WO2016090883A1 - Stope roof separation layer water disaster advanced forecasting method based on multi-source information integration - Google Patents
Stope roof separation layer water disaster advanced forecasting method based on multi-source information integration Download PDFInfo
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- the invention relates to the field of coal mining, and particularly relates to a method for predicting the fault of the water in the roof of the stope based on multi-source information fusion.
- Water inrush is one of the four major disasters in coal mines and is a major coal mine disaster alongside gas accidents.
- a special type of water damage - overburden water and water damage began to appear in Chongqing Nantong Coal Mine, Shandong Jining In the coal mining process of No. 2 Coal Mine, Huaibei Haiyan Coal Mine and Yangliu Coal Mine, Huainan Xinji No. 1 Mine, typical outburst water surges occurred. Because of the sudden large amount of water and great harm during the sudden water outburst, Often the work surface is flooded and even casualties.
- the prevention and control of the water damage in the layer is mainly realized by the “cut-off hole” or “drainage hole” of the separated layer water.
- the prevention and control of the water damage in the separated layer has certain blindness.
- the present invention provides a new type of water damage characteristic of the separation of the water in the roof of the stope, and provides a multi-source information fusion-based prediction of the superimposed water damage of the stope roof.
- the method can not only guide the safe production of coal mines, but also facilitate the timely adoption of targeted prevention and control measures.
- a method for predicting the fault of water in the roof of the stope based on multi-source information fusion comprising the following steps:
- the risk assessment map the statistical analysis of the risk index of the separated water hazard is carried out, and the threshold of the division is determined to form a zone map for the risk assessment of the water damage of the roof of the stope.
- the main controlling factors affecting the water damage of the roof of the stope include: aquifer thickness, aquifer bearing head, drilling unit water inflow (q value), recoverable coal seam thickness, hard rock thickness , the strength coefficient and the thickness of the aquifer;
- the aquifer thickness refers to the thickness of the aquifer that replenishes the separation space;
- the thickness of the hard rock refers to the thickness of the upper hard rock that produces the separation layer opposite to the lower soft rock;
- the intensity coefficient refers to the ratio of the uniaxial compressive strength of the upper hard rock to the lower soft rock, wherein the upper hard rock is stronger and the lower soft rock is less strong;
- the thickness of the aquifer is The thickness of the aquifer between the separation layer and the water-conducting fracture zone.
- a thematic map of each main control factor is established, specifically: first, quantitatively analyzing each main control factor index, and then using GIS to interpolate the quantized point data of each main control factor to generate a research
- the contour map of the area is finally mapped according to the contour map of the study area.
- the main control factors are evaluated by the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method, and the weights of the main control factors on the water damage of the roof are calculated.
- AHP analytic hierarchy process
- the specific analysis is as follows: firstly, the hierarchical analysis of each main control factor is constructed. Matrix (AHP matrix), then use the expert scoring method to score the main control factors, construct the judgment matrix of the hierarchical water damage analysis (AHP evaluation), and finally calculate the super-layer water damage from the main control factors according to the judgment matrix. The weight of the influence.
- the spatial superposition function of the GIS is used to superimpose the thematic maps of the normalized main control factors, and the risk assessment model for the separated water hazard is:
- VI is the risk index
- W k is the influence weight of the main control factors
- f k (x, y) is the single factor influence value function
- (x, y) is the geographic coordinate
- n is the number of the main control factors .
- the partition map of the risk assessment of the water risk of the plate is specifically as follows: Firstly, the frequency histogram statistical analysis of the water risk index of the separated layer is carried out. The natural discontinuous grading method within the GIS can be used to classify the statistical analysis results of the frequency histogram. The area map of the risk assessment of the water damage of the top plate of the field is divided into areas such as A, B, C, D... according to the risk of the outburst water bursting from small to large.
- the beneficial effects the multi-source information fusion based on the super-predictive prediction method for the off-site water damage of the stope roof, based on the existing geological conditions of the mine, and the GIS as the operation platform according to the multi-source information fusion theory
- Advance prediction and evaluation analysis of the risk of water damage from the top of the field can achieve the purpose of preventing and controlling the water damage of the roof of the stope.
