CN103229895A - Rheum officinale extract and application thereof - Google Patents
Rheum officinale extract and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103229895A CN103229895A CN2013101919131A CN201310191913A CN103229895A CN 103229895 A CN103229895 A CN 103229895A CN 2013101919131 A CN2013101919131 A CN 2013101919131A CN 201310191913 A CN201310191913 A CN 201310191913A CN 103229895 A CN103229895 A CN 103229895A
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- anthraquinone
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- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses rheum officinale extract and an application thereof. The rheum officinale extract is prepared by the following method of: crushing the rheum officinale, adding an HCl solution with mass concentration of 10wt%-15wt%, wherein the weight-volume ratio of the rheum officinale powder to the HCl solution is 1:(6g/ml-10g/ml); hydrolyzing for 2-3 hours at 45 DEG C to 65 DEG C, filtering, washing filter residues to neutral by water; refluxing and extracting by an alcohol solution with volume fraction of 85%-95% with extracting time being 2-3 hours once, repeatedly extracting for 3-4 times, partially concentrating liquid to recycle alcohol until the concentrated solution with the solid content of 10wt%-15wt% is obtained after filtering or centrifuging; spraying and drying the concentrated solution under 160 DEG C to 180 DEG C to obtain the rheum officinale extract. The rheum officinale extract disclosed by the invention is added to an animal compound feed for use. The rheum officinale extract disclosed by the invention has the effects of improving intestinal health, improving liver function and promoting detoxification, so that the sow reproductive capacity can be improved. Moreover, the rheum officinale is free of toxic and side effects, free of drug resistance, free of residues in animal products and can be added for a long time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Chinese rhubarb extract and application thereof, especially relate to a kind of Chinese rhubarb extract and the application in the animal dispelling toxicity, detoxicating thereof.
Background technology
Rheum officinale is the general name of polygonaceae Rheum herbaceos perennial, there are 41 kinds of rheum officinale and 4 mutation in China, medical value is nearly all arranged, wherein included have only 3 kinds as medicinal material by " pharmacopeia ", be i.e. the dry root and rhizome of sorrel, the ancient especially big Huang of Tang and Rheum officinale.Rheum officinale mainly is distributed in ground such as China Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, Sichuan, Hubei and Yunnan.Rheum officinale is China's traditional Chinese medicine, Shennong's Herbal record rheum officinale has the effect of " main extravasated blood, blood down close fever and chills, broken disease, gather, stay drink place food, cleanse stomach ", modern pharmacological research shows, rheum officinale also has purging fire and cooling blood, clearing heat and detoxicating, normalizing gallbladder to cure jaundice, protect the liver the effects such as kidney, antibiotic, anti-inflammatory, adjusting immunity of protecting.The rheum officinale complex chemical composition, its main active ingredient is anthraquinone derivatives, comprises Rhein, archen, Chrysophanol, aloe-emodin, Physcion and glycosides compound thereof etc.Except above-mentioned 3 kinds of genuine rhubarbs, anthraquinone derivatives also is prevalent in the root, stem, leaf of other Rheum plants.When utilizing genuine rhubarb root and rhizome medicinal material part, how to utilize the aerial part resource that accounts for total resources 50% and the puppet product rheum officinale of ABUNDANT NATUREAL RESOURSES, saving, utilize resources synthetically there are very important meaning.
