CN103244179A - Evaluation method for predicting coal mine underground impact mine pressure danger - Google Patents
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Abstract
An evaluation method for predicting the underground impact mine pressure danger of a coal mine belongs to the evaluation method for predicting the impact mine pressure danger. And dividing the impact mine pressure danger degree into an A-grade non-impact mine pressure danger, a B-grade weak impact mine pressure danger, a C-grade medium impact mine pressure danger and a D-grade strong impact mine pressure danger, and formulating corresponding prevention measures. And comprehensively analyzing and evaluating the weight of the influence of geological factors and mining factors on the impact mine pressure in the mining area, respectively calculating the risk indexes of the geological factors and the mining factors, taking the maximum value of the risk indexes as the final impact mine pressure risk comprehensive index, and determining the impact mine pressure risk level, state and prevention and control strategy of the mining area according to the maximum value. Analyzing and evaluating geological factors by a comprehensive index method, wherein the geological factors comprise the occurrence history of the impact mine pressure, the mining depth and the distance between a hard thick-layer rock stratum in an overlying fracture zone and a coal bed; mining factors include the degree of pressure relief of the protective layer, the horizontal distance of the working face from the coal pillars left after the upper protective layer is mined, and the relationship between the working face and the adjacent goaf.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of appraisal procedure of predicting impulsion pressure danger, particularly the appraisal procedure of impulsion pressure danger under a kind of forecasting coal mine.
Background technology
Increasing gradually along with China's pit mining degree of depth and limit of mining, the coal rock dynamic disaster that with the impulsion pressure is representative is more and more serious, the elastic energy that this dynamic disaster will accumulate in the coal and rock discharges with unexpected, rapid, fierce form, cause the coal and rock vibration limits, power is thrown to roadway with coal petrography, send the strong sound, cause the destruction of support and equipment, roadway and personnel's injures and deaths etc., impulsion pressure has paroxysmal characteristics, usually is difficult to predict in advance the when and where of its generation.Research for impulsion pressure at present mainly concentrates on three research aspects, and the one, the research of impulsion pressure (rock burst) genesis mechanism; The 2nd, the research of impulsion pressure assessment of risks, monitoring and prediction technology; The 3rd, the research of impulsion pressure control measures.Wherein, the mechanism that impulsion pressure takes place is prediction and the basis of taking prophylactico-therapeutic measures, and assessment of risks, monitoring and prediction then are to prevent and treat the key link that disaster takes place.
Yet, whether need to take or need which kind of monitoring and forecasting forecast and prophylactico-therapeutic measures for a certain production zone, whether then need to assess in advance this zone has the danger that impulsion pressure takes place or has which kind of impulsion pressure danger classes, but the reason complexity that impulsion pressure takes place, numerous and the every kind of dangerous influence degree difference of factor impact ore deposit pressure of influence factor, simple analyze some or certain several factor and tend to cause complete or miss the consequence of principal element with inclined to one side lid, or hold inaccurate to the influence degree of a certain factor, thereby cause the inaccurate of analysis result, have only by analyzing and screen the major influence factors of impulsion pressure danger, and the reasonable weighing factor of definite these factors, then it is integrated and analyze, could improve the predictablity rate of impulsion pressure danger, formulate Preventing Countermeasures targetedly according to different impulsion pressure danger level grades again, thereby reach the purpose that effectively instructs impulsion pressure disaster monitoring and improvement.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to provide the appraisal procedure of impulsion pressure danger under a kind of forecasting coal mine, solve impulsion pressure occurrence cause complexity, numerous and the every kind of dangerous influence degree difference of factor impact ore deposit pressure of influence factor causes the inaccurate problem of analysis result.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: this method is divided into the impulsion pressure degree of danger that the A level does not have impulsion pressure danger a little less than impulsion pressure danger, the B level, C level medium impact ore deposit presses danger and D level thump ore deposit to press dangerous 4 grades and state, and formulates corresponding Preventing Countermeasures according to different impulsion pressure danger classess and state; Geology class and mining class factor impact ore deposit Hair Fixer by composite index law analysis and evaluation production zone are given birth to the weight that influences, calculate both hazard indexs respectively, and get wherein maximum value as the dangerous composite index of final impulsion pressure, determine impulsion pressure danger classes, state and the Preventing Countermeasures of production zone according to this;
For given a certain production zone, a kind of composite index law of impulsion pressure assessment of risks comprises following step:
(1) analyzes geology class influence factor, determine each self-corresponding weighing factor, calculate the impulsion pressure hazard index W of geology class factor affecting
T1
(2) analyze mining class influence factor, determine each self-corresponding weighing factor, calculate the impulsion pressure hazard index W of mining class factor affecting
T2
(3) compare W
T1And W
T2, selection big value wherein is as the dangerous composite index W of final impulsion pressure
t
(4) according to W
tThe interval that is located is determined impulsion pressure danger classes, state and the Preventing Countermeasures of production zone.
