CN104406626B - Laser vibration measurement-based impact ground pressure danger zone early warning method - Google Patents
Laser vibration measurement-based impact ground pressure danger zone early warning method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104406626B CN104406626B CN201410617623.3A CN201410617623A CN104406626B CN 104406626 B CN104406626 B CN 104406626B CN 201410617623 A CN201410617623 A CN 201410617623A CN 104406626 B CN104406626 B CN 104406626B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the ground pressure monitoring system technical field and relates to a laser vibration measurement-based impact ground pressure danger zone early warning method. According to the method of the invention, a laser vibration measurement device is embedded in a roadway anchoring rod and is utilized to monitor parameter abnormal situations of stress, displacement and spectrum of surrounding rocks, so that impact ground pressure can be monitored. Compared with the prior art, the laser vibration measurement-based impact ground pressure danger zone early warning method of the invention, adopting laser to monitor data, has the advantages of small energy loss, little interference and small error, and can monitor the stress and displacement of roadway surrounding rocks, and can accurately monitor impact ground pressure in real time; the laser vibration measurement-based impact ground pressure danger zone early warning method further has the advantages of reliable operation, electromagnetic interference resistance and wide dynamic range under flammable and explosive environments; and laser vibration measurement adopted in the method is an important non-contact nondestructive measurement technology, and therefore, the method also has the advantages of high economical efficiency and high applicability, and can accurately monitor the impact ground pressure of a mine in real time and can assist in effectively reducing the loss of lives and properties of mine workers.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ground pressure monitoring systems technology field, more particularly to a kind of bump danger based on vibration measurement with laser
Area's method for early warning.
Background technology
In recent years, with the development of national economy, the demand of coal is also increasing, and east coal resources are exploited in a large number,
Superficial part resourse-depleting, mining is caused to face two developing direction：In east, mining to deep is developed, and exploits more
Coal resources, the thing followed is the complexity of geological conditions, and mine disaster increases, especially bump, seriously
Affect the security of mining；Western coal resource is more, and buried depth is shallow, but western complex geologic conditions, seam inclination
Larger, roof mostly is the unstable formations such as Sandy Silt, it is easy to induce bump.Pressure in coal and rock exceedes coal
The strength degree of rock mass, accumulates in the energy around tunnel or stope in coal and rock and discharges suddenly, and blast sexual behavior occurs in roadway
Therefore, coal petrography is thrown to tunnel by power, is simultaneously emitted by the violent sound, be it is a kind of exploitation induction Mine Earthquakes, even more a kind of disaster,
Roadway destruction, casualties, above ground structure destruction are not only caused, can also cause gas, coal-dust explosion and floods, interference is logical
Wind system, seriously threatens the production safety in colliery.The abnormal conditions of country rock frequency spectrum parameter directly early warning bump can be sent out
Raw, traditional Microseismic monitoring system is that vibration signal is recorded using oscillation ring, and energy loss is big, and interference is big, cause error compared with
Greatly；And using circuit come transmission data, loss is big, and interference is big.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of bump hazardous area method for early warning based on vibration measurement with laser, to reach punching
System rejection to disturbance ability is big when system capacity consumes less, monitoring when hitting ground pressure monitoring and the bump ginseng that guarantees to monitor
The less purpose of number signal errors.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of bump hazardous area method for early warning based on vibration measurement with laser,
Using being embedded in vibration measurement with laser device in roadway bolt, by the stress of vibration measurement with laser device monitoring country rock, displacement, frequency spectrum it is each
Individual abnormal parameters situation, bump is monitored with this, and the method is comprised the following steps：
1) the vibration wave parameter comparison received using source wave form parameter and laser acquisition head can draw impact shock
The propagation attenuation situation of ripple, draws the physical and mechanical parameter of country rock then, is determined the propagation attenuation of impact shock ripple and is enclosed with this
Relation between rock physico mechanical characteristic；
2) three-dimensional monitoring is carried out to tunnel by vibration measurement with laser using multiple Monitor Sub-Station of Less, obtains answering for country rock vibrations
Power, displacement, the data of frequency spectrum parameters signal, and gather those parameter signal data with data collecting card；
3) and then using optical fiber data collecting card is gathered stress, displacement, the frequency spectrum parameters signal of country rock vibrations
Data transfer is to ground host machine；
4) surrouding rock stress, displacement, the isoparametric abnormal conditions of frequency spectrum, ground master are obtained finally by ground host machine analysis
Machine connecting multi-channel oscillograph, the multichannel oscillograph shows in real time surrouding rock stress, displacement, the exception of frequency spectrum parameters
Situation, real-time early warning bump.
