CN103252585A - Laser cutting head and method for using laser cutting head to carry out small-hole machining - Google Patents

Laser cutting head and method for using laser cutting head to carry out small-hole machining Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103252585A
CN103252585A CN2013101802768A CN201310180276A CN103252585A CN 103252585 A CN103252585 A CN 103252585A CN 2013101802768 A CN2013101802768 A CN 2013101802768A CN 201310180276 A CN201310180276 A CN 201310180276A CN 103252585 A CN103252585 A CN 103252585A
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China
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cutting head
laser cutting
ball bearing
hollow cavity
fixed
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CN2013101802768A
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CN103252585B (en
Inventor
郭炜
肖磊
徐源波
李斌
赵建涛
褚志鹏
高云峰
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Shenzhen Hans Laser Technology Co Ltd
Han s Laser Technology Co Ltd
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Shenzhen Hans Laser Technology Co Ltd
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Publication of CN103252585A publication Critical patent/CN103252585A/en
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Abstract

The invention discloses a laser cutting head. The laser cutting head comprises a light path system, an adjusting system, a rotating system, a power system and a transmission system. The light path system comprises a reflecting lens assembly, a cavity body and a focus lens. An outgoing beam which is reflected by the reflecting lens assembly penetrates through the cavity body and the focus lens in sequence, and the focus lens is fixed in a hollow structure of one end, far away from the reflecting lens assembly, of the cavity body. The adjusting system is connected with the reflecting lens assembly, and is used for controlling outgoing beams to be close to or far away from an optical axis of the focus lens in a parallel mode. The rotating system comprises ball bearings, wherein the cavity body is fixed on the ball bearings. The power system is connected with the transmission system, and is used for driving the transmission system. The transmission system is connected with the cavity body, and is used for enabling the cavity body to rotate through the ball bearings. The laser cutting head can machine holes which are small in hole taper and good in roundness. The invention further provides a method for using the laser cutting head to carry out small-hole machining.

Description

Laser cutting head and use this laser cutting head to carry out the aperture method for processing
Technical field
The present invention relates to the laser drilling field, particularly relate to a kind of laser cutting head and use this laser cutting head to carry out the aperture method for processing.
Background technology
Along with the raising to the capillary processing quality requirement, traditional capillary processing method can not satisfy the requirement of capillary processing aspect ratio.And laser boring enjoys people to pay attention to owing to advantages such as having the low and complex art remarkable in economical benefits of efficient height, cost, and becomes a kind of drilling method of indispensable and extensive use in the capillary processing gradually.It is industrial that laser boring is widely used in IT member, Aero-Space etc.
When adopting laser micropore processing cutter sweep to carry out laser boring, laser cutting head is with high power density (10 8~10 15W/cm 2) laser beam export on to be processed the surface, thereby make to be processed of the laser beam impinge of high power density.Under the irradiation of the laser beam of high power density, to be processed material melts gradually and evaporates, thereby obtains and the sizable hole of lasing beam diameter.Above-mentioned laser boring method can satisfy general punching requirement, but there is the bigger problem of hole tapering in the hole that obtains, and can cause the bigger slag defective of bumping during punching, and is difficult to get the good hole of circularity.
Summary of the invention
Based on this, be necessary to provide a kind of less and circularity of tapering laser cutting head in hole preferably that can processing portals.
A kind of laser cutting head comprises light path system, regulating system, rotary system, dynamical system and transmission system;
Described light path system comprises reflecting optics assembly, hollow cavity and focus lamp, outgoing beam after described reflecting optics assembly reflection passes described hollow cavity and described focus lamp successively, and described focus lamp is fixed in the hollow structure of described hollow cavity away from described reflecting optics assembly one end;
Described regulating system is connected with described reflecting optics assembly, is used for the parallel close or parallel optical axis away from described focus lamp of the described outgoing beam of control;
Described rotary system comprises ball bearing, and described hollow cavity is fixed on the described ball bearing;
Described dynamical system is connected with described transmission system, is used for driving described transmission system;
Described transmission system is connected with described hollow cavity, is used for making described hollow cavity by described ball bearing rotation.
