CN103230255A - Device and method for diagnosing blood vessel blockage part - Google Patents
Device and method for diagnosing blood vessel blockage part Download PDFInfo
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- CN103230255A CN103230255A CN 201310103575 CN201310103575A CN103230255A CN 103230255 A CN103230255 A CN 103230255A CN 201310103575 CN201310103575 CN 201310103575 CN 201310103575 A CN201310103575 A CN 201310103575A CN 103230255 A CN103230255 A CN 103230255A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for diagnosing a blood vessel blockage part. The device comprises a controller, a display module, a laser device, a coupling device for collecting laser light emitted from the laser device, a transmission optical fiber connected with the coupling device, and a detector for collecting reflected laser light from the coupling device, wherein the output end of the controller is connected with the display module and the laser device respectively; and the input end of the controller is connected with the detector. The device has the following advantages: the positioning operation is accurate, a blood vessel blockage point can be quickly obtained, a plurality of blood vessel blockage points can be detected at the same time, a clear blood vessel blockage curve can be obtained and is simple and clear, the detection range is wide, the missed diagnosis rate is low, a contrast agent is not required, the non-blockage situation at the far end of the blockage part can be also confirmed at the same time, a reliable diagnosis basis is provided for surgical selection, and the detection of the blockage part cannot be influenced due to change of blood flow speed and blood flow waveform caused by limb extrusion. The device is simple in structure, convenient in operation, minimally-invasive and high in safety.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the diagnostic device of blood vessel blockage, particularly a kind of the diagnostic equipment and diagnostic method thereof with laser diagnostics blood vessel blockage position.
Background technology
The latest data of announcing according to The World Health Organization (WHO) shows that the cardiovascular diseases is the murderous main reason of global range.Every dead 3 philtrums in the worldwide are cardiovascular disease with regard to the cause of the death that 1 people is arranged.Cardiovascular diseases's mortality rate becomes " first killer " of human health far above other disease that comprises cancer, acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).
Report shows, Chinese cardiovascular disease is continuously the first cause of death of resident from nineteen ninety.The death toll that cardiovascular disease in 2008 causes has accounted for 40.27% of the total death toll in the whole nation, and especially between twenty and fifty death toll increase in 35～54 years old is the swiftest and the most violent.2010-2030, because aged tendency of population and population growth, Chinese cardiovascular disease generation is counted ascensional range and is surpassed 50%.If do not controlled, to the year two thousand thirty China's coronary heart disease prevalence will increase by 3.7 times than 2000, Chinese cardiovascular patient will increase by 2,130 ten thousand, the cardiovascular death number will increase by 7,700,000, mainly die from heart disease and apoplexy.
Blood vessel blockage is the main cause that causes the cardiovascular diseases.A variety of causes makes hematodinamics change and causes partly or entirely stopping up particular blood vessel thereby blood vessel blockage refers to blood circulation.Blood vessel blockage is many by due to the blood vessel of pathological changes, and normal blood vessel also can block suddenly.Angiemphraxis roughly comprises: 1) the outer factor of blood vessel wall, cause blood vessel that huge hematoma, the factors such as contraction of scar tissue take place on every side as local tumor compressing, wound.The blood vessel wall of vein is thinner, so this thing happens easily; 2) factor of blood vessel wall itself as wound, direct stimulation and medicine, can cause the strong contraction of blood vessel wall muscle, and tube chamber can form a property crossed or permanence is entirely shut; 3) factor of lesion vessels: the wall of vein inflammation is concurrent thrombosis often, and a lot of arterial wall atherosclerotic lesions can make the narrow and small generation thrombosis of tube chamber.4) factor in the lumen of vessels mainly is thrombosis or thromboembolism.Thromboembolism refers to that some unusual material is transported to another place with blood flow by a place in the blood circulation, is parked in the angiemphraxis that causes in the less blood vessel.Embolus by thrombosis comes off and forms claims the thrombosis embolus.Embolus can be solid, liquid or gas, and wherein the thrombosis embolus is maximum.The embolus that other has antibacterial, parasite, tumor cell, fat drop, amniotic fluid or air to form.