Preferably, laser acquisition head (2) place produces a high-frequency carrier signal, and the high-frequency carrier signal passes through country rock
It is reflected into vibration wave and is received by laser acquisition head (2), the high-frequency carrier signal is by laser head on laser acquisition head (2)
The He-Ne Lasers for emitting.
Preferably, by gathering country rock sample, artificial excitation's vibration wave, outside experiment determines that the propagation of impact shock ripple declines
Subtract and the relation between country rock physico mechanical characteristic.
Preferably, by the way that vibration measurement with laser device is in tunnel build-in test and determines the propagation attenuation and country rock of impact shock ripple
Relation between physico mechanical characteristic.
Preferably, the vibration measurement with laser adopts heterodyne interferometry, obtains mechanical vibration performance or transient motion process, passes through
The auxiliary of one bragg cell, produces a high-frequency carrier signal at laser acquisition head, impinges upon in target, and obtains reflection
Light, by the demodulation of the frequency shift signal to Doppler effect, draws the vibration velocity of target.
Preferably, the vibration measurement with laser is the one kind in light intensity vibration measuring method, holography method and optical fiber and MEMS vibration measuring methods.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
1st, the present invention utilizes laser to Monitoring Data, and energy loss is little, disturbs little, and error is little, and can monitor tunnel and enclose
The stress of rock and displacement, can accurately monitor in real time bump；
2nd, a kind of bump hazardous area method for early warning based on vibration measurement with laser of the invention can be in inflammable and explosive ring
Reliability service, electromagnetism interference, dynamic range are big under border, and the vibration measurement with laser for adopting is a kind of important contactless lossless
E measurement technology, good economy performance, applicability is high, is capable of the bump of accurate monitoring mine in real time, effectively reduces mine
Workman's Loss of Life and property.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the scene photo for implementing the present invention based on the bump hazardous area method for early warning of vibration measurement with laser；
Fig. 2 is the vibration measurement with laser schematic diagram of heterodyne interferometry.
1- roadway bolts, 2- laser acquisition heads, 3- data collecting cards, 4- optical fiber, 5- ground host machines.
Specific embodiment
Such as Fig. 1, the technical scheme is that what is be achieved in that：A kind of bump hazardous area based on vibration measurement with laser is pre-
Alarm method, using the embedded vibration measurement with laser device in roadway bolt 1, wherein, the vibration measurement with laser device includes laser acquisition head
2, data collecting card 3, the connection data collecting card 3 of the laser acquisition 2, the data collecting card 3 is located in roadway bolt 1,
Optical fiber 4 is placed with inside the roadway bolt 1, the one end of the optical fiber 4 connection data collecting card 3, the other end is accessed on ground
Ground host machine 5, by the stress of vibration measurement with laser device monitoring country rock, displacement, frequency spectrum parameters abnormal conditions, supervised with this
Bump is surveyed, the method is comprised the following steps：
1) the vibration wave parameter comparison received using source wave form parameter and laser acquisition 2 can draw impact shock
The propagation attenuation situation of ripple, draws the physical and mechanical parameter of country rock then, is determined the propagation attenuation of impact shock ripple and is enclosed with this
Relation between rock physico mechanical characteristic；
2) three-dimensional monitoring is carried out to tunnel by vibration measurement with laser using multiple Monitor Sub-Station of Less, obtains answering for country rock vibrations
Power, displacement, the data of frequency spectrum parameters signal, and gather those parameter signal data with data collecting card 3；
3) and then using optical fiber 4 data collecting card 3 is gathered stress, displacement, the frequency spectrum parameters signal of country rock vibrations
Data transfer to ground host machine 5；
4) surrouding rock stress, displacement, the isoparametric abnormal conditions of frequency spectrum are obtained finally by the analysis of ground host machine 5, according to
The propagation attenuation situation of impact shock ripple can obtain country rock physico-mechanical properties in country rock, if the physico-mechanical properties of country rock
Height, then the frequency content of vibration of base rock is single, and frequency is higher；Otherwise then the frequency content of vibration of base rock is more, and frequency compared with
It is low, ground host machine connecting multi-channel oscillograph, the multichannel oscillograph show in real time surrouding rock stress, displacement, frequency spectrum each
The abnormal conditions of parameter, can carry out danger zone evaluation, real-time early warning bump to country rock bump.