- the method for predicting the fault of the water in the roof of the stope based on multi-source information fusion includes the following steps:
- the main controlling factors affecting the water damage of the roof of the stope include: aquifer thickness, aquifer bearing head, drilling unit water inflow (q value), recoverable coal seam thickness, hard rock thickness, strength coefficient and aquifer thickness
- the thickness of the aquifer refers to the thickness of the aquifer that replenishes the separation space;
- the thickness of the hard rock refers to the thickness of the upper hard rock that is separated from the lower soft rock;
- the strength coefficient refers to The ratio of the uniaxial compressive strength of the upper hard rock to the lower soft rock, wherein the upper hard rock is stronger and the lower soft rock is less strong;
- the thickness of the aquifer is the separation layer and the water guiding fracture zone. The thickness of the aquifer between the two.
- the step is specifically as follows: firstly, the main control factor indicators are quantitatively analyzed, and then the quantized point data of each main control factor is interpolated by using GIS to generate a contour map of the study area, and finally according to the contour of the study area.
- the distribution map establishes a map corresponding to the main control factors.
- the hierarchical analysis matrix (AHP matrix) of each main control factor is constructed first, and then the expert scoring method is used to score the main control factors, and the judgment matrix of the hierarchical water damage analysis and evaluation (AHP evaluation) is constructed. Finally, according to the judgment matrix, the weight of each main control factor on the water damage of the roof is calculated, and the consistency of the calculation results is tested.
- the weights of the main control factors are normalized, and the thematic maps of the normalized main control factors are established, which are determined according to AHP.
- the weight coefficient of each main controlling factor affecting the water damage in the layer is established, and the risk assessment model for the water risk in the study area is established (Formula 1).
- the risk assessment model for the water risk in the study area is established (Formula 1).
- VI is the risk index
- W k is the influence weight of the main control factors
- f k (x, y) is the single factor influence value function
- (x, y) is the geographic coordinate
- n is the number of the main control factors .
- the frequency histogram statistical analysis is carried out on the water risk index of the separated layer.
- the natural discontinuous classification method inside the GIS can be used to classify the statistical analysis results of the frequency histogram to form the risk assessment of the water damage of the roof of the stope.
- the division map is divided into areas such as A, B, C, D... according to the risk of the outburst water bursting from small to large.
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Abstract
A stope roof separation layer water disaster advanced forecasting method based on multi-source information integration, comprising the following basic steps: determining a main control factor affecting the stope roof separation layer water disaster; establishing a subject-specific map of each main control factor; evaluating each of the main control factors by utilizing an analytic hierarchy process (AHP), and calculating the weighted influence of each factor on the roof separation layer water disaster; normalizing the weighted value of the influence of each of the factors, and complexly superposing the normalized subject-specific map of each main control factor by utilizing a GIS space complex superposition function, to form a risk evaluation map of the stope roof separation layer water disaster; statistically analyzing the risk index of the roof separation layer water disaster and determining a partition threshold to form a risk evaluation partition map of the stope roof separation layer water disaster. The method can have an advanced forecast for a stope roof separation layer water disaster and employs a corresponding forecasting measure for a risk degree of a roof separation layer water disaster, thus avoiding a roof separation layer water disaster incident, and protecting safe stoping on a working face.
Description
本发明涉及煤炭开采领域，具体涉及一种基于多源信息融合的采场顶板离层水害超前预报方法。The invention relates to the field of coal mining, and particularly relates to a method for predicting the fault of the water in the roof of the stope based on multi-source information fusion.
