CN103229383B - 可无线充电的电池和电力传输器 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种可无线充电的电池,具有偏离主电池轴线定向的线圈,以便利于与电力传输器磁场良好耦合。为了紧凑形状因素,磁芯可容纳充电电子装置。一种无线电力传输器,产生磁场以最大化与接收器线圈的耦合。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种可无线充电的电池和一种电力传输器。更特别但不排他地,本发明涉及一种可无线充电的电池,其中线圈偏移以便利于沿任何方向充电,也涉及一种电力传输器,其在以交替极性激励的相邻线圈之间产生弧形通量分配。
背景技术
由于经济、性能便利以及环境因素,可充电电池正逐渐代替一次性电池。可充电电池已经集成进诸如无线牙刷等电装置内一段时间了。为了高效电力传输,这些装置典型地相对于充电器定位装置以确保良好电耦合。
需要能无线充电的电池设置在标准电池箱内。在电池箱内存在用于电化学电池芯、充电电路和线圈的有限空间。进而,可期望在一般充电区域内,当电池位于电子装置内时,能够沿任何方向给电池充电。
电池典型地沿与电子装置的面平行或垂直的方向容置。呈充电垫(chargingmats)等形式的电力传输器典型地产生与充电表面正交的场。因此,在一些方向上,在可无线充电电池内的线圈和电力传输器内的线圈之间可能存在有限耦合。电力传输器在不管电池是否存在都产生全充电场(full charging field)方面也是浪费的。
本发明的目的是提供一种能够实现以高能效方式沿所有典型方向充电的电池和/或电力传输器,或者至少给公众提供一种有用选择。
发明内容
根据一个示例性实施方式,提供一种可无线充电的电池,其包括:
a:长电池箱,所述长电池箱具有纵向轴线;
b:能充电的蓄能装置;
c:多个电力接收线圈,所述多个电力接收线圈设置为相对于所述纵向轴线成30至60度之间的角度;以及
d.充电电路,用于控制从所述线圈到所述蓄能装置的电力供应。
根据另一示例性实施方式,提供一种可无线充电的电池,其包括:
a.电池箱;
b.能充电的蓄能装置;
c.一个或多个电力接收线圈,所述一个或多个电力接收线圈安装在铁氧体磁芯上;以及
d.充电电路,用于控制从所述线圈到所述蓄能装置的电力供应,所述充电电路至少部分地容纳在所述铁氧体磁芯内部。
根据另一示例性实施方式,提供一种无线电力传输器,包括:
a.多个电力传输线圈,所述多个电力传输线圈以平面阵列的形式设置;以及
b.驱动电路,用于驱动所述线圈,使得至少第一线圈被驱动,以产生与第二线圈产生的极性相反的交变磁场。
已知术语“包括”在不同管辖权下可具有排他性或包容性含义。为了本说明书目的,除非另外注明,这些术语用来表示包容性含义——即它们将表示包含直接参考使用的列举部件、也可能包含其它非详细说明的部件或元件。
在本说明书中对任何现有技术的引用不是承认这些现有技术形成通用知识的部分。
附图说明
结合进本说明书中并构成本说明书一部分的附图图示了本发明的示例性实施方式,并与上文给出的本发明的概括描述、以及下文给出的实施方式的详细描述一起用来解释本发明的原理。
图1示出具有容置在磁芯内的充电电路的可无线充电的电池;
图2示出具有设置为与电池的纵向轴线成45度的电力接收线圈的可无线充电的电池;
图3示出具有设置为与电池的纵向轴线成45度的一对电力接收线圈和横向线圈的可无线充电的电池;
图4示出具有缠绕在容置电化学电池芯和充电电路的磁芯上的一对线圈的可无线充电的电池;
图5示出具有缠绕在容置电化学电池芯和充电电路的磁芯上的一对线圈的可无线充电的电池;
图6示出具有设置为彼此成60度的多个电力接收线圈的可无线充电的电池;
图7示出筒形磁芯可怎样成型;
图8示出当以第一模式激励线圈时的无线电力传输器场;
图9示出当以第二模式激励线圈时的无线电力传输器场;