A high-frequency carrier signal is produced at the laser acquisition 2, the high-frequency carrier signal is reflected into by country rock and is shaken
Dynamic ripple is simultaneously received by laser acquisition 2, and the high-frequency carrier signal is the helium emitted by laser head in laser acquisition 2
Ne laser, i.e., a high-frequency carrier signal is produced at described laser acquisition 2 to be launched by laser head in laser acquisition 2
The He-Ne Lasers for coming, from the He-Ne Lasers that laser head is emitted, impinges upon in target, and obtains reflected light, by Doppler
The demodulation of the frequency shift signal of effect, draws the vibration velocity of target；And laser acquisition is drawn by laser propagation time and speed
2 with the distance of target, and then obtain the amplitude of country rock；Recycle Fourier transformation that vibration of base rock frequency spectrum parameter is obtained,
He-Ne Lasers antidamping ability is strong, and monitoring error is less.
Preferably, by gathering country rock sample, artificial excitation's vibration wave, outside experiment determines that the propagation of impact shock ripple declines
Subtract and the relation between country rock physico mechanical characteristic, the characteristic of wall rock geology to be monitored is determined by way of outside experiment, can
To reduce vibration measurement with laser device the step of the internal monitoring of tunnel, the energy consumption of vibration measurement with laser device is reduced, strengthen service life.
Relative to above-mentioned another kind of scheme, by the way that vibration measurement with laser device is in tunnel build-in test and determines impact shock ripple
Propagation attenuation and country rock physico mechanical characteristic between relation, it is possible to reduce the operation prepared before monitoring, reduce outside experiment
Cost of labor.
Preferably, the vibration measurement with laser adopts heterodyne interferometry, obtains mechanical vibration performance or transient motion process, passes through
The auxiliary of one bragg cell, produces a high-frequency carrier signal at laser acquisition head, impinges upon in target, and obtains reflection
Light, by the demodulation of the frequency shift signal to Doppler effect, draws the vibration velocity of target.
The vibration measurement with laser also includes light intensity vibration measuring method, holography method and optical fiber and MEMS vibration measuring methods, wherein light intensity vibration measuring
Method, is to utilize measured target with respect to projecting beam, or the change in location of the reflected beams relative detection light path causes to detect light intensity
Change to detect vibration, the method both can be contact, or contactless, light intensity survey for the measurement of vibration
The method of shaking has the advantages that convenient signal treatment, simple structure, cost are relatively low, and light intensity vibration measuring method and optical fiber are combined closely,
So that the application of light intensity vibration measuring method is further expanded；
Holography method, is that, used as reference light wave, remainder projects on object and anti-by its using a part for coherent beam
Penetrate as Object light wave, two light waves meet and produce interference, and the interference field for being formed reflects the Vibration Condition of testee, the interference
Field forms hologram by photographic negative record through appropriate development, and holographic interference vibration measuring can be to the point position on whole vibration plane
Measure, by comparing holographic interference pattern not in the same time, it becomes possible to depict the Vibration Condition of each point on tested vibration plane.
The method is measured simultaneously for the whole audience that the measurement of vibration is non-contact form.Holographic vibration measurement method has can carry out planar survey,
The advantage of multipoint data is obtained simultaneously；
Optical fiber and MEMS vibration measuring methods, in micro photo-electro-mechanical sensor, optical fiber can provide light as optical medium is passed for sensor
Connection, the electric signal of sensor internal is changed into optical signal via light emitting diode, then is transported to external equipment, so can make
Measurement result is significantly from outside electromagnetic interference.Optical fiber also can be used to construct light path, become a part for integrated sensor, as
Cantilever beam experiences extraneous vibration, and vibrating sensing is realized through the light intensity change of optical fiber by measurement.Optical fiber and MEMS technology phase
With reference to vibrating sensor advantage be can immune outside electromagnetic interference, can be applicable to the occasion for avoiding using electric signal, structure
Flexible arrangement, be suitably applied under labyrinth environment and labyrinth space vibrating sensing measurement, it is adaptable to miniaturization and
Integrated product.
Such as Fig. 2, the vibration measurement with laser principle of heterodyne interferometry：Light source launches a branch of frequency and is mapped to object table for the illumination of f0
Face, according to doppler principle, moving object receives it is reflected after optical signal, and the direction optical receiver 2 is received
Frequency is f lightwave signals, and its frequency increases with moving object speed and increases.I.e. speed is the how general of the moving object generation of v
Le frequency displacement is df.According to the course of work of the vibration measurement with laser instrument (including single-point and the whole audience) of laser doppler interferometry
For：The laser that laser instrument sends is divided into two-beam through lens, and light beam BS1 is reference beam in Fig. 2, is directly connect by photodetector
Receive；Another light beam through a pair swingable lens lightings on a surface of an, by surface of moving object KPT Scatter or reflection
Light be light beam BS2, it collected by collecting lens after by photodetector receive, through interference produce be proportional to moving object speed
Doppler signal, by frequency and phase demodulating the time history signal of moving object speed and displacement is just obtained.
