CN109188666A - Off-axis three reflecting optical system of 350mm bore 1778.9mm 0.4 ~ 5 mu m waveband of focal length - Google Patents
Off-axis three reflecting optical system of 350mm bore 1778.9mm 0.4 ~ 5 mu m waveband of focal length Download PDFInfo
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- CN109188666A CN109188666A CN201811293721.0A CN201811293721A CN109188666A CN 109188666 A CN109188666 A CN 109188666A CN 201811293721 A CN201811293721 A CN 201811293721A CN 109188666 A CN109188666 A CN 109188666A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B17/00—Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
- G02B17/02—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system
- G02B17/06—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system using mirrors only, i.e. having only one curved mirror
- G02B17/0626—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system using mirrors only, i.e. having only one curved mirror using three curved mirrors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B17/00—Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
- G02B17/02—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system
- G02B17/06—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system using mirrors only, i.e. having only one curved mirror
- G02B17/0626—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system using mirrors only, i.e. having only one curved mirror using three curved mirrors
- G02B17/0636—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system using mirrors only, i.e. having only one curved mirror using three curved mirrors off-axis or unobscured systems in which all of the mirrors share a common axis of rotational symmetry
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Abstract
Off-axis three reflecting optical system of 350mm bore 1778.9mm 0.4~5 mu m waveband of focal length belongs to target simulator technical field.Prior art bore is small, and focal length is short, lacks visible light service band.Present invention be characterized in that primary mirror and three mirrors are the high order aspheric surface reflecting mirrors of rectangular bore, secondary mirror is the spherical reflector of round bore；Primary mirror is positive light coke reflecting mirror, radius of curvature is -2980mm, clear aperture is 560mm × 570mm, and off-axis amount is 410mm, and secondary mirror is negative power reflecting mirror, radius of curvature is -2000mm, clear aperture is 81mm, and three mirrors are positive light coke reflecting mirror, and radius of curvature is -3613.9mm, clear aperture is 1000mm × 1010mm, and off-axis amount is -846mm；It is divided into 2650mm between the center of curvature of primary mirror and the center of curvature of secondary mirror, is divided into 2928.4mm between the center of curvature of secondary mirror and the center of curvature of three mirrors；The bore of off-axis three reflecting optical system is 350mm, and focal length 1778.9mm, service band is 0.4~5 μm.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of off-axis three reflecting optical systems of 0.4~5 mu m waveband of 350mm bore 1778.9mm focal length, belong to
Target simulator technical field.
Background technique
With the development of detecting technique, the detection of multiband target imaging in military affairs using more and more extensive, lead to
Often it will be seen that optical detector, infrared detector, fainter light detector and laser range finder are integrated in one, more optical axis photoelectricity are constituted
Tracking system can detect within the scope of multiband, identify, track dynamic object.
Target simulation optical system can provide infinity dynamic object for photoelectric follow-up, meanwhile, cooperation photoelectricity with
The calibration of track system optical axis consistency assists the test of photoelectric tracking dynamic performance, i.e. emulation testing, the dynamic property
Test includes the detection, identification, the ability for tracking target of testing and evaluation photoelectric follow-up, such as acquisition probability, anti-interference energy
Power etc., and detection, identification, the precision for tracking target.Can be completed indoors using target simulation optical system photoelectricity with
The calibration and test of track system can be avoided fatigued compared to field testing, cost be reduced, so that calibration test process becomes
Simply, it is easy.
Target simulation optical system is the key components of target simulator (emulator), in addition, in target simulation
There are also scene producing element, including two kinds of dynamic and static state in device, if the non-spontaneous light of scene producing element, such as crosshair
Or at this moment asterism also needs configuration lighting source in target simulator.
Target simulation optical system determines the performance of target simulator, be target simulator and photoelectricity to be tested with
The optical information interface of track system.
One is published in " Application Optics " the 6th phase of volume 32, entitled " off-axis three anti-infrared double-waveband scene simulator optics
The document of system design " discloses a target simulated optical system schema.In this scenario, it is made of primary mirror, secondary mirror, three mirrors
One off-axis three anti-optical texture, primary mirror and three mirrors are standard quadratic surface, and secondary mirror is high order aspheric surface.The target simulation optics
The exit pupil diameter (bore) of system is 110mm, and emergent pupil is away from being 750mm, and service band is 3~5 μm and 8~12 μm, and focal length is
330mm, visual field are 6 ° × 4.5 °, and F number is 3.The target simulation optical system can be photoelectric tracking system in big field range
/ LONG WAVE INFRARED dynamic object is tested in offer in the calibration of system.But there are some problems for the target simulation optical system, it is first
First, exit pupil diameter is smaller, is unable to satisfy the calibration and detection of more optical axis photoelectric follow-ups；Secondly, focal length is short, photoelectric tracking system
The focal length of each probe unit in system is between 200~300mm, according to optical design and actual operation requirements, target simulation
The focal length of optical system should be 5 times of photoelectric follow-up focal length or more；Third, service band include 3~5 μm and 8~12 μ
M, but, the two infrared bands are in and with relationship each other, actually one of wave band can be completed dynamic object detection,
Identification, tracking, and the program lacks visible light wave range on service band, and many photoelectric follow-ups include visible light wave
Section probe portion.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve technical problem of the existing technology, increase the bore of target simulation optical system, to adapt to regard more
The calibration and test of axis photoelectric follow-up；Extend the focal length of target simulation optical system, simultaneously to meet optical design and reality
Border requirement；It will be seen that optical band is also classified as the service band of target simulation optical system, to adapt to more optical axis photoelectric trackings
The calibration and test of visible-light detector in system；For this purpose, we have invented a kind of 350mm bore 1778.9mm focal lengths 0.4~5
Off-axis three reflecting optical system of mu m waveband.
