CN105024143A - Chip-type Ka-frequency band wide-angle scanning satellite communication antenna - Google Patents

Chip-type Ka-frequency band wide-angle scanning satellite communication antenna Download PDF

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CN105024143A
CN105024143A CN201510477927.9A CN201510477927A CN105024143A CN 105024143 A CN105024143 A CN 105024143A CN 201510477927 A CN201510477927 A CN 201510477927A CN 105024143 A CN105024143 A CN 105024143A
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chip
frequency
signal
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CN105024143B (en
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刘金梅
王磊
李景峰
周家喜
刘振华
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CETC 38 Research Institute
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CETC 38 Research Institute
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Abstract

The invention discloses a chip-type Ka-frequency band wide-angle scanning satellite communication antenna which comprises a radiation layer, a correction network layer, a radio-frequency circuit layer, an environmental control layer, a power distribution layer, a radio-frequency signal power division layer and a wave controlled network layer, wherein the radiation layer is connected with the correction network layer and the radio-frequency circuit layer respectively, the correction network layer is connected with the radiation layer and the wave controlled network layer respectively, the radio-frequency circuit layer is connected with the radiation layer, the environmental control layer is arranged between the radio-frequency circuit layer and the power distribution layer, the power distribution layer is connected with the radio-frequency circuit layer, the radio-frequency signal power division layer is connected with the radio-frequency circuit layer, and the wave controlled network layer is connected with the radio-frequency circuit layer and the correction network layer. In the chip-type Ka-frequency band wide-angle scanning satellite communication antenna, a chip-type active phased array antenna structure, high-efficient distributed feed space energy synthesis and a high-density monolithic microwave integrated circuit technique are adopted, and resources provided by the system and scale production technology are fully utilized, thus, system integration degree and utilization rate are improved, the height, the volume and the weight of an antenna system are reduced to the greatest extent, cost is reduced, and the requirements of mass production and debugging are met.

Description

A kind of chip Ka frequency range large-angle scanning satellite communication antena
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mobile satellite communication technology, in particular a kind of chip Ka frequency range large-angle scanning satellite communication antena.
Background technology
Mobile service satellite communication refers to that naval vessel, aircraft, guided missile, vehicle etc. utilize satellite to carry out the business communicated, and comprises the communication between naval vessel, between aircraft or between they and fixed station.The development of Inspector satellite technology and microwave technology, satellite mobile communication system terminal miniaturization, lightness become possibility, and wherein terminal applies relates generally to antenna and radio-frequency module miniaturization technology and antenna and radio circuit integrated technique.
Antenna is all requisite assembly of any radio system, bear electromagnetic launching and receiving function, do not have it cannot realize any radio communication function, consider the problems such as efficiency simultaneously, antenna is preferably placed on carrier surface or is communicated with the external world by wave transparent window.And carrier that is small-sized for some or maneuverability, as fighter plane, guided missile, unmanned plane, small-sized aerial craft etc., these carriers need antenna size little, lightweight, preferably can the particularity that met himself conformal with carrier.The antenna of the mobile service satellite communication application of main flow is based on reflecting surface in the market, this type of antenna electric performance is excellent, cost is low and the places such as it is carrier-borne, vehicle-mounted to be widely used in, ground station, and its maximum shortcoming is exactly that section is high, make to adapt to equipment of small motor carrier flexibly.
From the viewpoint of platform flexibility, the antenna applied on the flexible carrier of equipment of small motor at present trends towards to having low section or the active phased array future development without section, this type of antenna not only can with platform integrated design, and there is the advantages such as wave beam victory becomes, lightweight, volume is little, and along with the development of microwave integrated circuit technology and the development of multilager base plate wiring technique, antenna radiation unit and feeding network and rear end radio circuit are carried out stack design, and the High Density Integration active antenna system forming slice structure becomes possibility.Along with low-frequency range communication system frequency resource growing tension, and the demand of multimedia and broadband services is more and more stronger, and various countries' satellite communications services develops to K and EHF frequency range.
