CN103244179B - Evaluation method for predicting coal mine underground impact mine pressure danger - Google Patents
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
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- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003325 tomography Methods 0.000 claims description 10
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Abstract
An evaluation method for predicting the underground impact mine pressure danger of a coal mine belongs to the evaluation method for predicting the impact mine pressure danger. And dividing the impact mine pressure danger degree into an A-grade non-impact mine pressure danger, a B-grade weak impact mine pressure danger, a C-grade medium impact mine pressure danger and a D-grade strong impact mine pressure danger, and formulating corresponding prevention measures. And comprehensively analyzing and evaluating the weight of the influence of geological factors and mining factors on the impact mine pressure in the mining area, respectively calculating the risk indexes of the geological factors and the mining factors, taking the maximum value of the risk indexes as the final impact mine pressure risk comprehensive index, and determining the impact mine pressure risk level, state and prevention and control strategy of the mining area according to the maximum value. Analyzing and evaluating geological factors by a comprehensive index method, wherein the geological factors comprise the occurrence history of the impact mine pressure, the mining depth and the distance between a hard thick-layer rock stratum in an overlying fracture zone and a coal bed; mining factors include the degree of pressure relief of the protective layer, the horizontal distance of the working face from the coal pillars left after the upper protective layer is mined, and the relationship between the working face and the adjacent goaf.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of appraisal procedure predicting Hazards of Rock Burst, particularly the appraisal procedure of Hazards of Rock Burst under a kind of forecasting coal mine.
Background technology
Along with the increasing gradually of China's pit mining degree of depth and limit of mining, the coal rock dynamic disaster taking impulsion pressure as representative is more and more serious, this dynamic disaster by the elastic energy that accumulates in coal and rock with suddenly, sharply, fierce form release, cause coal and rock vibration limits, coal petrography is thrown to roadway by power, send the strong sound, cause support and equipment, the destruction of roadway and the injures and deaths etc. of personnel, impulsion pressure has paroxysmal feature, is usually difficult to predict its when and where occurred in advance.Research at present for impulsion pressure mainly concentrates on three research aspects, and one is the research of impulsion pressure (rock burst) genesis mechanism; Two is that Hazards of Rock Burst is assessed, the research of supervision and forecast forecasting technique; Three is the research of impulsion pressure control measures.Wherein, the mechanism that impulsion pressure occurs is prediction and the basis of taking prophylactico-therapeutic measures, and the forecast of assessment of risks, supervision and forecast is then the key link of preventing and treating disaster generation.
But, for a certain production zone the need of taking or needing which kind of monitoring and forecasting forecast and control measure, then need to assess this region in advance whether there is the danger of generation impulsion pressure or which kind of Hazards of Rock Burst grade there is, but the reason that impulsion pressure occurs is complicated, influence factor is numerous and often kind of factor is different to the influence degree of Hazards of Rock Burst, some or certain the several factor of simple analysis often causes partially to cover complete or misses the consequence of principal element, or hold inaccurate to the influence degree of a certain factor, thus cause the inaccurate of analysis result, only has the major influence factors by analyzing and screen Hazards of Rock Burst, and determine the reasonable weighing factor of these factors, then integrated and analyzed, the predictablity rate of Hazards of Rock Burst could be improved, Preventing Countermeasures is targetedly formulated again according to different Hazards of Rock Burst hierarchical level, thus reach the object effectively instructing impulsion pressure disaster monitoring and improvement.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide the appraisal procedure of Hazards of Rock Burst under a kind of forecasting coal mine, solve impulsion pressure occurrence cause complicated, influence factor is numerous and often kind of factor is different to the influence degree of Hazards of Rock Burst, causes the inaccurate problem of analysis result.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: risk degree of pressure bump is divided into A level without Hazards of Rock Burst, the weak Hazards of Rock Burst of B level, the pressure danger of C level medium impact ore deposit and dangerous 4 grades of D level thump ore deposit pressure and state by the method, and formulates corresponding Preventing Countermeasures according to different Hazards of Rock Burst grade and state; With mining class factor, the weight made a difference is pressed to impact ore deposit by the Geology of composite index law analysis and evaluation production zone, calculate both hazard indexs respectively, and the maximum value of getting wherein is as final Hazards of Rock Burst composite index, determines the Hazards of Rock Burst grade of production zone, state and Preventing Countermeasures according to this;
For given a certain production zone, a kind of composite index law of Hazards of Rock Burst assessment, comprises following step:
(1) analyze Geology influence factor, determine each self-corresponding weighing factor, calculate the Hazards of Rock Burst index W of Geology factor impact
t1;
(2) analyze mining class influence factor, determine each self-corresponding weighing factor, calculate the Hazards of Rock Burst index W of mining class factor impact
t2;
(3) W is compared
t1and W
t2, selection large value is wherein as final Hazards of Rock Burst composite index W
t;
(4) according to W
tthe interval be located, determines the Hazards of Rock Burst grade of production zone, state and Preventing Countermeasures.
