CN1032357C - 含水涂料或浸渍剂组合物及多股挠性纤维长丝和光缆 - Google Patents
含水涂料或浸渍剂组合物及多股挠性纤维长丝和光缆 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种用于纤维的含水涂料组合物,含有热塑性聚氨酯胶乳和丙烯酸类胶乳,其余是水。该涂料也含有石蜡或第二种丙烯酸类胶乳。当涂布到一束玻璃纤维或一股玻璃纤维线上时,这种涂布的玻璃纤维可用于光纤和光缆中。该涂料尤其可用于减少吸入到涂布玻璃纤维线中的水。
Description
本发明涉及纤维的浸渍剂或涂料组合物。本发明的涂料组合物尤其可用于涂布用作光纤缆被覆层的连续玻璃纤维线束。
涂料组合物用于纤维上是众所周知的,而把涂料组合物涂布到这些纤维的表面则有若干原因。虽然涂料组合物通常是为了在纤维形成后的加工期间保护纤维的目的而涂布到纤维上的,但这类组合物也可以在其组合物中掺入某些能赋予有利于其使用的性质的组分。
这样涂布的纤维可用于对纤维或绳缆,例如光缆,进行外涂或被覆。典型地说,玻璃纤维用作缆或纤维的被覆层,而热塑性树脂则一般用一种挤压的外套层固化在该玻璃纤维上。被覆纤维存在一个具体问题。如果光缆的保护套一经切断或受其它方式损坏,则吸水的增强纱就使水得以进入光缆中。这样进入的水可通过直接腐蚀这些纤维或通过在冰点以下温度冻胀期间使之机械破裂而损坏光纤。
本发明提供一种用于涂布可用作绳缆或纤维被覆层或套层的玻璃纤维的浆料或涂料组合物。我们开发了本浸渍剂来减少或消除吸入涂布玻璃纤维线束中的水。
本发明提供一种可用于玻璃线的含水涂料组合物,其中包含一种热塑性聚氨酯胶乳和一种丙烯酸类胶乳。这种组合物也包括一种石蜡乳液或第二种可固化丙烯酸类胶乳。
这种含水涂料或浸渍剂组合物,按重量百分率计,基本组成为:
重量百分率热塑性聚氨酯胶乳 2~50
第一种可固化丙烯酸类胶乳 3~55
石蜡乳液或第二种可固化丙烯酸类胶乳 0.5~10
水 余额
这种含水组合物的最终固体含量范围为1~60%(重量)。
本发明可用于任何一种通常用作聚合物增强树脂的玻璃纤维。本文中所使用的“玻璃纤维”这一术语应指一股或多股熔融玻璃流被拉细所形成的纤维长丝,以及这种玻璃纤维长丝在形成过程中汇集在一起时所形成的纤维线束。这一术语也应指多股线合并和/或加捻在一起形成的纱和帘线,和由这样的玻璃纤维线、纱或帘线形成的织造织物和非织造织物。较好的是,本发明的涂料配方可用于通常能买到的纤维。
用作在线或离线工艺进料的玻璃纤维可用任何一种一般已知浆料组合物上浆,这对于熟悉本门技术的人来说是众所周知的。用于实施本发明的各种组分可从市场上买到,因此,在制备能体现本发明特色的配方时,可简单地把各组分彼此混合在一起。
更好的是,本发明包含一种含水涂料或浸渍剂组合物,按重量百分率计,其基本组成为:
重量百分率
热塑性聚氨酯胶乳 4~40
第一种可固化丙烯酸类胶乳 5~53
石蜡乳液或第二种可固化丙烯酸类胶乳 0.6~7
水 余额
该含水组合物的最终固体含量范围是1至52%(重量)。
在本发明的较好实施方案中,该含水涂料或浸渍剂组合物,按重量百分率计,基本组成为:
重量百分率
热塑性聚氨酯胶乳 20~35
第一种可固化丙烯酸类胶乳 25~45
石蜡乳液或第二种可固化丙烯酸类胶乳 3~5
水 余额
该含水组合物的最终固体含量范围是20至40%(重量)。
特别适用的聚氨酯类聚合物含水乳液是称为20 10L,20 20L,20 30L,20 40L,20 50L和20 60L的“Rucothne○”牌胶乳。这些材料都可从Hooker化学公司Ruco分公司(纽约)买到。这些材料是在水分散液中具有不同粒度高分子量脂族异氰酸酯基热塑性弹性体的热塑性聚氨酯胶乳。这些Rucothane胶乳以脂族成分为基础,在稳定乳液中的聚合物固体含量范围是55—65%(重量)。这些Rucothane胶乳在2转/分的Brook field粘度RVF4范围为从大约20 60L和20 30L胶乳的7000厘泊到20 20L胶乳的25000厘泊。可制备的聚氨酯聚合物的另一个非专属实例是从可购自E.I Dupont deNemours公司、商品名为“Hylene W”的脂肪族或脂环族异氰酸酯形成的聚氨酯胶乳。
我们所用的可固化丙烯酸类胶乳包括各种丙烯酸酯,即丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸的酯类,如甲基丙烯酸甲酯,丙烯酸甲酯,甲基丙烯酸乙酯,丙烯酸2-乙基己酯,丙烯酸丁酯等。丙烯酸类胶乳也包括二甲基丙烯酰胺,N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮,丙烯酸异冰片酯、丙烯酸和丙烯酸二环戊烯酯以及丙烯酸2-羟基乙酯,丙烯酸2-羟基丙酯,丙烯酸2-羟乙酯。
