CN103226236A - Large-viewing-field spherical three-mirror optical system - Google Patents
Large-viewing-field spherical three-mirror optical system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
大视场球面三反射镜光学系统属于光学技术领域，主要解决现有全反射光学系统成像视场角小、元件加工和检测困难的问题。系统由凸球面的第一反射镜、凹球面的第二反射镜、凸球面的第三反射镜和孔径光阑组成，三个反射镜的曲率中心在一条直线上，孔径光阑与第三反射镜重合；入射光先入射到第一反射镜，然后到达第二反射镜，再入射到第三反射镜后返回第二反射镜最终到达像面，光在第二反射镜经过两次反射，第一反射镜和第三反射镜经过一次反射；系统采用视场偏置的方式以达到无遮拦的目的。本发明的光学系统消除了球差、彗差、像散和场曲的影响，可在较大视场范围内具有良好的成像质量；可应用于航空、航天光电成像领域。
The large field of view spherical three-mirror optical system belongs to the field of optical technology, and mainly solves the problems of small imaging field angle and difficult component processing and detection in the existing total reflection optical system. The system consists of a convex spherical first reflector, a concave spherical second reflector, a convex spherical third reflector and an aperture stop. The curvature centers of the three reflectors are on a straight line, and the aperture stop and the third reflector The mirror coincides; the incident light first enters the first reflector, then reaches the second reflector, then enters the third reflector, returns to the second reflector and finally reaches the image plane, the light is reflected twice at the second reflector, and the second reflector The first reflection mirror and the third reflection mirror are reflected once; the system adopts the way of biasing the field of view to achieve the purpose of no obstruction. The optical system of the invention eliminates the effects of spherical aberration, coma, astigmatism and curvature of field, and can have good imaging quality in a large field of view; it can be applied to the fields of aviation and aerospace photoelectric imaging.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to from axle total reflection imaging optical system technical field, be specifically related to a kind of big visual field sphere three-reflector optical system.
Background technology
The optical system of utilizing several catoptron to form can realize the infinite distance target imaging, for example telescope or total reflection camera.Compare with transmission type optical system, reflective optical system have use wavelength band wide, be easy to realize advantages such as lightweight, good in thermal property, compact conformation.According to having or not central obscuration, reflective optical system can be divided into coaxial reflecting system and off axis reflector system.The off axis reflector system can avoid the central obscuration influence by the method for diaphragm biasing or visual field biasing, and can obtain good parasitic light characteristic.Therefore, the off-axis reflection optical system is widely used among astronomical telescope, space remote sensing camera and infrared or the ultraviolet imagery system.
At present, the off-axis reflection optical system that is most widely used is from axle three anti-mirror optical systems.Can be divided into " Negative-Positive-Negative " form and " negative-just-just " form according to optical element focal power allocation scheme difference.Focal power is assigned as the less from axle three anti-mirror optical system structure sizes of " Negative-Positive-Negative ", but be unfavorable for realizing big visual field, the current document of delivering shows that the optical system visual field maximum of this form can only arrive 20 °, and " negative-just-just " form is anti-long distance structure, and the visual field of realization is bigger.Adopt the patent of this version to have: United States Patent (USP) 4598981, United States Patent (USP) 5170284, United States Patent (USP) 5331470, European patent 0656552A2.The problem that these several optical systems exist is: optical element all adopts aspheric surface, and element processing, detection and system's resetting difficulty are all bigger.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve existing three-reflector optical system, field range was less when its optical element focal power was assigned as " Negative-Positive-Negative " form, be unfavorable for realizing big visual field, and its optical element focal power must adopt the higher aspherical optical element of difficulty of processing when being assigned as " negative-just-just " form, and therefore cause the detection of optical system and the technical matters that resetting difficulty strengthens, the invention provides a kind of big visual field sphere three-reflector optical system.
The technical scheme that technical solution problem of the present invention is taked is as follows:
Big visual field sphere three-reflector optical system comprises first catoptron, second catoptron, the 3rd catoptron and aperture diaphragm, the minute surface of described first catoptron and the 3rd catoptron all is oppositely arranged with the minute surface of second catoptron, and the center of curvature of three catoptrons point-blank; In turn through first catoptron, second catoptron and the 3rd mirror reflects, after second mirror reflects, converge to the image planes of optical system from the incident beam of distant object once more by the emergent light after the 3rd mirror reflects; Described aperture diaphragm overlaps with the 3rd catoptron; Described first catoptron and the 3rd power of mirror are negative, and second power of mirror is for just.