Among embodiment, described reflecting optics assembly comprises parallel first speculum that is oppositely arranged and second speculum therein, and described second speculum is connected with described regulating system.
Among embodiment, described laser cutting head also comprises the protection eyeglass therein, and described protection eyeglass is arranged on described rotary system near on the end of described reflecting optics assembly.
Therein among embodiment, the number of described ball bearing is two, be respectively first ball bearing and second ball bearing that relative spacing arranges, described first ball bearing is near described reflecting optics assembly, described hollow cavity one end is fixed on described first ball bearing, the other end is fixed on described second ball bearing, and protrudes from described second ball bearing; Described transmission system and described hollow cavity are connected with part between second ball bearing at described first ball bearing.
Therein among embodiment, described laser cutting head also comprises the blowing nozzle assembly with hollow structure, described blowing nozzle assembly comprises the air blowing base and is fixed in blowing nozzle on the air blowing base, described air blowing base is provided with groove away from a side of described blowing nozzle, and described groove is used for fixing described hollow cavity away from an end of described reflecting optics assembly.
Therein among embodiment, described dynamical system comprises fixed head and is fixed in motor on the described fixed head that described motor is connected with described transmission system.
Therein among embodiment, described transmission system comprise first belt wheel, second belt wheel and be coated on described first belt wheel and the second belt wheel belt wheel on annular belt, described first belt wheel is connected with described dynamical system, and described second belt wheel is fixed on the described hollow cavity.
Among embodiment, described laser cutting head also comprises housing therein, and described rotary system is fixed in the described housing, described hollow cavity away from a distal process of described reflecting optics assembly for described housing.
Among embodiment, described regulating system is amesdial therein.
Above-mentioned laser cutting head, adjust the ejaculation direction of laser beam by the reflecting optics assembly, outgoing beam after the reflection of reflecting optics assembly passes hollow cavity and focus lamp successively, and focus lamp is fixed in the hollow structure of hollow cavity away from reflecting optics assembly one end.And rotary system, dynamical system and transmission system are used, and drive hollow cavity and rotate by ball bearing, make the focus lamp that is fixed in the hollow cavity rotate.And regulating system can be so that the parallel close or parallel optical axis away from focus lamp of outgoing beam, make outgoing beam depart from displacement with respect to the optical axis generation of focus lamp, thereby the focal beam spot after making outgoing beam line focus mirror focus on carries out circular motion around optical axis, and then obtains having higher circularity and have hole than the aperture tapering.And can control the size that departs from displacement between outgoing beam and the optical axis by regulating system, and then can obtain the holes of different sizes.
The above-mentioned laser cutting head of a kind of use carries out the aperture method for processing, comprises the steps:
Workpiece is provided;
Adjust the position of described workpiece, make that the focal beam spot after described focus lamp focuses on is on the described workpiece position to be punched;
Regulate described regulating system, make and more described regulating system to be made zero outgoing beam after described reflecting optics assembly reflection and the light shaft coaxle of described condenser;
Pore size and formula L=(D-d)/2 according to hole to be processed regulate described regulating system, and wherein, L represents to need to regulate the size of described regulating system, and D represents the aperture in hole to be processed, and d is the diameter of focal beam spot, is 0.1 millimeter;
Laser cutting head moves to the position to be punched of described workpiece, and laser beam is provided, and opens described dynamical system, makes described dynamical system from turning around, and assists coaxial gas simultaneously, and then gets the hole in default aperture in the position to be punched of workpiece.
Said method technology is simple, processes the aperture that the aperture is 0.1~1mm easily, and the aperture that processing obtains has higher circularity and has less hole tapering.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the laser cutting head of an embodiment;
Fig. 2 is that laser cutting head among Fig. 1 is along the cutaway view of A-A line.
The specific embodiment
For the ease of understanding the present invention, below with reference to relevant drawings to laser cutting head of the present invention and use this laser cutting head to carry out the aperture method for processing to be described more fully.Provided preferred embodiment of the present invention in the accompanying drawing.But the present invention can realize with many different forms, be not limited to embodiment described herein.On the contrary, provide the purpose of these embodiment be make the understanding of disclosure of the present invention comprehensively thorough more.