图10示出当以第三模式激励线圈时的无线电力传输器场;以及
图11示出当以第四模式激励线圈时的无线电力传输器场。
具体实施方式
图1示出可无线充电的电池的第一实施方式,其具有筒形壳体,筒形壳体由下部分2和上部分3构成,下部分2可为金属的,上部分3是非金属的。该壳体包含蓄能装置4,蓄能装置4典型地为可充电的电化学电池芯,但也可为电容器或其它能量存储装置。正交线圈5和6缠绕在磁芯7(典型地为铁氧体)上,并横过电池的纵向轴线定向。充电电路1可位于磁芯内部,以最小化充电电路的形状因素(如图7所示)。这种布局结构紧凑,但当线圈5和6垂直于充电场时可导致弱耦合。
图2示出替代性布局结构,其中线圈8和9以与电池的纵向轴线成45度角的方式定向。这就确保了对于相对于电力传输器的任何标准方向(即在任何方位的向上、向下或平直)而言,电力传输器线圈和电池线圈之间将存在充分耦合。偏移角可介于约30至60度的范围内。这就使优选的电池方位具有最有利的耦合,同时为次于优选的方位提供足够的耦合。充电电路10可容置在磁芯11内。可以了解,磁芯11可简单地为由铁氧体形成的筒体块,该筒体块具有用于线圈的位于外部上的沟槽和用于充电电路的内腔(如图7所示)。
图3示出具有三个正交线圈12、13和14的实施方式。这种配置确保沿任何方向在电池线圈和充电电路之间存在良好耦合,但是这需要附加线圈,如果电池将总是位于三个标准方向之一(即在任何方位的向上、向下或平直),则附加线圈可为多余的。
图4示出一实施方式,其中管形铁氧体15容纳蓄能装置16和充电电路17。线圈18和19以与电池纵向轴线成30至60度之间的角度的方式缠绕,以确保在三个标准方向上的良好耦合。这种设计在蓄能装置具有比壳体(例如AA)小的直径(例如AAA)并且在各端部处存在用于线圈和充电电路的有限空间的情况下,可为合适的。
除了线圈19a和19b绕包含蓄能装置20的磁芯21沿纵向缠绕外,图5示出与图4的相似的实施方式。
图6示出另一变型,其中3个线圈22、23和24缠绕在磁芯25上以彼此成约60度地定向。这就消除了当接收器线圈与轨道成45°时所引起的死区,并简化了电子装置设计。该拾波线圈(pickup coil)可安装为,使得无一线圈与电池的纵向轴线在一条直线上,以最大化耦合。
图7示出以大体筒体形式形成的磁芯26,其具有容纳绕组27和28的沟槽和容纳充电电路的腔室29。这种技术可应用于先前描述的实施方式。
各实施方式中的充电电路可将从各线圈接收的电力整流,以避免线圈之间的任何抵消。充电电路也可通过串联或并联的共振调谐(resonant tuning)技术来提供共振调谐。一个特别优选的调谐技术是在PCT/NZ2009/000137中公开的,因为它利用紧凑集成电路设计容易实现。这种电路也可用于通过解谐充电电路来调节被供应到蓄能装置的电力。充电电路也可将它的电力需求以脉动形式产生从而发送信号至电力传输器。电力需求模式可根据给定应用的经济情况,将有关蓄能装置的充电状态、充电电流、温度、电池标识符等信息编码。
现转向图8,其示出无线电力传输器,其中驱动电路42驱动多个线圈30至41以产生弧形通量线(arcing flux lines),这些弧形通量线适用于在任何方向上与可无线充电电池的接收线圈耦合。可采用多种驱动模式以优化耦合。图8示出被驱动以产生具有第一时变极性的交变磁场的线圈30至32和36至38、以及被驱动具有第二时变极性以产生图示弧形通量线(示出在场交变并维持相反极性时的快照)的线圈33至35和39至41。这将在电池的线圈沿箭头所示的轴线定向时提供强耦合。图9示出被驱动以产生第一时变极性的线圈31、34、37和40、以及被驱动以产生与第一时变极性相反的第二时变极性从而产生图示弧形通量线(在某一时刻)的其余线圈。这将在电池的线圈如箭头所示地定向时提供强耦合。