突水是煤矿四大灾害之一，是与瓦斯事故并列的重大煤矿灾害。近年来，随着我国煤炭产量的不断增加，煤矿开采深度的增大，多煤层开采等原因，一种特殊的水害类型——覆岩离层水水害开始出现，在重庆南桐煤矿、山东济宁二号煤矿、淮北海孜煤矿和杨柳煤矿、淮南新集一矿等煤炭开采过程中均发生过典型的离层水涌突，由于离层水涌突时具有瞬间水量大、危害大等特点，常导致工作面被淹，甚至人员伤亡。Water inrush is one of the four major disasters in coal mines and is a major coal mine disaster alongside gas accidents. In recent years, with the increase of China's coal production, the increase of coal mining depth, multi-coal mining and other reasons, a special type of water damage - overburden water and water damage began to appear in Chongqing Nantong Coal Mine, Shandong Jining In the coal mining process of No. 2 Coal Mine, Huaibei Haiyan Coal Mine and Yangliu Coal Mine, Huainan Xinji No. 1 Mine, typical outburst water surges occurred. Because of the sudden large amount of water and great harm during the sudden water outburst, Often the work surface is flooded and even casualties.
如2005年5月21日12时13分，淮北矿业集团海孜煤矿745工作面发生顶板特大突水事故，最大流量达3887m3/h，瞬时淹没工作面、机巷和风巷，造成5人死亡和重大损失。突水事故特征表现为：无明显的突(溃)水征兆；瞬时突水量大；瞬时最大突(溃)水水量衰减快(仅18分钟，水量衰减到905m3/h；3.5小时水量衰减至139m3/h)；突水伴有较大量的碎石、泥突出(约300m3)。后经突水事故调查鉴定为：由于煤系地层与上覆岩浆岩在岩体结构、强度、变形性能方面存在明显差异，煤层开采中，岩浆岩下部地层会产生明显离层，并被地下水充填，形成封闭的离层水体。同时，由于岩浆岩结构完整，强度高，当其下的离层发展达到一定空间规模后，岩浆岩会产生突然冲击失稳，击拍离层水体，使其在瞬间产生很高的水压力，突破隔水岩层，产生瞬间突水。For example, at 12:13 on May 21, 2005, the 745 working face of Haibei Coal Mine of Huaibei Mining Group suffered a roof water inrush accident with a maximum flow of 3887m 3 /h, instantaneously flooding the working face, machine alley and wind lane, causing 5 deaths. And significant losses. The characteristics of water inrush accidents are as follows: no obvious signs of sudden (crushing) water; large instantaneous water inrush; instantaneous maximum sudden (cracking) water and water attenuation is fast (only 18 minutes, water volume is attenuated to 905m 3 /h ; 3.5 hours water volume is reduced to 139m 3 /h); water inrush with a larger amount of gravel, mud protruding (about 300m 3 ). After the investigation of water inrush accidents, it is identified as follows: due to the obvious differences in rock mass structure, strength and deformation performance between coal-bearing strata and overlying magmatic rocks, in the coal seam mining, the lower strata of the magmatic rock will produce obvious separation and be filled with groundwater. Forming a closed layer of water. At the same time, due to the complete structure and high strength of the magmatic rock, when the sub-layer development underneath reaches a certain spatial scale, the magmatic rock will suddenly shock and lose stability, and beat the separated water body to cause high water pressure in an instant. Break through the water-bearing rock formations and create an instant water inrush.
因此，如何避免采煤工作面顶板离层水害的发生，对于煤矿安全开采至关重要，目前离层水害的防治主要是通过井下施工离层水“截流孔”或“导流孔”来实现，但由于对采场顶板离层水害的危险程度未能进行定性或定量评价分析，导致离层水害的防治具有一定的盲目性。Therefore, how to avoid the occurrence of separated water damage in the roof of coal mining face is very important for the safe mining of coal mines. At present, the prevention and control of the water damage in the layer is mainly realized by the “cut-off hole” or “drainage hole” of the separated layer water. However, due to the qualitative or quantitative evaluation and analysis of the danger of the water damage from the roof of the stope, the prevention and control of the water damage in the separated layer has certain blindness.