Need to prove that when element is called as " being fixed in " another element, can directly can there be element placed in the middle in it on another element or also.When an element is considered to " connection " another element, it can be to be directly connected to another element or may to have element placed in the middle simultaneously.
Unless otherwise defined, the employed all technology of this paper are identical with the implication that belongs to those skilled in the art's common sense of the present invention with scientific terminology.Employed term is not intended to be restriction the present invention just in order to describe the purpose of specific embodiment in specification of the present invention herein.Term as used herein " and/or " comprise one or more relevant Listed Items arbitrarily with all combinations.
As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the laser cutting head 10 of an embodiment comprises light path system 100, regulating system 200, rotary system 300, dynamical system 400 and transmission system 500.Laser beam 20 transfers to workpiece 30 through laser cutting head 10 it is punched.
Light path system 100 comprises reflecting optics assembly 110, housing 120, protection eyeglass 130, hollow cavity 140, focus lamp 150 and blowing nozzle assembly 160.
In the present embodiment, described reflecting optics assembly 110 comprises first speculum 112 and second speculum, 114, the first speculums 112 and second speculum, 114 parallel being oppositely arranged, and first speculum 112 and second speculum 114 are 135 degree with horizontal plane angle.Second speculum 114 is fixed on the regulating system 200 by installing plate 116.Outgoing beam after 110 reflections of reflecting optics assembly passes protection eyeglass 130, hollow cavity 140, focus lamp 150 and blowing nozzle assembly 160 successively.Reflecting optics group 110 can be used for adjusting the exit direction of laser beam 20, is convenient to the overall construction design of laser cutting head 10, so that laser cutting head 10 more compact structure, volume is littler.Therefore, be appreciated that in other embodiments that described reflecting optics assembly 110 also can include only second speculum 114.
Housing 120 comprises integrated first housing parts 122 and second housing parts 124.First housing parts 122 is near reflecting optics assemblies 110, and first housing parts 122 be hollow structure, and hollow space is cylindrical, is used for transmitting laser beam 20.
Protection eyeglass 130 is fixed in rotary system 300 near on the end of reflecting optics assembly 110 by protection base 132.Protection eyeglass 130 and protection base 132 all are placed in first housing parts 122, and protection base 132 be hollow structure, and its hollow space is cylindrical, and cylindrical hollow internal diameter partly is identical with the internal diameter of the hollow structure of first housing parts 122.The main effect of protection eyeglass 130 is to prevent contamination by dust focus lamp 150.Therefore, be appreciated that in other embodiments, also can not protect eyeglass 130.
Rotary system 300 is fixed in second housing parts 124.In the present embodiment, rotary system 300 comprises the ball bearing that two relative spacings arrange, be respectively first ball bearing 310 and second ball bearing 320, first ball bearing 310 is near reflecting optics assembly 110, and first ball bearing 310 is near the surface of reflecting optics assembly 110 and the surperficial copline of second housing parts, 124 close reflecting optics assemblies 110.Second ball bearing 320 is away from reflecting optics assembly 110, and second ball bearing 320 is away from the surface of reflecting optics assembly 110 and the second housing parts 124 surperficial copline away from reflecting optics assembly 110.
Hollow cavity 140 is for having the cylinder of hollow structure, and the one end is fixed on first ball bearing 310, and the other end schedules on second ball bearing 320, and protrudes from second ball bearing 320.Thereby can make hollow cavity 140 by first ball bearing 310 and second ball bearing, 320 firm and stable rotation.Be appreciated that in other embodiments rotary system 300 can include only first ball bearing 310, hollow cavity 140 is got final product by 310 rotations of first ball bearing.
Focus lamp 150 is fixed in the hollow structure of hollow cavity 140 away from reflecting optics assembly 110 1 ends, and the straight line at focus lamp 150 focus places is the optical axis of focus lamp 150.In the present embodiment, for second housing parts 124, therefore, focus lamp 150 can be positioned within second housing parts 124 hollow cavity 110, also can be positioned at outside second housing parts 124 away from a distal process of reflecting optics assembly 110.In the present embodiment, focus lamp 150 is positioned at outside second housing parts 124, more is conducive to the replacing of focus lamp 150.