The curvature sum of the curvature of described first catoptron and the 3rd catoptron is two times of curvature of second catoptron; The radius-of-curvature of described second catoptron is about second catoptron and the 3rd catoptron Center Gap two times; Described first catoptron, second catoptron and the 3rd catoptron all are spherical reflector; First catoptron and the 3rd catoptron are focal power and are negative protruding spherical reflector, and second catoptron is that focal power is positive concave spherical mirror; Optical system adopts the mode of visual field biasing to reach explicit purpose.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the optical element that this optical system adopts is three groups of spherical reflectors, and twice of light is through one group in three groups of spherical reflectors, make focal power be assigned as " negative-Negative-Positive-Negative " form, this system has avoided the use non-spherical reflector, and the mode that adopts the visual field biasing has detection and the resetting difficulty that has reduced optical system to reach explicit purpose when enlarging the visual field.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the big visual field of the present invention sphere three-reflector optical system;
Fig. 2 is the optical transfer function curve map of the present invention in each visual field.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is described in further details.
As shown in Figure 1, big visual field of the present invention sphere three-reflector optical system comprises first catoptron 1, second catoptron 2, the 3rd catoptron 3 and aperture diaphragm 4.Through first catoptron 1, second catoptron 2 and 3 reflections of the 3rd catoptron, the emergent light of the 3rd catoptron 3 converges to image planes 5 to the incident beam of this optical system once more after 2 reflections of second catoptron in turn.
The minute surface of first catoptron 1 and the 3rd catoptron 3 all with relative arrangement of minute surface of second catoptron 2, three coaxial settings of catoptron be the center of curvature all point-blank.The radius-of-curvature of second catoptron 2 is about second catoptron 2 and the 3rd catoptron 3 Center Gap two times, so just makes the chief ray that arrives image planes 5 intimate parallel with optical axis, has promptly realized accurate telecentric beam path design.
In order to proofread and correct the curvature of field, the present invention is with the curvature of first catoptron 1
Curvature with the 3rd catoptron 3
Sum is set at the curvature of second catoptron 2
Two times, that is:
Optical system has been proofreaied and correct spherical aberration, coma, astigmatism and the curvature of field, and makes focal length satisfy system requirements.Optical system of the present invention uses the extension of the reflecting surface of second catoptron 2 when the 4th secondary reflection by constraint light, and therefore real is four reflective opticss, and the mode that adopts the visual field biasing simultaneously is to reach explicit purpose.This system utilizes same catoptron to realize two secondary reflections, reaches simplied system structure, reduces the purpose of number of elements, and finally obtained the chief ray accurate telecentric beam path design intimate parallel with optical axis.
When specifically using big visual field of the present invention sphere three-reflector optical system, structural parameters according to the optical system shown in the table 1 dispose first catoptron 1, second catoptron 2, the 3rd catoptron 3 radius-of-curvature and interval separately, and to make this optical system focal length be 100mm, the bar shaped visual field is 64 ° * 3 °, relative aperture is 1:5.6, with the visual field offset control be 18.5 ° to avoid central obscuration.
Table 1
| Title | Radius-of-curvature (mm) | (mm) at interval |
| First catoptron | 209.33 | -134.5 |
| Second catoptron (during first reflection) | 267.82 | 126.5 |
| The 3rd catoptron (diaphragm) | 383.51 | -126.5 |
| Second catoptron (reflex time for the second time) | 267.82 | 126.5 |
| Image planes | ∞ | - |
Be illustrated in figure 2 as the optical transfer function curve map that adopts each visual field of sphere three-reflector optical system, big visual field of the present invention, optical transfer function calculating wavelength is 0.6328 μ m among the figure.
The big visual field sphere three-reflector optical system that adopts the above-mentioned parameter configuration to make can be realized big view field imaging with three simple spherical reflectors, the bar shaped visual field reaches more than 60 °, the face visual field reach 20 ° * more than 30 °, the spherical optics element that is adopted is easily processed, is easily detected, and it is loose to debug tolerance.Simultaneously, simple in structure, the compact in design of total system, good imaging quality.Optical system of the present invention adopts chief ray and optical axis to be close to parallel accurate telecentric beam path design, in multispectral camera is used, can add narrow band pass filter and can not cause center wavestrip drift before image planes.
Claims (3)
1. big visual field sphere three-reflector optical system, it is characterized in that: this optical system comprises first catoptron (1), second catoptron (2), the 3rd catoptron (3) and aperture diaphragm (4), the minute surface of described first catoptron (1) and the 3rd catoptron (3) all is oppositely arranged with the minute surface of second catoptron (2), and the center of curvature of three catoptrons point-blank; Incident beam is converged to the image planes (5) of optical system once more in turn through first catoptron (1), second catoptron (2) and the 3rd catoptron (3) reflection after second catoptron (2) reflection by the emergent light after the 3rd catoptron (3) reflection; Described aperture diaphragm (4) overlaps with the 3rd catoptron (3); The focal power of described first catoptron (1) and the 3rd catoptron (3) is negative, and the focal power of second catoptron (2) is for just.