Modal two classes of angiemphraxis are former because thrombosis and thromboembolism.Be more common in middle-aged and elderly people, nothing is showing sex difference.The former main and hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, hyperlipemia, age, tobacco and wine etc. cause blood vessel scleratheroma and then obstruction.The latter is occluding vascular because heart, lower limb or other position emboluses come off.Angiemphraxis causes circulatory disturbance, and obstruction of artery causes tissue ischemia, and vein obstruction causes organizes the stagnation of the blood.Tremulous pulse or vein completeness are blocked, if there are not enough side Zhi Xunhuan, can lead to grave consequences in local organization, cause ischemia, the stagnation of the blood, and severe patient can cause tissue necrosis, infarction and gangrene.
The disability rate of the cardiovascular disease that angiemphraxis causes and mortality rate are all very high.This is closely related with the characteristics of disease itself.Patient's premorbid that most cardiovascular stop up does not all have manifest signs.And on the other hand, although some people feels at ordinary times to be wrong with, to wait and arrive in the examination in hospital heart and brain electrograph that has nothing obvious again and iconography changes, often cause the delay of the state of an illness.
The most of patients blood vessel blockage does not have clinical symptoms in early days, has only blood vessel blockage to surpass at 70% o'clock and just symptom can occur.Three kinds of cardinal symptoms that blood vessel blockage occurs are: 1) the cerebrovascular obstruction can occur that dizziness, daytime are felt sleepy, hypomnesis; 2) vexed, the asthma, nervous of brain can appear in the cardiovascular obstruction; 3) the extremity vascular obstruction can occur having the pins and needles send out cool weak etc.Serious blood vessel blockage can make patient that hemiplegia takes place, disturbance of consciousness, and sensory disturbance, serious also may go into a coma even threat to life.Blood vessel blockage is a kind of harm people ' s health, and life-threatening influences labour force's commonly encountered diseases and frequently-occurring disease.
Level diagnosis to the blood vessel blockage position is directly connected to the method selection of operation and the success or failure of operation, and its clinical symptoms of blood vessel blockage is changeable, lacks common Radiologic imaging, and clinical diagnosis often is difficult to, and many blood vessel blockage patients belong to an asymptomatic class.U.S.'s report is 71% to the blood vessel blockage rate of missed diagnosis, and China's report rate of missed diagnosis is 79%, and therefore correct diagnosis is the key for the treatment of.
The location at blood vessel blockage position is very difficult clinical problem always, also is continuity years of researches focuses, can have much for the localization method at the blood vessel blockage position of clinical use at present, as angiography, doppler ultrasound, CT and magnetic resonance etc.
Angiography is considered to diagnose " goldstandard " of pulmonary embolism, rate of accuracy reached 95%, but this method belongs to traumatic inspection, and needs of patients is accepted intubate and contrast examination, complication higher (6%), case fatality rate is 0.5%.Simultaneously because blood vessel is overlapping embolus is shown be restricted, anxious heavy patient's inspection may be carried out hardly.
Doppler ultrasound surveys that to define no thrombosis not difficult, and carrying out clear and definite level diagnosis, to depend merely on general detection obviously be not enough.For example after a certain section dark vein stops up, except stopping up the section venous blood flow disappears, the blood flow of unobstructed section vein tube chamber of its far-end also often survey less than, easily by mistaken diagnosis for stopping up; Need to drape over one's shoulders the method for visiting blood vessel far-end limbs by blocking-up superficial vein blood flow and extruding this moment and distinguished, unobstructed as being visited the vein tube chamber, when pushing and loosen extruding, can visit and undulatory property blood flow ripple.
CT can not only block as the direct demonstration of angiography, and non-invasive and economical and practical, has been widely used in the diagnosis of blood vessel blockage.Compare with angiography and radioisotope scanning, CT more can provide significant specific information or determine the inspection method of diagnosis.But the necessary injection of contrast medium of CT could show pulmonary artery preferably with enhanced ct scans.Because it only can obtain cross-sectional image, acquire a certain degree of difficulty at single aspect differentiation pulmonary artery and pulmonary vein; For complete demonstration pulmonary artery, need carry out that the continous thin layer CT scan is come of age, sagittal reconstruction, breathing state influences the position of imaging aspect in addition, but the CT Pulmonic big thrombosis of display centre only is limited in the diagnosis effect of thrombosis.