Blowing nozzle assembly 160 is hollow structure, does not influence the propagation of laser beam 20.Blowing nozzle assembly 160 comprises air blowing base 162 and is fixed in blowing nozzle 164 on the air blowing base 162.Offer groove 166 on the side of air blowing base 162 away from blowing nozzle 164, groove 166 is used for fixedly hollow cavity 140 away from an end of reflecting optics assembly 110, also be, hollow cavity 140 protrudes from an end of second housing parts 124, thereby makes blowing nozzle assembly 160 be fixed on the housing 120.Be appreciated that in other embodiments hollow cavity 140 also can not protrude from second housing parts 124, at this moment, blowing nozzle assembly 160 is directly fixed on second surface of housing parts 124 away from reflecting optics assembly 110 and gets final product.
Blowing nozzle 164 is used for deriving the laser beam after condenser 150 focuses on, simultaneously can be auxiliary with coaxial gas in the blowing nozzle 164, in order in time the material of the workpiece 30 that is vaporized by the laser is purged away, and then the hole tapering that can reduce to punch.Wherein, coaxial gas can be nitrogen, helium, argon gas etc.
Regulating system 200 is fixed on first housing parts 122, is used for the parallel close or parallel optical axis away from focus lamp 150 of the outgoing beam of control after 110 reflections of reflecting optics assembly.Thereby making the optical axis generation of laser beam 20 relative focus lamps 150 depart from displacement, also is the optical axis parallel interval setting of laser beam 20 and focus lamp 150.And then when hollow cavity 140 rotated, the focal beam spot after laser beam 20 line focus mirrors 150 focus on moved in a circle around optical axis.In addition, regulating system 200 can also make laser beam 20 coaxial, avoids laser beam 20 to disperse.
In the present embodiment, regulating system 200 is amesdial.Amesdial comprises adjusting rod 210 and the connector that has screw 220 that is connected with adjusting rod 210, and connector 220 is connected with installing plate 116.Move through connector 220 drive installing plates 116 by regulating adjusting rod 210, and then realization is to the control of second speculum 114.In embodiment, regulating system 200 is fixed in first housing parts 122.
Dynamical system 400 is connected with transmission system 500, is used for driving transmission system 500.In the present embodiment, dynamical system 400 comprises fixed head 410 and is fixed in motor 420 on the fixed head 410.Fixed head 410 runs through second housing parts 124 away from an end of motor 420 and is fixed on second housing parts 124, thereby makes that the overall structure of laser cutting head 10 is more succinct.
Transmission system 500 is connected with hollow cavity 140, is used for hollow cavity 140 is rotated by ball bearing.In the present embodiment, transmission system 500 comprise first belt wheel 510, second belt wheel 530 and be coated on first belt wheel 510 and second belt wheel 530 on annular belt 520.First belt wheel 510 is connected with dynamical system 400, second belt wheel 530 is fixed in hollow cavity 140 on the part between first ball bearing 310 and second ball bearing 320, thereby can realize that dynamical system 400 drives transmission system 500 and drives hollow cavity 140 by first ball bearing 310 and 320 rotations of second ball bearing, focal beam spot after making laser beam 20 line focus mirrors 150 focus on moves in a circle around optical axis, and then can realize laser boring, obtain having higher circularity and have hole than the aperture tapering.