At present, big country is cultured by China, but is not to culture power, and problems such as eqpidemic disease, medicament residue, environmental pollution are restricting spreading unchecked of China's aquaculture lasting healthy development, especially eqpidemic disease and extremely perplexing the numerous raisers of China.The violation of antibiotic, antiviral drugs is used and is caused animal liver and kidney, immune system damage, and it is the basic reason that causes the eqpidemic disease refractory, shows effect repeatedly that animal toxin expelling, detoxifcation, resistance against diseases reduce.The intrusion of external source toxin causes animal immunizing power low, the delay of endogenous toxin causes these problems such as animal liver pathological changes, digestion and excretory system poisoning, not only cause growth retardation, the resistance against diseases of animal to descend, influence the reproductive performance of animal simultaneously, often cause breeding animals miscarriage, stillborn foetus, general feelings and weak son, piglet obstetric table diarrhoea etc.Toxin is main cause and the root of all diseases, promotes the animal dispelling toxicity, detoxicating, and improving the animal liver and kidney function, improving animal autoimmunity is to promote aquaculture to develop in a healthy way, improve the basic method of raiser's economic benefit.
The cholagogic of rheum officinale protects the liver, detoxifies, removes endotoxin, promotes liver cell to repair and promotes enteron aisle to the effects such as eliminating of poisonous substance, for treatment animal intestinal illness, viral liver disease, promotion animal dispelling toxicity, detoxicating, raising animal liver and kidney function provide pharmacological basis.Anthraquinone analog compound is the main active of rheum officinale, and most of with the existence of mating type (anthraquinone glycoside) form in plant, fraction is free type (anthraquinone aglycon).Wherein the combined anthraquinone compounds is to cause the main component of rushing down toxin expelling, and discharge function is strong.And free type anthraquinone analog compound is the rheum officinale normalizing gallbladder to cure jaundice and protects the liver the main matter basis of protecting the kidney effect, and discharge function is faint.If the rhubarb anthraquinone extract is applied to promote the animal dispelling toxicity, detoxicating, the causing the effect of rushing down by force and will have a negative impact to animal body of rhubarb-combined anthraquinone compounds.Medical drugs in the tradition, after Chinese medicine of the same race adopts the different processes of preparing Chinese medicine or different decocting method, be used for the treatment of various disease, its essence is to concoct means or the poisonous or side effect material of decocting method removal by difference, keeps the material that corresponding disease is had result for the treatment of.As theoretical foundation, the traditional extraction process of improvement rheum officinale, key is to decompose most of combined anthraquinone compounds and is free type, reduce the effect of rushing down that causes, improve rheum officinale and protect the liver the function of protecting kidney, detoxifcation, simultaneously reserve part combined anthraquinone class to be guaranteeing its functions of expelling toxin, and determines the ratio of two kinds of anthraquinone analog compounds in extract, makes its dispelling toxicity, detoxicating effect reach the best.
At present, a lot of to the Study on extraction process report of anthraquinone analog compound in the rheum officinale, mainly concentrate on the extraction and separation process of rhubarb free type anthraquinone and general anthraquinone is studied this two aspects.The aglycon of combined anthraquinone compounds has phenolic hydroxyl group, thus be faintly acid, can be water-soluble, ethanol, sodium bicarbonate solution, the solubility in organic solvent is very little.Dissociated anthraquinone compounds polarity is little, is soluble in organic solvents such as chloroform, ether and water insoluble.
It is the rheum officinale extraction process that detects index with the general rhubarb anthraquinone, adopt ethanolic solution reflux extraction and one step of alkaline solution extraction method to extract mostly, reported that as the ardent grade of leaf concentration, the feed liquid of extracting etoh solvent solution when extract temperature to the influence of general rhubarb anthraquinone recovery rate in " experiment of general rhubarb anthraquinone alcohol extract process optimization " (" time precious traditional Chinese medical science traditional Chinese medicines ", 2010 the 21st the 10th phases of volume) literary composition.CN 102166265A discloses a kind of with the auxiliary alkaline solution extraction of ultrasonic wave general rhubarb anthraquinone compound, has improved extraction yield and the extraction efficiency of general anthraquinone compound simultaneously.
