CN106199938A - Off-axis three reflecting optical systems in a kind of big visual field - Google Patents
Off-axis three reflecting optical systems in a kind of big visual field Download PDFInfo
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- CN106199938A CN106199938A CN201610826938.8A CN201610826938A CN106199938A CN 106199938 A CN106199938 A CN 106199938A CN 201610826938 A CN201610826938 A CN 201610826938A CN 106199938 A CN106199938 A CN 106199938A
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- reflecting mirror
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B17/00—Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
- G02B17/02—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system
- G02B17/06—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system using mirrors only, i.e. having only one curved mirror
- G02B17/0626—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system using mirrors only, i.e. having only one curved mirror using three curved mirrors
- G02B17/0642—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system using mirrors only, i.e. having only one curved mirror using three curved mirrors off-axis or unobscured systems in which not all of the mirrors share a common axis of rotational symmetry, e.g. at least one of the mirrors is warped, tilted or decentered with respect to the other elements
Abstract
This application discloses off-axis three reflecting optical systems in a kind of big visual field, including: with the first reflecting mirror of the negative power that target beam entrance port is oppositely arranged；Second reflecting mirror of the negative power being arranged on the reflected light path of described first reflecting mirror, the second mirror surface is provided with aperture diaphragm；3rd reflecting mirror of the positive light coke being arranged on the reflected light path of described second reflecting mirror；For receiving the detector of the reflection light of described 3rd reflecting mirror.Big visual field vertical shaft three reflecting optical system provided due to the present invention structurally uses the anti-long distance form of " negative negative and positive ", the off-axis ray that the angle of visual field is the biggest first passes around after the reflecting mirror of negative power dissipates, emergent ray reduces relative to the angle of visual field of the reflecting mirror of positive light coke, the off-axis ray that the most more angle of visual field is the biggest can enter the reflecting mirror of positive light coke, and then be received by a detector, thus realize expanding the purpose of visual field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical design techniques field, more particularly, it relates to off-axis three reflecting optical systems in a kind of big visual field.
Background technology
Reflective optical system owing to there is not aberration, system is collapsible, be easy to the advantages such as lightweight, in space optics system
System is used widely.Reflective system can be divided into two anti-, three anti-, four anti-systems according to number of mirrors；According to optical axis shape
Formula can be divided into coaxial and off-axis system；The most off-axis three reflecting optical systems are by introducing 3 asphericity coefficients of three pieces of reflecting mirrors
Spherical aberration corrector, coma, astigmatism, by three pieces of powers of mirror of reasonable distribution correction curvature of the images, off-axis by aperture or
Visual field is off-axis, it is achieved system is without blocking；Three anti-systems are capable of in larger field preferably aberration correction and balance, therefore from
Axle three reflecting optical system is capable of big picture, wide visual field imaging, is widely adopted in Space Optical System.
Traditional off-axis three reflecting optical systems use " Negative-Positive-Negative " form on optical texture, and system structure can be made tight
Gathering, beneficially miniaturization, but be unfavorable for that big visual field is designed, and be only capable of imaging in strip visual field, it is the most domestic off-axis
Its wide visual field direction of three anti-systems is less than 17 °, and direction, narrow visual field maximum is less than 1 °.
Therefore, the field range how expanding off-axis three reflecting optical systems is that those skilled in the art are badly in need of skill to be solved
Art problem.
Summary of the invention
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of and expands off-axis three reflecting optical systems, it is possible to effectively expands and regards
Field scope.
For achieving the above object, the present invention provides following technical scheme:
Off-axis three reflecting optical systems in a kind of big visual field, including:
The first reflecting mirror with the negative power that target beam entrance port is oppositely arranged；
Second reflecting mirror of the negative power being arranged on the reflected light path of described first reflecting mirror, described second reflecting mirror
Surface configuration has aperture diaphragm；
3rd reflecting mirror of the positive light coke being arranged on the reflected light path of described second reflecting mirror；
For receiving the detector of the reflection light of described 3rd reflecting mirror.
Preferably, in off-axis three reflecting optical systems in above-mentioned big visual field, it is characterised in that
Described first reflecting mirror, described second reflecting mirror and described 3rd reflecting mirror are parallel to each other, and optical axis coincidence, light
Learn, between System Market and described optical axis, there is predetermined angle.
Preferably, in off-axis three reflecting optical systems in above-mentioned big visual field, the field of view center of described first reflecting mirror is with described
The field of view center distance of the second reflecting mirror ratio is in 1:1, described second mirror field center and described 3rd mirror field
Heart distance is than for 1:1.