参见图10,电池43的位置可通过检测电池43对由无线电力传输器44的线圈所产生的场的影响或者通过其它检测技术,来确定。线圈对34和37可被激励以产生具有相反极性的时变场,如图10的某时刻快照所示的。这就确保仅最佳耦合的线圈被驱动。通过驱动相邻线圈以产生具有相反极性的时变磁场,磁场可形成,且驱动载荷在多个线圈中分配。图11示出该种途径的变型,其中线圈37被驱动以产生具有第一时变极性的时变磁场,且多个周围线圈34、36、38以及40被驱动以具备具有与线圈37产生的极性相反的时变极性的时变磁场。
对于“哑”电池(dumb batteries),电力传输器可通过位于电力传输器上的载荷检测到电池的存在。在一个实施方式中,当不存在电池时,线圈可被以相对低水平或间歇地驱动,而当检测到电池存在(通过控制的载荷)时,电力水平可增加。当电池被充电时,低载荷可再次被检测到,且操作可返回到相对低水平或间歇的驱动。当检测到破裂金属体时,充电电路也可返回到相对低水平或间歇的驱动。
对于可通信的电池(如上所述),电力传输器可接收有关蓄能装置的充电状态、充电电流、温度、电池标识符等信息。然后,电力传输器可改变由线圈30至41供应的电力,以调整所供应的电力总量和场模式,从而优化电力传送。可根据各个线圈30至41与电池的关系或者多对一或多对多的关系,来控制充电。
因此提供可无线充电电池,其具有高效形状因素和/或容许利用两个线圈在所有标准方向上的高效充电。也提供一种用于优化对可无线充电电池的高效充电的电力传输器。
尽管通过描述本发明的实施方式阐述了本发明,且尽管详细描述了这些实施方式,但本申请人的目的不是限制或以任何方式将所附权利要求书的范围限定于这些细节。本领域技术人员将易于理解附加优点和修改。因此,本发明在较广义方面并不局限于这些具体细节、代表性设备以及方法、以及所示和所述的示例性示例。因此,在不脱离本申请人的总发明概念的精神或范围的情况下,可改变这些细节。
Claims (38)
1.一种可无线充电的电池,包括:
a:长电池箱,所述长电池箱具有纵向轴线;
b:能充电的蓄能装置;
c:多个电力接收线圈,所述多个电力接收线圈设置为相对于所述纵向轴线成30至60度之间的角度;以及
d.充电电路,用于控制从所述线圈到所述蓄能装置的电力供应。
2.如权利要求1所述的电池,其中,所述接收线圈设置为相对于所述纵向轴线成45度角。
3.如权利要求1所述的电池,其中,所述长电池箱是管形的。
4.如权利要求3所述的电池,其中,所述长电池箱是筒形的。
5.如权利要求1所述的电池,其中,所述长电池箱绕着所述接收线圈且是相对非导电的。
6.如权利要求1所述的电池,具有两个线圈。
7.如权利要求6所述的电池,其中,所述线圈是正交的。
8.如权利要求1所述的电池,具有三个线圈。
9.如权利要求8所述的电池,其中,所述线圈以彼此成60度的方式定向。
10.如权利要求1所述的电池,其中,所述充电电路将从各线圈接收的电力整流。
11.如权利要求1所述的电池,其中,所述充电电路提供共振电路调谐。
12.如权利要求11所述的电池,其中,所述充电电路通过串联调谐补偿来提供共振电路调谐。
13.如权利要求11所述的电池,其中,所述充电电路通过以线性模式操作的半导体提供共振电路调谐。
14.如权利要求1所述的电池,其中,所述线圈绕磁芯缠绕。
15.如权利要求14所述的电池,其中,所述磁芯具有腔室以至少部分地容纳所述充电电路。
16.如权利要求15所述的电池,其中,所述充电电路全部容置在所述磁芯内的腔室内部。
17.如权利要求15所述的电池,其中,位于所述磁芯内的所述腔室设置在所述电池的一个端部处。
18.如权利要求14所述的电池,其中,所述磁芯呈管形形式,并容纳所述蓄能装置。
19.如权利要求18所述的电池,其中,所述磁芯容纳所述充电电路。
20.一种可无线充电的电池,包括:
a.电池箱;
b.能充电的蓄能装置;
c.一个或多个电力接收线圈,所述一个或多个电力接收线圈安装在铁氧体磁芯上;以及
d.充电电路,用于控制从所述线圈到所述蓄能装置的电力供应,所述充电电路至少部分地容纳在所述铁氧体磁芯内部。