Magnetic resonance is a kind of new blood vessel imaging technology that development in recent years is got up, and sensitivity reaches 85%, and specificity reaches 95%, but the diagnosis of section and inferior section is had certain difficulty; The scanning speed of electron beam ct (EBCT) is fast, does not have motion artifacts, clear picture.But its acquisition cost height, patients ' expenses is big, thereby impracticable to general patient.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art, to provide a kind of diagnostic equipment and diagnostic method thereof that utilizes laser accurately to diagnose the blood vessel blockage position.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of blood vessel blockage topical diagnosis device, the detector that comprises controller, display module, laser instrument, the coupling device of collection laser instrument emission laser, the Transmission Fibers that is connected with coupling device, collection coupling device reflector laser, described controller output end is connected with display module, laser instrument respectively, and the input of described controller is connected with detector.
Described coupling device adopts bonder or shunt.
Described coupling device is arranged on laser instrument luminous end side, and described coupling device is arranged on the detector side.
Described laser instrument is used for sending laser and enters coupling device, and laser enters Transmission Fibers by coupling device;
Described coupling device is used for laser is imported blood vessel to be measured by Transmission Fibers, and will run into the laser-bounce that reflects by Transmission Fibers behind the tamper in the blood vessel to detector;
Described controller is used for the signal of telecommunication that the reflector laser according to the detector collection is converted into, and calculates blood vessel blockage point position and is shown on the display module.
Described blood vessel blockage point equals time T divided by light beam C apart from the distance B of optical fiber insertion point, D=T/C, and wherein time T is the time that light beam transmits in blood vessel.
Described laser instrument adopts solid state laser or gas laser or semiconductor laser or optical fiber laser or dye laser, and the optical maser wavelength that described laser instrument sends is the 9-11 micron.
Described controller adopts computer.
Described detector comprises photodetector, preamplifier and signal condition module, and photodetector adopts PIN photodiode or APD avalanche photodide, and described coupling device adopts dual pathways single directional light line structure.
The core diameter of described Transmission Fibers is the 50-800 micron, and described display module adopts LCD or light-emitting diode display.
A kind of diagnostic method that uses blood vessel blockage topical diagnosis device to carry out blood vessel blockage point, described method may further comprise the steps:
A) described laser instrument, the laser that is used for sending wavelength and is the 9-11 micron enters coupler/splitter, and laser enters Transmission Fibers by coupler/splitter; Coupler/splitter imports blood vessel to be measured with laser by Transmission Fibers, and will run into the laser-bounce that reflects by Transmission Fibers behind the tamper in the blood vessel to detector; Controller is according to the signal of telecommunication that the reflector laser of detector collection is converted into, and calculates blood vessel blockage point position and is shown on the display.
The present invention adopts said structure, has the following advantages: 1, accurate positioning, can obtain blood vessel blockage point fast and can detect a plurality of blood vessel blockage points simultaneously, can obtain pure and fresh blood vessel blockage curve, simple and clear; 2, the scope of Jian Ceing is wide, rate of missed diagnosis is low, do not need the unobstructed situation that contrast agent simultaneously can also clear and definite block part far-end, for the selection of operation provides reliable diagnosis basis; 3, the variation of the blood flow rate that can not cause because of the extruding of limbs the detection of block part and blood flow waveform and influenced.Simple in structure, handled easily, Wicresoft, safe.Adopt liquid crystal display, have display quality height, digital interface, volume is little, in light weight and advantage such as low in energy consumption.Volume is little, be easy to carry, disposable input life-time service, expense are low; 4, little to the human body infringement, the energy that wavelength produces is harmless to human body, has avoided the cardiovascular of traditional routine to detect the wound that plug in conduit causes human body simultaneously.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further detailed explanation below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments;
Fig. 1 is building-block of logic of the present invention;
In Fig. 1,1, controller; 2, display module; 3, laser instrument; 4, coupling device; 5, Transmission Fibers; 6, detector.