Serving as main the extraction in the Study of indexes with free type anthraquinone, adopt two kinds of methods mostly, the one, utilize ethanolic solution or alkaline solution to extract general anthraquinone in the raw material (most of for combined anthraquinone) fully earlier after, in extract, add the acid of capacity then, make whole combined anthraquinone compounds be converted into free type, extract the purpose that obtains free type anthraquinone compounds thereby reach.A kind of dissociated anthraquinone medicinal extract and preparation method of extracting from rheum officinale disclosed as CN 1162388C, extract the general anthraquinone compounds with alcohol reflux, add the decompression of acid back at extract and concentrate, make whole combined anthraquinones all be converted into free type anthraquinone, improve the extraction yield of free type anthraquinone; The 2nd, after elder generation carries out complete acid hydrolysis to combined anthraquinone in the raw material, utilize refluxing extraction such as weak polar solvent such as chloroform, carrene, ether to obtain free type anthraquinone.(anthraquinone derivative hydrolysis and extraction process are improved research to Yuan Lvjiang etc. in the rheum officinale, " traditional Chinese medicine academic periodical ", the 22nd 10 phases of volume of October in 2004) combined anthraquinone hydrolysis and extraction process in the rheum officinale have been carried out more detailed research, finally determine with 20% sulfuric acid at 70 ℃ of hydrolysis combined anthraquinones, can at utmost improve the extraction yield of general anthraquinone, result of study shows simultaneously, and it is strong that methyl alcohol extracts the Rhein ability, and chloroform, benzene extraction Chrysophanol and Physcion ability are strong.But these all do not carry out specific aim design extraction process according to the different pharmacological effects of different anthraquinone analog compounds in the rheum officinale about researchs of rheum officinale extracting method, only merely with improve the general anthraquinone class or always the extraction yield of free type anthraquinone analog compound or a certain anthraquinone class monomer be purpose.
At present, it is few that Chinese rhubarb extract is applied to the research of animal health, majority concentrates on it in the application study in human health care or the disease treatment, rheum officinale and the purposes of extract in the medicine of preparation reduction postprandial blood sugar thereof are disclosed as CN100371001C, with rheum officinale crude drug powder, water or extractive with organic solvent for the preparation of alpha-glucosidase restrainer class medicine, the extraction process simplicity of design, not outstanding anthraquinone analog compound is as the advantage of rhubarb pharmacodynamics material base.And the application of rheum officinale on animal health, only in compound Chinese herbal feed additive, have related, as the disclosed natural plant feed additives of CN1352886A, the disclosed a kind of fodder compound of CN 102178064A and preparation method, the compound Chinese herbal feed additive of the disclosed piglet anti diar rhea of CN01427731A etc., all added rheum officinale in its feed formula, this uses in animal health for rheum officinale important evidence is provided, but all existing, this series products forms complexity, quality is uncontrollable, defectives such as bioavilability is low, and mechanism of action is indeterminate.As feed addictive, the research of outstanding its dispelling toxicity, detoxicating function does not simultaneously appear in the newspapers as yet with Chinese rhubarb extract.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of and can improve animal intestinal health, has feed addictive Chinese rhubarb extract and the application thereof of dispelling toxicity, detoxicating function.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves its technical problem employing is:
The present invention's Chinese rhubarb extract is made by following method
:Rheum officinale is pulverized, adding mass concentration is the HCl solution of l0wt%-15wt%, the w/v of big bloom and described HCl solution is 1:6-10g/mL, at 45-65 ℃ of hydrolysis 2-3h, filter, filter residue is washed to neutrality, oven dry is the ethanolic solution refluxing extraction of 85%-95% with volume fraction, and the envelope-bulk to weight ratio of described ethanolic solution and rheum officinale meal is 10-15:1 mL/g, each 2-3h that extracts, repeat to extract 3-4 time, filter or centrifugal after, it is the concentrate of 10wt%-15wt% to solid content that the liquid partial concentration reclaims ethanol, with concentrate 160-180 ℃ of following spray-drying.
Described rheum officinale is at least a in the root, stem, leaf of Rheum plant; Described rheum officinale can be genuine rhubarb or pseudo-product rheum officinale.