我们所用的石蜡乳液包括水溶性的,可乳化的或可分散的蜡。该蜡可以是选自下列一组的任何一种适用的蜡,即植物蜡,如巴西棕榈蜡、野漆树蜡、月桂子蜡、小烛树蜡等:动物蜡,如蜂蜡、中国蜡、氢化鲸油蜡等;矿物蜡如地蜡、褐煤蜡、纯地蜡等;合成蜡,如聚亚烃,象聚乙烯、聚乙二醇、聚亚乙酯、氯萘、山梨醇;聚氯三氟乙烯;石油蜡如石蜡、微晶石蜡等。这类蜡较好是那些有高结晶度且从石蜡源得到的,最好的是微晶蜡。微晶蜡通常是支链石蜡,其晶体结构比标准蜡小得多,粘度也高得多,是通过罐底、精制残液及其它石油废产品脱蜡获得的。
可用传统的离线或在线工艺把含水涂料组合物涂布到连续线状玻璃纤维上。在线工艺中,涂料是作为纤维形成操作中的浆料应用的。在离线工艺中,把一束输入的玻璃纤维线牵引通过一个装有含水涂料组合物的浸渍槽。多余的涂料组合物用一个剥离器模具除去。所形成的经湿浸渍或涂布的线束用传统方法干燥。这种涂布的玻璃纤维线束可以在一台炉内于高温干燥,用本门技术的行家所知道的能脱除大量水分的任何一种工艺进行。它们也可以用一种介电炉干燥。
在一种工艺中,通过把干燥或接近干燥的玻璃纤维线束缠到一台卷绕机形成捆包。这种捆包一般有5—20%(重量)残留水分。然后用炉子干燥这种捆包以便进一步脱除水分。
这种涂布的玻璃纤维尤其可用作任何类型的绳缆或纤维光缆的被覆。属于本发明预定范围的还有,这种涂布的玻璃纤维可用于众多增强产品中的任何一种。这种涂布的玻璃纤维是用一种本门技术的行家已知的方法被覆在一种绳缆或纤维上的。
用本发明的含水涂料组合物涂布的玻璃纤维优于目前已有的用传统方法涂布或用其它方法上浆的纤维,因为这种涂布的玻璃纤维具有所希望的较高热塑性树脂粉末含量。这种玻璃纤维线束在涂布后是柔软的,而且像用传统方法上浆的玻璃纤维一样容易加工。
属于本发明预定范围的还有,这样被覆的缆可以有二次涂层,或用某种类型热塑性树脂挤出物进一步涂敷,使得玻璃纤维上的热塑性树脂不仅自身熔化在一起,而且也与二次热塑性涂料完全粘合在一起。于是这提供了性能既像受拉杆件又像受压杆件的涂布玻璃纤维。
实例1
用下列组分制备的一种发明的涂料组合物:
组分 重量百分率
混合物1 混合物2
Rucothane 2010L 23% 31%
Velvitol 77-70 4% 5%
Rhoplex E-32 31% 41%
水 42% 23%
混合固体物百分率 30% 40%
线上有机物百分率(%LOI)10.5% 15.3%
商品名 制造商 组合物
Rucothane 2010L Ruco聚合物公司 聚氨酯胶乳
(乳液聚合)
Velvitol 77-70 Alkaril化学公司 石蜡乳液
Rhoplex E-32 Rohm和Haas公司 丙烯酸胶乳
在玻璃线束被涂布并适当固化之后,随机地从包上切下60.96厘米长度,悬浮在水,pyranine(Mobay化学公司)和亚甲兰指示剂染料的混合物上面,使玻璃线束的末端正好浸入水里。
在紫外光下,在不同的时间间隔,用尺子测量水吸入该线中的上升高度。我们绘制原始数据“吸水高度(英寸)”对“时间(分)”关系曲线。“200min”记号实际上超过24—48小时吸水。在长的吸水时间,吸水高度从大约11.4厘米减少到平均1.96厘米。这与购买的有竞争性产品比较,其吸水高度从大约2.54厘米到8.89厘米以上(取决于样品取自于包中的位置),在染料浴中长时间暴露吸水平均值为大约3.89厘米。新的浸渍剂大大减少水吸入到纤维线束中的高度。
虽然本发明已详细地并参照具体实施方案做了说明,但对于熟悉本门技术的人来说,显而易见的是,在不违背本发明精神和范围的情况下,可对其做各种变化和修改。
Claims (21)
1.一种含水涂料或浸渍剂组合物,按重量百分率计,其基本组成为:
重量百分率热塑性聚氨酯胶乳 2-50第一种可固化丙烯酸类胶乳 3-55石蜡乳液或第二种可固化丙烯酸类胶乳 0.5-10水 余额
该含水组合物的最终固体含量范围是1-60%(重量)。
2.按照权利要求1的含水组合物,按重量百分率计,其组成为:
重量百分率热塑性聚氨酯胶乳 2-50第一种可固化丙烯酸类胶乳 3-55石蜡乳液 0.5-10水 余额
该含水组合物的最终固体含量范围是1-60%(重量)。
3.一种多股挠性纤维长丝,所述长丝表面至少有一部分涂布了权利要求1含水涂料组合物中的水被蒸发后产生的残留物。
4.按照权利要求3的纤维长丝,其中该长丝是由玻璃制成的。
5.一种光缆,它包含一层基本上覆盖光缆的增强材料,该增强材料包括涂布了权利要求1含水涂料组合物中的水被蒸发后产生的残余物的连续纤维长丝。
6.一种含水涂料或浸渍剂组合物,按重量百分率计,其基本组成为:
重量百分率热塑性聚氨酯胶乳 4-40第一种可固化丙烯酸类胶乳 5-53石蜡乳液或第二种可固化丙烯酸类胶乳 0.6-7水 余额
该含水组合物的最终固体含量范围是1-52%(重量)。
7.按照权利要求6的含水组合物,按重量百分率计,其组成为:
