CN105024143B - A kind of chip Ka frequency ranges large-angle scanning satellite communication antena - Google Patents
A kind of chip Ka frequency ranges large-angle scanning satellite communication antena Download PDFInfo
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- CN105024143B CN105024143B CN201510477927.9A CN201510477927A CN105024143B CN 105024143 B CN105024143 B CN 105024143B CN 201510477927 A CN201510477927 A CN 201510477927A CN 105024143 B CN105024143 B CN 105024143B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of chip Ka frequency ranges large-angle scanning satellite communication antenas, it is separately connected corrective network layer and radio circuit layer including radiating layer, corrective network layer is separately connected radiating layer and wave control network layer, radio circuit layer is connected with radiating layer, and ring control layer is set between radio circuit layer and power distribution layer；Power distribution layer is connected with radio circuit layer, and the layering of radiofrequency signal work(is connected with radio circuit layer, and wave control network layer is separately connected radio circuit layer and corrective network layer.The present invention is using chip active phase array antenna structure, efficient distributed feed dimensional energy synthesis, and high density Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuit Technology, and make full use of the available resource of system and large-scale production technology, improve level of integrated system and utilization rate, the height and volume of antenna system are reduced to the maximum extent, weight simultaneously reduces manufacturing cost, meets the requirement produced in enormous quantities and debugged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mobile satellite communication technology more particularly to a kind of chip Ka frequency ranges large-angle scanning satellites
Communication antenna.
Background technology
Mobile service satellite communication refers to the business that naval vessel, aircraft, guided missile, vehicle etc. are communicated using satellite, including
Between naval vessel, between aircraft or their communications between fixed station.The development of Inspector satellite technology and microwave technology, satellite
Mobile communication system terminal miniaturization, lightness have become possibility, and wherein terminal applies relate generally to antenna and radio-frequency module is small
Type technology and antenna and radio circuit integrated technique.
Antenna is all essential component of any radio system, undertakes transmitting and the receive capabilities of electromagnetic wave, does not have
It cannot achieve any wireless communication function, while the problems such as in view of efficiency, and antenna is preferably placed outside carrier surface or passes through
Wave transparent window is communicated with the external world.And for some small-sized or maneuverability carriers, such as fighter plane, guided missile, unmanned plane, small-sized aviation
Device etc., these carriers need antenna size it is small, it is light-weight, preferably with the conformal particularity for having met its own of carrier.At present
For the antenna of the mobile service satellite communication application of mainstream based on reflecting surface, such antenna electric performance is excellent, at low cost in the market
And it is widely used in the places such as carrier-borne, vehicle-mounted, earth station, and its maximum disadvantage is exactly section height so that it can not adapt to small-sized
The carrier of maneuverability.
From the aspect of platform flexibility, the antenna applied on the flexible carrier of equipment of small motor at present is intended to low
Section or active phased array direction without section are developed, and such antenna not only and can also have with platform integrated design
Wave beam agile, it is light-weight, small the advantages that, and as the development of microwave integrated circuit technology and multilager base plate connect up skill
Antenna radiation unit and feeding network and rear end radio circuit are carried out stack design, form slice structure by the development of art
High Density Integration active antenna system is possibly realized.With low-frequency range communication system frequency resource growing tension and multimedia
And the demand of broadband services is more and more stronger, warp-wise K and the development of EHF frequency ranges of various countries' satellite communications services.
Due to platform features such as fighter plane, guided missiles, it is desirable that satellite communication antena system weight, volume, power consumption, the height of load
Degree it is more lower better, and such platform can install additional satellite communication system position it is limited.It is flat that research is suitable for fighter plane, guided missile etc.
Platform and meet the piece type antenna system of the requirements such as large-angle scanning covering, high-gain of can leaning on completely, how to realize broadband, efficient micro-
Band laminated antenna structure, and interior realization high density microwave Single-Chip Integration in a limited space, the electromagnetic compatibility of antenna system
Problem is critical issue and Practical Project realization that chip Ka frequency range large-angle scanning satellite communication antena systems are realized
Bottleneck.
