CN102594426A - Device and method for carrying out synchronous calibration on multiple receiving/transmitting channels of active antenna - Google Patents
Device and method for carrying out synchronous calibration on multiple receiving/transmitting channels of active antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN102594426A CN102594426A CN2012100393266A CN201210039326A CN102594426A CN 102594426 A CN102594426 A CN 102594426A CN 2012100393266 A CN2012100393266 A CN 2012100393266A CN 201210039326 A CN201210039326 A CN 201210039326A CN 102594426 A CN102594426 A CN 102594426A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
- H04B17/10—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters
- H04B17/11—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters for calibration
- H04B17/12—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters for calibration of transmit antennas, e.g. of the amplitude or phase
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
- H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for carrying out synchronous calibration on multiple receiving/transmitting channels of an active antenna. The method comprises the following steps of: testing amplitude and phase differences of a calibrating tool, and setting up a calibrating environment corresponding to each transmitting/receiving channel and between a receiving/transmitting radio frequency module and a calibrating device; acquiring and storing offline amplitude and phase information of each transmitting/receiving channel by a digital processing module; according to the amplitude and phase differences of the calibrating tool and the stored amplitude and phase information of each transmitting/receiving channel, carrying out amplitude and phase compensation on each transmitting/receiving channel; and carrying out equal amplitude and equal phase verification on each transmitting/receiving channel subjected to amplitude and phase compensation, if each transmitting/receiving channel is qualified through verification, carrying out transmitting/receiving wave-beam forming. The invention also discloses a device for carrying out synchronous calibration on multiple receiving/transmitting channels of the active antenna. With the adoption of the method and device disclosed by the invention, the synchronous calibration of each transmitting/receiving channel can be realized under the condition that no additional hardware module is added in an active antenna system, thereby effectively reducing the cost, volume and power consumption of the active antenna system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to moving communicating field, relate in particular to a kind of active antenna and overcharge the apparatus and method of a passage with step calibration.
Background technology
In the existing GSM; Each sub-district utilizes the antenna that is installed in cat head to transmit and receive signal usually; And utilize the mode of Remote Radio Unit (RRU) through feeder line to offer that antenna is high-power to transmit, and the signal that utilizes feeder line that antenna is received is sent to RRU and does further processing.Beam shaping based on this framework is accomplished in antenna, and said antenna is generally passive antenna, and required amplitude, the phase difference of beam shaping accomplished by the antenna feeder network and the phase-shift network of inside usually.What deserves to be mentioned is that this phase-shift network adopts motor-driven mechanical structure to realize, the structure relative complex, and in antenna a period of time phase adjusted process, reliability is not high.
Be introduced in along with active antenna in the application of GSM, beam forming technique transfers in digital processing element to be realized.Before beam shaping, need do amplitude, phase alignment to each reception and transmission channel, make and can realize between the multichannel sending and receiving passage synchronously.
Present existing active antenna calibration steps adds the transmitting-receiving calibration module usually and realizes in antenna system; For example: the patent No. is CN 101651480A; Denomination of invention is the patent of " method of active antenna, base station, refreshing amplitude and phase place and signal processing method "; It has increased the calibration that special transmitting-receiving calibrated channel and coupler are accomplished the sending and receiving passage in antenna system, make the complex structure of entire antenna system, and costs an arm and a leg.Certainly; Also having other calibration steps in the prior art, is CN 101916919A like the patent No., and denomination of invention is the patent of " a kind of method and active antenna of calibrating active antenna "; Its receiver is calibrated receive path through antenna external noise that receive, on the receiver frequency band; Though said method has been saved special calibrating installation, it is bigger to calibrate the feasibility difficulty, is unfavorable for producing in batches; In addition, the reflector calibration in the said calibration steps has increased special pip device, has also increased cost.
Summary of the invention
In view of this; Main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of active antenna to overcharge and sends out the apparatus and method of passage with step calibration; Can not have to realize under the situation of extra interpolation hardware module the same step calibration of each transceiver channel in the active antenna system, effectively reduce cost, volume and the power consumption of active antenna system.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that
The invention provides a kind of active antenna and overcharge the device of a passage with step calibration, this device comprises: the digital signal processing module in the active antenna, transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module and external calibration equipment; Wherein,
Said calibrating installation comprises calibration frock and signal generator, is used for linking to each other with the transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module, is built into the calibration environment of each emission/receive path; Wherein, the width of cloth of said calibration frock, differ determined before each transceiver channel is calibrated;
Said digital signal processing module, the off-line width of cloth, the phase information that are used to gather and store each emission/receive path; According to the width of cloth of calibration frock, differ with the width of cloth, the phase information of each emission/receive path of having stored each emission/receive path carried out the width of cloth, compensate mutually; And to the width of cloth, mutually each the emission/receive path after the compensation carry out constant amplitude, etc. verify mutually; When confirming that checking is qualified, launch/the received beam shaping;
Said transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module, when being used for the calibration of off-line emission/receive path, the calibrating signal transmission channel between digital signal processing module and calibration frock; Link to each other with calibrating installation, be built into the calibration environment of each emission/receive path.