Above-mentioned laser cutting head 10, adjust the ejaculation direction of laser beam 20 by reflecting optics assembly 110, outgoing beam after 110 reflections of reflecting optics assembly passes hollow cavity 140 and focus lamp 150 successively, and focus lamp 150 is fixed in the hollow structure of hollow cavity 140 away from reflecting optics assembly 110 1 ends.And rotary system 300, dynamical system 400 and transmission system 500 are used, and drive hollow cavity 140 by the ball bearing rotation, make the focus lamp 150 that is fixed in the hollow cavity 140 rotate.And regulating system 200 can be so that the parallel close or parallel optical axis away from focus lamp 150 of outgoing beam, make outgoing beam depart from displacement with respect to the optical axis generation of focus lamp 150, thereby the focal beam spot after making outgoing beam line focus mirror 150 focus on carries out circular motion around optical axis, and then obtains having higher circularity and have hole than the aperture tapering.And can be by the size that departs from displacement between regulating system 200 control outgoing beams and the optical axis, and then can obtain the holes of different sizes.
Use above-mentioned laser cutting head 10 to carry out the aperture method for processing, comprise the steps:
Step S110 provides workpiece 30;
Step S120 places the below of blowing nozzle 164 with workpiece 30, and blowing nozzle 164 needs and workpiece 30 vertical placements usually; Adjust the relative position of workpiece 30 and blowing nozzle 164 then, the focal beam spot after making line focus mirror 150 focus on is on workpiece 30 position to be punched.
Step S130 regulates regulating system 200, makes the light shaft coaxle of outgoing beam (laser beam 20) and condenser 150 after 110 reflections of reflecting optics assembly.Whether in blowing nozzle 164 centres, determine whether laser beam 20 is in coaxial state according to focal beam spot.Focal beam spot is coaxial in blowing nozzle 164 centres.After laser beam 20 is adjusted to coaxial state, again regulating system 200 is made zero.
Step S130 regulates regulating system 200 according to pore size and the formula L=(D-d)/2 in hole to be processed.Wherein, L represents to need to regulate the size of regulating system 200, and D need to represent the aperture of machining hole, and d is the diameter (for 0.1 millimeter of definite value) of focal beam spot.Processing the aperture with need is that 0.5 millimeter hole is example, and needing the size of adjusting regulating system 200 is 0.2 millimeter.According to formula as can be known, diameter is 0.1 millimeter focal beam spot, can process the minimum-value aperture and be 0.1 millimeter hole.Because the adjusting size that regulating system 200 can realize is limited, therefore, the size in the hole that can process also is conditional.In the present embodiment, the maximum aperture that can process is 1 millimeter hole.
Step S140, laser cutting head 10 move to the position to be punched of workpiece 30, open laser instrument, and the system 400 that turns on the power, make dynamical system 400 from turning around, assist coaxial gas simultaneously, and then get the hole in default aperture in the position to be punched of workpiece 30.
Said method technology is simple, processes the aperture that the aperture is 0.1~1mm easily, and the aperture that processing obtains has higher circularity and has less hole tapering.
The above embodiment has only expressed several embodiment of the present invention, and it describes comparatively concrete and detailed, but can not therefore be interpreted as the restriction to claim of the present invention.Should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.

Claims (10)

1. a laser cutting head is characterized in that, comprises light path system, regulating system, rotary system, dynamical system and transmission system;
Described light path system comprises reflecting optics assembly, hollow cavity and focus lamp, outgoing beam after described reflecting optics assembly reflection passes described hollow cavity and described focus lamp successively, and described focus lamp is fixed in the hollow structure of described hollow cavity away from described reflecting optics assembly one end;
Described regulating system is connected with described reflecting optics assembly, is used for the parallel close or parallel optical axis away from described focus lamp of the described outgoing beam of control;
Described rotary system comprises ball bearing, and described hollow cavity is fixed on the described ball bearing;
Described dynamical system is connected with described transmission system, is used for driving described transmission system;
Described transmission system is connected with described hollow cavity, is used for making described hollow cavity by described ball bearing rotation.
2. laser cutting head according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described reflecting optics assembly comprises parallel first speculum that is oppositely arranged and second speculum, and described second speculum is connected with described regulating system.
3. laser cutting head according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described laser cutting head also comprises the protection eyeglass, and described protection eyeglass is arranged on described rotary system near on the end of described reflecting optics assembly.