Preferably, in off-axis three reflecting optical systems in above-mentioned big visual field, described first reflecting mirror, described second reflecting mirror with
And the center of curvature of described 3rd reflecting mirror is located on the same line.
Preferably, in off-axis three reflecting optical systems in above-mentioned big visual field, described first reflecting mirror is that strip bore is free
Curved reflector, described second reflecting mirror is circular bore secondary aspherical reflecting mirror, and described 3rd reflecting mirror is strip mouth
Footpath high order aspheric surface reflecting mirror.
Preferably, in off-axis three reflecting optical systems in above-mentioned big visual field, the free form surface of described first reflecting mirror meets
Zernike formula:
Wherein, z is free form surface rise, and c is free form surface nominal curvature radius, and r is reflecting mirror bore, and k is that secondary is bent
Face coefficient, AiFor zernike multinomial coefficient,For zernike polynomial expansion item.
Preferably, in off-axis three reflecting optical systems in above-mentioned big visual field, described detector is the detection of multispectral rectangular surfaces battle array
Device.
From technique scheme it can be seen that off-axis three reflecting optical systems in the big visual field of one provided by the present invention, including:
The first reflecting mirror with the negative power that target beam entrance port is oppositely arranged；It is arranged at the reflected light path of described first reflecting mirror
On the second reflecting mirror of negative power, the second mirror surface is provided with aperture diaphragm；It is arranged at described second reflecting mirror
3rd reflecting mirror of the positive light coke on reflected light path；For receiving the detector of the reflection light of described 3rd reflecting mirror.
The first reflecting mirror owing to using in big visual field vertical shaft three reflecting optical system that the present invention provides be negative power, the
Two-mirror is negative power and the 3rd reflecting mirror is positive light coke, structurally uses the anti-long distance shape of " negative-negative-just "
Formula, anti-long distance form is in the stroke that light path is passed through, the reflecting mirror of negative power front, the reflecting mirror of positive light coke rear,
Light enters the reflecting mirror of positive light coke after the reflecting mirror of negative power dissipates, by the mirror imager of positive light coke to burnt
On face, it is thus achieved that longer back work distance from.The reflecting mirror of negative power can reduce the off-axis ray reflecting mirror to positive light coke
The angle of visual field, the off-axis ray that i.e. angle of visual field is the biggest first passes around after the reflecting mirror of negative power dissipates, emergent ray relative to
The angle of visual field of the reflecting mirror of positive light coke reduces, and the off-axis ray that the i.e. more angle of visual field is the biggest can enter the anti-of positive light coke
Penetrate mirror, and then be received by a detector, thus realize expanding the purpose of visual field.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
In having technology to describe, the required accompanying drawing used is briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawing in describing below is only this
Inventive embodiment, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, it is also possible to according to
The accompanying drawing provided obtains other accompanying drawing.
The off-axis three reflecting optical system structural representations in a kind of big visual field that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention；
The cut-off frequency MTF curve figure that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 provides wavefront error RMS scattergram in full filed for the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 provides at each visual field encircled energy curve chart for the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Describe, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention rather than whole embodiments wholely.Based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is every other that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under not making creative work premise
Embodiment, broadly falls into the scope of protection of the invention.
Refer to a kind of big off-axis three reflecting optical system structural representations in visual field that Fig. 1, Fig. 1 provide for the embodiment of the present invention
Figure.
In a kind of detailed description of the invention, it is provided that off-axis three reflecting optical systems in a kind of big visual field, including: with target beam
First reflecting mirror of the negative power that entrance port is oppositely arranged；The negative light being arranged on the reflected light path of described first reflecting mirror is burnt
Second reflecting mirror of degree, the second mirror surface is provided with aperture diaphragm；It is arranged on the reflected light path of described second reflecting mirror
The 3rd reflecting mirror of positive light coke；For receiving the detector of the reflection light of described 3rd reflecting mirror.
Wherein, primary mirror, as primary mirror, is set to the primary mirror of negative power by the first reflecting mirror, in the present embodiment, and its curvature
Radius R1 is 14473mm, clear aperture 550mm × 220mm, off-axis amount-290mm, and the second reflecting mirror is the secondary mirror of negative power,
Its radius of curvature R 2 is-1800mm, is spaced 1195mm, and the 3rd reflecting mirror is the secondary mirror of positive light coke, its radius of curvature R 3 is-
1574.5mm, interval-1295mm, clear aperture 804mm × 485mm, measure 275.5mm off axis, the clear aperture of detector is
165mm×28.5mm.First reflecting mirror and the second reflecting mirror vertex spacings and the second reflecting mirror and the 3rd reflecting mirror vertex spacings
Being 1195mm, the 3rd reflecting mirror summit and camera focal plane are spaced apart 1295mm.