Described Geology influence factor comprises: (1) impulsion pressure generation history; (2) mining depth; (3) hard and thick stratum is apart from the distance in coal seam; (4) roof strata thickness characteristics parameter; (5) tectonic stress; (6) uniaxial compressive strength of coal; (7) elastic energy index of coal.
Described mining class influence factor comprises: the release degree of (1) topping; (2) work plane exploits the horizontal range of the coal column left over apart from up-protective layer; (3) work plane and the relation of closing on goaf; (4) face length; (5) section coal pillar width; (6) to keep on file coal thickness; (7) to the tunnel of goaf driving, the distance of digging position and goaf is stopped; (8) work plane advanced to goaf, stops the distance of adopting line and goaf; (9) work plane that the tomography being greater than 3m to drop advances or tunnel, work plane or meet head on and the distance of tomography; (10) to the work plane advanced to oblique or anticline or the tunnel of seam inclination acute variation (> 15 °), work plane or the distance of meeting head on it; (11) corrode, close work plane or the tunnel of layer or the propelling of varied in thickness part to coal seam, the distance of Approaching Coal Seam changing unit.
Described Geology influence factor and mining class influence factor, by each factor to the hazard index of impulsion pressure dangerous influence degree according to being decided to be 0 from low to high, 1,2,3.
The Hazards of Rock Burst index W of described Geology factor impact
t1with the Hazards of Rock Burst index W of mining class factor impact
t2defining method be respectively actual for respective each factor corresponding hazard index value is added, and divided by each self-corresponding the greatest danger index sum.
Described Hazards of Rock Burst composite index [0,1] interval with 0.25 for interval, be divided into 4 numerical value sections, corresponding A level is dangerous respectively from low to high, B level is dangerous, C level is dangerous and 4 danger classess of D level danger and state.
The different weights of each influence factor, owing to have employed such scheme, have been carried out quantitative mark by beneficial effect, and namely when the weighing factor of all factors all gets maximum value 3, will obtain Hazards of Rock Burst composite index is 1, namely impulsion pressure occurs; When the weighing factor of all factors all gets minimum value 0, will obtain Hazards of Rock Burst composite index is 0, namely impulsion pressure can not occur; Because the comprehensive analysis and evaluation Geology of the present invention and mining class factor press to impact ore deposit the weight made a difference, and be 1 and i.e. composite index does not occur is that the means adopting probability interval to divide prediction between 0 process in impulsion pressure generation and composite index, therefore the possibility size of measurable impulsion pressure generation, can predict mine, exploiting field, work plane or roadway bump ore deposit pressure danger in advance, determine Hazards of Rock Burst grade and the Preventing Countermeasures of production zone.
