CN103713050A - Method for measuring attenuation curve of seismic wave in rock by using laser receiving apparatus - Google Patents
Method for measuring attenuation curve of seismic wave in rock by using laser receiving apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN103713050A CN103713050A CN201210370916.7A CN201210370916A CN103713050A CN 103713050 A CN103713050 A CN 103713050A CN 201210370916 A CN201210370916 A CN 201210370916A CN 103713050 A CN103713050 A CN 103713050A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for measuring the attenuation curve of a seismic wave in a rock by using a laser receiving apparatus. The method is characterized in that apparatuses used in the invention comprise a routine ultrasonic energy transducer excitation probe belonging to an emission portion, a laser receiver belonging to a reception portion and corresponding excitation and reception matching devices; the emission portion adopts the routine probe, the routine probe is arranged on the surface at one side of a test rock sample and is fixed, and an excitation system emits certain ultrasonic waves; the reception portion adopts a non-contact laser receiving apparatus; there is no hardware contact between the reception portion laser Doppler vibrometer and a detection medium; and the focusing of a laser source on a detection point on a model is small, so enough small spacing measurement can be carried out.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to seismic prospecting physical properties of rock field, relate to especially a kind of method of utilizing laser receiver research to measure the die-away curve of seismic event in rock.
Background technology
The propagation of seismic event in rock has certain decay, its attenuation characteristic and rock texture, physical property, temperature, pressure etc. have much relations, seismic wave attenuation characteristic in study of rocks is conducive to the processing, explanation of seismic prospecting data and to confirmation of petrophysical parameter etc., can carries out better oil-gas exploration.In general, the research method one of the seismic wave attenuation in rock is to utilize seismic wave data practically to study, and another is in laboratory, to utilize ultrasound wave to test rock sample.The invention belongs to the method for indoor test, conventional indoor test method is all to utilize ultrasonic transducer to carry out exciting and receiving of seismic event, the Q pH-value determination pH that utilization spectrum decays than methods such as methods etc., its disadvantage is that ultrasonic transducer need to carry out (as rock surface on certain medium, the water surface etc.), transducer need to have certain contacting with medium, if model surface irregularity, test will be affected, and, the surface of contact of transducer and medium also has certain size restriction, the contact need of transducer and medium carries out under certain pressure, this pressure is easily subject to the interference of human factor, cause measuring inaccurate.
At present, general indoor carry out rock attenuation Characteristics method mainly: at the indoor ultrasonic transducer that utilizes, on rock sample, carry out testing research, exciting with reception is that man-to-man arrangement is laid, the corresponding acceptance point of shot point namely, excite receiving transducer to be directly positioned over rock sample surface, excite after reception, according to theory, convert and calculate the Q value of rock decay, seismic wave is along with the decay of propagation distance corresponsively.
There are certain shortcomings and limitations in the Study on Estimating of existing rock sample attenuation characteristic:
1. receiving ultrasonic transducer is piezoelectric type probe, and piezoelectric type probe is relatively simple, and price is lower, but when carrying out geologic model detection, while using piezoelectric type probe to transmit and receive, can produce some problems.
In order to simulate truly field, detect the feature such as detection means should have that volume is little, broadband reception, noncontact point measurement, highly sensitive, reproducible and measurement range are wide.
But the requirement above piezoelectric ultrasonic probe can not meet far away when rock sample (especially to complex surface sample) is detected.Because the reason units test part surface of contact of process aspect is larger, when curved surface sample is detected, probe and sample surfaces coupling effect are poor, sometimes even cannot be coupled; In addition owing to being contact type measurement, adopt manual mode to measure that efficiency is low, low precision, be easily subject to the impact of human factor; When moving mechanically, all will repeat to pull up and place this process, and that each set-point probe and the contact of sample room are difficult to accomplish is consistent, so the precision of measurement is easily subject to the impact of human factor at every turn.
2. data acquisition geophone station aligning method
The Attenuation Q of conventional indoor detection sample is to excite with receiving transducer to arrange one to one, and shot point inspires ultrasound wave, at acceptance point, detects transmitted wave.This reception aligning method can only be used for measuring the Attenuation Q of rock, can not measure rock along with the die-away curve of distance.