Due to the platform features such as fighter plane, guided missile, the satellite communication antena system weight requiring to load, volume, power consumption, highly more low better, and the position that this type of platform can install satellite communication system additional is limited.Research is suitable for the platform such as fighter plane, guided missile and meets the piece type antenna system that large-angle scanning covering, high-gain etc. can be leaned on completely to require, how to realize broadband, high efficiency microstrip laminated antenna structure, and in limited space, realize high density microwave Single-Chip Integration, the electromagnetic compatibility problem of antenna system, being the key issue that this chip Ka frequency range large-angle scanning satellite communication antena system realizes, is also the bottleneck that Practical Project realizes.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of chip Ka frequency range large-angle scanning satellite communication antena, the height being realized antenna by the slice structure of antenna is integrated.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, the present invention includes from top to bottom set gradually radiating layer, correcting network layer, radio circuit layer, ring control layer, power distribution layer, the layering of radiofrequency signal merit and ripple control network layer;
Described radiating layer connects correcting network layer and radio circuit layer respectively, for by the radiofrequency signal of radio circuit layer to space radiation;
Described correcting network layer connects radiating layer and ripple control network layer respectively, for the radiation signal by radiating layer, passes to ripple control network layer carry out phase array correction by network after being synthesized;
Described radio circuit layer is connected with radiating layer, synthesizes wave beam for passing to radiating layer after the radiofrequency signal of radiofrequency signal merit layering is carried out phase shift, decay, amplification to space radiation;
Described ring control layer is arranged between radio circuit layer and power distribution layer;
Described power distribution layer is connected with radio circuit layer, for exterior power supply being distributed to each radio-frequency channel of radio circuit layer;
The layering of described radiofrequency signal merit is connected with radio circuit layer, for the signal of transmitting being carried out power division to each radio-frequency channel of radio circuit layer;
Described ripple control network layer connects radio circuit layer and correcting network layer respectively, for the signal controlling of each radio-frequency channel of radio frequency circuit layer, the change of signal amplitude phase place and to correction signal process.
Described radiating layer comprises 8 × 8 64 array elements of structuring the formation, and each array element is that the individual layer breach microband paste etching of single-point feedback forms, and each array element is arranged two for receiving the probe of correction signal.
In 64 array elements of described radiating layer, adjacent 4 are divided into one group, and 4 array elements often organized carry out 90 ° successively and rotate rear arrangement.
As one of optimal way of the present invention, the skin of described radiating layer arranges separator.
Described correcting network layer comprises 64 and corrects array element, each correction array element connects the probe of array element on corresponding radiating layer by two microstrip lines, two microstrip lines of each correction array element are merged into a road, adjacent two-way remerges Cheng Yilu, and 64 correct array element and merge the signal output of last formation one road successively.
Described radio circuit layer comprises 64 identical array element radio-frequency channels, and each array element radio-frequency channel comprises the decay phase shift chip, power amplifier and the isolator that connect successively, and input radio frequency signal, after overdamping phase shift, amplifies and is transferred to radiating layer again.
Described ring control layer comprises capillary cooling water channel and heat dissipation cold plate, described heat dissipation cold plate is offered many horizontal grooves and form capillary cooling water channel, one end of described many capillary cooling water channels is joined together to form cold water inlet, and the other end is joined together to form hot water outlet.
Described power distribution layer comprises 64 power supply array elements and 4 power connectors, and each power connector connects 16 power supply array elements, and 4 power connectors connect externally fed equipment respectively.
The layering of described radiofrequency signal merit comprises 64 merit point array elements and 1 radio frequency connector, and each merit point array element adopts same line to power, and radio frequency connector connects each merit point array element respectively.
Described ripple control network layer comprises fpga chip, interface circuit, correction signal change-over circuit with CPU, described interface circuit connects radio circuit layer, external low frequency interface and correction signal change-over circuit respectively, fpga chip connecting interface circuit, described correction signal change-over circuit connects correcting network layer;
Described fpga chip radio frequency circuit layer exports control signal and completes the calculating of wave beam phase shift code and the correction of phase shifter;
Described correction signal change-over circuit carries out A/D conversion after correction signal defeated for correcting network is converted to L frequency range and stored in fpga chip.
The present invention has the following advantages compared to existing technology: the present invention adopts chip active phase array antenna structure, efficient distributed feed dimensional energy synthesis, and high density Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuit Technology, and the available resource of the system that makes full use of and large-scale production technology, improve level of integrated system and utilance, reduce height and the volume of antenna system to greatest extent, weight also reduces manufacturing cost, meet the requirement of producing in enormous quantities and debugging, as the antenna of the communication system of satellite application, coordinate can realize fighter plane by each system, guided missile, the mobility strongs such as unmanned plane, pneumatic property requires bidirectional high-efficiency broadband connections under the Larger Dynamic of high platform, realize the over the horizon observing and controlling to above-mentioned platform and communication requirement.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is antenna system functional block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is inventive antenna Rotating fields schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of radiating layer;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of correcting network layer;
Fig. 5 is single array element radio-frequency channel schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of ring control layer;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of power distribution layer;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of radiofrequency signal power division network layer;
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of ripple control network layer.
