PRX CAL port of the feedback path of transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module;
By diverter switch array, the PortN+1 port of calibration tool is successively connected with Port1~PortN port respectively, gather the width of each road transmission channel, during phase information, the equal transmitting calibration signal of testing source TSG in digital processing element DPU in digital signal processing module, after being processed by digital signal processing module, through digital to analog converter DAC and transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module Zhong Ge road transmission channel, power amplifier and duplexer, by calibration tool, send feedback path to, through feedback path, gather the width of the first to N road transmission channel, phase information, and be stored in the TX RAM module in digital signal processing module DPU.
Wherein, described calibration tool is power splitter, and when each transmission channel is calibrated, described in build calibration environment, gather and store off-line width, the phase information of each passage, be specially:
Port1~PortN port of calibration tool is corresponding connected with the delivery outlet ANT1~ANTN of transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module, and PortN+1 port is connected with the PRX CAL port of the feedback path of transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module;
TSG transmitting calibration signal in DPU, after being processed by digital signal processing module, through DAC and transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module Zhong Ge road transmission channel, power amplifier and duplexer, by calibration tool, send feedback path to, through feedback path, gather width, the phase information of each road transmission channel, and be stored in the TX RAM module in digital signal processing module DPU.
Wherein, described calibration tool is power splitter, and when each receive path is calibrated, described in build calibration environment, gather and store off-line width, the phase information of each passage, be specially:
Calibration tool Port1~PortN port is connected with each delivery outlet ANT1~ANTN of transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module respectively, the PortN+1 port of calibration tool is connected with signal generator, signal generator produces calibrating signal, via calibration tool merit, divide and give each road receive path, calibrating signal Ge road receives via duplexer, LNA LNA and receive path in transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module, and the analog to digital converter ADC in digital signal processing module, the RX RAM module collection in digital signal processing module DPU amplitude, the phase information of storing each road receive path.
Wherein, described calibration tool is switch arrays, and when each receive path is calibrated, described in build calibration environment, gather and store off-line width, the phase information of each passage, be specially:
Port1~PortN port of calibration tool is connected with the delivery outlet ANT1~ANTN of transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module, PortN+1 port is connected with signal generator simultaneously;
By diverter switch array, the PortN+1 port of calibration tool is successively connected with Port1~PortN port respectively, gather the width of each road receive path, during phase information, DPU in digital signal processing module all sends and triggers TRIG signal to signal generator, and record TRIG signal significant instant, signal generator produces calibrating signal after receiving TRIG signal, calibrating signal is successively input to the first to N road receive path via calibration tool, via the duplexer in transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module, LNA and receive path, and the ADC in digital signal processing module, RX RAM module collection in digital signal processing module the amplitude of storing the first to N road receive path, phase information.
Further, the method also comprises:
If digital signal processing module to the constant amplitude of each transmitting/receiving passage, etc. verify mutually defectively, again each transmitting/receiving passage is calibrated.
Wherein, described calibrating signal is tone signal or band-limited signal.
The apparatus and method of many transceiver channels of active antenna synchronous calibration provided by the invention, the width of detection calibration frock, differ, and build the calibration environment of corresponding each transmitting/receiving passage between transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module and calibrating installation; Digital signal processing module collection off-line width, the phase information of storing each transmitting/receiving passage; According to the width of calibration tool, differ with width, the phase information of each transmitting/receiving passage of having stored each transmitting/receiving passage carried out to width, compensation mutually; To width, mutually each transmitting/receiving passage after compensation carry out constant amplitude, etc. checking mutually, if verify qualifiedly, carry out transmitting/receiving beam forming.Compared with prior art, off-line calibration method of the present invention makes active antenna system not need additionally to add hardware calibration module, therefore effectively reduces production cost, volume and the power consumption of active antenna system, and then has improved the operating efficiency of active antenna system.