The summary method of the present invention understands that utilize laser to Monitoring Data, energy loss is little, disturbs little, and error is little,
And stress and the displacement of roadway surrounding rock can be monitored, bump can be accurately monitored in real time；The method of the present invention can be
Reliability service, electromagnetism interference, dynamic range are big under inflammable and explosive environment, and the vibration measurement with laser for adopting is a kind of important
Contactless non-invasive measuring technique, good economy performance, applicability is high, is capable of the bump of accurate monitoring mine in real time, effectively
Reduction mine workman's Loss of Life and property.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of bump hazardous area method for early warning based on vibration measurement with laser, it is characterised in that using in roadway bolt (1)
Embedded vibration measurement with laser device, by the stress of vibration measurement with laser device monitoring country rock, displacement, frequency spectrum parameters abnormal conditions,
Bump is monitored with this, the method is comprised the following steps：
1) the vibration wave parameter comparison received using source wave form parameter and laser acquisition head (2) can draw impact shock ripple
Propagation attenuation situation, the physical and mechanical parameter of country rock is drawn then, the propagation attenuation and country rock of impact shock ripple is determined with this
Relation between physico mechanical characteristic；
2) three-dimensional monitoring is carried out to tunnel by vibration measurement with laser using multiple Monitor Sub-Station of Less, obtains stress, the position of country rock vibrations
Shifting, the data of frequency spectrum parameters signal, and gather those parameter signal data with data collecting card (3)；
3) and then using optical fiber (4) data collecting card (3) is gathered stress, displacement, the frequency spectrum parameters signal of country rock vibrations
Data transfer to ground host machine (5)；
4) surrouding rock stress, displacement, the isoparametric abnormal conditions of frequency spectrum, ground master are obtained finally by ground host machine (5) analysis
Machine (5) connecting multi-channel oscillograph, the multichannel oscillograph shows in real time surrouding rock stress, displacement, frequency spectrum parameters
Abnormal conditions, real-time early warning bump.
2. the bump hazardous area method for early warning of vibration measurement with laser is based on as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described to swash
Optical detection head (2) place produces a high-frequency carrier signal, and the high-frequency carrier signal is reflected into vibration wave and by laser by country rock
Detecting head (2) is received, and the high-frequency carrier signal is the He-Ne Lasers emitted by laser head on laser acquisition head (2).
3. the bump hazardous area method for early warning of vibration measurement with laser is based on as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that logical
Collection country rock sample, artificial excitation's vibration wave are crossed, outside experiment determines the propagation attenuation and country rock physical mechanics of impact shock ripple
Relation between characteristic.
4. the bump hazardous area method for early warning of vibration measurement with laser is based on as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that logical
Laser Measuring vibrating device is crossed in tunnel build-in test and is determined between the propagation attenuation of impact shock ripple and country rock physico mechanical characteristic
Relation.
5. the bump hazardous area method for early warning of vibration measurement with laser is based on as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that institute
State vibration measurement with laser and adopt heterodyne interferometry, obtain mechanical vibration performance or transient motion process, by the auxiliary of bragg cell
Help, at laser acquisition head (2) place a high-frequency carrier signal is produced, impinge upon in target, and obtain reflected light, by Doppler
The demodulation of the frequency shift signal of effect, draws the vibration velocity of target.
6. the bump hazardous area method for early warning of vibration measurement with laser is based on as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that institute
It is the one kind in light intensity vibration measuring method, holography method and optical fiber and MEMS vibration measuring methods to state vibration measurement with laser.
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| CN106706182B (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2018-01-09 | 中南大学 | A kind of second test method of region of high stress tunnel surrounding regional stress field |
| CN111044185B (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2021-08-17 | 交通运输部公路科学研究所 | Method and device for measuring internal change by laser |
| CN112664227B (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2023-05-05 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Rock burst control method |
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Address after: 221116 Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, Tongshan University Road, China University of Mining and Technology science and Technology Department Patentee after: China University of Mining & Technology Address before: 221116 Xuzhou University Road, China University of Mining and Technology, Jiangsu science and Technology Department Patentee before: China University of Mining & Technology |
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