21.如权利要求20所述的电池,其中,所述电池箱具有一纵向轴线,所述接收线圈设置为相对于所述纵向轴线成30度至60度之间的角度。
22.如权利要求21所述的电池,其中,所述接收线圈设置为相对于所述纵向轴线成45度角。
23.如权利要求20所述的电池,其中,所述电池箱是管形的。
24.如权利要求23所述的电池,其中,所述电池箱是筒形的。
25.如权利要求20所述的电池,其中,所述电池箱绕着所述接收线圈且是相对非导电的。
26.如权利要求20所述的电池,具有两个线圈。
27.如权利要求26所述的电池,其中,所述线圈是正交的。
28.如权利要求20所述的电池,具有三个线圈。
29.如权利要求28所述的电池,其中,所述线圈以彼此成60度的方式定向。
30.如权利要求20所述的电池,其中,所述充电电路将从各线圈接收的电力整流。
31.如权利要求30所述的电池,其中,所述充电电路提供共振电路调谐。
32.如权利要求31所述的电池,其中,所述充电电路通过串联调谐补偿来提供共振电路调谐。
33.如权利要求31所述的电池,其中,所述充电电路通过以线性模式操作的半导体提供共振电路调谐。
34.如权利要求20所述的电池,其中,所述充电电路全部容置在所述磁芯内的腔室内部。
35.如权利要求34所述的电池,其中,位于所述磁芯内的所述腔室设置在所述电池的一个端部处。
36.如权利要求20所述的电池,其中,所述磁芯呈管形形式,并容纳所述蓄能装置。
37.如权利要求36所述的电池,其中,所述磁芯容纳所述充电电路。
38.如权利要求20所述的电池,其中,所述蓄能装置是电化学电池芯。
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CN103229383A CN103229383A (zh) | 2013-07-31 |
CN103229383B true CN103229383B (zh) | 2017-03-01 |
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EP (2) | EP3157125B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN103229383B (zh) |
NZ (2) | NZ607488A (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2012067522A1 (zh) |
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- 2011-11-16 EP EP11842046.2A patent/EP2641314A4/en not_active Withdrawn
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US20160111913A1 (en) | 2016-04-21 |
US9318780B2 (en) | 2016-04-19 |
EP2641314A1 (en) | 2013-09-25 |
US20140232330A1 (en) | 2014-08-21 |
WO2012067522A1 (en) | 2012-05-24 |
NZ607488A (en) | 2014-08-29 |
NZ589312A (en) | 2013-03-28 |
EP3157125A1 (en) | 2017-04-19 |
EP3157125B1 (en) | 2019-09-18 |
CN103229383A (zh) | 2013-07-31 |
EP2641314A4 (en) | 2016-08-10 |
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