The application of the present invention's Chinese rhubarb extract: can be according to the preferred 0.04-0.25wt% of 0.01-0.5wt%() mass ratio adds in the animal mixed feed and uses.
Described animal is fowl poultry kind animal and aquatic livestock, comprises pig, chicken, duck, fish and shrimp etc.
The preparation method of described Chinese rhubarb extract, according to combined anthraquinone compounds labile principle under the condition of acidity, high temperature or long-time heating, rheum officinale is added hydrolysis in the l0wt%-15wt% hydrochloric acid solution, the degree of decomposition of regulating the combined anthraquinone compounds by control acid concentration, sour consumption, heating-up temperature and extraction time is with the content ratio of combined anthraquinone and free type anthraquinone in the control final products.
The present invention's Chinese rhubarb extract, the general anthraquinone kind compound content is 40-50wt%, wherein the mass ratio of combined anthraquinone compounds and free type anthraquinone class is 1:7-10, when the ratio of combined anthraquinone class and free type anthraquinone class is lower than this scope, the content ratio of combined anthraquinone reduces, to cause the effect of rushing down of causing of extract to weaken, the effect that is used for the animal toxin expelling is undesirable; When the ratio of combined anthraquinone class and free type anthraquinone class is higher than this scope, the content of combined anthraquinone class improves relatively, the effect of rushing down that causes of extract is strengthened, to cause bad reactions such as animal diarrhoea, free type anthraquinone content ratio decline simultaneously causes it to protect the liver the effect of protecting kidney, normalizing gallbladder to cure jaundice and is difficult to performance.Studies show that both content ratio are in above-mentioned scope, Chinese rhubarb extract protects the liver and protects kidney and the toxin expelling discharge function reaches relative equilibrium, just can make the comprehensive effect of the present invention's product reach the best.
The present invention has improved the extraction process of rhubarb anthraquinone compound, first separately with rheum officinale class plant extracts as animal feed additive, be applied to promote the animal dispelling toxicity, detoxicating, improve animal intestinal, hepatic and renal function.
The present invention's Chinese rhubarb extract has the intestinal health of improvement to animal, improves liver function, promotes the effect of dispelling toxicity, detoxicating, when adding in proportion in feed, can improve the sow fertility; Can effectively improve the medicinal efficacy of rheum officinale plant extracts, overcome it and cause the side effect of rushing down by force; Take full advantage of the Rheum plant resources, be raw materials for production with the puppet product rheum officinale of ABUNDANT NATUREAL RESOURSES and stem, the leaf of genuine rhubarb, for the exploitation of Rheum plant provides new way, rheum officinale class extract belongs to pure natural plant extract, do not contain antibiotic, animal is had no side effect, have no drug resistance, noresidue in the animal product can be added for a long time.
The present invention is applied to animal health with Chinese rhubarb extract, and effect and mechanism of action are clear and definite, and product is formed simple, and quality is controlled fully, and active ingredient obtains refining by extraction, and bioavilability improves, and uses more convenient.
The specific embodiment
Be described in further detail below in conjunction with the present invention of embodiment.
Embodiment 1 Chinese rhubarb extract prepares embodiment
The Chinese rhubarb extract of present embodiment, made by following method:
Water intaking root rheum officinale 100g pulverizes, and adds the HCl solution of 1000mL l0wt%, in 65 ℃ of water-bath 3h, filter, filter residue is washed to neutrality, oven dry, be 85% ethanolic solution refluxing extraction with the 1000mL volume fraction, each 2h repeats to extract 3 times altogether, filter or centrifugal after, it is the concentrate of 15wt% that the liquid partial concentration reclaims ethanol to solid content, with concentrate 170 ℃ of following spray-dryings.
The Chinese rhubarb extract that present embodiment makes, total anthraquinones content are 43%, and wherein the mass ratio of combined anthraquinone and free type anthraquinone is 1:7.