Summary of the invention
In order to address the above problem, the present invention relates to a kind of method of carrying out rock attenuation Characteristics under indoor conditions with cordless received ultrasonic signal.
The object of the invention is in laboratory by adopting new receiving trap, gathering aligning method, obtain efficiently, collection effect obtain high-quality image data fast and accurately, and then obtain rock sample along with the die-away curve of propagation distance.Be to adopt contactless laser receiver with conventional method main difference part, the result of having avoided because the irregular measurement causing on rock sample surface is inaccurate, all having had the dimensions the setting of limitations affect acceptance point distance, conventional receiving transducer and need manually to participate in causing due to conventional receiving transducer is easily subject to the problems such as impact of human factor.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A method of measuring the die-away curve of seismic event in rock with laser receiver, comprising: the conventional Ultrasound transducer of radiating portion excites laser pickoff and the corresponding reception support equipment that excites of probe, receiving unit; Radiating portion adopts conventional transducer, and conventional transducer is placed in to a side surface of tested rock sample and maintains static, and by activating system, launches certain ultrasound wave; Receiving unit has adopted contactless laser receiver; Comprise that step is as follows:
1), ultrasonic generator is to tested rock transmitting ultrasound wave;
2), according to the size of rock sample, at opposite side corresponding to launching site, acceptance point position is set, and arrangement in one line at regular intervals;
3), when ultrasonic propagation is when the laser point position, cause that rock surface, along with fluctuation changes, measures this variation by laser vibration measurer, obtain ultrasound wave in displacement or the velocity information of this measuring point; Acceptance point positional alignment must be set in advance on the computing machine that laser vibration measurer control program is housed, movement by computer control acceptance point position, after all measuring, the pointwise Energy extraction work through the later stage, obtains this rock sample along with the energy attenuation curve of the increase ripple of distance.
Described receiving unit is mainly comprised of laser vibration measurer; And with between detected medium, there is no contacting on hardware; The check point of lasing light emitter on model focuses on little.
Described laser vibration measurer can be laser doppler vialog.
Described laser vibration measurer is converted to voltage signal output by vibration velocity signal or displacement signal.
By the control of program on described laser vibration measurer, can require automated movement check point position according to setting.
Described geophone station number can regulate according to the size of rock sample and geophone station interval, uses this arrangement mode, carries out Energy extraction on the signal receiving, and can simulate rock along with the increase of the distance die-away curve to seismic signal.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1. system can simulate seismic signal die-away curve along with distance in rock completely;
2. system acceptance point is minimum, and focus point only has 0.2mm, and very little acceptance point interval can be set on request;
3. the result that system receives is high accuracy data, and the minimum vibration signal that can detect is 0.02 micron.The data that collect have wider dynamic range, can surpass 100dB;
4. owing to adopting contactless method of reseptance, when the irregular rock sample of effects on surface detects, can realize and automatically detect and have good coupling effect, while having solved contact measurement, easily be subject to the impact of interference from human factor;
5. the arrangement of acceptance point can be arranged to uniformly-spaced straight line or unequal interval straight line as required.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 utilizes laser receiver to measure the System Working Principle block diagram of seismic event die-away curve in rock.
Fig. 2 is the die-away curve of actual measurement limestone sample of sandstone.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, further describe the present invention.Scope of the present invention is not subject to the restriction of these embodiment, and scope of the present invention proposes in claims.
The present invention is comprised of following part: hardware combinations (conventional excitation apparatus, laser receiver), acquisition method (excite, the arrangement of acceptance point lay), form reaction rock along with the die-away curve of propagation distance decay according to the waveform receiving or energy.Summary of the invention is as follows:
1. hardware combinations
System hardware excites probe (exciting), laser vibration measurer (as laser doppler vialog receives) and the corresponding reception support equipment that excites to form by conventional Ultrasound transducer.
The radiating portion of this system adopts conventional transducer, and conventional transducer is placed in to a side surface of tested rock sample and maintains static, and by activating system, launches certain ultrasound wave.