重量百分率热塑性聚氨酯胶乳 4-40第一种可固化丙烯酸类胶乳 5-53石蜡乳液 0.6-7水 余额
8.一种多股挠性纤维长丝,所述长丝表面至少有一部分涂布了权利要求6含水涂料组合物中的水被蒸发后产生的残留物。
9.按照权利要求8的纤维长丝,其中该长丝是由玻璃制成的。
10.一种光缆,它包含一层基本上覆盖光缆的增强材料,该增强材料包括涂布了权利要求6含水涂料组合物中的水蒸发后产生的残留物的连续纤维长丝。
11.一种含水涂料或浸渍剂组合物,按重量百分率计,其基本组成为:
重量百分率热塑性聚氨酯胶乳 20-35第一种可固化丙烯酸类胶乳 25-45石蜡乳液或第二种可固化丙烯酸类胶乳 3-5水 余额
该含水组合物的最终固体含量范围是20-40%(重量)。
12.按照权利要求11的含水组合物,按重量百分率计,其组成为:
重量百分率热塑性聚氨酯胶乳 20-35第一种可固化丙烯酸类胶乳 25-45石蜡乳液 3-5水 余额
该含水组合物的最终固体含量范围是20-40%(重量)。
13.一种多股挠性纤维长丝,所述长丝表面至少有一部分涂布了权利要求11含水涂料组合物中的水被蒸发后产生的残留物。
14.按照权利要求13的纤维长丝,其中该长丝是由玻璃制成的。
15.一种光缆,它包含一层基本上覆盖光缆的增强材料,该增强材料包括涂布了权利要求11含水涂料组合物中的水被蒸发后产生的残留物的连续纤维长丝。
16.一种含水涂料或浸渍剂组合物,按重量百分率计,由以下成分组成:
重量百分率热塑性聚氨酯胶乳 23第一种可固化丙烯酸类胶乳 31石蜡乳液或第二种可固化丙烯酸类胶乳 4水 42
该含水组合物的最终固体含量范围是30%(重量)。
17.一种多股挠性纤维长丝,所述长丝表面至少有一部分涂布了权利要求16含水涂料组合物中的水被蒸发后产生的残留物。
18.按照权利要求17的纤维长丝,其中该长丝是由玻璃制成的。
19.一种光缆,它包含一层基本上覆盖光缆的增强材料,该增强材料包括涂布了权利要求16含水涂料组合物中的水被蒸发后产生的残留物的连续纤维长丝。
20.一种含水涂料或浸渍剂组合物,按重量百分率计,由以下成分组成:
重量百分率热塑性聚氨酯胶乳 31第一种可固化丙烯酸类胶乳 41石蜡乳液或第二种可固化丙烯酸类胶乳 5水 23
该含水组合物的最终固体含量范围是40%(重量)。
21.一种光纤,它包含一层基本上覆盖光纤的增强材料,该增强材料包括涂布了权利要求20含水涂料组合物的水被蒸发后产生的残留物的连续纤维长丝。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US07/732,526 US5182784A (en) | 1991-07-19 | 1991-07-19 | Optical fiber or filament reinforcement coating |
US732,526 | 1991-07-19 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN1069043A CN1069043A (zh) | 1993-02-17 |
CN1032357C true CN1032357C (zh) | 1996-07-24 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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CN92105922A Expired - Fee Related CN1032357C (zh) | 1991-07-19 | 1992-07-18 | 含水涂料或浸渍剂组合物及多股挠性纤维长丝和光缆 |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5182784A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0549766B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP3171849B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100221853B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1032357C (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2323292A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2090035A1 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE69211515T2 (zh) |