Embodiment
Elaborate to embodiments of the invention below, the present embodiment is implemented under premised on technical solution of the present invention, give detailed execution mode and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the present embodiment comprise from top to bottom set gradually radiating layer 1, correcting network layer 2, radio circuit layer 3, ring control layer 4, power distribution layer 5, radiofrequency signal merit layering 6 and ripple control network layer 7;
Described radiating layer 1 connects correcting network layer 2 and radio circuit layer 3 respectively, for by the radiofrequency signal of radio circuit layer 3 to space radiation;
Described correcting network layer 2 connects radiating layer 1 and ripple control network layer 7 respectively, for the radiation signal by radiating layer 1, passes to ripple control network layer 7 carry out phase array correction by network after being synthesized;
Described radio circuit layer 3 is connected with radiating layer 1, after the radiofrequency signal of radiofrequency signal merit layering 6 is carried out phase shift, decay, amplification, pass to radiating layer 1 to space radiation synthesis wave beam;
Described ring control layer 4 is arranged between radio circuit layer 3 and power distribution layer 5;
Described power distribution layer 5 is connected with radio circuit layer 3, for exterior power supply being distributed to each radio-frequency channel of radio circuit layer 3;
Described radiofrequency signal merit layering 6 is connected with radio circuit layer 3, for the signal of transmitting being carried out power division to each radio-frequency channel of radio circuit layer 3;
Described ripple control network layer 7 connects radio circuit layer 3 and correcting network layer 2 respectively, for the signal controlling of each radio-frequency channel of radio frequency circuit layer 3, the change of signal amplitude phase place and to correction signal process.
As shown in Figure 3, the radiating layer 1 of the present embodiment comprises 8 × 8 64 array elements of structuring the formation, radiating layer 1 is of a size of 50mm × 50mm, and each array element is that the individual layer breach microband paste etching of single-point feedback forms, and each array element is arranged two for receiving the probe of correction signal.
In order to improve the axial ratio performance of antenna system, 64 array elements of radiating layer 1, adjacent 4 are divided into one group, and 4 array elements often organized carry out 90 ° successively and rotate rear arrangement.
Each array element is the individual layer breach microband paste of single-point feedback, and this unit form is the most plain mode realizing circular polarization, only just can be realized by etching and processing with one deck dieelctric sheet.Two probe primary recipient correction signals on each array element, the auxiliary function realizing correcting, the position of concrete probe is determined by unit emulation; Array element is connected with radio circuit layer 3 with correcting network layer 2 by through hole, radiating layer 1 is in outermost layer in the structure of module, and based on the consideration such as electromagnetic compatibility and isolation, need to arrange separator at radiation front skin, separator belongs to a part for radiating layer.
Consider that antenna needs with platform conformal, radiating layer 1 adopts patch form, and antenna system needs to carry out large-angle scanning realizes the covering of wave beam spatial domain, therefore fixing array element distance is adopted, unit interval is determined according to scanning angle simulation analysis, signal is gone out to space radiation by each array element, the wave beam in the required direction of synthesis.
As shown in Figure 4, the main conjunction road of correction signal being carried out of correcting network floor 2 exports, and coupled system realizes the correction of phase array, is the requisite part of phased array antenna system.
Correcting network layer 2 comprises 64 and corrects array element, each correction array element connects the probe of array element on corresponding radiating layer 1 by two microstrip lines, two microstrip lines of each correction array element are merged into a road, adjacent two-way remerges Cheng Yilu, and 64 correct array element and merge the signal output of last formation one road successively.
Correcting network layer 2 coordinates the correcting probe of radiating layer 1 to realize the correction of active phased array, in order to avoid meeting the intensity of correction signal to the impact of radiating layer 1 performance, each correction array element have two probes, corresponding correcting network layer 2 has two microstrip line signal transmissions, then two microstrip lines are merged into a road and form a road correction signal output, the length of probe location and microstrip line is through design of Simulation, guarantee that each probe is identical to the path of correction signal receiver, namely the signal of each probe has identical decay to correction receiver.
As shown in Figure 5, the function of radio circuit layer 3 be the radiofrequency signal of transmitting is carried out amplify, amplitude fading and phase change etc., the each passage width required for analog beam synthesis realizing phased array antenna system is worth mutually, this module adopts Miniature RF multifunction chip, realize modulating mutually at the width of small space Zhong Dui 64 road signal, complete Beam synthesis.