Described geology class influence factor comprises: (1) impulsion pressure takes place historical; (2) mining depth; (3) hard thick-layer rock stratum is far from the distance in coal seam; (4) roof strata thickness characteristics parameter; (5) tectonic stress; (6) uniaxial compressive strength of coal; (7) the elastic energy index of coal.
Described mining class influence factor comprises: the release degree of (1) topping; (2) horizontal range of the coal column left over apart from the exploitation of last topping of work plane; (3) work plane and the relation of closing on the goaf; (4) face length; (5) section coal pillar width; (6) the coal thickness of keeping on file; (7) tunnel of tunneling to the goaf, the distance of stopping digging position and goaf; (8) to the work plane of goaf propelling, stop adopting the distance in line and goaf; (9) to work plane or tunnel that drop advances greater than the tomography of 3m, work plane or the distance with tomography of meeting head on; (10) to seam inclination acute variation (＞15 °) to work plane or tunnel that oblique or anticline advances, work plane or with it the distance of meeting head on; (11) corrode, close work plane or tunnel that layer or varied in thickness partly advance to the coal seam, near the distance of coal seam changing unit.
Described geology class influence factor and mining class influence factor press the hazard index of dangerous influence degree according to being decided to be 0,1,2,3 from low to high in each factor impact ore deposit.
The impulsion pressure hazard index W of described geology class factor affecting
T1Impulsion pressure hazard index W with mining class factor affecting
T2Definite method be the actual corresponding hazard index value addition of each factor that respectively will be separately, and divided by each self-corresponding the greatest danger index sum.
The dangerous composite index of described impulsion pressure is divided into 4 numerical value sections 0.25 be the interval in that [0,1] is interval, distinguishes 4 danger classess and the state of the danger of corresponding A level, the danger of B level, the danger of C level and the danger of D level from low to high.
Beneficial effect owing to adopted such scheme, has carried out quantitative mark with the different weights of each influence factor, and namely when the weighing factor of all factors was all got maximum value 3, will obtain the dangerous composite index of impulsion pressure was 1, and impulsion pressure namely takes place; When the weighing factor of all factors was all got minimum value 0, will obtain the dangerous composite index of impulsion pressure was 0, namely impulsion pressure can not take place; Because analysis-by-synthesis assessment geology class of the present invention and mining class factor impact ore deposit Hair Fixer are given birth to the weight of influence, and be that composite index is 1 and be not that composite index is that the means that adopt probability interval to divide prediction between 0 are handled at impulsion pressure, the possibility size that therefore measurable impulsion pressure takes place, can predict mine, exploiting field, work plane or tunnel impulsion pressure danger in advance, determine impulsion pressure danger classes and the Preventing Countermeasures of production zone.