Wherein, said calibration frock is: 1 be divided into N power splitter or N select 1 switch arrays.
Wherein, said digital signal processing module, be further used for constant amplitude, etc. verify mutually and again each emission/receive path calibrated when defective.
The present invention also provides a kind of active antenna to overcharge and has sent out the synchronous Calibration Method of passage, and this method comprises:
The width of cloth of detection calibration frock, differ, build the calibration environment of corresponding each the emission/receive path between transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module and calibrating installation;
The off-line width of cloth, the phase information of each emission/receive path gathered and stored to digital signal processing module; According to the width of cloth of calibration frock, differ with the width of cloth, the phase information of each emission/receive path of having stored each emission/receive path carried out the width of cloth, compensate mutually; To the width of cloth, mutually each the emission/receive path after the compensation carry out constant amplitude, etc. checking mutually, if verify qualifiedly, then launch/the received beam shaping.
Wherein, said calibration frock is: 1 be divided into N power splitter or N select 1 switch arrays.
Wherein, said calibration frock is switch arrays, and when each transmission channel calibrated, the said calibration environment of building, the off-line width of cloth, the phase information of gathering and storing each passage are specially:
To calibrate corresponding the linking to each other of delivery outlet ANT1～ANTN of Port1～PortN port with the transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module of frock simultaneously, the PortN+1 port links to each other with the PRX CAL port of the feedback path of transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module;
Through the diverter switch array; Make the PortN+1 port of calibration frock successively link to each other with Port1～PortN port respectively; When gathering the width of cloth, the phase information of each road transmission channel, the equal transmitting calibration signal of testing source TSG among the digital processing element DPU in the digital signal processing module is after being handled by digital signal processing module; Each road transmission channel, power amplifier and duplexer in digital to analog converter DAC and transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module; Send feedback path to through the calibration frock, gather the width of cloth, the phase information of first to the N road transmission channel through feedback path, and be stored in the TX RAM module among the digital signal processing module DPU.
Wherein, said calibration frock is a power splitter, and when each transmission channel calibrated, the said calibration environment of building, the off-line width of cloth, the phase information of gathering and storing each passage are specially:
Port1～PortN the port of calibration frock is corresponding continuous with the delivery outlet ANT1～ANTN of transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module, and the PortN+1 port links to each other with the PRX CAL port of the feedback path of transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module;
TSG transmitting calibration signal among the DPU; After the digital signal processing module processing; Each road transmission channel, power amplifier and duplexer in DAC and transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module; Send feedback path to through the calibration frock, gather the width of cloth, the phase information of each road transmission channel through feedback path, and be stored in the TX RAM module among the digital signal processing module DPU.
Wherein, said calibration frock is a power splitter, and when each receive path calibrated, the said calibration environment of building, the off-line width of cloth, the phase information of gathering and storing each passage are specially:
Calibration frock Port1～PortN port links to each other with each delivery outlet ANT1～ANTN of transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module respectively; The PortN+1 port of calibration frock links to each other with signal generator; Signal generator produces calibrating signal; Give each road receive path via calibration frock merit branch; Each road of calibrating signal receives via duplexer, LNA LNA and receive path in the transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module, and the analog to digital converter ADC in the digital signal processing module, RX RAM module collection among the digital signal processing module DPU and amplitude, the phase information of storing each road receive path.
Wherein, said calibration frock is switch arrays, and when each receive path calibrated, the said calibration environment of building, the off-line width of cloth, the phase information of gathering and storing each passage are specially:
Port1～PortN the port that to calibrate frock simultaneously links to each other with the delivery outlet ANT1～ANTN of transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module, and the PortN+1 port links to each other with signal generator;
Through the diverter switch array; Make the PortN+1 port of calibration frock successively link to each other with Port1～PortN port respectively, when gathering the width of cloth, the phase information of each road receive path, the DPU in the digital signal processing module all sends triggering TRIG signal to signal generator; And record TRIG signal significant instant; Signal generator produces calibrating signal after receiving the TRIG signal, and calibrating signal successively is input to first to the N road receive path via the calibration frock, via duplexer, LNA and the receive path in the transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module; And the ADC in the digital signal processing module, RX RAM module collection in the digital signal processing module and amplitude, the phase information of storing first to the N road receive path.