Radio circuit layer 3 comprises 64 identical array element radio-frequency channels, and each array element radio-frequency channel comprises the decay phase shift chip, power amplifier and the isolator that connect successively, and input radio frequency signal, after overdamping phase shift, amplifies and is transferred to radiating layer 1 again.
The decay main decay of settling signal amplitude of phase shift chip and the change of phase place, signal amplifies by power amplifier, coordinates ripple control to realize transmission channel independently control, for the correction of antenna system by switch.
As shown in Figure 6, because radio circuit can produce amount of heat, so large heat can cause radio circuit to burn in narrow space, therefore ring control layer 4 is that slice structure is requisite, and be close to radio layer to place, play cooled RF passage, by the effect that system thermal derives.
Ring control layer 4 comprises capillary cooling water channel 41 and heat dissipation cold plate 42, described heat dissipation cold plate 42 is offered many horizontal grooves and form capillary cooling water channel 41, one end of described many capillary cooling water channels 41 is joined together to form cold water inlet 43, and the other end is joined together to form hot water outlet 44.
The water of ring control enters from cold water inlet 43, by capillary cooling water channel on heat dissipation cold plate 42 41 to hot water outlet 44, input be cold water, outflow be hot water, the heat that system produces is taken away, realizes systemic circulation cooling.
As shown in Figure 7, power distribution layer 5 comprises 64 power supply array elements and 4 power connectors, and each power connector connects 16 power supply array elements, and 4 power connectors connect externally fed equipment respectively.
Power distribution layer 5 is mainly the power amplifier of radio circuit layer 3, decay phase shift chip and other chip power supplies, because 64 merits divide the electric current needed for array element excessive, therefore this layer adopts 4 connectors to be connected with externally fed equipment, the electricity that each connector exports is responsible for 16 merits and is divided array element, simultaneously by the heat away that power supply produces, be conducive to the ring control of system.
As shown in Figure 8, radiofrequency signal merit layering 6 comprises 64 merit point array elements and 1 radio frequency connector, and each merit point array element adopts same line to power, and radio frequency connector connects each merit point array element respectively.
The radiofrequency signal of input is mainly carried out the radio circuit of power division to 64 merit point array elements by radiofrequency signal merit layering 6, each merit point array element adopts identical line powering, ensure that same input signal is assigned to 64 merit point array elements and has identical loss and phase place, guarantee the consistency of each passage, radiofrequency signal merit layering 6 needs radio frequency connector is connected with the external world simultaneously, avoids the problem that in the confined space, a large amount of connector cannot be laid.
As shown in Figure 9, ripple control network layer 7 comprises fpga chip, interface circuit, correction signal change-over circuit with CPU, described interface circuit connects radio circuit layer 3, external low frequency interface, correction signal change-over circuit respectively, fpga chip connecting interface circuit, described correction signal change-over circuit connects correcting network layer 2; Fpga chip radio frequency circuit layer 3 exports control signal and completes the calculating of wave beam phase shift code and the correction of phase shifter; Correction signal change-over circuit carries out A/D conversion after correction signal defeated for correcting network is converted to L frequency range and stored in fpga chip.
The major function of ripple control network layer 7 has three, and one, switch control rule is realized to each channel radio frequency module; Two, the width calculating each radio-frequency channel according to the antenna bearingt, the angle of pitch information that receive is worth mutually, and in conjunction with the corrected value of each passage of phased array antenna, then the amplitude attenuation value of each passage and phase shift value are converted to the code value of numerical control phase shift attenuation network, and carry out stamp for each passage; Three, there is the calibration function of phase array.
Ripple control network layer 7 is connected with outside by a low-frequency connector, the main transfer control signal of this connector and data-signal and ripple control network power supply.
Can be known by Fig. 2, whole antenna structure comprises three class connectors, is respectively 1 low frequency interface 8, for connecting the low-frequency connector of ripple control network layer 7; 1 radio frequency interface 9, for connecting the radio frequency connector of radiofrequency signal merit layering 6; 2 waterway channels 10, are respectively the input and output in water route, for the waterway connector of connecting ring control layer 4.
Above-mentioned 7 Rotating fields realize the signal interconnection between different layers by the highly reliable perpendicular interconnection connector of small-sized antivibration, through hole and reinforcing strutting piece (double do shielding body), are then laminated into an entirety and form whole antenna system.