Wherein, for correction curvature of the image, the first reflecting mirror, the second reflecting mirror and the radius of curvature R 1 of the 3rd reflecting mirror, R2,
R3 meets following relation:
Make system compensation spherical aberration, coma, astigmatism and the curvature of field, and meet focal length requirement.
Optical system after being configured according to above-mentioned parameter, arranges the logical light of certain size in the position of aperture diaphragm
Mouth is i.e. for being constrained to the beam size of picture, and its clear aperture is 150mm, and focal length is 450mm, by system clear aperture and focal length
Ratio be the relative aperture of system than for 1:3, rectangular field is 22 ° × 3.5 °, and visual field, face reaches 77 square degree square grades, and by visual field
It is biased to 15.75 °, to avoid central obscuration, system wavelength band: 0.4～1.0um.
First reflecting mirror is the entrance of whole optical system, and target beam is irradiated to second after first piece of reflecting mirror
Reflecting mirror, is irradiated to the 3rd reflecting mirror after the reflection of the second reflecting mirror, is irradiated to detection after the 3rd reflecting mirror reflection
Device.Above-mentioned optical system ensures to reach diffraction pole under the relative aperture less than 1:3, in the rectangular field more than 75 square degree square grades
The image quality of limit.
On the basis of above-mentioned embodiment, described first reflecting mirror, described second reflecting mirror and described 3rd reflection
Mirror is parallel to each other, and optical axis coincidence, has predetermined angle between optical system market and described optical axis.I.e. use anorthopia field knot
Structure, the mutually countershaft upper visual field of field of view center of the i.e. first reflecting mirror has bias, and anorthopia field structure can avoid central obscuration, this
Time imaging beam do not blocked by optical element, reduce the second reflecting mirror and the first reflecting mirror blocked impact.Due to along with deviation
Amount increase, aberration can increase, and therefore visual field bias is the least, meanwhile, bias determine optical system field of view size,
Optical system picture element and relative dimensions requirement.
Further, it is installed on same substrate for the ease of the first reflecting mirror and the 3rd reflecting mirror, is conducive to debuging,
In off-axis three reflecting optical systems in above-mentioned big visual field, in the visual field of the field of view center of described first reflecting mirror and described second reflecting mirror
Heart distance is than for 1:1, and described second mirror field center and the 3rd mirror field centre distance are than for 1:1.
Further, in off-axis three reflecting optical systems in above-mentioned big visual field, described first reflecting mirror, described second reflecting mirror
And the center of curvature of described 3rd reflecting mirror is located on the same line.Owing to the curvature center line of each optical element is positioned at same
On straight line so that system constitutes centered optical system.
On the basis of above-mentioned embodiment, in off-axis three reflecting optical systems in above-mentioned big visual field, described first reflecting mirror
For strip bore free-form surface mirror, described second reflecting mirror is circular bore secondary aspherical reflecting mirror, the described 3rd
Reflecting mirror is strip bore high order aspheric surface reflecting mirror.
Wherein, the free form surface coefficient of the first reflecting mirror use only 5 rank spherical aberration items, i.e. the 13rd zernike multinomial
Launch itemThe wherein asphericity coefficient A of the first reflecting mirror13=-8.39e-013；Second is anti-
Penetrate the asphericity coefficient k=10 of mirror；3rd reflecting mirror is even non-spherical reflector, and in the present embodiment, the 3rd reflecting mirror is six times
Non-spherical reflector, including 6 asphericity coefficients, the aspherical equation of the 3rd reflecting mirror is:
Z is aspheric surface rise, and c is paraxial radius of curvature, and r is reflecting mirror bore, and k is quadratic surface coefficient, a, b, c, d ...
For asphericity coefficient, the asphericity coefficient k=0.155 of the 3rd reflecting mirror, c=-4.341e-019.
On the basis of above-mentioned embodiment, the free form surface of described first reflecting mirror meets zernike formula: wherein, z
For free form surface rise, c is free form surface nominal curvature radius, and r is reflecting mirror bore, and k is quadratic surface coefficient, AiFor
Zernike multinomial coefficient,For zernike polynomial expansion item.