2. big visual field as claimed in claim 1 sphere three-reflector optical system is characterized in that: the curvature sum of the curvature of described first catoptron (1) and the 3rd catoptron (3) is two times of curvature of second catoptron (2).
3. big visual field as claimed in claim 1 or 2 sphere three-reflector optical system, it is characterized in that: described first catoptron (1) and the 3rd catoptron (3) all are that focal power is the protruding spherical reflector of bearing, and second catoptron (2) is that focal power is positive concave spherical mirror.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103411673A (en) * | 2013-08-22 | 2013-11-27 | 北京理工大学 | Imaging spectrometer based on concentric off-axis double reflection systems |
| CN103487923A (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2014-01-01 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Total reflection optical imaging system |
| CN105445918A (en) * | 2014-06-03 | 2016-03-30 | 清华大学 | Free-form surface off-axis three-mirror optical system |
| CN107202636A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-09-26 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | M-Z short wave infrared imaging spectrometer |
| CN109143558A (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2019-01-04 | 佛山科学技术学院 | A miniaturized all-weather star sensor optical system |
| CN109188666A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-01-11 | 长春理工大学 | Off-axis three reflecting optical system of 350mm bore 1778.9mm 0.4 ~ 5 mu m waveband of focal length |
| CN109491063A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-03-19 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Two-sided coenosarc freeform optics system |
| CN112748558A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-04 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Wide-spectrum large-dynamic-range optical system and test calibration method |
| CN116736551A (en) * | 2023-08-16 | 2023-09-12 | 浙江棱镜全息科技有限公司 | Aerial imaging system and electronic rearview mirror |
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| US6331904B1 (en) * | 1998-07-16 | 2001-12-18 | Siros Technologies, Inc. | Reflection optics reference beam telescope |
| US20060139745A1 (en) * | 2004-12-23 | 2006-06-29 | Asml Holding N.V. | Projection system for a lithograhic apparatus |
| CN201156010Y (en) * | 2007-12-29 | 2008-11-26 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | A Field of View Simulator for Calibrating Space Remote Sensing Imagers |
| CN102087407A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-06-08 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Off-axis total reflection optical system with huge field of view |
| JP2011169966A (en) * | 2010-02-16 | 2011-09-01 | Nidec Copal Corp | Imaging apparatus |
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2013
- 2013-04-19 CN CN2013101383092A patent/CN103226236A/en active Pending
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| US6331904B1 (en) * | 1998-07-16 | 2001-12-18 | Siros Technologies, Inc. | Reflection optics reference beam telescope |
| US20060139745A1 (en) * | 2004-12-23 | 2006-06-29 | Asml Holding N.V. | Projection system for a lithograhic apparatus |
| CN201156010Y (en) * | 2007-12-29 | 2008-11-26 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | A Field of View Simulator for Calibrating Space Remote Sensing Imagers |
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103411673A (en) * | 2013-08-22 | 2013-11-27 | 北京理工大学 | Imaging spectrometer based on concentric off-axis double reflection systems |
| CN103487923A (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2014-01-01 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Total reflection optical imaging system |
| CN103487923B (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2015-09-02 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Total reflection optical imaging system |
| CN105445918A (en) * | 2014-06-03 | 2016-03-30 | 清华大学 | Free-form surface off-axis three-mirror optical system |
| CN105445918B (en) * | 2014-06-03 | 2018-05-22 | 清华大学 | Off-axis three reflecting optical system of free form surface |
| CN107202636A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-09-26 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | M-Z short wave infrared imaging spectrometer |
| CN109143558A (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2019-01-04 | 佛山科学技术学院 | A miniaturized all-weather star sensor optical system |
| CN109143558B (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2023-08-08 | 佛山科学技术学院 | A miniaturized all-weather star sensor optical system |
| CN109188666A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-01-11 | 长春理工大学 | Off-axis three reflecting optical system of 350mm bore 1778.9mm 0.4 ~ 5 mu m waveband of focal length |
| CN109188666B (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2020-08-18 | 长春理工大学 | 0.4-5 mu m waveband off-axis three-mirror optical system with 350mm caliber and 1778.9mm focal length |
| CN109491063A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-03-19 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Two-sided coenosarc freeform optics system |
| CN112748558A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-04 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Wide-spectrum large-dynamic-range optical system and test calibration method |
| CN116736551A (en) * | 2023-08-16 | 2023-09-12 | 浙江棱镜全息科技有限公司 | Aerial imaging system and electronic rearview mirror |
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Application publication date: 20130731 |