Embodiment 2 Chinese rhubarb extracts prepare embodiment
The Chinese rhubarb extract of present embodiment, made by following method:
Get sorrel dried leaves, stem 100g, pulverize, add the HCl solution of 800mL12wt%, in 60 ℃ of water-bath 2.5h, filter, filter residue is washed to neutrality, oven dry, be 90% ethanolic solution refluxing extraction with the 1500mL volume fraction, each 2h repeats to extract 3 times altogether, filter or centrifugal after, the liquid partial concentration reclaims ethanol to the concentrate of solid content 10wt%, with concentrate 180 ℃ of following spray-dryings.
The Chinese rhubarb extract that present embodiment makes, total anthraquinones content are 44%, and wherein the mass ratio of combined anthraquinone and free type anthraquinone is 1:9.
Embodiment 3 Chinese rhubarb extract dispelling toxicity, detoxicatings are in the application that improves on the sow reproductive performance
Getting the water root Chinese rhubarb extract among the embodiment 1, is subjects to produce sow and the pig that farrowed, and research rheum officinale class extract is to the influence of sow reproductive performance.
Test period: 2012.04.19-2012.08.20.
Experimental animal: 62 first-born product sow and the pigs that farrow.
Test feed: basal diet is with reference to State Standard of the People's Republic of China's 2002 pregnancies, the design of milking sow mixed feed.Control group: omnidistance health care, the happy new 1kg+ of the every t feed peptide good prosperous 1kg that suckles; Test group: omnidistance health care, every t feed adds Chinese rhubarb extract 500g.
Result of the test: when in feed, adding the 500g/t Chinese rhubarb extract, sow production capacity, suckling pig production capacity and oestrus of sow at interval be improved significantly, the results are shown in Table 1 and table 2.
Conclusion: in the nutrition of pig, sow nutrition has important status, and sow fertility height has directly determined the economic benefit on pig farm; And the sow endometritis, miscarry, return feelings, prolapse of the anus, diarrhoea etc. and all poison to have with sow and directly contact, external source toxin and the delay in vivo of endogenous toxin directly affect the production performance of sow and the health of piglet.From embodiment 3 as can be known, in sow feed, add Chinese rhubarb extract, can promote the discharge of sow toxin, improve sow health status, improve the newborn piglet vigor, improve the suckling pig growth performance, shorten the inter oestrual period time, improve the reproductive performance of sow.
The application of embodiment 4 Chinese rhubarb extracts in the animal dispelling toxicity, detoxicating
The pig farm, Shaodong County finds sow group ubiquity eyes have tear spot, canthus gum phenomenon how, to part sow group above-described embodiment 1 Chinese rhubarb extract on probation, complete feed per ton adds 1Kg, and on probation after 15 days, this part sow group tear spot, gum obviously reduce; On probation after 25 days, tear spot, gum phenomenon how do not appear in sow group on probation substantially.Simultaneously sow group urine color is observed, under identical pig house environment, the sow group urine color of many tear spot, many gums is yellow and muddy, and the sow group urine of trial edition inventive embodiments 1 Chinese rhubarb extract is of light color and limpid.
Conclusion: it is the outward appearance performance that there is pathology in the pig body that the many and tear spot of gum occurs, and due to the heat, mostly gum was the signal of courses of infection inflammation in the many and tear spot of gum mostly was, and the tear spot is the impaired performance of hepatic and renal function.Present embodiment presentation of results the present invention's rheum officinale extract feed additive can improve the symptom that sow group gum is many, the tear spot occurs, further illustrate its clearing heat-fire, dispelling toxicity, detoxicating, protect the liver the effect of protecting kidney, and urine is as one of metabolite of animal body, often can be used as a whether healthy significant observation index of animal body.Urine Huang, muddiness are a kind of unsound performances, over-burden for lack of water, metabolism, metabolism is slow etc. is its main cause, metabolic waste produces too much or drained is exactly endotoxin for pig slowly, used the sow group urine of Chinese rhubarb extract of light color and limpid in the present embodiment, show that again this rheum officinale class extract feed additive has the promotion dispelling toxicity, detoxicating, improve the effect of hepatic and renal function.