Advantage: this appraisal procedure is pressed dangerous influence by analyzing, screen, consider geology class and a plurality of factor impact of mining class ore deposit, compares with other way of only considering single or Several Factors, and analysis more comprehensively, rationally; Secondly, give respective weights separately with each factor according to its Different Effects degree, but realized computability and the quantification of impulsion pressure degree of danger; Simultaneously the impulsion pressure danger classes is divided into 4 grades of systems and provides the way of corresponding Preventing Countermeasures separately, than adopted in the past have impact and the way of shock-free two-stage system, no clear and definite Preventing Countermeasures detailed more and reasonable, can make the more pointed and validity of erosion control work.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: this method is divided into the impulsion pressure degree of danger that the A level does not have impulsion pressure danger a little less than impulsion pressure danger, the B level, C level medium impact ore deposit presses danger and D level thump ore deposit to press dangerous 4 grades and state, and formulates corresponding Preventing Countermeasures according to different impulsion pressure danger classess and state; Geology class and mining class factor impact ore deposit Hair Fixer by composite index law analysis and evaluation production zone are given birth to the weight that influences, calculate both hazard indexs respectively, and get wherein maximum value as the dangerous composite index of final impulsion pressure, determine impulsion pressure danger classes, state and the Preventing Countermeasures of production zone according to this.
The geology class factor of composite index law analysis and evaluation comprise impulsion pressure take place historical, mining depth and on cover in the fissure zone hard thick-layer rock stratum far from 7 factors of the geology class influence in coal seam; Mining class factor comprises that the release degree of topping, work plane influence 11 factors apart from horizontal range and the face of doing of the coal column that last topping exploitation is left over the mining class of closing on the relation in goaf.
For given a certain production zone, a kind of composite index law of impulsion pressure assessment of risks comprises following step:
(1) analyzes geology class influence factor, determine each self-corresponding weighing factor, calculate the impulsion pressure hazard index W of geology class factor affecting
T1
(2) analyze mining class influence factor, determine each self-corresponding weighing factor, calculate the impulsion pressure hazard index W of mining class factor affecting
T2
(3) compare W
T1And W
T2, selection big value wherein is as the dangerous composite index W of final impulsion pressure
t
(4) according to W
tThe interval that is located is determined impulsion pressure danger classes, state and the Preventing Countermeasures of production zone.
Described geology class influence factor comprises: (1) impulsion pressure takes place historical; (2) mining depth; (3) hard thick-layer rock stratum is far from the distance in coal seam; (4) roof strata thickness characteristics parameter; (5) tectonic stress; (6) uniaxial compressive strength of coal; (7) the elastic energy index of coal.
Described mining class influence factor comprises: the release degree of (1) topping; (2) horizontal range of the coal column left over apart from the exploitation of last topping of work plane; (3) work plane and the relation of closing on the goaf; (4) face length; (5) section coal pillar width; (6) the coal thickness of keeping on file; (7) tunnel of tunneling to the goaf, the distance of stopping digging position and goaf; (8) to the work plane of goaf propelling, stop adopting the distance in line and goaf; (9) to work plane or tunnel that drop advances greater than the tomography of 3m, work plane or the distance with tomography of meeting head on; (10) to seam inclination acute variation (＞15 °) to work plane or tunnel that oblique or anticline advances, work plane or with it the distance of meeting head on; (11) corrode, close work plane or tunnel that layer or varied in thickness partly advance to the coal seam, near the distance of coal seam changing unit.
Described geology class influence factor and mining class influence factor press the hazard index of dangerous influence degree according to being decided to be 0,1,2,3 from low to high in each factor impact ore deposit.
The impulsion pressure hazard index W of described geology class factor affecting
T1Impulsion pressure hazard index W with mining class factor affecting
T2Definite method be the actual corresponding hazard index value addition of each factor that respectively will be separately, and divided by each self-corresponding the greatest danger index sum.
The dangerous composite index of described impulsion pressure is divided into 4 numerical value sections 0.25 be the interval in that [0,1] is interval, distinguishes 4 danger classess and the state of the danger of corresponding A level, the danger of B level, the danger of C level and the danger of D level from low to high.