4. laser cutting head according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the number of described ball bearing is two, be respectively first ball bearing and second ball bearing that relative spacing arranges, described first ball bearing is near described reflecting optics assembly, described hollow cavity one end is fixed on described first ball bearing, and the other end is fixed on described second ball bearing, and protrudes from described second ball bearing; Described transmission system and described hollow cavity are connected with part between second ball bearing at described first ball bearing.
5. laser cutting head according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described laser cutting head also comprises the blowing nozzle assembly with hollow structure, described blowing nozzle assembly comprises the air blowing base and is fixed in blowing nozzle on the air blowing base, described air blowing base is provided with groove away from a side of described blowing nozzle, and described groove is used for fixing described hollow cavity away from an end of described reflecting optics assembly.
6. laser cutting head according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described dynamical system comprises fixed head and be fixed in motor on the described fixed head that described motor is connected with described transmission system.
7. laser cutting head according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described transmission system comprise first belt wheel, second belt wheel and be coated on described first belt wheel and the second belt wheel belt wheel on annular belt, described first belt wheel is connected with described dynamical system, and described second belt wheel is fixed on the described hollow cavity.
8. according to each described laser cutting head among the claim 1-7, it is characterized in that, described laser cutting head also comprises housing, and described rotary system is fixed in the described housing, described hollow cavity away from a distal process of described reflecting optics assembly for described housing.
9. according to each described laser cutting head among the claim 1-7, it is characterized in that described regulating system is amesdial.
10. each described laser cutting head carries out the aperture method for processing among a use such as the claim 1-9, it is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
Workpiece is provided;
Adjust the position of described workpiece, make that the focal beam spot after described focus lamp focuses on is on the described workpiece position to be punched;
Regulate described regulating system, make and more described regulating system to be made zero outgoing beam after described reflecting optics assembly reflection and the light shaft coaxle of described condenser;
Pore size and formula L=(D-d)/2 according to hole to be processed regulate described regulating system, and wherein, L represents to need to regulate the size of described regulating system, and D represents the aperture in hole to be processed, and d is the diameter of focal beam spot, is 0.1 millimeter;
Laser cutting head moves to the position to be punched of described workpiece, and laser beam is provided, and opens described dynamical system, makes described dynamical system from turning around, and assists coaxial gas simultaneously, and then gets the hole in default aperture in the position to be punched of workpiece.
CN201310180276.8A 2013-05-15 2013-05-15 Laser cutting head and use this laser cutting head to carry out the method for little hole machined Active CN103252585B (en)

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Cited By (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105904105A (en) * 2016-05-25 2016-08-31 广东工业大学 Laser drilling device and method capable of improving hole taper
CN106312328A (en) * 2015-07-07 2017-01-11 王爱华 Laser cutting device
CN111992874A (en) * 2020-09-22 2020-11-27 山东钢铁集团日照有限公司 Method for adjusting laser light path of laser welding machine
CN112059409A (en) * 2020-08-31 2020-12-11 深圳泰德激光科技有限公司 Laser drilling device
CN114939718A (en) * 2022-06-30 2022-08-26 广东利元亨技术有限公司 Laser marking device

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CN102554465A (en) * 2012-02-08 2012-07-11 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所 Rotary optical design applied to laser machining
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CN2488635Y (en) * 2001-08-02 2002-05-01 上海工程技术大学 Water cooling and airflow protector in laser intensifying processor for surface of inner bore
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106312328A (en) * 2015-07-07 2017-01-11 王爱华 Laser cutting device
CN105904105A (en) * 2016-05-25 2016-08-31 广东工业大学 Laser drilling device and method capable of improving hole taper
CN105904105B (en) * 2016-05-25 2020-05-26 广东工业大学 Laser drilling device and method for improving hole taper
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CN112059409B (en) * 2020-08-31 2022-06-21 深圳泰德激光技术股份有限公司 Laser drilling device
CN111992874A (en) * 2020-09-22 2020-11-27 山东钢铁集团日照有限公司 Method for adjusting laser light path of laser welding machine
CN114939718A (en) * 2022-06-30 2022-08-26 广东利元亨技术有限公司 Laser marking device
CN114939718B (en) * 2022-06-30 2024-02-13 广东舜元激光科技有限公司 Laser scribing device

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