In addition, the realization of calibration tool of the present invention can adopt the Wilkinson type (Wilkinson) of existing 1 minute N or the power splitter of other type to realize, and also can adopt N to select 1 switch arrays to realize, and does not need to carry out loaded down with trivial details structural design, and implementation method is simple.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the internal structure schematic diagram of active antenna of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of off-line calibration device of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the environmental structure structure chart of transmission channel off-line calibration of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the synchronous calibration method realization flow schematic diagram of active antenna multi-emitting passage of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the structure chart of environmental structure one embodiment of receive path off-line calibration of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the synchronous calibration method realization flow schematic diagram of the many receive paths of active antenna of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the structure chart of another embodiment of environmental structure of receive path off-line calibration of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention adopts the method for calibration tool off-line calibration, before the normal work of active antenna, realize collection, storage, calibration and the compensation of each transceiver channel amplitude and phase information, afterwards in conjunction with width, the phase behaviour of antenna feeder network and antenna element, obtain required width, phase correction factor, thereby realize the beam forming of transceiver channel.
Basic thought of the present invention is: the width of detection calibration frock, differ, build the calibration environment of corresponding each transmitting/receiving passage between transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module and calibrating installation;
Digital signal processing module collection off-line width, the phase information of storing each transmitting/receiving passage; According to the width of calibration tool, differ with width, the phase information of each transmitting/receiving passage of having stored each transmitting/receiving passage carried out to width, compensation mutually; To width, mutually each transmitting/receiving passage after compensation carry out constant amplitude, etc. checking mutually, if verify qualifiedly, carry out transmitting/receiving beam forming.
Further, if verify defectively, again each transmitting/receiving passage is calibrated.
Below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
The device of many transceiver channels of active antenna synchronous calibration of the present invention, comprising: the digital signal processing module in active antenna, transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module and external calibration equipment; Wherein,
Described calibrating installation comprises calibration tool and signal generator, for being connected with transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module, is built into the calibration environment of each transmitting/receiving passage; Wherein, the width of described calibration tool, differ determined before each transceiver channel is calibrated;
Described digital signal processing module, for gathering and store off-line width, the phase information of each transmitting/receiving passage; According to the width of calibration tool, differ with width, the phase information of each transmitting/receiving passage of having stored each transmitting/receiving passage carried out to width, compensation mutually, and to width, mutually compensation after each transmitting/receiving passage carry out constant amplitude, etc. mutually checking, determine when checking is qualified, carry out transmitting/receiving beam forming;
Described transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module, during for off-line transmitting/receiving calibrate, the calibrating signal transmission channel between digital signal processing module and calibration tool; Be connected with calibrating installation, be built into the calibration environment of each transmitting/receiving passage.
Described digital signal processing module, be further used for constant amplitude, etc. verify mutually when defective, again each transmitting/receiving passage is calibrated.
Fig. 1 is the internal structure schematic diagram of active antenna of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, comprising: antenna element array 14, antenna feeder network 13, transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module 12 and digital signal processing module 11; Wherein, structure and the function of described antenna element array 14 and antenna feeder network 13 are same as the prior art, below it are simply described:
Described antenna element array 14, antenna element forms, and for the conversion of electromagnetic wave signal and radiofrequency signal, completes the front end to external radiation and reception signal transmitting and receives;
Described antenna feeder network 13, for being connected of every road transceiver channel and a plurality of antenna element, and part amplitude, phase weighting are provided to each antenna element, concrete, the individual antenna element of the corresponding K (K >=1) of each transceiver channel of transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module 12, when K > 1, antenna feeder network 13 provides amplitude, the phase weighting of partial fixing to each antenna element.Antenna feeder network 13 can adopt the power splitter of Wilkinson type (Wilkinson) or other type to realize, it can become separately module in physics realization, also can integrate with antenna array subarray, antenna feeder network and antenna element array meet the fixing amplitude of each passage, phase weighting requirement in structure and technique.