The specific embodiment
A kind of blood vessel blockage topical diagnosis device as shown in Figure 1, the detector 6 that comprises controller 1, display module 2, laser instrument 3, the coupling device 4 of gathering laser instrument 3 emission laser, the Transmission Fibers 5 that is connected with coupling device 4, collection coupling device 4 reflector lasers, controller 1 outfan is connected with display module 2, laser instrument 3 respectively, and the input of controller 1 is connected with detector 6.Coupling device 4 adopts bonder or shunt.
The optical maser wavelength that laser instrument 3 sends is the 9-11 micron.The optical maser wavelength that laser instrument sends can be 10 microns, and power is 5 milliwatts.Controller 1 can adopt computer, also can adopt other controllers of the electric signal function of switch, pick-up probe 6 transmission with control laser instrument 3.Detector 6 comprises photodetector, preamplifier and signal condition module, photodetector adopts PIN photodiode or APD avalanche photodide, described coupling device adopts dual pathways single directional light line structure, and system comprises and expands and colimated light system.Coupling device carries out beam-expanding collimation to the laser that laser instrument sends.The core diameter of Transmission Fibers is the 50-800 micron, and described display module adopts LCD or light-emitting diode display.
The Transmission Fibers core diameter can be 100 microns, 200 microns, 400 microns, 600 microns equidimensions, and the laser power that can bear is greater than the laser power of laser instrument output.What controller adopted is the method for designing of synchronous circuit, synchronous circuit makes the system synchronization running by using clock, mainly constituted by sequential logic depositor and various trigger and combination logic, it all will finish all operations under the strictness control of clock, these sequential logical circuits share same clock, and finish all change of state at the rising edge of clock.
The human vas wall is that 10 microns laser is total reflection to wavelength, and wavelength is that 10 microns laser is propagated in human vas and is equivalent to propagate in optical fiber.When light is propagated, can produce optical phenomenas such as Rayleigh scattering, Brillouin scattering, Raman scattering and Fresnel reflection in blood vessel.When light is propagated, running into the tamper of internal blood vessel in human vas, light is scattering backward, the light of scattering turns back in the detector backward, detector is converted to photoelectric current to the light of propagating backward in the blood vessel by photodetector, and the signal of telecommunication that produces amplified shaping, partly carry out signals collecting, processing for subsequent conditioning circuit; Detector mainly partly is made up of photodetector, preamplifier and signal condition.Determine distance function through the signal that detector is handled by the attenuation function that calculates in blood vessel, and then the position of tamper in definite blood vessel.
A kind of diagnostic method that uses blood vessel blockage topical diagnosis device to carry out blood vessel blockage point, method may further comprise the steps:
Described laser instrument, the laser that is used for sending wavelength and is the 9-11 micron enters coupler/splitter, and laser enters Transmission Fibers by coupler/splitter; Coupler/splitter imports blood vessel to be measured with laser by Transmission Fibers, and will run into the laser-bounce that reflects by Transmission Fibers behind the tamper in the blood vessel to detector; Controller is according to the signal of telecommunication that the reflector laser of detector collection is converted into, and calculates blood vessel blockage point position and is shown on the display.Blood vessel blockage point equals time T divided by light beam C apart from the distance B of optical fiber insertion point, D=T/C, and wherein time T is the time that light beam transmits in blood vessel.
This device and diagnostic method accurate positioning, can obtain blood vessel blockage point fast and can detect a plurality of blood vessel blockage points simultaneously, can obtain pure and fresh blood vessel blockage curve, simple and clear.The scope that this device detects is wide, rate of missed diagnosis is low, do not need the unobstructed situation that contrast agent simultaneously can also clear and definite block part far-end, for the selection of operation provides reliable diagnosis basis.The blood flow rate that can not cause because of the extruding of limbs the detection of block part and the variation of blood flow waveform and influenced.Simple in structure, handled easily, Wicresoft, safe.This device adopts liquid crystal display, has display quality height, digital interface, volume is little, in light weight and advantage such as low in energy consumption.Volume is little, be easy to carry, disposable input life-time service, expense are low.