Advantage: this appraisal procedure is passed through analysis, screens, considered that Geology and the multiple factor of mining class are on the impact of Hazards of Rock Burst, and compared with the way only considering single or several factor with other, analysis is more comprehensive, reasonable; Secondly, give respective respective weights by each factor according to its Different Effects degree, achieve risk degree of pressure bump computability and can quantification; By Hazards of Rock Burst grade classification be 4 grades make and provide the way of respective corresponding Preventing Countermeasures simultaneously, adopt than ever have impact and shock-free two-stage system, without clear and definite Preventing Countermeasures way more in detail and reasonable, the more pointed and validity of erosion control work can be made.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1: risk degree of pressure bump is divided into A level without Hazards of Rock Burst, the weak Hazards of Rock Burst of B level, the pressure danger of C level medium impact ore deposit and dangerous 4 grades of D level thump ore deposit pressure and state by the method, and formulates corresponding Preventing Countermeasures according to different Hazards of Rock Burst grade and state; With mining class factor, the weight made a difference is pressed to impact ore deposit by the Geology of composite index law analysis and evaluation production zone, calculate both hazard indexs respectively, and the maximum value of getting wherein is as final Hazards of Rock Burst composite index, determines the Hazards of Rock Burst grade of production zone, state and Preventing Countermeasures according to this.
The Geology factor of composite index law analysis and evaluation comprise impulsion pressure generation history, mining depth and on cover 7 factors that hard and thick stratum in fissure zone affects apart from the Geology in coal seam; Mining class factor comprises the horizontal range that the release degree of topping, work plane exploit the coal column left over apart from up-protective layer and the mining class making face and the relation of closing on goaf affects 11 factors.
For given a certain production zone, a kind of composite index law of Hazards of Rock Burst assessment, comprises following step:
(1) analyze Geology influence factor, determine each self-corresponding weighing factor, calculate the Hazards of Rock Burst index W of Geology factor impact
t1;
(2) analyze mining class influence factor, determine each self-corresponding weighing factor, calculate the Hazards of Rock Burst index W of mining class factor impact
t2;
(3) W is compared
t1and W
t2, selection large value is wherein as final Hazards of Rock Burst composite index W
t;
(4) according to W
tthe interval be located, determines the Hazards of Rock Burst grade of production zone, state and Preventing Countermeasures.
Described Geology influence factor comprises: (1) impulsion pressure generation history; (2) mining depth; (3) hard and thick stratum is apart from the distance in coal seam; (4) roof strata thickness characteristics parameter; (5) tectonic stress; (6) uniaxial compressive strength of coal; (7) elastic energy index of coal.
Described mining class influence factor comprises: the release degree of (1) topping; (2) work plane exploits the horizontal range of the coal column left over apart from up-protective layer; (3) work plane and the relation of closing on goaf; (4) face length; (5) section coal pillar width; (6) to keep on file coal thickness; (7) to the tunnel of goaf driving, the distance of digging position and goaf is stopped; (8) work plane advanced to goaf, stops the distance of adopting line and goaf; (9) work plane that the tomography being greater than 3m to drop advances or tunnel, work plane or meet head on and the distance of tomography; (10) to the work plane advanced to oblique or anticline or the tunnel of seam inclination acute variation (> 15 °), work plane or the distance of meeting head on it; (11) corrode, close work plane or the tunnel of layer or the propelling of varied in thickness part to coal seam, the distance of Approaching Coal Seam changing unit.
Described Geology influence factor and mining class influence factor, by each factor to the hazard index of impulsion pressure dangerous influence degree according to being decided to be 0 from low to high, 1,2,3.
The Hazards of Rock Burst index W of described Geology factor impact
t1with the Hazards of Rock Burst index W of mining class factor impact
t2defining method be respectively actual for respective each factor corresponding hazard index value is added, and divided by each self-corresponding the greatest danger index sum.
Described Hazards of Rock Burst composite index [0,1] interval with 0.25 for interval, be divided into 4 numerical value sections, corresponding A level is dangerous respectively from low to high, B level is dangerous, C level is dangerous and 4 danger classess of D level danger and state.