In Cassegrain optical system, due to the central obscuration problem of secondary mirror, generally primary mirror is designed as annular, and
In integrated optomechanical analysis, usual institute accepted standard Zernike circular polynomial is the most orthogonal in continuous print unit circle territory,
Annular loses orthogonality in discrete sampling point territory, and uneven minute surface finite element grid can aggravate this nonorthogonality, because of
This causes fitting precision to decline.In present embodiment, the first reflecting mirror is strip bore free-form surface mirror, free form surface
Meet above-mentioned zernike formula, in annular discrete sampling point territory, there is orthogonality, it is possible to increase fitting precision.
Refer to Fig. 2,3 and 4, the cut-off frequency MTF curve figure that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention；Fig. 3 is the present invention
Embodiment provides wavefront error RMS scattergram in full filed；Fig. 4 provides at each visual field encircled energy for the embodiment of the present invention
Curve chart.
System MTF curve is close to diffraction limit, accompanying drawing 3, and in system full filed, wavefront error RMS is evenly distributed, and the least
In λ/14RMS (λ=0.6238um), Fig. 4, it is interior less than 6um circle that full filed 80% energy concentrates on diameter, specifically includes institute in figure
(0 °, 14 °) shown, (0 °, 16 °) (0 °, 17 °) (11 °, 14 °) (-11 °, 17.5 °) totally 5 visual fields, these 5 visual fields cover and are
System X-direction-11 °～11 ° totally 22 °, Y-direction 14 °～the 17.5 ° entire field scope of totally 3.5 °, its index can characterize whole
Imaging performance in the range of imaging viewing field.Fig. 2,3,4 it can be seen that system has preferable image quality, energy in full filed
Enough satisfied wide spectrum, big visual field, high-resolution optical performance requirements.
On the basis of off-axis three reflecting optical systems in above-mentioned big visual field, described detector is the detection of multispectral rectangular surfaces battle array
Device.Owing to have employed off-axis three reflecting optical systems in above-mentioned visual field, detector can use multispectral CCD and CMOS of super large area array to pass
Detector prepared by sensor, it is achieved visible to near-infrared multi-spectral imaging, is suitable on moonlet the big visual field used, high collection luminous energy
The optical system of power, the big target surface multi-optical spectrum imaging system being especially suitable in Space-based Space Surveillance field.
In this specification, each embodiment uses the mode gone forward one by one to describe, and what each embodiment stressed is and other
The difference of embodiment, between each embodiment, identical similar portion sees mutually.
Described above to the disclosed embodiments, makes professional and technical personnel in the field be capable of or uses the present invention.
Multiple amendment to these embodiments will be apparent from for those skilled in the art, as defined herein
General Principle can realize without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention in other embodiments.Therefore, the present invention
It is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, and is to fit to and principles disclosed herein and features of novelty phase one
The widest scope caused.
Claims (7)
1. off-axis three reflecting optical systems in big visual field, it is characterised in that including:
The first reflecting mirror with the negative power that target beam entrance port is oppositely arranged；
Second reflecting mirror of the negative power being arranged on the reflected light path of described first reflecting mirror, described second mirror surface
It is provided with aperture diaphragm；
3rd reflecting mirror of the positive light coke being arranged on the reflected light path of described second reflecting mirror；
For receiving the detector of the reflection light of described 3rd reflecting mirror.
2. off-axis three reflecting optical systems in visual field as claimed in claim 1 big, it is characterised in that described first reflecting mirror, described
Second reflecting mirror and described 3rd reflecting mirror are parallel to each other, and optical axis coincidence, have between optical system market and described optical axis
There is predetermined angle.
3. off-axis three reflecting optical systems in big visual field as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the visual field of described first reflecting mirror
The field of view center distance of center and described second reflecting mirror is than for 1:1, and described second mirror field center is 3rd anti-with described
Penetrate mirror field of view center distance than for 1:1.
4. off-axis three reflecting optical systems in visual field as claimed in claim 3 big, it is characterised in that described first reflecting mirror, described
The center of curvature of the second reflecting mirror and described 3rd reflecting mirror is located on the same line.
5. off-axis three reflecting optical systems in big visual field as described in any one of Claims 1-4, it is characterised in that described first anti-
Penetrating mirror is strip bore free-form surface mirror, and described second reflecting mirror is circular bore secondary aspherical reflecting mirror, described
3rd reflecting mirror is strip bore high order aspheric surface reflecting mirror.