Invention content
It is logical that it is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of chip Ka frequency ranges large-angle scanning satellites
Believe antenna, the highly integrated of antenna is realized by the slice structure of antenna.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, and the present invention includes the radiating layer from top to bottom set gradually, school
Positive network layer, radio circuit layer, ring control layer, power distribution layer, the layering of radiofrequency signal work(and wave control network layer；
The radiating layer is separately connected corrective network layer and radio circuit layer, for by the radiofrequency signal of radio circuit layer to
Space radiation；
The corrective network layer is separately connected radiating layer and wave control network layer, for by the radiation signal of radiating layer, passing through
Wave control network layer, which is passed to, after network synthesis carries out phased array correction；
The radio circuit layer is connected with radiating layer, and the radiofrequency signal for radiofrequency signal work(to be layered carries out phase shift, declines
Subtract, amplify after pass to radiating layer to space radiation synthesize wave beam；
The ring control layer is set between radio circuit layer and power distribution layer；
The power distribution layer is connected with radio circuit layer, is penetrated for exterior power supply to be distributed to each of radio circuit layer
Frequency channel；
The radiofrequency signal work(layering is connected with radio circuit layer, and the signal for that will emit carries out power distribution to radio frequency
Each radio-frequency channel of circuit layer；
The wave control network layer is separately connected radio circuit layer and corrective network layer, for being penetrated to each of radio circuit layer
Frequency channel signal control, signal amplitude phase change and to correction signal processing.
The radiating layer includes 8 × 8 64 array elements structured the formation, and each array element is the single layer notch of single-point feedback
Microband paste etches, and two probes for receiving correction signal are arranged on each array element.
In 64 array elements of the radiating layer, adjacent 4 are divided into one group, every group of 4 array elements successively into
It arranges after 90 ° of rotations of row.
Separation layer is arranged in the outer layer of one of preferred embodiment as the present invention, the radiating layer.
The corrective network layer includes 64 correction array elements, and each array element that corrects passes through two corresponding radiation of microstrip line connection
The probe of array element on layer, each two microstrip lines for correcting array element are merged into all the way, and adjacent two-way is remerged into all the way,
64 correction array elements, which successively merge, eventually forms signal output all the way.
The radio circuit layer includes 64 identical array element radio-frequency channels, and each array element radio-frequency channel includes being sequentially connected
Decaying phase shift chip, power amplifier and isolator, input radio frequency signal after overdamping phase shift, amplification be transmitted further to radiation
Layer.
The ring control layer includes capillary cooling water channel and heat dissipation cold plate, and a plurality of horizontal groove shape is opened up on the heat dissipation cold plate
At capillary cooling water channel, one end of a plurality of capillary cooling water channel is joined together to form cold water inlet, and the other end is connected to
Hot water outlet is formed together.
The power distribution layer includes 64 power supply array elements and 4 power connectors, and each power connector connects 16
Power supply array element, 4 power connectors are separately connected externally fed equipment.
The radiofrequency signal work(layering includes 64 work(point array elements and 1 radio frequency connector, and each work(divides array element to use phase
Same line powering, radio frequency connector are separately connected each work(point array element.
The wave control network layer includes carrying fpga chip, interface circuit, the correction signal conversion circuit of CPU, described to connect
Mouthful circuit is separately connected radio circuit layer, external low frequency interface and correction signal conversion circuit, fpga chip connecting interface circuit,
The correction signal conversion circuit connects corrective network layer；
The fpga chip exports control signal to radio circuit layer and completes calculating and the phase shifter of wave beam phase shift code
Correction；
The defeated correction signal of corrective network is converted to after L frequency ranges and carries out A/D conversions simultaneously by the correction signal conversion circuit
It is stored in fpga chip.
The present invention has the following advantages compared with prior art：The present invention using chip active phase array antenna structure, efficiently
Distributed feed dimensional energy synthesis and high density Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuit Technology, and make full use of system that can provide
Resource and large-scale production technology, improve level of integrated system and utilization rate, reduce to the maximum extent antenna system height and
Volume, weight simultaneously reduce manufacturing cost, meet the requirement produced in enormous quantities and debugged, the day of the communication system as satellite application
Line coordinates mobility strongs, the pneumatic property such as achievable fighter plane, guided missile, unmanned plane to require the big dynamic of high platform by each system
Bidirectional high-efficiency broadband connections under state is realized to the over the horizon observing and controlling of above-mentioned platform and communication requirement.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the antenna system functional block diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is inventive antenna schematic diagram of a layer structure；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of radiating layer；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of corrective network layer；
Fig. 5 is single array element radio-frequency channel schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of ring control layer；
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of power distribution layer；
Fig. 8 is the structural schematic diagram of radiofrequency signal power division network layer；
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of wave control network layer.