Concrete:
1, the screening of impulsion pressure major influence factors
The impulsion pressure influence factor is numerous, have geology, mining with the organization and administration aspect, cast aside the influence of organization and administration factor, in geology class factor, pressed if the overbump ore deposit once takes place certain mine, can show that then this mine possesses the sufficient and necessary condition that impulsion pressure takes place, frequency is more many, and then impulsion pressure danger is more high; Mining depth is more big, and then surrouding rock stress level and impulsion pressure danger are more high; On to cover in the fissure zone hard thick-layer rock stratum more near far from the distance in coal seam, then the vibrations impact ore deposit that produces during the movement of roof fracture influence of pressing is more big; Coal seam top 100m scope roof strata thickness characteristics is more obvious, then stores and to discharge the ability of elastic energy more strong, and the impact ore deposit presses dangerous influence more big; The stress increment that structure causes in the production zone is more high, and the influence that press in the impact ore deposit is more big; The uniaxial compressive strength of coal is more high, and the integrality of coal body is more good, the more easy impact failure of coal body; The elastic energy index of coal is more big, and the ability intensity more strong, impact failure of its storage elasticity energy is more big.In mining class factor, if carry out the topping exploitation in advance, can reduce impulsion pressure danger, if the release degree of topping is more high, then impulsion pressure danger is more low; If the coal column lower zone exploitation of leaving in the exploitation of last topping, then from the horizontal range of coal column more close to, then impulsion pressure danger is more high; If work plane is entity coal work plane, then low than the work plane impulsion pressure danger that closes on the goaf, if be that isolated island work plane then impulsion pressure are dangerous high; Can cause the concentrated stress stack that two ends turning coal column produces if face length is too small, cause the dangerous rising of impulsion pressure; If the section coal pillar width stays and establishes unreasonablely, then can produce the situation that stress excessively raises, increase impulsion pressure danger; If ground coal is left in the tunnel, then can under the effect of horizontal stress, produce end distension impact failure; When tunnel, work plane to the goaf, tomography, when corroding, closing layer or varied in thickness zone driving or back production to oblique, anticline, coal seam, can cause the stack of leading bearing stress and edge, goaf concentrated stress or tectonic stress, the danger that will increase impulsion pressure.
By above-mentioned analysis, screen 7 geology class factors and 11 principal elements of class factor as the impulsion pressure dangerous influence of digging up mine altogether.They are respectively: (one) geology class factor: (1) impulsion pressure takes place historical; (2) mining depth; (3) hard thick-layer rock stratum is far from the distance in coal seam; (4) roof strata thickness characteristics parameter; (5) tectonic stress; (6) uniaxial compressive strength of coal; (7) the elastic energy index of coal; (2) mining class factor: the release degree of (1) topping; (2) horizontal range of the coal column left over apart from the exploitation of last topping of work plane; (3) work plane and the relation of closing on the goaf; (4) face length; (5) section coal pillar width; (6) the coal thickness of keeping on file; (7) tunnel of tunneling to the goaf, the distance of stopping digging position and goaf; (8) to the work plane of goaf propelling, stop adopting the distance in line and goaf; (9) to work plane or tunnel that drop advances greater than the tomography of 3m, work plane or the distance with tomography of meeting head on; (10) to seam inclination acute variation (＞15 °) to work plane or tunnel that oblique or anticline advances, work plane or with it the distance of meeting head on; (11) corrode, close work plane or tunnel that layer or varied in thickness partly advance to the coal seam, near the distance of coal seam changing unit.
2, the weight of impulsion pressure influence factor
Passing through on the basis to a large amount of casualty data statistical analyses, the influence degree that each the influence factor impact ore deposit under the different occurrence conditions is pressed is divided into 4 grades, and defining hazard index respectively is 0,1,2,3, index is more high, show that the dangerous influence of this factor impact ore deposit pressure is more big, wherein, not influence is pressed in " 0 " expression impact ore deposit, a little less than " 1 " expression influence degree, " 2 " expression influence degree is medium, and " 3 " expression influence degree is strong.The impulsion pressure hazard index situation of geology class factor and mining class factor affecting as shown in Table 1 and Table 2.