Further, this method also comprises:
If digital signal processing module to the constant amplitude of each emission/receive path, etc. verify defectively mutually, then again each emission/receive path is calibrated.
Wherein, said calibrating signal is tone signal or band-limited signal.
Active antenna provided by the invention is overcharged and is sent out the apparatus and method of passage with step calibration, the width of cloth of detection calibration frock, differs, and builds the calibration environment of corresponding each the emission/receive path between transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module and calibrating installation; The off-line width of cloth, the phase information of each emission/receive path gathered and stored to digital signal processing module; According to the width of cloth of calibration frock, differ with the width of cloth, the phase information of each emission/receive path of having stored each emission/receive path carried out the width of cloth, compensate mutually; To the width of cloth, mutually each the emission/receive path after the compensation carry out constant amplitude, etc. checking mutually, if verify qualifiedly, then launch/the received beam shaping.Compared with prior art, off-line calibration method of the present invention makes the active antenna system not need extra interpolation hardware calibration module, therefore effectively reduces production cost, volume and the power consumption of active antenna system, and then has improved the operating efficiency of active antenna system.
In addition, the present invention calibrates the realization of frock and can adopt the Wilkinson type (Wilkinson) of existing 1 minute N or the power splitter of other type to realize, also can adopt N to select 1 switch arrays to realize, need not carry out loaded down with trivial details structural design, implementation method is simple.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the internal structure sketch map of active antenna of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of off-line calibration device of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the environmental structure structure chart of transmission channel off-line calibration of the present invention;
Fig. 4 penetrates the synchronous calibration steps realization flow sketch map of passage for active antenna pilosity of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the structure chart of environmental structure one embodiment of receive path off-line calibration of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the synchronous calibration steps realization flow sketch map of the many receive paths of active antenna of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the structure chart of another embodiment of environmental structure of receive path off-line calibration of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention adopts the method for calibration frock off-line calibration; Promptly before the active antenna operate as normal, realize collection, storage, calibration and the compensation of each transceiver channel amplitude and phase information; Combine the antenna feeder network and the width of cloth in antenna a period of time, phase behaviour afterwards; Obtain the required width of cloth, phase correction factor, thereby realize the beam shaping of transceiver channel.
Basic thought of the present invention is: the width of cloth of detection calibration frock, differ, build the calibration environment of corresponding each the emission/receive path between transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module and calibrating installation;
The off-line width of cloth, the phase information of each emission/receive path gathered and stored to digital signal processing module; According to the width of cloth of calibration frock, differ with the width of cloth, the phase information of each emission/receive path of having stored each emission/receive path carried out the width of cloth, compensate mutually; To the width of cloth, mutually each the emission/receive path after the compensation carry out constant amplitude, etc. checking mutually, if verify qualifiedly, then launch/the received beam shaping.
Further, if verify defectively, then again each emission/receive path is calibrated.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the present invention is done further explain.
Active antenna of the present invention is overcharged and is sent out the device of passage with step calibration, comprising: the digital signal processing module in the active antenna, transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module and external calibration equipment; Wherein,
Said calibrating installation comprises calibration frock and signal generator, is used for linking to each other with the transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module, is built into the calibration environment of each emission/receive path; Wherein, the width of cloth of said calibration frock, differ determined before each transceiver channel is calibrated;
Said digital signal processing module, the off-line width of cloth, the phase information that are used to gather and store each emission/receive path; According to the width of cloth of calibration frock, differ with the width of cloth, the phase information of each emission/receive path of having stored each emission/receive path carried out the width of cloth, compensate mutually; And to the width of cloth, mutually each the emission/receive path after the compensation carry out constant amplitude, etc. verify mutually; When confirming that checking is qualified, launch/the received beam shaping;
Said transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module, when being used for the calibration of off-line emission/receive path, the calibrating signal transmission channel between digital signal processing module and calibration frock; Link to each other with calibrating installation, be built into the calibration environment of each emission/receive path.
Said digital signal processing module, be further used for constant amplitude, etc. verify mutually and again each emission/receive path calibrated when defective.