Specific implementation mode
It elaborates below to the embodiment of the present invention, the present embodiment is carried out lower based on the technical solution of the present invention
Implement, gives detailed embodiment and specific operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following implementation
Example.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the present embodiment includes the radiating layer 1, corrective network layer 2, radio frequency from top to bottom set gradually
Circuit layer 3, ring control layer 4, power distribution layer 5, radiofrequency signal work(layering 6 and wave control network layer 7；
The radiating layer 1 is separately connected corrective network layer 2 and radio circuit layer 3, for believing the radio frequency of radio circuit layer 3
Number to space radiation；
The corrective network layer 2 is separately connected radiating layer 1 and wave control network layer 7, is used for the radiation signal of radiating layer 1,
Wave control network layer 7 is passed to after being synthesized by network carries out phased array correction；
The radio circuit layer 3 is connected with radiating layer 1, for by radiofrequency signal work(layering 6 radiofrequency signal carry out phase shift,
Radiating layer 1, which is passed to, after decaying, amplification synthesizes wave beam to space radiation；
The ring control layer 4 is set between radio circuit layer 3 and power distribution layer 5；
The power distribution layer 5 is connected with radio circuit layer 3, for exterior power supply to be distributed to each of radio circuit layer 3
A radio-frequency channel；
The radiofrequency signal work(layering 6 is connected with radio circuit layer 3, for being penetrated the signal progress power distribution of transmitting
Each radio-frequency channel of frequency circuit layer 3；
The wave control network layer 7 is separately connected radio circuit layer 3 and corrective network layer 2, for each of radio circuit layer 3
A radio-frequency channel signal control, signal amplitude phase change and to correction signal processing.
As shown in figure 3, the radiating layer 1 of the present embodiment includes 8 × 8 64 array elements structured the formation, the size of radiating layer 1 is
50mm × 50mm, each array element are that the single layer notch microband paste of single-point feedback etches, and are set on each array element
Set two probes for receiving correction signal.
In order to improve the axis of antenna system than performance, 64 array elements of radiating layer 1, adjacent 4 are divided into one group, often
4 array elements of group are arranged after carrying out 90 ° of rotations successively.
Each array element is the single layer notch microband paste of single-point feedback, and this unit form is to realize circular polarisation most
Plain mode can only be realized with one layer of dieelctric sheet by etching and processing.Two probes on each array element are main
Correction signal is received, auxiliary realizes the function of correction, and the position of specific probe is emulated by unit to be determined；Array element passes through logical
Hole is connected with corrective network layer 2 and radio circuit layer 3, and radiating layer 1 is in outermost layer in the structure of module, and is based on electromagnetism
The considerations such as compatible and isolation need that separation layer is arranged in radiation front outer layer, and separation layer belongs to a part for radiating layer.
In view of antenna needs are conformal with platform, radiating layer 1 uses patch form, and antenna system is needed into line width angle
The covering of wave beam spatial domain is realized in scanning, therefore uses fixed array element spacing, and cell spacing is determined according to scanning angle simulation analysis,
Signal is gone out by each array element to space radiation, the wave beam in direction required for synthesizing.
As shown in figure 4, correction signal is mainly combined output by corrective network layer 2, coupled system realizes phased array
Correction, is the essential part of phased array antenna system.
Corrective network layer 2 includes 64 correction array elements, and each array element that corrects connects corresponding radiating layer 1 by two microstrip lines
The probe of upper array element, each two microstrip lines for correcting array element are merged into all the way, and adjacent two-way is remerged into all the way, and 64
A correction array element, which successively merges, eventually forms signal output all the way.
Corrective network layer 2 coordinates the correction of the correcting probe realization active phased array of radiating layer 1, in order to avoid to radiating layer
The influence of 1 performance and the intensity for meeting correction signal, it is each correct array element there are two probe, corresponding corrective network layer 2 has two
Microstrip line transmits signal, and then two microstrip lines, which are merged into a road and form correction signal all the way, exports, probe location and
The length of microstrip line passes through design of Simulation, it is ensured that the path of each probe to correction signal receiver is identical, i.e., each probe
Signal to correction receiver decaying having the same.
As shown in figure 5, the function of radio circuit layer 3 be the radiofrequency signal of transmitting is amplified, amplitude fading and phase
Position change etc. realizes that the analog beam of phased array antenna system synthesizes required each channel width and is mutually worth, and the module is using small-sized
Radio-frequency multi-functional chip realizes that the width in 64 road signals of small space Zhong Dui is mutually modulated, and Beam synthesis is completed.