The receiving unit of system is mainly comprised of laser vibration measurer (laser doppler vialog).Be characterized in that measuring accuracy is high, bandwidth, testing process do not have handling, its production efficiency is higher; With between detected medium, there is no contacting on hardware, avoided the interference of human factor; The check point of lasing light emitter on model can be little of tens microns by focusing on, and meets the scaled requirement of field focus.Laser vibration measurer is converted to voltage signal output by vibration velocity signal or displacement signal.By the control of software on Doppler vibrometer, can require automated movement check point position according to setting.
2. acceptance point arrangement mode
According to the size of rock sample, at opposite side corresponding to launching site, acceptance point position is set, and arrange at regular intervals, acceptance point gap size is according to the die-away curve property settings of tested petrophysical model size and rock, gap size can not have influence on the curve characteristic of die-away curve, interval is excessive, the location that should be curve in some of curve just may become straight line, can not actual response curvilinear characteristic, because laser pick-off is contactless, the movement of acceptance point can be accomplished as far as possible little, like this, can acceptance point interval is as far as possible little in the time of concrete measurement.Concrete acceptance point number can regulate according to the size of rock sample and acceptance point interval.Use this arrangement mode, on the signal receiving, carry out Energy extraction, can simulate rock along with the increase of the distance die-away curve to seismic signal.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention is by ultrasonic generator excitation ultrasound ripple, by the probe that excites that is placed in tested rock sample one side, import ultrasound wave into tested rock sample, rock sample opposite side sends laser by laser vibration measurer, and laser spots is placed in the acceptance point position setting in advance.When ultrasonic propagation is when the laser point position, cause that rock surface, along with fluctuation changes, measures this variation by laser vibration measurer, obtain ultrasound wave in displacement or the velocity information of this measuring point.Acceptance point positional alignment must be set in advance on the computing machine that laser vibration measurer control software is housed, movement by computer control acceptance point position, after all measuring, the work such as pointwise Energy extraction through the later stage, just can obtain this rock sample along with the energy attenuation curve of the increase ripple of distance, as shown in Figure 2.According to the frequency of vibration machine, can obtain the energy attenuation curve of different frequency section.The research needs of decaying along with the increase seismic event of distance have been met in rock.
With reference to accompanying drawing, the application's exemplary embodiment is described above.Those skilled in the art should understand that; above-mentioned embodiment is only used to the object illustrating and the example of lifting; rather than be used for limiting; any modification of doing under all instructions in the application and claim protection domain, be equal to replacement etc., all should be included in the claimed scope of the application.
Claims (10)
1. with laser receiver, measure a method for the die-away curve of seismic event in rock, it is characterized in that, comprising: the conventional Ultrasound transducer of radiating portion excites laser pickoff and the corresponding reception support equipment that excites of probe, receiving unit; Radiating portion adopts conventional transducer, and conventional transducer is placed in to a side surface of tested rock sample and maintains static, and by activating system, launches certain ultrasound wave; Receiving unit has adopted contactless laser receiver; Comprise that step is as follows:
1), ultrasonic generator is to tested rock transmitting ultrasound wave;
2), according to the size of rock sample, at opposite side corresponding to launching site, acceptance point position is set, and in one line at regular intervals;
3), when ultrasonic propagation is when the laser point position, cause that rock surface, along with fluctuation changes, measures this variation by laser vibration measurer, obtain ultrasound wave in displacement or the velocity information of this measuring point; Acceptance point positional alignment must be set in advance on the computing machine that laser vibration measurer control program is housed, movement by computer control acceptance point position, after all measuring, the pointwise Energy extraction work through the later stage, obtains this rock sample along with the energy attenuation curve of the increase ripple of distance.
2. a kind of method of measuring the die-away curve of seismic event in rock with laser receiver according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described receiving unit is mainly comprised of laser vibration measurer; And with between detected medium, there is no contacting on hardware; The check point of lasing light emitter on model focuses on little.
3. a kind of method of measuring the die-away curve of seismic event in rock with laser receiver according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described laser vibration measurer can be laser doppler vialog.
4. a kind of method of measuring the die-away curve of seismic event in rock with laser receiver according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described laser vibration measurer is converted to voltage signal output by vibration velocity signal or displacement signal.