发明内容Summary of the invention
发明目的：为了满足煤矿有效地防治采场顶板离层水的需要，本发明针对采场顶板离层水害这一新型水害特征，提供一种基于多源信息融合的采场顶板离层水害超前预报方法，不仅能够指导煤矿安全生产，而且有利于及时采取针对性防治措施。OBJECT OF THE INVENTION In order to meet the needs of coal mines to effectively control the separation of the roof water of the stope, the present invention provides a new type of water damage characteristic of the separation of the water in the roof of the stope, and provides a multi-source information fusion-based prediction of the superimposed water damage of the stope roof. The method can not only guide the safe production of coal mines, but also facilitate the timely adoption of targeted prevention and control measures.
技术方案：为实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案为：Technical Solution: In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
一种基于多源信息融合的采场顶板离层水害超前预报方法，包括如下步骤：A method for predicting the fault of water in the roof of the stope based on multi-source information fusion, comprising the following steps:
(1)确定影响采场顶板离层水害的主控因素；
(1) Determining the main controlling factors affecting the water damage from the roof of the stope;
(2)基于煤矿已有的地质条件勘查成果资料，对各主控因素进行数据采集、分析和处理，建立各主控因素的专题图；(2) Based on the existing geological conditions of the coal mine, the data of the main control factors are collected, analyzed and processed, and the thematic maps of each main control factor are established;
(3)采用层次分析(AHP)方法对各主控因素的专题图进行评价，计算出各主控因素对顶板离层水害的影响权重；(3) Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method to evaluate the thematic maps of each main control factor, and calculate the weight of each main control factor on the water damage of the roof.
(4)对各主控因素的影响权重进行归一化处理，建立归一化后的各主控因素的专题图，利用GIS(地理信息系统)的空间复合叠加功能对归一化后的各主控因素的专题图进行复合叠加，形成采场顶板离层水害危险性评价图；(4) Normalize the influence weights of each main control factor, establish a thematic map of each main control factor after normalization, and use the spatial composite superposition function of GIS (Geographic Information System) to normalize each The thematic map of the main control factors is superimposed and combined to form a risk assessment map for the water damage of the roof of the stope;
(5)根据危险性评价图对离层水害危险性指数进行统计分析，确定分区阈值，形成采场顶板离层水害危险性评价分区图。(5) According to the risk assessment map, the statistical analysis of the risk index of the separated water hazard is carried out, and the threshold of the division is determined to form a zone map for the risk assessment of the water damage of the roof of the stope.
所述步骤(1)中，影响采场顶板离层水害的主控因素包括：含水层厚度、含水层承压水头、钻孔单位涌水量(q值)、可采煤层厚度、硬岩厚度、强度系数和隔水层厚度；所述含水层厚度是指，补给离层空间的含水层厚度；所述硬岩厚度是指，与下部软岩相对的产生离层的上部硬岩的厚度；所述强度系数是指，离层空间上部硬岩与下部软岩的单轴抗压强度之比，其中上部硬岩强度较大，下部软岩强度较小；所述隔水层厚度是指，离层与导水裂隙带之间的隔水层厚度。In the step (1), the main controlling factors affecting the water damage of the roof of the stope include: aquifer thickness, aquifer bearing head, drilling unit water inflow (q value), recoverable coal seam thickness, hard rock thickness , the strength coefficient and the thickness of the aquifer; the aquifer thickness refers to the thickness of the aquifer that replenishes the separation space; the thickness of the hard rock refers to the thickness of the upper hard rock that produces the separation layer opposite to the lower soft rock; The intensity coefficient refers to the ratio of the uniaxial compressive strength of the upper hard rock to the lower soft rock, wherein the upper hard rock is stronger and the lower soft rock is less strong; the thickness of the aquifer is The thickness of the aquifer between the separation layer and the water-conducting fracture zone.
所述步骤(2)中，建立各主控因素的专题图，具体为：首先对各主控因素指标进行量化分析，再利用GIS将量化后的各主控因素的点数据进行插值，生成研究区等值线分布图，最后根据研究区等值线分布图建立对应主控因素专题图。In the step (2), a thematic map of each main control factor is established, specifically: first, quantitatively analyzing each main control factor index, and then using GIS to interpolate the quantized point data of each main control factor to generate a research The contour map of the area is finally mapped according to the contour map of the study area.