3, the dangerous composite index of impulsion pressure determines
Press 4 grades of division principles of influence degree according to each influence factor impact ore deposit, the actual geology class factor that has of analytic target and mining class factor are got respective value respectively, with geology class factor and the addition respectively of mining class actual value that factor is got, obtain 2 hazard index summations then, use
Expression, wherein, n=7,11; With 7 geology class factors and the greatest exponential value addition of correspondence respectively of 11 mining class factors, obtain the greatest danger index again, use
Expression, wherein, n=7,11.At last with geology class factor and mining class factor actual danger index summation divided by each self-corresponding the greatest danger index sum, can obtain the impulsion pressure hazard index W of geology class factor and mining class factor affecting
T1And W
T2, be respectively:
From full angle content to retain sovereignty over a part of the country, for production zone or the object analyzed, the dangerous composite index W of the final impulsion pressure of determining
tShould be the maximum value among both, that is:
W
t＝max{W
t1,W
2}
4, the division of impulsion pressure danger classes, state and Preventing Countermeasures
The prediction essence that the impulsion pressure disaster takes place is the estimation to the probability of happening size, should give up the two-stage system way that absolutization takes place or do not have the sort of prediction impulsion pressure, for ease of instructing the enforcement of erosion control measure, the present invention is divided into 4 grades and state with the impulsion pressure danger level, being respectively the A level does not have impulsion pressure danger, the weak impulsion pressure danger of B level, the pressure danger of C level medium impact ore deposit and the pressure danger of D level thump ore deposit, and takes different Preventing Countermeasures according to different danger classess and state.Press dangerous composite index W according to above-mentioned impact ore deposit
tComputational analysis, its interval should be [0,1] as can be seen, therefore, 0.25 to be the interval, with W
tBe divided into 4 numerical value sections, and corresponding 4 danger classess of difference and state, the dangerous composite index of the final impulsion pressure that forms, grade, state and Preventing Countermeasures are as shown in table 3.
For given a certain production zone, the first step is at first to analyze geological conditions, determine the occurrence condition of geology class influence factor and each factor reality listed in its table 1 that has, and determine each self-corresponding weighing factor, calculate the impulsion pressure hazard index W of geology class factor affecting then
T1Second step was to analyze mining condition, determined the occurrence condition of mining class influence factor and each factor reality listed in its table 2 that has, and determined each self-corresponding weighing factor, calculated the impulsion pressure hazard index W of mining class factor affecting then
T2, the 3rd step was comparison W
T1And W
T2, selection big value wherein is as the dangerous composite index W of final impulsion pressure
t, the 4th step was to determine W according to table 3
tThe interval that is located, and determine impulsion pressure danger classes, state and Preventing Countermeasures according to this.
Certain exploiting field with certain ore deposit is example below, adopts composite index law to determine the dangerous composite index of impulsion pressure, grade, the state in this exploiting field and the Preventing Countermeasures that need take.
By analyzing the geological conditions in this exploiting field, the impact ore deposit presses the geology class factor of influence to mainly contain: mining depth (900～1000m), on cover the physical mechanics attribute (uniaxial compressive strength is greater than 20Mpa, and the elastic energy index is greater than 5) of geological structures (having the tectonic stress increment) such as hard thick-layer rock stratum (distance, top plate thickness characteristic ginseng value apart from the coal seam are 86), tomography, coal.According to table 1, through calculating the impulsion pressure hazard index W by geology class factor affecting
T1=0.76, be shown in Table 4.
By analyzing the mining condition in this exploiting field, the impact ore deposit presses the mining class factor of influence to mainly contain: work plane closes on goaf (side can occur and adopt empty work plane), face length (200～270m), the position relation (tunnel, work plane needed tomography, to oblique tectonic province and Coal Seam Thickness Change zone) of work plane and structure realm is adopted, dug to coal pillar width (5m).According to table 2, through calculating the impulsion pressure hazard index W by mining class factor affecting
T1=0.67, be shown in Table 5.
Calculate the dangerous composite index W of certain exploiting field impulsion pressure
t=max{W
T1, W
2}=0.76 according to table 3, determines that finally this exploiting field impulsion pressure danger classes and state are that danger is pressed in D level thump ore deposit, need press dangerous exploiting field to manage according to the thump ore deposit with reference to shown in the table 3, and take corresponding impulsion pressure Preventing Countermeasures.
The impulsion pressure hazard index evaluation form of table 1 expression geology class factor affecting; The impulsion pressure hazard index evaluation form of table 2 expression mining class factor affecting; The dangerous composite index of table 3 expression impulsion pressure, grade, state and Preventing Countermeasures table.