Fig. 1 is for the internal structure sketch map of active antenna of the present invention, and is as shown in Figure 1, comprising: antenna array subarray 14, antenna feeder network 13, transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module 12 and digital signal processing module 11; Wherein, the structure and the function of said antenna array subarray 14 and antenna feeder network 13 are identical with prior art, simply describe in the face of it down:
Said antenna array subarray 14, antenna a period of time is formed, and is used for the conversion of electromagnetic wave signal and radiofrequency signal, accomplishes transmit external radiation and the front end that receives signal are received;
Said antenna feeder network 13; Be used for being connected of every road transceiver channel and a plurality of antenna a period of time; And part amplitude, phase weighting are provided for each antenna a period of time, and concrete, corresponding individual antenna a period of time of K (K >=1) of each transceiver channel of transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module 12; When K＞1, antenna feeder network 13 provides amplitude, the phase weighting of partial fixing for each antenna a period of time.Antenna feeder network 13 can adopt the power splitter of Wilkinson type (Wilkinson) or other type to realize; It can become module separately in physics realization; Also can integrate by antennae a period of time array, antenna feeder network and antenna array subarray satisfy each passage fixing amplitude, phase weighting requirement on structure and technology.
The function and the prior art of said transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module 12 and digital signal processing module 11 are different, wherein,
Said transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module 12 is made up of multichannel transmission channel, multipath reception passage and one road feedback path; Wherein, said transmission channel upconverts to radiofrequency signal with the intermediate-freuqncy signal that digital signal processing module 11 provides, and amplifies through power amplifier (PA), offers antenna feeder network 13 and antenna array subarray 14; Said receive path receives the RF small signals that antenna feeder network 13 receives from antenna array subarray 14, amplifies through LNA (LNA), is converted into intermediate-freuqncy signal through down-conversion and offers digital signal processing module 11; Said one road feedback path possesses two functions: 1, as digital pre-distortion (DPD) feedback path; Pass through on-off controller; Select each transmission channel coupler; From multichannel emission PA output coupling coherent signal, offer digital signal processing module and do the DPD pre-distortion, reveal rejection ratio with the neighboring trace of optimizing transmitting chain; 2. as calibrated channel, realize emission, receive amplitude, the phase alignment of each passage, to should function, have increased the PRXCAL port in the module newly, as shown in Figure 1.Except second function of above-mentioned feedback path, other function of transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module 12 is all identical with prior art.
Said digital signal processing module 11 is used for when up, and the IQ analog receiving signal analog-to-digital conversion that down-conversion is obtained is that IQ digital received signal carries out digital processing; When descending, the serial/parallel IQ of converting into the digitally transmitted signals of signal to base band resource pool (BBU) sends after digital-to-analogue conversion, offers transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module 12;
Among the present invention, digital signal processing module 11 also is used for when off-line calibration; Be used to gather and store each emission, the amplitude of receive path, phase value; In conjunction with antenna feeder network and the width of cloth in antenna a period of time, phase behaviour, and the width of cloth of calibration frock, differ the correction factor that obtains corresponding emission, receive path, realize the beam shaping of transceiver channel jointly; Concrete
When carrying out the transmission channel off-line calibration; The inner testing source (TSG) of digital processing element in the digital signal processing module (DPU) sends calibrating signal; Said calibrating signal can be tone signal, band-limited signal etc.; This calibrating signal is issued each way weighted-voltage D/A converter (DAC), and clock unit (CLK) output is synchronously given each road DAC, guarantees the work clock equiphase of each road DAC; When carrying out the receive path off-line calibration, each road analog to digital converter (ADC) output digital signal is given DPU and is handled, and CLK output synchronously gives each road ADC, guarantees the work clock equiphase of each road ADC.
The inner existing emission up-conversion module of active antenna, reception down conversion module and feedback down-conversion module need local oscillation signal separately; In order to eliminate the influence that local oscillation signal brings transmitting-receiving synchronously, the mode that all emission up-conversion modules and feedback down-conversion module adopt frequency synthesizer output signal merit to divide realizes common local oscillator.In like manner, all reception down conversion module also adopt the mode of frequency synthesizer output signal merit branch to realize common local oscillator.
Fig. 2 is for the structural representation of off-line calibration device of the present invention, and is as shown in Figure 2, comprises calibration frock and signal generator; Said calibration frock can use the Wilkinson type (Wilkinson) of 1 fen N or the power splitter of other type to realize; Also can adopt N to select 1 switch arrays to realize; Perhaps adopt the circuit or the device of similar functions to realize, be easier to those skilled in the art realize, no longer detail here.When the calibration frock adopts switch arrays to realize, need on the calibration frock, increase ON-OFF control circuit.