所述步骤(3)中，采用层次分析(AHP)方法对各主控因素进行评价，计算出各主控因素对顶板离层水害的影响权重，具体为：首先构建各主控因素的层次分析矩阵(AHP矩阵)，然后运用专家评分方法，对各主控因素进行评价打分，构建离层水害层次分析评价(AHP评价)的判断矩阵，最后根据判断矩阵计算各主控因素对顶板离层水害的影响权重。In the step (3), the main control factors are evaluated by the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method, and the weights of the main control factors on the water damage of the roof are calculated. The specific analysis is as follows: firstly, the hierarchical analysis of each main control factor is constructed. Matrix (AHP matrix), then use the expert scoring method to score the main control factors, construct the judgment matrix of the hierarchical water damage analysis (AHP evaluation), and finally calculate the super-layer water damage from the main control factors according to the judgment matrix. The weight of the influence.
所述步骤(4)中，利用GIS的空间复合叠加功能对归一化后的各主控因素的专题图进行复合叠加，采用的离层水害危险性评价模型为：In the step (4), the spatial superposition function of the GIS is used to superimpose the thematic maps of the normalized main control factors, and the risk assessment model for the separated water hazard is:
式中：VI为危险性指数；Wk为主要控制因素的影响权重；fk(x,y)为单因素影响值函数；(x,y)为地理坐标；n为主控因素的个数。Where: VI is the risk index; W k is the influence weight of the main control factors; f k (x, y) is the single factor influence value function; (x, y) is the geographic coordinate; n is the number of the main control factors .
所述步骤(5)中，对离层水害危险性指数进行统计分析，确定分区阈值，形成采场顶
板离层水害危险性评价分区图，具体为：首先对离层水害危险性指数进行频率直方图统计分析，可采用GIS内部的自然间断分级方法，对频率直方图统计分析结果进行分类，形成采场顶板离层水害危险性评价分区图，按照离层水涌突危险性由小到大依次划分为A、B、C、D…等区。In the step (5), statistical analysis is performed on the risk index of the separated water hazard, and the threshold of the partition is determined to form the top of the stope.
The partition map of the risk assessment of the water risk of the plate is specifically as follows: Firstly, the frequency histogram statistical analysis of the water risk index of the separated layer is carried out. The natural discontinuous grading method within the GIS can be used to classify the statistical analysis results of the frequency histogram. The area map of the risk assessment of the water damage of the top plate of the field is divided into areas such as A, B, C, D... according to the risk of the outburst water bursting from small to large.
有益效果：本发明提供的基于多源信息融合的采场顶板离层水害超前预报方法，基于矿井已有的真实地质条件勘查成果资料，根据多源信息融合理论，以GIS为操作平台，对采场顶板离层水害危险性进行超前预测预报评价分析，能够实现煤矿有针对性地对采场顶板离层水害进行防治的目的。The beneficial effects: the multi-source information fusion based on the super-predictive prediction method for the off-site water damage of the stope roof, based on the existing geological conditions of the mine, and the GIS as the operation platform according to the multi-source information fusion theory Advance prediction and evaluation analysis of the risk of water damage from the top of the field can achieve the purpose of preventing and controlling the water damage of the roof of the stope.
图1为本发明方法实施流程图1 is a flow chart of a method implementation of the present invention
下面结合附图对本发明作更进一步的说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
如图1所示，为一种基于多源信息融合的采场顶板离层水害超前预报方法，包括如下步骤：As shown in FIG. 1 , the method for predicting the fault of the water in the roof of the stope based on multi-source information fusion includes the following steps:
(1)确定影响采场顶板离层水害的主控因素。(1) Determine the main controlling factors affecting the water damage from the roof of the stope.