6. off-axis three reflecting optical systems in big visual field as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that the freedom of described first reflecting mirror
Curved surface meets zernike formula:
Wherein, z is free form surface rise, and c is free form surface nominal curvature radius, and r is reflecting mirror bore, and k is quadratic surface system
Number, AiFor zernike multinomial coefficient,For zernike polynomial expansion item.
7. off-axis three reflecting optical systems in big visual field as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that described detector is multispectral square
Shape planar array detector.
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| CN201610826938.8A CN106199938A (en) | 2016-09-18 | 2016-09-18 | Off-axis three reflecting optical systems in a kind of big visual field |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107144949A (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2017-09-08 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | A kind of afocal system and urban tour ism |
| CN107219626A (en) * | 2017-07-01 | 2017-09-29 | 南京理工大学 | The freeform optics system optimization method of faying face shape and visual field optimisation strategy |
| CN107561674A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-01-09 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | One kind light splitting three-reflection optical system |
| CN107677264A (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2018-02-09 | 北京控制工程研究所 | A kind of reflective star sensor |
| CN109143558A (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2019-01-04 | 佛山科学技术学院 | A kind of round-the-clock optical system of star sensor of miniaturization |
| CN109188666A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-01-11 | 长春理工大学 | Off-axis three reflecting optical system of 350mm bore 1778.9mm 0.4 ~ 5 mu m waveband of focal length |
| CN109557647A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-04-02 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | A kind of freeform optics system |
| CN110764241A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-02-07 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Multi-focus distance axis three-reflection imaging optical system |
| CN111190273A (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2020-05-22 | 莆田学院 | Large-view-field compact optical system for space remote sensing camera |
| CN111487754A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2020-08-04 | 清华大学 | Free-form surface off-axis three-mirror imaging system |
| CN111487753A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2020-08-04 | 清华大学 | Free-form surface off-axis three-mirror imaging system |
| CN111487755A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2020-08-04 | 清华大学 | Free-form surface off-axis three-mirror imaging system |
| CN113655607A (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2021-11-16 | 西安航空学院 | Large-view-field off-axis three-mirror optical system for energy detection |
| CN114764184A (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2022-07-19 | 清华大学 | Imaging optical system |
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Cited By (22)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107219626A (en) * | 2017-07-01 | 2017-09-29 | 南京理工大学 | The freeform optics system optimization method of faying face shape and visual field optimisation strategy |
| CN107144949A (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2017-09-08 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | A kind of afocal system and urban tour ism |
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| CN107561674A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-01-09 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | One kind light splitting three-reflection optical system |
| CN109143558A (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2019-01-04 | 佛山科学技术学院 | A kind of round-the-clock optical system of star sensor of miniaturization |
| CN109143558B (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2023-08-08 | 佛山科学技术学院 | Miniaturized all-weather star sensor optical system |
| CN109188666A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-01-11 | 长春理工大学 | Off-axis three reflecting optical system of 350mm bore 1778.9mm 0.4 ~ 5 mu m waveband of focal length |
| CN109188666B (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2020-08-18 | 长春理工大学 | 0.4-5 mu m waveband off-axis three-mirror optical system with 350mm caliber and 1778.9mm focal length |
| CN109557647A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-04-02 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | A kind of freeform optics system |
| CN111487753A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2020-08-04 | 清华大学 | Free-form surface off-axis three-mirror imaging system |
| CN111487755A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2020-08-04 | 清华大学 | Free-form surface off-axis three-mirror imaging system |
| CN111487754A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2020-08-04 | 清华大学 | Free-form surface off-axis three-mirror imaging system |
| CN111487754B (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2021-04-23 | 清华大学 | Free-form surface off-axis three-mirror imaging system |
| CN111487755B (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2021-06-25 | 清华大学 | Free-form surface off-axis three-mirror imaging system |
| CN110764241B (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2022-09-06 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Multi-focus distance axis three-reflection imaging optical system |
| CN110764241A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-02-07 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Multi-focus distance axis three-reflection imaging optical system |
| CN111190273A (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2020-05-22 | 莆田学院 | Large-view-field compact optical system for space remote sensing camera |
| CN111190273B (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2021-10-15 | 莆田学院 | Large-view-field compact optical system for space remote sensing camera |
| CN114764184A (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2022-07-19 | 清华大学 | Imaging optical system |
| CN114764184B (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2023-06-06 | 清华大学 | Imaging optical system |
| CN113655607A (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2021-11-16 | 西安航空学院 | Large-view-field off-axis three-mirror optical system for energy detection |
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