Wherein, shown in cable Cable1～CableN select high-precision radio frequency cable for use, guarantee amplitude, equiphases such as every cable as far as possible; Certainly; Actual when implementing off-line calibration, still need consider the width of cloth, the phase error of every cable, just calibrate frock the width of cloth, differ.
Said signal generator does not use when the transmission channel off-line calibration, when the receive path off-line calibration, is used to produce calibrating signal, and this calibrating signal can be tone signal, band-limited signal etc., gives each road receive path via calibration frock merit branch; Perhaps, produce calibrating signal after receiving the triggering that DPU sent out (TRIG) signal in the digital signal processing module, this calibrating signal is input to each road receive path via the calibration frock.
Respectively the synchronous calibration steps of active antenna transmission channel of the present invention and receive path is described in detail below.
The environmental structure structure chart of transmission channel off-line calibration of the present invention is as shown in Figure 3, it should be noted that that link to each other with calibration frock Port1～PortN port is respectively each delivery outlet ANT1～ANTN of transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module.Each road amplitude of antenna feeder network and antenna array subarray, phase characteristic require to guarantee through design and processes, are prior art, and this part width of cloth, phase behaviour will be accomplished the synchronous and beam shaping of transmission channel together jointly with off-line calibration.
Fig. 4 is the synchronous calibration steps realization flow sketch map that active antenna pilosity of the present invention is penetrated passage, and the performing step of this flow process is following:
Step 401: the width of cloth of detection calibration frock, differ;
Be specially: utilize vector network analyzer or Other Instruments detection calibration frock Port1～PortN port branch to be clipped to amplitude, the phase difference of PortN+1 port,, treat the subsequent compensation use as the environmental error of calibration frock.Here, the result of test gained can be stored in and supply follow-up use in the outer computer.
Step 402: build the calibration environment of each transmission channel, gather and store the off-line width of cloth, the phase information of each transmission channel;
Be specially: build calibration environment by Fig. 3; If the calibration frock is switch arrays; Port1～PortN the port that needs to calibrate frock links to each other with the delivery outlet ANT1～ANTN of transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module simultaneously, and the PortN+1 port links to each other with the PRX CAL port of the feedback path of transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module.Selected first via transmission channel; Through control calibration frock switch inside array, make the Port1 port of calibration frock be connected, the TSG transmitting calibration signal among the DPU of digital signal processing module inside with the PortN+1 port; This calibrating signal can be tone signal, band-limited signal etc.; After the digital signal processing module processing, the devices such as transmission channel TX PROCESS, PA and duplexer in DAC and transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module send feedback path to through the calibration frock; Gather the width of cloth, the phase information of first via transmission channel through feedback path, and be stored in the TX RAM module among the digital signal processing module DPU.Afterwards, selected the second road transmission channel makes the Port2 port of calibration frock be connected with the PortN+1 port through switching calibration frock switch inside array, repeats above operation, amplitude, the phase information of all transmission channels of storage in TX RAM.
Here, link to each other with the delivery outlet ANT1～ANTN of transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module simultaneously if the calibration frock when being power splitter, needs calibrate Port1～PortN port of frock equally, the PortN+1 port links to each other with the PRX CAL port of the feedback path of receiving and dispatching radio-frequency module.Different transmission channels being carried out the off-line width of cloth, when phase information is gathered, need not controlling the calibration frock, promptly need not carry out and the similar handover operation of switch arrays.TSG transmitting calibration signal among the DPU; After the digital signal processing module processing; Each road transmission channel, power amplifier and duplexer in DAC and transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module; Send feedback path to through the calibration frock, gather the width of cloth, the phase information of each road transmission channel through feedback path, and be stored in the TX RAM module among the digital signal processing module DPU.
Step 403: according to the width of cloth of calibration frock, differ with the width of cloth of each transmission channel of having stored, phase information each transmission channel is carried out the width of cloth, compensation mutually;
Be specially: digital signal processing module is according to the width of cloth, the phase information of each transmission channel of storing in the TX RAM module; At first obtain between each transmission channel the width of cloth, differ; For example: amplitude and phase value with first via transmission channel are worth as a reference, calculate the difference of other road transmission channel and this road transmission channel amplitude and phase place.Afterwards, digital signal processing module combine between each transmission channel the width of cloth, differ with step 401 in gained the calibration frock the width of cloth, differ each transmission channel carried out the width of cloth, compensation mutually, make amplitude, equiphases such as each transmission channel.