5. a kind of method of measuring the die-away curve of seismic event in rock with laser receiver according to claim 2, is characterized in that, by the control of program on described laser vibration measurer, can require automated movement check point position according to setting.
6. a kind of method of measuring the die-away curve of seismic event in rock with laser receiver according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described geophone station number can regulate according to the size of rock sample and geophone station interval, use this arrangement mode, on the signal receiving, carry out Energy extraction, can simulate rock along with the increase of the distance die-away curve to seismic signal.
7. a kind of method of measuring the die-away curve of seismic event in rock with laser receiver according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described focus point can be 0.2mm.
8. a kind of method of measuring the die-away curve of seismic event in rock with laser receiver according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the described minimum vibration displacement signal detecting is 0.02 micron; The displacement data collecting has the dynamic range over 100dB.
9. a kind of method of measuring the die-away curve of seismic event in rock with laser receiver according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the arrangement of acceptance point can be arranged to uniformly-spaced straight line or unequal interval straight line as required.
10. a kind of method of measuring the die-away curve of seismic event in rock with laser receiver according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, step 3) further comprises: in the acceptance point position of tested rock, the Ear Mucosa Treated by He Ne Laser Irradiation that laser vibration measurer sends is on acceptance point, when having ripple to be transmitted to this acceptance point position, cause that rock surface is along with fluctuation changes, laser vibration measurer is measured this variation, vialog controller is connected with laser head and carries out signal transmission with code translator, high-speed a/d converter is connected with code translator and carries out signal transmission with vialog controller, high-speed a/d converter is connected and carries out signal transmission with computing machine and IO interface, signal transmission is carried out in computing machine and IO interface and acceptance point spread configuration and control, acceptance point is arranged, and to be tester set acceptance point interval according to moulded dimension size and the curve characteristic that do not affect tested rock die-away curve, forms acceptance point and arrange, the reception that Ear Mucosa Treated by He Ne Laser Irradiation shakes on these aspects by these acceptance points, the movement of acceptance point is controlled by the control program of laser vibration measurer.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN104142326A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2014-11-12 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Attenuation coefficient detection method |
| CN104406626A (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2015-03-11 | 中国矿业大学 | Laser vibration measurement-based impact ground pressure danger zone evaluation method |
| CN107064301A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-08-18 | 四川升拓检测技术股份有限公司 | A kind of non-contact non-destructive testing method based on vibration measurement with laser |
| CN108061597A (en) * | 2016-11-07 | 2018-05-22 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Earthquake model speed detection system |
| CN109142045A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2019-01-04 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of system and method detecting rock core destruction signals |
| CN109655151A (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2019-04-19 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of direct laser test macro and method |
| CN115685324A (en) * | 2023-01-05 | 2023-02-03 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Rock surface non-uniform wave velocity field measuring device and measuring method thereof |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104142326A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2014-11-12 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Attenuation coefficient detection method |
| CN104406626A (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2015-03-11 | 中国矿业大学 | Laser vibration measurement-based impact ground pressure danger zone evaluation method |
| CN104406626B (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2017-04-19 | 中国矿业大学 | Laser vibration measurement-based impact ground pressure danger zone early warning method |
| CN108061597A (en) * | 2016-11-07 | 2018-05-22 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Earthquake model speed detection system |
| CN108061597B (en) * | 2016-11-07 | 2021-03-19 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Seismic model velocity detection system |
| CN107064301A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-08-18 | 四川升拓检测技术股份有限公司 | A kind of non-contact non-destructive testing method based on vibration measurement with laser |
| CN107064301B (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2019-08-20 | 四川升拓检测技术股份有限公司 | A kind of non-contact non-destructive testing method based on vibration measurement with laser |
| CN109142045A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2019-01-04 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of system and method detecting rock core destruction signals |
| CN109655151A (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2019-04-19 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of direct laser test macro and method |
| CN115685324A (en) * | 2023-01-05 | 2023-02-03 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Rock surface non-uniform wave velocity field measuring device and measuring method thereof |
| CN115685324B (en) * | 2023-01-05 | 2023-03-10 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Rock surface non-uniform wave velocity field measuring device and measuring method thereof |
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