Function and the prior art of described transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module 12 and digital signal processing module 11 are different, wherein,
Described transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module 12, is comprised of multichannel transmission channel, multipath reception passage He Yi road feedback path; Wherein, the intermediate-freuqncy signal that described transmission channel provides digital signal processing module 11 upconverts to radiofrequency signal, by power amplifier (PA), amplifies, and offers antenna feeder network 13 and antenna element array 14; Described receive path receives the RF small signals that antenna feeder network 13 receives from antenna element array 14, by LNA (LNA), amplifies, and is converted into intermediate-freuqncy signal offers digital signal processing module 11 through down-conversion; A described road feedback path possesses two functions: 1, as digital pre-distortion (DPD) feedback path, pass through on-off controller, select each transmission channel coupler, from multichannel transmitting PA output coupling coherent signal, offer digital signal processing module and do DPD pre-distortion, to optimize the neighboring trace of transmitting chain, reveal rejection ratio; 2. as calibrated channel, realize transmitting, receive amplitude, the phase alignment of each passage, to should function, in module, have newly increased PRXCAL port, as shown in Figure 1.Except second function of above-mentioned feedback path, other function of transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module 12 is all same as the prior art.
Described digital signal processing module 11, when up, the IQ analog receiving signal analog-to-digital conversion that down-conversion is obtained is that IQ digital received signal carries out digital processing; When descending, the serial/parallel IQ of the being converted to digitally transmitted signals of signal that base band resource pool (BBU) is sent, after digital-to-analogue conversion, offers transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module 12;
In the present invention, digital signal processing module 11, also for when the off-line calibration, for gathering and store each transmitting, the amplitude of receive path, phase value, in conjunction with width, the phase behaviour of antenna feeder network and antenna element, and the width of calibration tool, differ the correction factor that obtains corresponding transmitting, receive path, jointly realize the beam forming of transceiver channel, concrete
When carrying out transmission channel off-line calibration, the inner testing source (TSG) of digital processing element in digital signal processing module (DPU) sends calibrating signal, described calibrating signal can be tone signal, band-limited signal etc., this calibrating signal is issued each way weighted-voltage D/A converter (DAC), each road DAC is given in the synchronous output of clock unit (CLK), guarantees the work clock equiphase of each road DAC; When carrying out receive path off-line calibration, each road analog to digital converter (ADC) output digit signals is given DPU and is processed, and each road ADC is given in the synchronous output of CLK, guarantees the work clock equiphase of each road ADC.
The inner existing transmitting up-converter module of active antenna, reception down conversion module and feedback down-conversion module need local oscillation signal separately, impact transmitting-receiving synchronously being brought in order to eliminate local oscillation signal, the mode that all transmitting up-converter modules and feedback down-conversion module proportion synthesizer output signal merit are divided realizes common local oscillator.In like manner, all reception down conversion module mode that also proportion synthesizer output signal merit is divided realizes common local oscillator.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of off-line calibration device of the present invention, as shown in Figure 2, comprises calibration tool and signal generator; Described calibration tool can be realized with the Wilkinson type (Wilkinson) of 1 minute N or the power splitter of other type, also can adopt N to select 1 switch arrays to realize, or adopt the circuit of similar functions or device to realize, be easier to those skilled in the art realize, no longer describe in detail herein.When calibration tool adopts switch arrays to realize, need on calibration tool, increase ON-OFF control circuit.
Wherein, shown in cable Cable1~CableN select high-precision RF cable, guarantee as far as possible the amplitudes such as every cable, equiphase, certainly, actual while implementing off-line calibration, still need to consider width, the phase error of every cable, namely the width of calibration tool, differ.
Described signal generator does not use when transmission channel off-line calibration, and when receive path off-line calibration, for generation of calibrating signal, this calibrating signal can be tone signal, band-limited signal etc., divides give each road receive path via calibration tool merit; Or, producing calibrating signal after receiving the triggering that DPU sent out (TRIG) signal in digital signal processing module, this calibrating signal is input to each road receive path via calibration tool.
Respectively the synchronous calibration method of active antenna transmission channel of the present invention and receive path is described in detail below.
As shown in Figure 3, that it should be noted that same calibration tool Port1~PortN port is connected is respectively each delivery outlet ANT1~ANTN of transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module to the environmental structure structure chart of transmission channel off-line calibration of the present invention.Antenna feeder network and antenna element array Ge road amplitude, phase characteristic require to guarantee by design and processes, are prior art, and this part width, phase behaviour will jointly complete transmission channel synchronously and beam forming together with off-line calibration.