Concrete:
1, the screening of impulsion pressure major influence factors
Impulsion pressure influence factor is numerous, have geology, mining with organization and administration aspect, cast aside the impact of organization and administration factor, in Geology factor, if once there is overbump ore deposit pressure in certain mine, then can show that this mine possesses the sufficient and necessary condition that impulsion pressure occurs, frequency is more, then Hazards of Rock Burst is higher; Mining depth is larger, then surrouding rock stress level and Hazards of Rock Burst higher; On to cover hard and thick stratum in fissure zone nearer apart from the distance in coal seam, then during movement of roof fracture, the impact of vibrations on impulsion pressure of generation is larger; Above coal seam, 100m scope roof strata thickness characteristics is more obvious, then store and discharge elasticity can ability stronger, larger on the impact of Hazards of Rock Burst; The stress increment caused is constructed higher in production zone, larger on the impact of impulsion pressure; The uniaxial compressive strength of coal is higher, and the integrality of coal body is better, the easier impact failure of coal body; The elastic energy index of coal is larger, and the ability intensity that is stronger, impact failure of its storage elasticity energy is larger.In mining class factor, if carry out protective coat extracted in advance, can reduce Hazards of Rock Burst, if the release degree of topping is higher, then Hazards of Rock Burst is lower; If the coal column lower zone exploitation left over up-protective layer exploitation, then from coal column horizontal range more close to, then Hazards of Rock Burst is higher; If work plane is entity coal work plane, then lower than the work plane Hazards of Rock Burst closing on goaf, if be island working face, Hazards of Rock Burst is high; If face length is too small, the concentrated stress superposition that two ends turning coal column can be caused to produce, causes Hazards of Rock Burst to rise; If section coal pillar width stays and establishes unreasonable, then can produce the situation that stress excessively raises, increase Hazards of Rock Burst; If ground coal is left in tunnel, then can produce end distension impact failure under the effect of horizontal stress; When tunnel, work plane to goaf, tomography, to oblique, anticline, coal seam corrode, close layer or varied in thickness region driving or back production time, superposing of advance support stress and edge, goaf concentrated stress or tectonic stress can be caused, the danger of impulsion pressure will be increased.
By above-mentioned analysis, screen the principal element that 7 Geology factors and 11 mining class factors affect as Hazards of Rock Burst altogether.They are respectively: (one) Geology factor: (1) impulsion pressure generation history; (2) mining depth; (3) hard and thick stratum is apart from the distance in coal seam; (4) roof strata thickness characteristics parameter; (5) tectonic stress; (6) uniaxial compressive strength of coal; (7) elastic energy index of coal; (2) mining class factor: the release degree of (1) topping; (2) work plane exploits the horizontal range of the coal column left over apart from up-protective layer; (3) work plane and the relation of closing on goaf; (4) face length; (5) section coal pillar width; (6) to keep on file coal thickness; (7) to the tunnel of goaf driving, the distance of digging position and goaf is stopped; (8) work plane advanced to goaf, stops the distance of adopting line and goaf; (9) work plane that the tomography being greater than 3m to drop advances or tunnel, work plane or meet head on and the distance of tomography; (10) to the work plane advanced to oblique or anticline or the tunnel of seam inclination acute variation (> 15 °), work plane or the distance of meeting head on it; (11) corrode, close work plane or the tunnel of layer or the propelling of varied in thickness part to coal seam, the distance of Approaching Coal Seam changing unit.
2, the weight of impulsion pressure influence factor
By on the basis to lot of accident data statistic analysis, the influence degree of each influence factor to impulsion pressure under different occurrence condition is divided into 4 grades, defining hazard index is respectively 0,1,2,3, index is higher, show that the impact of this factor on Hazards of Rock Burst is larger, wherein, " 0 " represents not to be affected impulsion pressure, and " 1 " represents that influence degree is weak, " 2 " represent that influence degree is medium, and " 3 " represent that influence degree is strong.The Hazards of Rock Burst exponential case of Geology factor and the impact of mining class factor as shown in Table 1 and Table 2.