FI (1) | FI931205A (zh) |
HK (1) | HK1008011A1 (zh) |
MX (1) | MX9204152A (zh) |
TW (1) | TW210379B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO1993002020A1 (zh) |
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-
1991
- 1991-07-19 US US07/732,526 patent/US5182784A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1992
- 1992-07-06 CA CA002090035A patent/CA2090035A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-07-06 AU AU23232/92A patent/AU2323292A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-07-06 DE DE69211515T patent/DE69211515T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-07-06 KR KR1019930700651A patent/KR100221853B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-07-06 JP JP50282893A patent/JP3171849B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-07-06 EP EP92915461A patent/EP0549766B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-07-06 WO PCT/US1992/005644 patent/WO1993002020A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1992-07-10 TW TW081105487A patent/TW210379B/zh active
- 1992-07-15 MX MX9204152A patent/MX9204152A/es unknown
- 1992-07-18 CN CN92105922A patent/CN1032357C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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1993
- 1993-03-18 FI FI931205A patent/FI931205A/fi unknown
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1998
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69211515T2 (de) | 1997-02-13 |
EP0549766A1 (en) | 1993-07-07 |
FI931205A0 (fi) | 1993-03-18 |
DE69211515D1 (de) | 1996-07-18 |
AU2323292A (en) | 1993-02-23 |
KR930702239A (ko) | 1993-09-08 |
FI931205A (fi) | 1993-03-18 |
CN1069043A (zh) | 1993-02-17 |
EP0549766B1 (en) | 1996-06-12 |
HK1008011A1 (en) | 1999-04-30 |
JP3171849B2 (ja) | 2001-06-04 |
JPH06501911A (ja) | 1994-03-03 |
TW210379B (zh) | 1993-08-01 |
WO1993002020A1 (en) | 1993-02-04 |
MX9204152A (es) | 1993-08-01 |
KR100221853B1 (ko) | 1999-09-15 |
CA2090035A1 (en) | 1993-01-20 |
US5182784A (en) | 1993-01-26 |
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