Fig. 4 is the synchronous calibration method realization flow schematic diagram of active antenna multi-emitting passage of the present invention, and the performing step of this flow process is as follows:
Step 401: the width of detection calibration frock, differ;
Be specially: utilize vector network analyzer or Other Instruments detection calibration frock Port1~PortN port to divide amplitude, the phase difference that is clipped to PortN+1 port, as the environmental error of calibration tool, treat subsequent compensation use.Here, the result of test gained can be stored in outer computer for follow-up.
Step 402: build the calibration environment of each transmission channel, gather and store off-line width, the phase information of each transmission channel;
Be specially: by Fig. 3, build calibration environment, if calibration tool is switch arrays, Port1~PortN port of calibration tool need be connected with the delivery outlet ANT1~ANTN of transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module simultaneously, PortN+1 port is connected with the PRX CAL port of the feedback path of transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module.Selected first via transmission channel, by controlling the switch arrays of calibration tool inside, the Port1 port of calibration tool is connected with PortN+1 port, TSG transmitting calibration signal in the DPU of digital signal processing module inside, this calibrating signal can be tone signal, band-limited signal etc., after being processed by digital signal processing module, transmission channel TX PROCESS in DAC and transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module, the device such as PA and duplexer, by calibration tool, send feedback path to, through feedback path, gather the width of first via transmission channel, phase information, and be stored in the TX RAM module in digital signal processing module DPU.Afterwards, selected the second road transmission channel, makes the Port2 port of calibration tool be connected with PortN+1 port by switching the switch arrays of calibration tool inside, repeats above operation, until store amplitude, the phase information of all transmission channels in TX RAM.
Here, if when calibration tool is power splitter, Port1~PortN port of calibration tool need to be connected with the delivery outlet ANT1~ANTN of transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module simultaneously equally, PortN+1 port is connected with the PRX CAL port of the feedback path of transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module.When different transmission channels being carried out to off-line width, phase information collection, do not need to control calibration tool, do not need to carry out and the similar handover operation of switch arrays.TSG transmitting calibration signal in DPU, after being processed by digital signal processing module, through DAC and transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module Zhong Ge road transmission channel, power amplifier and duplexer, by calibration tool, send feedback path to, through feedback path, gather width, the phase information of each road transmission channel, and be stored in the TX RAM module in digital signal processing module DPU.
Step 403: according to the width of calibration tool, differ with width, the phase information of each transmission channel of having stored each transmission channel is carried out to width, compensation mutually;
Be specially: digital signal processing module is according to width, the phase information of each transmission channel of storing in TX RAM module, first obtain width between each transmission channel, differ, for example: using the amplitude of first via transmission channel and phase value as with reference to value, calculate the difference of other transmission channel Yu Gai road, road transmission channel amplitude and phase place.Afterwards, digital signal processing module in conjunction with the width between each transmission channel, differ with the width of the calibration tool of gained in step 401, differ each transmission channel is carried out to width, compensation mutually, make amplitude, the equiphases such as each transmission channel.
Step 404: to width, mutually each transmission channel after compensation carry out constant amplitude, etc. checking mutually, if verify qualifiedly, perform step 405; Otherwise, return to step 402, recalibrate;
Be specially: repeating step 402, TX RAM again records width, the phase behaviour of each road transmission channel on the basis of step 403, digital signal processing module calculates the poor Δ A1 of maximum, minimum radius between each transmission channel, maximum, minimum phase difference ΔΦ 1, namely calculate the amplitude difference DELTA A1 between the minimum and maximum two-way transmission channel of range value, the phase difference value ΔΦ 1 between the minimum and maximum two-way transmission channel of phase value.If Δ A1 < Δ At, ΔΦ 1 < ΔΦ t, it is qualified to show to verify, completes calibration, otherwise, recalibrate.
Wherein, described Δ At, ΔΦ t are the existing transmitting calibration error desired value of having set; Because each calibration environment is slightly different, so calibration result is slightly different, but can difference too not large, if calibration result is twice or thrice all defective, show that corresponding active antenna is unavailable.
Step 405: transmit beam-forming;
Be specially: in conjunction with the antenna feeder network of each transmission channel and fixedly width, the phase behaviour of antenna element, digital signal processing module is done further amplitude, phase compensation on the basis of step 403 acquired results, obtain required width, phase correction factor, jointly realize transmit beam-forming.This step is prior art, no longer describes in detail.