Radio circuit layer 3 includes 64 identical array element radio-frequency channels, and each array element radio-frequency channel includes sequentially connected
Decaying phase shift chip, power amplifier and isolator, for input radio frequency signal after overdamping phase shift, amplification is transmitted further to radiating layer
1。
Decaying phase shift chip mainly completes the decaying of signal amplitude and the change of phase, and power amplifier puts signal
Greatly, transmission channel independent control is realized with multiplex control by switch, is used for the correction of antenna system.
As shown in fig. 6, since radio circuit will produce amount of heat, then big heat can cause to penetrate in narrow space
Frequency circuit is burnt, therefore ring control layer 4 is that slice structure is essential, and is placed close to radio layer, and it is logical to play cooled RF
Road will act on derived from system thermal.
Ring control layer 4 includes capillary cooling water channel 41 and heat dissipation cold plate 42, and it is recessed to open up a plurality of level on the heat dissipation cold plate 42
Slot forms capillary cooling water channel 41, and one end of a plurality of capillary cooling water channel 41 is joined together to form cold water inlet 43, separately
One end is joined together to form hot water outlet 44.
The water of ring control enters from cold water inlet 43, and hot water outlet is arrived by the capillary cooling water channel 41 on heat dissipation cold plate 42
44, input is cold water, and outflow is hot water, and the heat that system generates is taken away, and realizes system circulation cooling.
As shown in fig. 7, power distribution layer 5 includes 64 power supply array elements and 4 power connectors, each power connector connects
16 power supply array elements are connect, 4 power connectors are separately connected externally fed equipment.
Power distribution layer 5 is mainly that the power amplifier, decaying phase shift chip and other chips of radio circuit layer 3 supply
Electricity, since 64 work(divide the electric current needed for array element excessive, which is connected using 4 connectors with externally fed equipment, often
The electricity of a connector output is responsible for 16 work(and divides array element, while the heat away that power supply is generated, and is conducive to the ring control of system.
As shown in figure 8, radiofrequency signal work(layering 6 divides array element and 1 radio frequency connector, each work(to divide array element including 64 work(
It is powered using same line, radio frequency connector is separately connected each work(point array element.
The radiofrequency signal of input progress power distribution is mainly divided the radio frequency electrical of array element by radiofrequency signal work(layering 6 to 64 work(
Road, each work(divide array element to use identical line powering, ensure that same input signal is assigned to 64 work(point array elements with identical
Loss and phase, it is ensured that the consistency in each channel, at the same radiofrequency signal work(be layered 6 need radio frequency connector with it is extraneous
It is connected, avoids the problem of a large amount of connectors can not be placed in the confined space.
As shown in figure 9, wave control network layer 7 includes fpga chip, interface circuit, correction signal conversion circuit with CPU,
The interface circuit is separately connected radio circuit layer 3, external low frequency interface, correction signal conversion circuit, and fpga chip connects
Mouth circuit, the correction signal conversion circuit connection corrective network layer 2；Fpga chip exports control signal to radio circuit layer 3
And complete the correction of the calculating and phase shifter of wave beam phase shift code；Correction signal conversion circuit becomes the defeated correction signal of corrective network
A/D conversions are carried out after frequency to L frequency ranges and are stored in fpga chip.
The major function of wave control network layer 7 all there are three, one, to each channel radio frequency module realize switch control；Two, basis
The width that the antenna bearingt that receives, pitching angle information calculate each radio-frequency channel is mutually worth, and combines phased array antenna each logical
Then the amplitude attenuation value in each channel and phase shift value are converted into the code value of numerical control phase shift attenuation network, and needle by the corrected value in road
Stamp is carried out to each channel；Three, the calibration function with phased array.
Wave control network layer 7 is communicated with the outside by a low-frequency connector, which mainly transmits control signal sum number
It is believed that number and wave control network power supply.
It can be known by Fig. 2, entire antenna structure includes three classes connector, respectively 1 low frequency interface 8, for connecting wave
Control the low-frequency connector of network layer 7；1 radio frequency interface 9, the radio frequency connector for connecting radiofrequency signal work(layering 6；2 water
Paths 10, respectively water route are output and input, and are used for the waterway connector of connection ring control layer 4.
Above-mentioned 7 layers of structure (also serves as screen by the highly reliable perpendicular interconnection connector of small-sized antivibration, through-hole and reinforcing support element
Cover mechanism) realize signal interconnection between different layers, then it is laminated into an entire antenna system of overall structure.