3, the determination of Hazards of Rock Burst composite index
According to each influence factor to 4 of impulsion pressure influence degree grades of division principles, actual for the analytic target Geology factor had and mining class factor are got respective value respectively, then Geology factor and mining class actual value that factor is got are added respectively, obtain 2 hazard index summations, use
represent, wherein, n=7,11; Again the greatest exponential value of 7 Geology factors and 11 mining class factor difference correspondences is added, obtains the greatest danger index, use
represent, wherein, n=7,11.Finally by Geology factor and mining class factor actual danger index summation divided by each self-corresponding the greatest danger index sum, the Hazards of Rock Burst index W of Geology factor and the impact of mining class factor can be obtained
t1and W
t2, be respectively:
From full angle content to retain sovereignty over a part of the country, for the production zone analyzed or object, the Hazards of Rock Burst composite index W finally determined
tshould be the maximum value in both, that is:
W
t＝max{W
t1,W
2}
4, the division of Hazards of Rock Burst grade, state and Preventing Countermeasures
The prediction essence that impulsion pressure disaster occurs is the estimation to probability of happening size, that prediction impulsion pressure should be given up occur or the two-stage system way with absolutization does not occur, for ease of instructing the enforcement of erosion control measure, Hazards of Rock Burst is divided horizontally into 4 grades and state by the present invention, be respectively A level dangerous without Hazards of Rock Burst, the weak Hazards of Rock Burst of B level, the pressure danger of C level medium impact ore deposit and D level thump ore deposit pressure, and take different Preventing Countermeasures according to different danger classess and state.According to above-mentioned to Hazards of Rock Burst composite index W
tcomputational analysis, can find out that its interval should be [0,1], therefore, with 0.25 for interval, by W
tbe divided into 4 numerical value sections, and corresponding 4 danger classess of difference and state, final Hazards of Rock Burst composite index, grade, state and the Preventing Countermeasures formed is as shown in table 3.
For given a certain production zone, the first step first analyzes geological conditions, determine Geology influence factor listed in its table 1 had and the occurrence condition of each factor reality, and determine each self-corresponding weighing factor, then calculate the Hazards of Rock Burst index W of Geology factor impact
t1; Second step analyzes mining condition, determines mining class influence factor listed in its table 2 had and the occurrence condition of each factor reality, and determine each self-corresponding weighing factor, then calculates the Hazards of Rock Burst index W of mining class factor impact
t2, the 3rd step compares W
t1and W
t2, selection large value is wherein as final Hazards of Rock Burst composite index W
t, the 4th step determines W according to table 3
tthe interval be located, and determine Hazards of Rock Burst grade, state and Preventing Countermeasures according to this.
Below for certain exploiting field in certain ore deposit, composite index law is adopted to determine the Preventing Countermeasures that the Hazards of Rock Burst composite index in this exploiting field, grade, state and needs are taked.
By analyzing the geological conditions in this exploiting field, the Geology factor of impulsion pressure impact is mainly contained: mining depth (900 ~ 1000m), on cover the physical mechanics attribute (uniaxial compressive strength is greater than 20Mpa, and elastic energy index is greater than 5) of the geological structures (there is tectonic stress increment) such as hard and thick stratum (be 86 apart from the distance in coal seam, top plate thickness characteristic ginseng value), tomography, coal.According to table 1, through calculating the Hazards of Rock Burst index W affected by Geology factor
t1=0.76, be shown in Table 4.
By analyzing the mining condition in this exploiting field, the mining class factor of impulsion pressure impact is mainly contained: work plane closes on goaf (there will be side and adopt empty work plane), face length (200 ~ 270m), coal pillar width (5m), adopts, digs the position relationship (tunnel, work plane need passing fault, synclinal structure district and Coal Seam Thickness Change region) of work plane and structure realm.According to table 2, through calculating the Hazards of Rock Burst index W affected by mining class factor
t1=0.67, be shown in Table 5.
Calculate certain exploiting field Hazards of Rock Burst composite index W
t=max{W
t1, W
2}=0.76, according to table 3, finally determines that this exploiting field Hazards of Rock Burst grade and state are that D level thump ore deposit pressure is dangerous, needs, with reference to shown in table 3, to press dangerous exploiting field to manage according to thump ore deposit, and take corresponding impulsion pressure Preventing Countermeasures.
Table 1 represents the Hazards of Rock Burst Index Assessment table that Geology factor affects; Table 2 represents the Hazards of Rock Burst Index Assessment table of mining class factor impact; Table 3 represents Hazards of Rock Burst composite index, grade, state and Preventing Countermeasures table.