The chip Ka frequency range large-angle scanning satellite communication antena that the present invention obtains, is applicable to the satellite communication of Ka frequency range, and being applicable to carrier can the situation of conformal design without section to demanding terminal, can reach following technical indicator:
Operating frequency: Ka; Submatrix unit: 8*8 active cell; Polarization mode: circular polarization; Sweep limits: meet 60 ° of cone angle sweep limitss; Antenna thickness: be less than 40mm; Module EIRP:30dBW.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a chip Ka frequency range large-angle scanning satellite communication antena, is characterized in that, comprise from top to bottom set gradually radiating layer, correcting network layer, radio circuit layer, ring control layer, power distribution layer, the layering of radiofrequency signal merit and ripple control network layer;
Described radiating layer connects correcting network layer and radio circuit layer respectively, for by the radiofrequency signal of radio circuit layer to space radiation;
Described correcting network layer connects radiating layer and ripple control network layer respectively, for the radiation signal by radiating layer, passes to ripple control network layer carry out phase array correction by network after being synthesized;
Described radio circuit layer is connected with radiating layer, synthesizes wave beam for passing to radiating layer after the radiofrequency signal of radiofrequency signal merit layering is carried out phase shift, decay, amplification to space radiation;
Described ring control layer is arranged between radio circuit layer and power distribution layer;
Described power distribution layer is connected with radio circuit layer, for exterior power supply being distributed to each radio-frequency channel of radio circuit layer;
The layering of described radiofrequency signal merit is connected with radio circuit layer, for the signal of transmitting being carried out power division to each radio-frequency channel of radio circuit layer;
Described ripple control network layer connects radio circuit layer and correcting network layer respectively, for the signal controlling of each radio-frequency channel of radio frequency circuit layer, the change of signal amplitude phase place and to correction signal process.
2. a kind of chip Ka frequency range large-angle scanning satellite communication antena according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described radiating layer comprises 8 × 8 64 array elements of structuring the formation, each array element is that the individual layer breach microband paste etching of single-point feedback forms, and each array element is arranged two for receiving the probe of correction signal.
3. a kind of chip Ka frequency range large-angle scanning satellite communication antena according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, in 64 array elements of described radiating layer, adjacent 4 are divided into one group, and 4 array elements often organized carry out 90 ° successively and rotate rear arrangement.
4. a kind of chip Ka frequency range large-angle scanning satellite communication antena according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, the skin of described radiating layer arranges separator.
5. a kind of chip Ka frequency range large-angle scanning satellite communication antena according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described correcting network layer comprises 64 and corrects array element, each correction array element connects the probe of array element on corresponding radiating layer by two microstrip lines, two microstrip lines of each correction array element are merged into a road, adjacent two-way remerges Cheng Yilu, and 64 correct array element and merge the signal output of last formation one road successively.
6. a kind of chip Ka frequency range large-angle scanning satellite communication antena according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described radio circuit layer comprises 64 identical array element radio-frequency channels, each array element radio-frequency channel comprises the decay phase shift chip, power amplifier and the isolator that connect successively, input radio frequency signal, after overdamping phase shift, amplifies and is transferred to radiating layer again.
7. a kind of chip Ka frequency range large-angle scanning satellite communication antena according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described ring control layer comprises capillary cooling water channel and heat dissipation cold plate, described heat dissipation cold plate is offered many horizontal grooves and form capillary cooling water channel, one end of described many capillary cooling water channels is joined together to form cold water inlet, and the other end is joined together to form hot water outlet.
8. a kind of chip Ka frequency range large-angle scanning satellite communication antena according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described power distribution layer comprises 64 power supply array elements and 4 power connectors, and each power connector connects 16 power supply array elements, and 4 power connectors connect externally fed equipment respectively.
9. a kind of chip Ka frequency range large-angle scanning satellite communication antena according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the layering of described radiofrequency signal merit comprises 64 merit point array elements and 1 radio frequency connector, and each merit point array element adopts same line to power, and radio frequency connector connects each merit point array element respectively.
10. a kind of chip Ka frequency range large-angle scanning satellite communication antena according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described ripple control network layer comprises fpga chip, interface circuit, correction signal change-over circuit with CPU, described interface circuit connects radio circuit layer, external low frequency interface and correction signal change-over circuit respectively, fpga chip connecting interface circuit, described correction signal change-over circuit connects correcting network layer;
Described fpga chip radio frequency circuit layer exports control signal and completes the calculating of wave beam phase shift code and the correction of phase shifter;
Described correction signal change-over circuit carries out A/D conversion after correction signal defeated for correcting network is converted to L frequency range and stored in fpga chip.
CN201510477927.9A 2015-08-06 2015-08-06 A kind of chip Ka frequency ranges large-angle scanning satellite communication antena Active CN105024143B (en)

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