影响采场顶板离层水害的主控因素包括：含水层厚度、含水层承压水头、钻孔单位涌水量(q值)、可采煤层厚度、硬岩厚度、强度系数和隔水层厚度；所述含水层厚度是指，补给离层空间的含水层厚度；所述硬岩厚度是指，与下部软岩相对的产生离层的上部硬岩的厚度；所述强度系数是指，离层空间上部硬岩与下部软岩的单轴抗压强度之比，其中上部硬岩强度较大，下部软岩强度较小；所述隔水层厚度是指，离层与导水裂隙带之间的隔水层厚度。The main controlling factors affecting the water damage of the roof of the stope include: aquifer thickness, aquifer bearing head, drilling unit water inflow (q value), recoverable coal seam thickness, hard rock thickness, strength coefficient and aquifer thickness The thickness of the aquifer refers to the thickness of the aquifer that replenishes the separation space; the thickness of the hard rock refers to the thickness of the upper hard rock that is separated from the lower soft rock; the strength coefficient refers to The ratio of the uniaxial compressive strength of the upper hard rock to the lower soft rock, wherein the upper hard rock is stronger and the lower soft rock is less strong; the thickness of the aquifer is the separation layer and the water guiding fracture zone. The thickness of the aquifer between the two.
(2)基于煤矿已有的地质条件勘查成果资料，对各主控因素进行数据采集、分析和处理，建立各主控因素的专题图。(2) Based on the existing geological conditions of the coal mine, the data are collected, analyzed and processed for each main control factor, and the thematic maps of each main control factor are established.
该步骤具体为：首先对各主控因素指标进行了量化分析，再利用GIS将量化后的各主控因素的点数据进行插值，生成研究区等值线分布图，最后根据研究区等值线分布图建立对应主控因素专题图。The step is specifically as follows: firstly, the main control factor indicators are quantitatively analyzed, and then the quantized point data of each main control factor is interpolated by using GIS to generate a contour map of the study area, and finally according to the contour of the study area. The distribution map establishes a map corresponding to the main control factors.
(3)采用层次分析(AHP)方法对各主控因素进行评价，计算出各主控因素对顶板离层水害的影响权重。(3) Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method to evaluate the main controlling factors, and calculate the weight of each main controlling factor on the water damage of the roof.
在该步骤中，首先构建各主控因素的层次分析矩阵(AHP矩阵)，然后运用专家评分方法，对各主控因素进行评价打分，构建离层水害层次分析评价(AHP评价)的判断矩阵，最后根据判断矩阵计算各主控因素对顶板离层水害的影响权重，并对计算结果进行一致性检验。
In this step, the hierarchical analysis matrix (AHP matrix) of each main control factor is constructed first, and then the expert scoring method is used to score the main control factors, and the judgment matrix of the hierarchical water damage analysis and evaluation (AHP evaluation) is constructed. Finally, according to the judgment matrix, the weight of each main control factor on the water damage of the roof is calculated, and the consistency of the calculation results is tested.
(4)为消除各主控因素不同量纲对评价结果的影响，对各主控因素的影响权重进行归一化处理，建立归一化后的各主控因素的专题图，根据AHP确定的影响离层水害的各主控因素的权重系数，建立研究区离层水害危险性评价模型(式1)。利用GIS的强大信息融合及数据处理功能，依据离层水害危险性评价模型所确定准则(式1)，将归一化处理后的各主控因素的专题图进行复合叠加，形成采场顶板离层水害危险性评价图。(4) In order to eliminate the influence of different main control factors on the evaluation results, the weights of the main control factors are normalized, and the thematic maps of the normalized main control factors are established, which are determined according to AHP. The weight coefficient of each main controlling factor affecting the water damage in the layer is established, and the risk assessment model for the water risk in the study area is established (Formula 1). Using the powerful information fusion and data processing functions of GIS, according to the criteria determined by the risk assessment model for the water damage of the layer (Formula 1), the thematic maps of the main control factors after normalization are superimposed to form the roof of the stope. Layer water risk assessment chart.