The calibration tool of take respectively is below described the synchronous calibration method of receive path as power splitter and two kinds of different implementations of switch arrays.
When described calibration tool is power splitter, the environmental structure structure chart of receive path off-line calibration of the present invention as shown in Figure 5, that with calibration tool Port1~PortN port, be connected is respectively each delivery outlet ANT1~ANTN of transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module, and the PortN+1 port of calibration tool is connected with signal generator.Antenna feeder network and antenna element array Ge road amplitude, phase characteristic require to guarantee by design and processes, are prior art, and this part width, phase behaviour will jointly complete receive path synchronously and beam forming together with off-line calibration.
Fig. 6 is the synchronous calibration method realization flow schematic diagram of the many receive paths of active antenna of the present invention, and the performing step of this flow process is as follows:
Step 601: the width of detection calibration frock, differ;
Be specially: utilize vector network analyzer or Other Instruments detection calibration frock PortN+1 port to divide amplitude, the phase difference that is clipped to Port1~PortN port, as the environmental error of calibration tool, treat subsequent compensation use.Here, the result of test gained can be stored in outer computer for follow-up.
Step 602: build the calibration environment of each receive path, gather and store off-line width, the phase information of each receive path;
Be specially: by Fig. 5, build calibration environment, utilize signal generator to produce calibrating signal, this calibrating signal can be tone signal, band-limited signal etc., via calibration tool merit, divides and gives each road receive path.Calibrating signal Mei road receives via duplexer, LNA (LNA) and receive path RXPROCESS in transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module, and the devices such as ADC in digital signal processing module, the RXRAM module collection in digital signal processing module DPU amplitude, the phase information of storing each road receive path.
Step 603: according to the width of calibration tool, differ with width, the phase information of each receive path of having stored each receive path is carried out to width, compensation mutually;
Be specially: digital signal processing module is according to width, the phase information of each receive path of storing in RX RAM module, first obtain width between each receive path, differ, for example: using the amplitude of first via receive path and phase value as with reference to value, calculate the difference of other receive path Yu Gai road, road receive path amplitude and phase place.Afterwards, digital signal processing module in conjunction with the width between each receive path, differ with the width of the calibration tool of gained in step 601, differ each receive path is carried out to width, compensation mutually, make amplitude, the equiphases such as each receive path.
Step 604: to width, mutually each receive path after compensation carry out constant amplitude, etc. checking mutually, if verify qualifiedly, perform step 605; Otherwise, return to step 602, recalibrate;
Be specially: repeating step 602, RX RAM records width, the phase behaviour of each road receive path again, digital signal processing module calculates the poor Δ A2 of maximum, minimum radius between each receive path, maximum, minimum phase difference ΔΦ 2, namely calculate the amplitude difference DELTA A2 between the minimum and maximum two-way receive path of range value, the phase difference value ΔΦ 2 between the minimum and maximum two-way receive path of phase value.If Δ A2 < Δ Ar, ΔΦ 2 < ΔΦ r, it is qualified to show to verify, completes calibration, starts to perform step 605; Otherwise, recalibrate.
Wherein, described Δ Ar, ΔΦ r are the existing reception calibration error desired value of having set.
Step 605: received beam is shaped;
Be specially: in conjunction with the antenna feeder network of each receive path and fixedly width, the phase behaviour of antenna element, digital signal processing module is done further amplitude, phase compensation on the basis of step 603 acquired results, obtain required width, phase correction factor, make amplitude, the equiphases such as each receive path, jointly realize received beam and be shaped.This step is prior art, no longer describes in detail.