The Hazards of Rock Burst Index Assessment table of table 1 Geology factor impact
Table 2 dig up mine class factor impact Hazards of Rock Burst Index Assessment table
Table 3 Hazards of Rock Burst composite index, grade, state and Preventing Countermeasures table
The Hazards of Rock Burst Index Assessment table of certain exploiting field Geology factor impact of table 4
The Hazards of Rock Burst Index Assessment table of certain exploiting field of table 5 mining class factor impact
Claims (1)
1. the appraisal procedure of Hazards of Rock Burst under a forecasting coal mine, it is characterized in that: risk degree of pressure bump is divided into A level without Hazards of Rock Burst, the weak Hazards of Rock Burst of B level, the pressure danger of C level medium impact ore deposit and dangerous 4 grades of D level thump ore deposit pressure and state, and formulates corresponding Preventing Countermeasures according to different Hazards of Rock Burst grade and state; With mining class influence factor, the weight made a difference is pressed to impact ore deposit by the Geology influence factor of composite index law analysis and evaluation production zone, calculate both hazard indexs respectively, and the maximum value of getting wherein is as final Hazards of Rock Burst composite index, determines the Hazards of Rock Burst grade of production zone, state and Preventing Countermeasures according to this;
For given a certain production zone, a kind of composite index law of Hazards of Rock Burst assessment, comprises following step:
(1) analyze Geology influence factor, determine each self-corresponding weighing factor, calculate the Hazards of Rock Burst index of Geology influence factor impact
w t1
;
(2) analyze mining class influence factor, determine each self-corresponding weighing factor, calculate the Hazards of Rock Burst index of mining class influence factor impact
w t2
;
(3) compare
w t1
with
w t2
, selection large value is wherein as final Hazards of Rock Burst composite index
w t ;
(4) basis
w t the interval be located, determines the Hazards of Rock Burst grade of production zone, state and Preventing Countermeasures;
Described Geology influence factor comprises: (1) impulsion pressure generation history; (2) mining depth; (3) hard and thick stratum is apart from the distance in coal seam; (4) roof strata thickness characteristics parameter; (5) tectonic stress; (6) uniaxial compressive strength of coal; (7) elastic energy index of coal;
Described mining class influence factor comprises: the release degree of (1) topping; (2) work plane exploits the horizontal range of the coal column left over apart from up-protective layer; (3) work plane and the relation of closing on goaf; (4) face length; (5) section coal pillar width; (6) to keep on file coal thickness; (7) to the tunnel of goaf driving, the distance of digging position and goaf is stopped; (8) work plane advanced to goaf, stops the distance of adopting line and goaf; (9) work plane that the tomography being greater than 3m to drop advances or tunnel, work plane or meet head on and the distance of tomography; (10) to the work plane advanced to oblique or anticline or the tunnel of seam inclination acute variation > 15 °, work plane or meet head on and the distance in coal seam; (11) corrode, close work plane or the tunnel of layer or the propelling of varied in thickness part to coal seam, the distance of Approaching Coal Seam changing unit.
2. the appraisal procedure of Hazards of Rock Burst under a kind of forecasting coal mine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described Geology influence factor and mining class influence factor, by each factor to the hazard index of impulsion pressure dangerous influence degree according to being decided to be 0 from low to high, 1,2,3.
3. the appraisal procedure of Hazards of Rock Burst under a kind of forecasting coal mine according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the Hazards of Rock Burst index of described Geology influence factor impact
w t1
with the Hazards of Rock Burst index of mining class influence factor impact
w t2
defining method be respectively actual for respective each factor corresponding hazard index value is added, and divided by each self-corresponding the greatest danger index sum.
4. the appraisal procedure of Hazards of Rock Burst under a kind of forecasting coal mine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described Hazards of Rock Burst composite index is [0,1] interval with 0.25 for interval, be divided into 4 numerical value sections, corresponding A level presses 4 dangerous danger classess and state without Hazards of Rock Burst, the weak Hazards of Rock Burst of B level, the pressure danger of C level medium impact ore deposit and D level thump ore deposit respectively from low to high.
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