式中：VI为危险性指数；Wk为主要控制因素的影响权重；fk(x,y)为单因素影响值函数；(x,y)为地理坐标；n为主控因素的个数。Where: VI is the risk index; W k is the influence weight of the main control factors; f k (x, y) is the single factor influence value function; (x, y) is the geographic coordinate; n is the number of the main control factors .
(5)对离层水害危险性指数进行统计分析，确定分区阈值，形成采场顶板离层水害危险性评价分区图。(5) Perform a statistical analysis on the risk index of the separated water hazard, determine the threshold of the division, and form a zone map for the risk assessment of the water damage of the roof of the stope.
在该步骤中，首先对离层水害危险性指数进行频率直方图统计分析，可采用GIS内部的自然间断分级方法，对频率直方图统计分析结果进行分类，形成采场顶板离层水害危险性评价分区图，按照离层水涌突危险性由小到大依次划分为A、B、C、D…等区。In this step, firstly, the frequency histogram statistical analysis is carried out on the water risk index of the separated layer. The natural discontinuous classification method inside the GIS can be used to classify the statistical analysis results of the frequency histogram to form the risk assessment of the water damage of the roof of the stope. The division map is divided into areas such as A, B, C, D... according to the risk of the outburst water bursting from small to large.
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出：对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can also make several improvements and retouchings without departing from the principles of the present invention. It should be considered as the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (6)
- 一种基于多源信息融合的采场顶板离层水害超前预报方法，其特征在于：包括如下步骤：A method for predicting the fault of water in the roof of a stope based on multi-source information fusion, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:(1)确定影响采场顶板离层水害的主控因素；(1) Determining the main controlling factors affecting the water damage from the roof of the stope;(2)基于煤矿已有的地质条件勘查成果资料，对各主控因素进行数据采集、分析和处理，建立各主控因素的专题图(2) Based on the existing geological conditions of the coal mine, the data collection, analysis and processing of each main control factor, and thematic maps of each main control factor are established.(3)采用层次分析方法对各主控因素的专题图进行评价，计算出各主控因素对顶板离层水害的影响权重；(3) Using the analytic hierarchy process to evaluate the thematic maps of each main control factor, and calculate the weight of each main control factor on the water damage of the roof.(4)对各主控因素的影响权重进行归一化处理，建立归一化后的各主控因素的专题图，利用GIS的空间复合叠加功能对归一化后的各主控因素的专题图进行复合叠加，形成采场顶板离层水害危险性评价图；(4) Normalize the influence weights of each main control factor, establish a thematic map of each main control factor after normalization, and use the spatial composite superposition function of GIS to specialize the normalized main control factors. The figure is superimposed and combined to form a risk assessment map for the water damage of the roof of the stope;(5)根据危险性评价图对离层水害危险性指数进行统计分析，确定分区阈值，形成采场顶板离层水害危险性评价分区图。(5) According to the risk assessment map, the statistical analysis of the risk index of the separated water hazard is carried out, and the threshold of the division is determined to form a zone map for the risk assessment of the water damage of the roof of the stope.
- 根据权利要求1所述的基于多源信息融合的采场顶板离层水害超前预报方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(1)中，影响采场顶板离层水害的主控因素包括：含水层厚度、含水层承压水头、钻孔单位涌水量、可采煤层厚度、硬岩厚度、强度系数和隔水层厚度；所述含水层厚度是指，补给离层空间的含水层厚度；所述硬岩厚度是指，与下部软岩相对的产生离层的上部硬岩的厚度；所述强度系数是指，离层空间上部硬岩与下部软岩的单轴抗压强度之比；所述隔水层厚度是指，离层与导水裂隙带之间的隔水层厚度。The multi-source information fusion based on the multi-source information fusion method for detecting the surface water disaster of the stope roof according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the main controlling factors affecting the water damage of the roof of the stope include: aquifer Thickness, confined head of aquifer, water inflow of drilling unit, thickness of recoverable coal seam, thickness of hard rock, strength coefficient and thickness of aquifer; said aquifer thickness refers to the thickness of aquifer replenishing the separation space; The thickness of the hard rock refers to the thickness of the upper hard rock which is separated from the lower soft rock; the strength coefficient refers to the ratio of the uniaxial compressive strength of the upper hard rock to the lower soft rock; The thickness of the aquifer refers to the thickness of the aquifer between the separation layer and the water-conducting fracture zone.