Step 404: to the width of cloth, mutually each transmission channel after the compensation carry out constant amplitude, etc. checking mutually, if verify qualifiedly, then execution in step 405; Otherwise, return step 402, recalibrate;
Be specially: repeating step 402; TX RAM writes down the width of cloth, the phase behaviour of each road transmission channel once more on the basis of step 403; Digital signal processing module calculates maximum, the minimum radius difference Δ A1 between each transmission channel; Maximum, minimum phase difference ΔΦ 1 just calculate the amplitude difference DELTA A1 between the minimum and maximum two-way transmission channel of range value, the phase difference value ΔΦ 1 between the minimum and maximum two-way transmission channel of phase value.If Δ A1＜Δ At, ΔΦ 1＜ΔΦ t shows that then checking is qualified, accomplishes calibration, otherwise, then recalibrate.
Wherein, said Δ At, ΔΦ t are the existing transmitting calibration error desired value of having set; Because each calibration environment is slightly different, so calibration result is slightly different, but can difference too not big, if calibration result twice or thrice is all defective, show that corresponding active antenna is unavailable.
Step 405: transmit beam-forming;
Be specially: combine the antenna feeder network of each transmission channel and the fixedly width of cloth, the phase behaviour in antenna a period of time; Digital signal processing module is done further amplitude, phase compensation on step 403 gained result's basis; Obtain the required width of cloth, phase correction factor, realize transmit beam-forming jointly.This step is a prior art, no longer details.
Be that two kinds of different implementations of power splitter and switch arrays are described the synchronous calibration steps of receive path with the calibration frock respectively below.
When said calibration frock is power splitter; The environmental structure structure chart of receive path off-line calibration of the present invention is as shown in Figure 5; That calibration frock Port1～PortN port links to each other together is respectively each delivery outlet ANT1～ANTN of transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module, and the PortN+1 port of calibration frock links to each other with signal generator.Each road amplitude of antenna feeder network and antenna array subarray, phase characteristic require to guarantee through design and processes, are prior art, and this part width of cloth, phase behaviour will be accomplished the synchronous and beam shaping of receive path together jointly with off-line calibration.
Fig. 6 is the synchronous calibration steps realization flow sketch map of the many receive paths of active antenna of the present invention, and the performing step of this flow process is following:
Step 601: the width of cloth of detection calibration frock, differ;
Be specially: utilize vector network analyzer or Other Instruments detection calibration frock PortN+1 port branch to be clipped to the Port1～amplitude of PortN port, phase difference,, treat the subsequent compensation use as the environmental error of calibration frock.Here, the result of test gained can be stored in and supply follow-up use in the outer computer.
Step 602: build the calibration environment of each receive path, gather and store the off-line width of cloth, the phase information of each receive path;
Be specially: build calibration environment by Fig. 5, utilize signal generator to produce calibrating signal, this calibrating signal can be tone signal, band-limited signal etc., gives each road receive path via calibration frock merit branch.Every road of calibrating signal receives via duplexer, LNA (LNA) and receive path RXPROCESS in the transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module; And the devices such as ADC in the digital signal processing module, the RXRAM module collection among the digital signal processing module DPU and amplitude, the phase information of storing each road receive path.
Step 603: according to the width of cloth of calibration frock, differ with the width of cloth of each receive path of having stored, phase information each receive path is carried out the width of cloth, compensation mutually;
Be specially: digital signal processing module is according to the width of cloth, the phase information of each receive path of storing in the RX RAM module; At first obtain between each receive path the width of cloth, differ; For example: amplitude and phase value with first via receive path are worth as a reference, calculate the difference of other road receive path and this road receive path amplitude and phase place.Afterwards, digital signal processing module combine between each receive path the width of cloth, differ with step 601 in gained the calibration frock the width of cloth, differ each receive path carried out the width of cloth, compensation mutually, make amplitude, equiphases such as each receive path.
Step 604: to the width of cloth, mutually each receive path after the compensation carry out constant amplitude, etc. checking mutually, if verify qualifiedly, then execution in step 605; Otherwise, return step 602, recalibrate;
Be specially: repeating step 602; RX RAM writes down the width of cloth, the phase behaviour of each road receive path once more; Digital signal processing module calculates maximum, the minimum radius difference Δ A2 between each receive path; Maximum, minimum phase difference ΔΦ 2 just calculate the amplitude difference DELTA A2 between the minimum and maximum two-way receive path of range value, the phase difference value ΔΦ 2 between the minimum and maximum two-way receive path of phase value.If Δ A2＜Δ Ar, ΔΦ 2＜ΔΦ r shows that then checking is qualified, accomplishes calibration, beginning execution in step 605; Otherwise, then recalibrate.