When calibration tool is switch arrays, the environmental structure structure chart of receive path off-line calibration of the present invention as shown in Figure 7, with the difference of Fig. 5 be that digital signal processing module and signal generator exist annexation, for digital signal processing module, to signal generator, send to trigger (TRIG) signal.Calibration environment shown in corresponding diagram 7, the synchronous calibration method realization flow of the many receive paths of active antenna of the present invention is identical with flow process shown in Fig. 6, just the concrete methods of realizing of flow process 602 correspondences is different, so, environmental structure structure chart shown in corresponding diagram 7, described collection off-line width, the phase information of storing each receive path, be specially:
Port1~PortN port of calibration tool is connected with the delivery outlet ANT1~ANTN of transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module simultaneously, and PortN+1 port is connected with signal generator.Selected first via receive path, by controlling the switch arrays of calibration tool inside, the Port1 port of calibration tool is connected with PortN+1 port, DPU in digital signal processing module sends TRIG signal to signal generator, and record TRIG signal significant instant, signal generator produces calibrating signal after receiving TRIG signal, this calibrating signal can be tone signal, band-limited signal etc., calibrating signal is input to first via receive path via calibration tool, via the duplexer in transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module, LNA and receive path RX PROCESS, and the devices such as ADC in digital signal processing module, RX RAM module collection in digital signal processing module the amplitude of storing first via receive path, phase information.According to identical method, by switching the switch arrays of calibration tool inside, the Port2 port of calibration tool is connected with PortN+1 port, gather as stated above and store amplitude, the phase information of the second road receive path, until the width of all receive paths, phase information all gathers and store complete.
The above, be only preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a device for many transceiver channels of active antenna synchronous calibration, is characterized in that, this device comprises: the digital signal processing module in active antenna, transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module and external calibration equipment; Wherein,
Described calibrating installation comprises calibration tool and signal generator, for being connected with transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module, is built into the calibration environment of each transmitting/receiving passage; Wherein, the width of described calibration tool, differ determined before each transceiver channel is calibrated;
Described digital signal processing module, for gathering and store off-line width, the phase information of each transmitting/receiving passage; According to the width of calibration tool, differ with width, the phase information of each transmitting/receiving passage of having stored each transmitting/receiving passage carried out to width, compensation mutually, and to width, mutually compensation after each transmitting/receiving passage carry out constant amplitude, etc. mutually checking, determine when checking is qualified, carry out transmitting/receiving beam forming;
Described transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module, during for off-line transmitting/receiving calibrate, the calibrating signal transmission channel between digital signal processing module and calibration tool; Be connected with calibrating installation, be built into the calibration environment of each transmitting/receiving passage;
Described calibration tool is: 1 power splitter or the N that is divided into N selects 1 switch arrays;
Described calibration tool is switch arrays, and when each transmission channel is calibrated, the described calibration environment of building, be specially: simultaneously corresponding being connected of delivery outlet ANT1~ANTN with transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module by Port1~PortN port of calibration tool, PortN+1 port is connected with the PRX CAL port of the feedback path of transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module;
Described calibration tool is power splitter, and when each transmission channel is calibrated, the described calibration environment of building, be specially: Port1~PortN port of calibration tool is corresponding connected with the delivery outlet ANT1~ANTN of transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module, PortN+1 port is connected with the PRX CAL port of the feedback path of transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module;
Described calibration tool is power splitter, and when each receive path is calibrated, the described calibration environment of building, is specially: calibration tool Port1~PortN port is connected with each delivery outlet ANT1~ANTN of transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module respectively, and the PortN+1 port of calibration tool is connected with signal generator;
Described calibration tool is switch arrays, and when each receive path is calibrated, the described calibration environment of building, is specially: Port1~PortN port of calibration tool is connected with the delivery outlet ANT1~ANTN of transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module respectively, PortN+1 port is connected with signal generator simultaneously.
2. the device of many transceiver channels of active antenna synchronous calibration according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described digital signal processing module, be further used for constant amplitude, etc. verify mutually when defective, again each transmitting/receiving passage is calibrated.