Chip Ka frequency ranges large-angle scanning satellite communication antena produced by the present invention is suitable for the satellite communication of Ka frequency ranges, fits
Close carrier to demanding terminal without section can conformal design the case where, can reach following technical indicator：
Working frequency：Ka；Submatrix unit：8*8 active cells；Polarization mode：Circular polarisation；Scanning range：Meet 60 ° of cone angles
Scanning range；Antenna thickness：Less than 40mm；Module EIRP：30dBW.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
All any modification, equivalent and improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention made by within refreshing and principle.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of chip Ka frequency ranges large-angle scanning satellite communication antena, which is characterized in that including the spoke from top to bottom set gradually
Penetrate layer, corrective network layer, radio circuit layer, ring control layer, power distribution layer, the layering of radiofrequency signal work(and wave control network layer；
The radiating layer is separately connected corrective network layer and radio circuit layer, for by the radiofrequency signal of radio circuit layer to space
Radiation；
The corrective network layer is separately connected radiating layer and wave control network layer, for by the radiation signal of radiating layer, passing through network
Wave control network layer is passed to after synthesis carries out phased array correction；
The radio circuit layer is connected with radiating layer, and the radiofrequency signal for radiofrequency signal work(to be layered carries out phase shift, decays, puts
Radiating layer is passed to after big synthesizes wave beam to space radiation；
The ring control layer is set between radio circuit layer and power distribution layer；
The power distribution layer is connected with radio circuit layer, and each radio frequency for exterior power supply to be distributed to radio circuit layer leads to
Road；
The radiofrequency signal work(layering is connected with radio circuit layer, and the signal for that will emit carries out power distribution to radio circuit
Each radio-frequency channel of layer；
The wave control network layer is separately connected radio circuit layer and corrective network layer, logical for each radio frequency to radio circuit layer
Road signal control, signal amplitude phase change and to correction signal processing；The corrective network layer includes 64 corrections
Array element, each array element that corrects each correct array element by the probe of array element on two corresponding radiating layers of microstrip line connection
Two microstrip lines are merged into all the way, and adjacent two-way is remerged into all the way, and 64 correction array elements are successively merged and eventually formed all the way
Signal exports；The radiating layer includes 8 × 8 64 array elements structured the formation, and each array element is that the single layer of single-point feedback lacks
Mouth microband paste etches, and two probes for receiving correction signal are arranged on each array element；The radiating layer
In 64 array elements, adjacent 4 are divided into one group, and every group of 4 array elements are arranged after carrying out 90 ° of rotations successively；It is described
Separation layer is arranged in the outer layer of radiating layer.
2. a kind of chip Ka frequency ranges large-angle scanning satellite communication antena according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described to penetrate
Frequency circuit layer includes 64 identical array element radio-frequency channels, and each array element radio-frequency channel includes sequentially connected decaying phase shift core
Piece, power amplifier and isolator, for input radio frequency signal after overdamping phase shift, amplification is transmitted further to radiating layer.
3. a kind of chip Ka frequency ranges large-angle scanning satellite communication antena according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the ring
It includes capillary cooling water channel and heat dissipation cold plate to control layer, and a plurality of horizontal groove is opened up on the heat dissipation cold plate and forms capillary cooling water
The one end in road, a plurality of capillary cooling water channel is joined together to form cold water inlet, and the other end is joined together to form hot water
Outlet.
4. a kind of chip Ka frequency ranges large-angle scanning satellite communication antena according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the electricity
Source distribution layer includes 64 power supply array elements and 4 power connectors, and each power connector connects 16 power supply array elements, 4 electricity
Source connector is separately connected externally fed equipment.
5. a kind of chip Ka frequency ranges large-angle scanning satellite communication antena according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described to penetrate
The layering of frequency signal work(includes 64 work(point array elements and 1 radio frequency connector, and each work(divides array element to power using same line, radio frequency
Connector is separately connected each work(point array element.
6. a kind of chip Ka frequency ranges large-angle scanning satellite communication antena according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the wave
Control network layer includes fpga chip, interface circuit, correction signal conversion circuit with CPU, and the interface circuit is separately connected
Radio circuit layer, external low frequency interface and correction signal conversion circuit, fpga chip connecting interface circuit, the correction signal turn
Change circuit connection corrective network layer；
The fpga chip exports control signal to radio circuit layer and completes the correction of the calculating and phase shifter of wave beam phase shift code；
The defeated correction signal of corrective network is converted to by the correction signal conversion circuit to carry out A/D conversions after L frequency ranges and is stored in
Fpga chip.
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| CN103457015A (en) * | 2013-08-07 | 2013-12-18 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所 | Integrated millimeter wave active phased-array antenna |
| CN104393415A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-03-04 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Low-profile highly-integrated satellite mobile communication phased-array antenna |
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