Wherein, said Δ Ar, ΔΦ r are the existing reception calibration error desired value of having set.
Step 605: received beam is shaped;
Be specially: combine the antenna feeder network of each receive path and the fixedly width of cloth, the phase behaviour in antenna a period of time; Digital signal processing module is done further amplitude, phase compensation on step 603 gained result's basis; Obtain the required width of cloth, phase correction factor; Make and amplitude, equiphases such as each receive path realize that jointly received beam is shaped.This step is a prior art, no longer details.
When the calibration frock is switch arrays; The environmental structure structure chart of receive path off-line calibration of the present invention is as shown in Figure 7; With the difference of Fig. 5 be that digital signal processing module and signal generator exist annexation, be used for digital signal processing module and send trigger (TRIG) signal to signal generator.Calibration environment corresponding shown in Figure 7; The synchronous calibration steps realization flow of the many receive paths of active antenna of the present invention is identical with flow process shown in Figure 6; Just the concrete implementation method of flow process 602 correspondences is different, so, and environmental structure structure chart corresponding shown in Figure 7; Said collection and the off-line width of cloth, the phase information of storing each receive path are specially:
Port1～PortN the port of calibration frock is linked to each other with the delivery outlet ANT1～ANTN of transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module simultaneously, and the PortN+1 port links to each other with signal generator.Selected first via receive path; Through control calibration frock switch inside array; Make the Port1 port of calibration frock be connected with the PortN+1 port, the DPU in the digital signal processing module sends the TRIG signal to signal generator, and record TRIG signal significant instant; Signal generator produces calibrating signal after receiving the TRIG signal; This calibrating signal can be tone signal, band-limited signal etc., and calibrating signal is input to first via receive path via the calibration frock, via duplexer, LNA and the receive path RX PROCESS in the transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module; And the devices such as ADC in the digital signal processing module, amplitude, the phase information of first via receive path gathered and stored to the RX RAM module in the digital signal processing module.According to identical method; Make the Port2 port of calibration frock link to each other through switching calibration frock switch inside array with the PortN+1 port; Gather and store amplitude, the phase information of the second road receive path as stated above, all gather and store up to the width of cloth, the phase information of all receive paths and finish.
The above is merely preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not to be used to limit protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. an active antenna is overcharged and is sent out the device of passage with step calibration, it is characterized in that this device comprises: the digital signal processing module in the active antenna, transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module and external calibration equipment; Wherein,
Said calibrating installation comprises calibration frock and signal generator, is used for linking to each other with the transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module, is built into the calibration environment of each emission/receive path; Wherein, the width of cloth of said calibration frock, differ determined before each transceiver channel is calibrated;
Said digital signal processing module, the off-line width of cloth, the phase information that are used to gather and store each emission/receive path; According to the width of cloth of calibration frock, differ with the width of cloth, the phase information of each emission/receive path of having stored each emission/receive path carried out the width of cloth, compensate mutually; And to the width of cloth, mutually each the emission/receive path after the compensation carry out constant amplitude, etc. verify mutually; When confirming that checking is qualified, launch/the received beam shaping;
Said transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module, when being used for the calibration of off-line emission/receive path, the calibrating signal transmission channel between digital signal processing module and calibration frock; Link to each other with calibrating installation, be built into the calibration environment of each emission/receive path.
2. active antenna according to claim 1 is overcharged and is sent out the device of passage with step calibration, it is characterized in that said calibration frock is: 1 be divided into N power splitter or N select 1 switch arrays.
3. active antenna according to claim 1 and 2 is overcharged and is sent out the device of passage with step calibration, it is characterized in that, said digital signal processing module, be further used for constant amplitude, etc. verify mutually and again each emission/receive path calibrated when defective.
4. an active antenna is overcharged and is sent out the synchronous Calibration Method of passage, it is characterized in that this method comprises:
The width of cloth of detection calibration frock, differ, build the calibration environment of corresponding each the emission/receive path between transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module and calibrating installation;
The off-line width of cloth, the phase information of each emission/receive path gathered and stored to digital signal processing module; According to the width of cloth of calibration frock, differ with the width of cloth, the phase information of each emission/receive path of having stored each emission/receive path carried out the width of cloth, compensate mutually; To the width of cloth, mutually each the emission/receive path after the compensation carry out constant amplitude, etc. checking mutually, if verify qualifiedly, then launch/the received beam shaping.