- 根据权利要求1所述的基于多源信息融合的采场顶板离层水害超前预报方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(2)中，建立各主控因素的专题图，具体为：首先对各主控因素指标进行量化分析，再利用GIS将量化后的各主控因素的点数据进行插值，生成研究区等值线分布图，最后根据研究区等值线分布图建立对应主控因素专题图。The multi-source information fusion based on the multi-source information fusion method for detecting the super-layer water disaster of the stope roof according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the thematic map of each main control factor is established, specifically: first The main control factor index is quantitatively analyzed, and then the quantized point data of each main control factor is interpolated by GIS to generate the contour map of the research area. Finally, the corresponding main control factor map is established according to the isoline distribution map of the study area. .
- 根据权利要求1所述的基于多源信息融合的采场顶板离层水害超前预报方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(3)中，采用层次分析方法对各主控因素进行评价，计算出各主控因素对顶板离层水害的影响权重，具体为：首先构建各主控因素的层次分析矩阵，然后运用专家评分方法，对各主控因素进行评价打分，构建离层水害层次分析评价的判断矩阵，最后根据判断矩阵计算各主控因素对顶板离层水害的影响权重。The multi-source information fusion based on the multi-source information fusion method for detecting the super-layer water disaster of the stope roof according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the analytic hierarchy process is used to evaluate each main control factor, and each of the calculation factors is calculated. The weight of the main control factors on the water damage of the roof is as follows: Firstly, the hierarchical analysis matrix of each main control factor is constructed, and then the expert scoring method is used to evaluate the main control factors, and the judgment of the hierarchical analysis of the water damage is established. Matrix, finally, according to the judgment matrix, calculate the weight of each main control factor on the water damage of the roof.
- 根据权利要求1所述的基于多源信息融合的采场顶板离层水害超前预报方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(4)中，利用GIS的空间复合叠加功能对归一化后的各主控因素的专题 图进行复合叠加，采用的离层水害危险性评价模型为：The multi-source information fusion based on the multi-source information fusion method for detecting the super-layer water disaster of the stope roof according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the spatial composite superposition function of the GIS is used to normalize the main masters. Control factor The figure is combined and superimposed, and the risk assessment model for the separation water risk is:
式中：VI为危险性指数；Wk为主要控制因素的影响权重；fk(x,y)为单因素影响值函数；(x,y)为地理坐标；n为主控因素的个数。Where: VI is the risk index; W k is the influence weight of the main control factors; f k (x, y) is the single factor influence value function; (x, y) is the geographic coordinate; n is the number of the main control factors . - 根据权利要求1所述的基于多源信息融合的采场顶板离层水害超前预报方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(5)中，对离层水害危险性指数进行统计分析，确定分区阈值，形成采场顶板离层水害危险性评价分区图，具体为：首先对离层水害危险性指数进行频率直方图统计分析，采用GIS内部的自然间断分级方法，对频率直方图统计分析结果进行分类，形成采场顶板离层水害危险性评价分区图。 The multi-source information fusion based on the multi-source information fusion method for detecting the superimposed water disaster of the stope roof according to claim 1, wherein in the step (5), statistical analysis is performed on the risk index of the separated water hazard, and the partition threshold is determined. The subarea map for the risk assessment of the water risk in the roof of the stope is formed. The specificity is as follows: Firstly, the frequency histogram statistical analysis is carried out on the risk index of the separated water hazard, and the statistical analysis results of the frequency histogram are classified by the natural discontinuous grading method inside the GIS. A zone map for the risk assessment of the water damage from the roof of the stope is formed.
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