The impulsion pressure hazard index evaluation form of table 1 geology class factor affecting
The impulsion pressure hazard index evaluation form of table 2 mining class factor affecting
The dangerous composite index of table 3 impulsion pressure, grade, state and Preventing Countermeasures table
The impulsion pressure hazard index evaluation form of certain exploiting field geology class factor affecting of table 4
The impulsion pressure hazard index evaluation form of certain exploiting field mining class factor affecting of table 5
Claims (6)
1. the appraisal procedure of impulsion pressure danger under the forecasting coal mine, it is characterized in that: this method is divided into the impulsion pressure degree of danger that the A level does not have impulsion pressure danger a little less than impulsion pressure danger, the B level, C level medium impact ore deposit presses danger and D level thump ore deposit to press dangerous 4 grades and state, and formulates corresponding Preventing Countermeasures according to different impulsion pressure danger classess and state; Geology class and mining class factor impact ore deposit Hair Fixer by composite index law analysis and evaluation production zone are given birth to the weight that influences, calculate both hazard indexs respectively, and get wherein maximum value as the dangerous composite index of final impulsion pressure, determine impulsion pressure danger classes, state and the Preventing Countermeasures of production zone according to this;
For given a certain production zone, a kind of composite index law of impulsion pressure assessment of risks comprises following step:
(1) analyzes geology class influence factor, determine each self-corresponding weighing factor, calculate the impulsion pressure hazard index W of geology class factor affecting
T1
(2) analyze mining class influence factor, determine each self-corresponding weighing factor, calculate the impulsion pressure hazard index W of mining class factor affecting
T2
(3) compare W
T1And W
T2, selection big value wherein is as the dangerous composite index W of final impulsion pressure
t
(4) according to W
tThe interval that is located is determined impulsion pressure danger classes, state and the Preventing Countermeasures of production zone.
2. the appraisal procedure of impulsion pressure danger under a kind of forecasting coal mine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described geology class influence factor comprises: (1) impulsion pressure takes place historical; (2) mining depth; (3) hard thick-layer rock stratum is far from the distance in coal seam; (4) roof strata thickness characteristics parameter; (5) tectonic stress; (6) uniaxial compressive strength of coal; (7) the elastic energy index of coal.
3. the appraisal procedure of impulsion pressure danger under a kind of forecasting coal mine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described mining class influence factor comprises: the release degree of (1) topping; (2) horizontal range of the coal column left over apart from the exploitation of last topping of work plane; (3) work plane and the relation of closing on the goaf; (4) face length; (5) section coal pillar width; (6) the coal thickness of keeping on file; (7) tunnel of tunneling to the goaf, the distance of stopping digging position and goaf; (8) to the work plane of goaf propelling, stop adopting the distance in line and goaf; (9) to work plane or tunnel that drop advances greater than the tomography of 3m, work plane or the distance with tomography of meeting head on; (10) to seam inclination acute variation (＞15 °) to work plane or tunnel that oblique or anticline advances, work plane or with it the distance of meeting head on; (11) corrode, close work plane or tunnel that layer or varied in thickness partly advance to the coal seam, near the distance of coal seam changing unit.
4. the appraisal procedure of impulsion pressure danger under a kind of forecasting coal mine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described geology class influence factor and mining class influence factor, press the hazard index of dangerous influence degree according to being decided to be 0,1 from low to high in each factor impact ore deposit, 2,3.
5. the appraisal procedure of impulsion pressure danger under a kind of forecasting coal mine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the impulsion pressure hazard index W of described geology class factor affecting
T1Impulsion pressure hazard index W with mining class factor affecting
T2Definite method be the actual corresponding hazard index value addition of each factor that respectively will be separately, and divided by each self-corresponding the greatest danger index sum.
6. the appraisal procedure of impulsion pressure danger under a kind of forecasting coal mine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the dangerous composite index of described impulsion pressure is [0,1] interval is the interval with 0.25, be divided into 4 numerical value sections, 4 danger classess of respectively corresponding A level danger, the danger of B level, the danger of C level and the danger of D level from low to high and state.
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| CN104360013A (en) * | 2014-09-10 | 2015-02-18 | 山东科技大学 | Analytical method of deep mining floor rock stratum damage and fracturation evolution and failure law |
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