3. a method for many transceiver channels of active antenna synchronous calibration, is characterized in that, the method comprises:
The width of detection calibration frock, differ, build the calibration environment of corresponding each transmitting/receiving passage between transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module and calibrating installation;
Described calibration tool is: 1 power splitter or the N that is divided into N selects 1 switch arrays;
Described calibration tool is switch arrays, and when each transmission channel is calibrated, the described calibration environment of building, be specially: simultaneously corresponding being connected of delivery outlet ANT1~ANTN with transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module by Port1~PortN port of calibration tool, PortN+1 port is connected with the PRX CAL port of the feedback path of transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module;
Described calibration tool is power splitter, and when each transmission channel is calibrated, the described calibration environment of building, be specially: Port1~PortN port of calibration tool is corresponding connected with the delivery outlet ANT1~ANTN of transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module, PortN+1 port is connected with the PRX CAL port of the feedback path of transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module;
Described calibration tool is power splitter, and when each receive path is calibrated, the described calibration environment of building, is specially: calibration tool Port1~PortN port is connected with each delivery outlet ANT1~ANTN of transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module respectively, and the PortN+1 port of calibration tool is connected with signal generator;
Described calibration tool is switch arrays, and when each receive path is calibrated, the described calibration environment of building, is specially: Port1~PortN port of calibration tool is connected with the delivery outlet ANT1~ANTN of transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module respectively, PortN+1 port is connected with signal generator simultaneously;
Digital signal processing module collection off-line width, the phase information of storing each transmitting/receiving passage; According to the width of calibration tool, differ with width, the phase information of each transmitting/receiving passage of having stored each transmitting/receiving passage carried out to width, compensation mutually; To width, mutually each transmitting/receiving passage after compensation carry out constant amplitude, etc. checking mutually, if verify qualifiedly, carry out transmitting/receiving beam forming.
4. the method for many transceiver channels of active antenna synchronous calibration according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described calibration tool is switch arrays, and when each transmission channel is calibrated, described collection off-line width, the phase information of storing each passage, be specially:
By diverter switch array, the PortN+1 port of calibration tool is successively connected with Port1~PortN port respectively, gather the width of each road transmission channel, during phase information, the equal transmitting calibration signal of testing source TSG in digital processing element DPU in digital signal processing module, after being processed by digital signal processing module, through digital to analog converter DAC and transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module Zhong Ge road transmission channel, power amplifier and duplexer, by calibration tool, send feedback path to, through feedback path, gather the width of the first to N road transmission channel, phase information, and be stored in the TX RAM module in digital signal processing module DPU.
5. the method for many transceiver channels of active antenna synchronous calibration according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described calibration tool is power splitter, and when each transmission channel is calibrated, described collection off-line width, the phase information of storing each passage, be specially:
TSG transmitting calibration signal in DPU, after being processed by digital signal processing module, through DAC and transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module Zhong Ge road transmission channel, power amplifier and duplexer, by calibration tool, send feedback path to, through feedback path, gather width, the phase information of each road transmission channel, and be stored in the TX RAM module in digital signal processing module DPU.
6. the method for many transceiver channels of active antenna synchronous calibration according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described calibration tool is power splitter, and when each receive path is calibrated, described collection off-line width, the phase information of storing each passage, be specially:
Signal generator produces calibrating signal, via calibration tool merit, divide and give each road receive path, calibrating signal Ge road receives via duplexer, LNA LNA and receive path in transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module, and the analog to digital converter ADC in digital signal processing module, the RX RAM module collection in digital signal processing module DPU amplitude, the phase information of storing each road receive path.
7. the method for many transceiver channels of active antenna synchronous calibration according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described calibration tool is switch arrays, and when each receive path is calibrated, described collection off-line width, the phase information of storing each passage, be specially:
By diverter switch array, the PortN+1 port of calibration tool is successively connected with Port1~PortN port respectively, gather the width of each road receive path, during phase information, DPU in digital signal processing module all sends and triggers TRIG signal to signal generator, and record TRIG signal significant instant, signal generator produces calibrating signal after receiving TRIG signal, calibrating signal is successively input to the first to N road receive path via calibration tool, via the duplexer in transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module, LNA and receive path, and the ADC in digital signal processing module, RX RAM module collection in digital signal processing module the amplitude of storing the first to N road receive path, phase information.
8. according to the method for many transceiver channels of the active antenna synchronous calibration described in claim 3 to 7 any one, it is characterized in that, the method also comprises:
If digital signal processing module to the constant amplitude of each transmitting/receiving passage, etc. verify mutually defectively, again each transmitting/receiving passage is calibrated.
9. according to the method for many transceiver channels of the active antenna synchronous calibration described in claim 4,5,6 or 7, it is characterized in that, described calibrating signal is tone signal or band-limited signal.
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