By reference to the accompanying drawings the present invention has been carried out exemplary description above; obviously specific implementation of the present invention is not subjected to the restriction of aforesaid way; as long as the various improvement of having adopted method design of the present invention and technical scheme to carry out; or directly apply to other occasion without improvement, all within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. blood vessel blockage topical diagnosis device, it is characterized in that: the detector (6) that comprises controller (1), display module (2), laser instrument (3), the coupling device (4) of gathering laser instrument (3) emission laser, the Transmission Fibers (5) that is connected with coupling device (4), collection coupling device (4) reflector laser, described controller (1) outfan is connected with display module (2), laser instrument (3) respectively, and the input of described controller (1) is connected with detector (6).
2. a kind of blood vessel blockage topical diagnosis device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described coupling device (4) employing bonder or shunt.
3. a kind of blood vessel blockage topical diagnosis device according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described coupling device (4) is arranged on laser instrument (3) luminous end side, and described coupling device (4) is arranged on detector (6) side.
4. a kind of blood vessel blockage topical diagnosis device according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described laser instrument (3), and be used for sending laser and enter coupling device (4), laser enters Transmission Fibers by coupling device (4);
Described coupling device (4) is used for laser is imported blood vessel to be measured by Transmission Fibers, and will run into the laser-bounce that reflects by Transmission Fibers behind the tamper in the blood vessel to detector;
Described controller (1) is used for the signal of telecommunication that the reflector laser according to the detector collection is converted into, and calculates blood vessel blockage point position and is shown on the display module.
5. a kind of blood vessel blockage topical diagnosis device according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described blood vessel blockage point equals time T divided by light beam C apart from the distance B of optical fiber insertion point, D=T/C, wherein time T is the time that light beam transmits in blood vessel.
6. a kind of blood vessel blockage topical diagnosis device according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described laser instrument adopts solid state laser or gas laser or semiconductor laser or optical fiber laser or dye laser, and the optical maser wavelength that described laser instrument (3) sends is the 9-11 micron.
7. a kind of blood vessel blockage topical diagnosis device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described controller (1) employing computer.
8. a kind of blood vessel blockage topical diagnosis device according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described detector (6) comprises photodetector, preamplifier and signal condition module, photodetector adopts PIN photodiode or APD avalanche photodide, and described coupling device adopts dual pathways single directional light line structure.
9. a kind of blood vessel blockage topical diagnosis device according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: the core diameter of described Transmission Fibers is the 50-800 micron, described display module adopts LCD or light-emitting diode display.
10. a use such as each described blood vessel blockage topical diagnosis device of claim 1-9 carry out the diagnostic method of blood vessel blockage point, and it is characterized in that: described method may further comprise the steps:
A) described laser instrument, the laser that is used for sending wavelength and is the 9-11 micron enters coupler/splitter, and laser enters Transmission Fibers by coupler/splitter; Coupler/splitter imports blood vessel to be measured with laser by Transmission Fibers, and will run into the laser-bounce that reflects by Transmission Fibers behind the tamper in the blood vessel to detector; Controller is according to the signal of telecommunication that the reflector laser of detector collection is converted into, and calculates blood vessel blockage point position and is shown on the display.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103479332A (en) * | 2013-09-03 | 2014-01-01 | 河海大学 | Internal arteriovenous fistula pulse test system |
| CN107684440A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-02-13 | 绍兴市中医院 | The detection method and its device of a kind of thrombus |
| CN109674509A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-04-26 | 齐有菊 | A kind of liver and gallbladder blood vessel blockage positioning treatment apparatus |
| CN110638466A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2020-01-03 | 广东普洛宇飞生物科技有限公司 | Positioning device and method |
-
2013
- 2013-03-27 CN CN 201310103575 patent/CN103230255A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103479332A (en) * | 2013-09-03 | 2014-01-01 | 河海大学 | Internal arteriovenous fistula pulse test system |
| CN103479332B (en) * | 2013-09-03 | 2015-03-11 | 河海大学 | Internal arteriovenous fistula pulse test system |
| CN107684440A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-02-13 | 绍兴市中医院 | The detection method and its device of a kind of thrombus |
| CN109674509A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-04-26 | 齐有菊 | A kind of liver and gallbladder blood vessel blockage positioning treatment apparatus |
| CN109674509B (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2021-03-30 | 齐有菊 | Liver and gall blood vessel blocking and positioning treatment device |
| CN110638466A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2020-01-03 | 广东普洛宇飞生物科技有限公司 | Positioning device and method |
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Application publication date: 20130807 |