5. active antenna according to claim 4 is overcharged and is sent out the synchronous Calibration Method of passage, it is characterized in that said calibration frock is: 1 be divided into N power splitter or N select 1 switch arrays.
6. active antenna according to claim 5 is overcharged and is sent out the synchronous Calibration Method of passage, it is characterized in that said calibration frock is switch arrays; And when each transmission channel is calibrated; The said calibration environment of building, the off-line width of cloth, the phase information of gathering and storing each passage are specially:
To calibrate corresponding the linking to each other of delivery outlet ANT1～ANTN of Port1～PortN port with the transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module of frock simultaneously, the PortN+1 port links to each other with the PRX CAL port of the feedback path of transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module;
Through the diverter switch array; Make the PortN+1 port of calibration frock successively link to each other with Port1～PortN port respectively; When gathering the width of cloth, the phase information of each road transmission channel, the equal transmitting calibration signal of testing source TSG among the digital processing element DPU in the digital signal processing module is after being handled by digital signal processing module; Each road transmission channel, power amplifier and duplexer in digital to analog converter DAC and transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module; Send feedback path to through the calibration frock, gather the width of cloth, the phase information of first to the N road transmission channel through feedback path, and be stored in the TX RAM module among the digital signal processing module DPU.
7. active antenna according to claim 5 is overcharged and is sent out the synchronous Calibration Method of passage, it is characterized in that said calibration frock is a power splitter; And when each transmission channel is calibrated; The said calibration environment of building, the off-line width of cloth, the phase information of gathering and storing each passage are specially:
Port1～PortN the port of calibration frock is corresponding continuous with the delivery outlet ANT1～ANTN of transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module, and the PortN+1 port links to each other with the PRX CAL port of the feedback path of transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module;
TSG transmitting calibration signal among the DPU; After the digital signal processing module processing; Each road transmission channel, power amplifier and duplexer in DAC and transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module; Send feedback path to through the calibration frock, gather the width of cloth, the phase information of each road transmission channel through feedback path, and be stored in the TX RAM module among the digital signal processing module DPU.
8. active antenna according to claim 5 is overcharged and is sent out the synchronous Calibration Method of passage, it is characterized in that said calibration frock is a power splitter; And when each receive path is calibrated; The said calibration environment of building, the off-line width of cloth, the phase information of gathering and storing each passage are specially:
Calibration frock Port1～PortN port links to each other with each delivery outlet ANT1～ANTN of transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module respectively; The PortN+1 port of calibration frock links to each other with signal generator; Signal generator produces calibrating signal; Give each road receive path via calibration frock merit branch; Each road of calibrating signal receives via duplexer, LNA LNA and receive path in the transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module, and the analog to digital converter ADC in the digital signal processing module, RX RAM module collection among the digital signal processing module DPU and amplitude, the phase information of storing each road receive path.
9. active antenna according to claim 5 is overcharged and is sent out the synchronous Calibration Method of passage, it is characterized in that said calibration frock is switch arrays; And when each receive path is calibrated; The said calibration environment of building, the off-line width of cloth, the phase information of gathering and storing each passage are specially:
Port1～PortN the port that to calibrate frock simultaneously links to each other with the delivery outlet ANT1～ANTN of transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module, and the PortN+1 port links to each other with signal generator;
Through the diverter switch array; Make the PortN+1 port of calibration frock successively link to each other with Port1～PortN port respectively, when gathering the width of cloth, the phase information of each road receive path, the DPU in the digital signal processing module all sends triggering TRIG signal to signal generator; And record TRIG signal significant instant; Signal generator produces calibrating signal after receiving the TRIG signal, and calibrating signal successively is input to first to the N road receive path via the calibration frock, via duplexer, LNA and the receive path in the transmitting-receiving radio-frequency module; And the ADC in the digital signal processing module, RX RAM module collection in the digital signal processing module and amplitude, the phase information of storing first to the N road receive path.
10. overcharge according to each described active antenna of claim 4 to 9 and send out the synchronous Calibration Method of passage, it is characterized in that this method also comprises:
If digital signal processing module to the constant amplitude of each emission/receive path, etc. verify defectively mutually, then again each emission/receive path is calibrated.
11. overcharge a synchronous Calibration Method of passage according to claim 6,7,8 or 9 described active antennas, it is characterized in that said calibrating signal is tone signal or band-limited signal.
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| PCT/CN2012/078510 WO2013123753A1 (en) | 2012-02-21 | 2012-07-11 | Device and method for synchronously calibrating multi-transmitting/receiving channel of active antenna |
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