Embodiment 5 Chinese rhubarb extracts are in the application that improves on the animal intestinal health
Getting embodiment 2 gained Chinese rhubarb extract dry powder, is subjects with the laying hen, and the research Chinese rhubarb extract is to the influence of laying hen intestinal health.
Test method: with 200 laying hens, be divided into 2 groups, test group is the Chinese rhubarb extract that basal diet adds the 500g/t feed, does not add any antibiotic etc; Control group is basal diet, conventional health care.
Result of the test: after 1. raising 25 days, detect enteric microorganism, compare with control group, test group Bifidobacterium quantity improves 8.9%, and aerobic Bacillus acidi lactici quantity improves 4.52%, and anaerobism Bacillus acidi lactici quantity improves 5.12%, salmonella quantity reduces by 18.20%, and Escherichia coli quantity reduces by 5.2%.2. inoculate avian influenza vaccine after 2 weeks, the antibody horizontal test group is higher by 17.2% than control group.When 3. raising 30 days, get test group egg that laying hen produces and control group egg that laying hen produces, farmers' and raise egg, supermarket brand Countryside Egg scattered relatively, compare with control group, dense albumen increases, yolk is piled up the degree height, and is suitable with supermarket brand Countryside Egg, raises the egg level scattered near farmers'.
Conclusion: result of the test shows that Chinese rhubarb extract has the microbial population of animal intestinal tract of improvement structure, promotes the generation of beneficial bacterium, suppresses the effect of the growth of pernicious bacteria.Simultaneously, can substitute antibiotic use, can further improve animal body health status, improve animal body immunity, thereby improve animal series products quality.
Claims (8)
1. Chinese rhubarb extract, it is characterized in that, this Chinese rhubarb extract is made by following method: rheum officinale is pulverized, adding mass concentration is the HCl solution of l0wt%-15wt%, the w/v of big bloom and described HCl solution is 1:6-10g/mL, at 45-65 ℃ of hydrolysis 2-3h, filter, filter residue is washed to neutrality, oven dry is the ethanolic solution refluxing extraction of 85%-95% with volume fraction, and the envelope-bulk to weight ratio of described ethanolic solution and rheum officinale meal is 10-15:1 mL/g, each 2-3h that extracts, repeat to extract 3-4 time, filter or centrifugal after, it is the concentrate of 10wt%-15wt% to solid content that the liquid partial concentration reclaims ethanol, with concentrate 160-180 ℃ of following spray-drying.
2. Chinese rhubarb extract according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described rheum officinale is at least a in the root, stem, leaf of Rheum plant.
3. Chinese rhubarb extract according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described rheum officinale is genuine rhubarb or pseudo-product rheum officinale.
4. Chinese rhubarb extract according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, in the described Chinese rhubarb extract, the general anthraquinone kind compound content is 40-50wt%.
5. Chinese rhubarb extract according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, in the extract obtained dry powder, the mass ratio of combined anthraquinone and free type anthraquinone is 1:7-10.
6. the application as Chinese rhubarb extract as described in one of claim 1-5 is characterized in that, described Chinese rhubarb extract adds in the animal mixed feed according to the mass ratio of 0.01-0.5wt% and uses.
7. according to the application of the described Chinese rhubarb extract of claim 6, it is characterized in that the interpolation mass ratio of described Chinese rhubarb extract is 0.04-0.25wt%.
8. according to the application of claim 6 or 7 described Chinese rhubarb extracts, it is characterized in that described animal is fowl poultry kind animal and aquatic livestock.
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