Off-axis three reflecting optical system of 350mm bore 1778.9mm 0.4~5 mu m waveband of focal length of the present invention is by primary mirror, secondary mirror
It is located in a straight line with three microscope groups at the center of curvature of mirror surface of, primary mirror, secondary mirror, three mirrors, the friendship of the straight line and each mirror surface
The tangent line of point is parallel to each other；Primary mirror, secondary mirror, three mirrors material be silicon carbide；It is characterized in that, primary mirror and three mirrors are square orifices
The high order aspheric surface reflecting mirror of diameter, secondary mirror are the spherical reflectors of round bore；Primary mirror is positive light coke reflecting mirror, radius of curvature
For -2980mm, clear aperture is 560mm × 570mm, and off-axis amount is 410mm, and secondary mirror is negative power reflecting mirror, radius of curvature
For -2000mm, clear aperture 81mm, three mirrors are positive light coke reflecting mirror, and radius of curvature is -3613.9mm, and clear aperture is
1000mm × 1010mm, off-axis amount are -846mm；2650mm is divided between the center of curvature of primary mirror and the center of curvature of secondary mirror, it is secondary
2928.4mm is divided between the center of curvature of mirror and the center of curvature of three mirrors；The bore of off-axis three reflecting optical system is
350mm, focal length 1778.9mm, service band are 0.4~5 μm.
Effect of the invention is that by the establishment of structure to off-axis three spectroscopies system, the optimization of parameter, material
It chooses, obtains the optical system with required index, bore reaches 350mm, and much larger than the 110mm of the prior art, focal length reaches
To 1778.9mm, it is longer than the 330mm of the prior art, service band is 0.4 μm~5 μm, covers visible light wave range.Herein
Under precondition, when by the off-axis three spectroscopies system of the present invention and crosshair or asterism and matched illumination light
Source cooperation provides static " scene " for more optical axis photoelectric follow-ups, more optical axis photoelectric follow-ups is completed one by one
The calibration of optical axis consistency between each detector；When by the off-axis three spectroscopies system of the present invention and digital micromirror array, swashing
2~3 knots in each dynamic scene devices such as light diode array, thermal resistance array, liquid crystal on silicon, liquid crystal light valve, cloth Lay box
It closes, scene wave band covers 0.4~5 μm, and more optical axis photoelectric follow-ups can be assisted to be completed at the same time the test of every dynamic property.
Primary mirror in the prior art and three mirrors use standard quadratic surface, and only secondary mirror has used high order aspheric surface, seem this
The difficulty of processing of off-axis three reflecting optical system of invention wants larger, and still, current Machining of Curved Surface technology has been relatively easy to
The processing of high order aspheric surface is coped on ground, and therefore, the present invention does not result in the increase of difficulty of processing and the increase of processing cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 be the present invention the off-axis three reflecting optical systems structure of 350mm bore 1778.9mm 0.4~5 mu m waveband of focal length and
For more optical axis photoelectric follow-up dynamic performance testing schematic diagrames, which is used as Figure of abstract simultaneously.Fig. 2 is the present invention's
The MTF curve figure of off-axis three reflecting optical system of 350mm bore 1778.9mm 0.4~5 mu m waveband of focal length.
Specific embodiment
Off-axis three reflecting optical system of 350mm bore 1778.9mm 0.4~5 mu m waveband of focal length of the present invention is by primary mirror 1, secondary mirror
2 and three mirror 3 form, as shown in Figure 1, the center of curvature of the mirror surface of primary mirror 1, secondary mirror 2, three mirrors 3 is located in a straight line, the straight line
It is parallel to each other with the tangent line of the intersection point of each mirror surface；Primary mirror 1, secondary mirror 2, three mirrors 3 material be silicon carbide.Primary mirror 1 and three mirrors 3
It is the high order aspheric surface reflecting mirror of rectangular bore, secondary mirror 2 is the spherical reflector of round bore；Primary mirror 1 is positive light coke reflection
Mirror, radius of curvature are -2980mm, and clear aperture is 560mm × 570mm, and off-axis amount is 410mm, and secondary mirror 2 is negative power reflection
Mirror, radius of curvature be -2000mm, clear aperture 81mm, three mirrors 3 be positive light coke reflecting mirror, radius of curvature be -
3613.9mm, clear aperture are 1000mm × 1010mm, and off-axis amount is -846mm；The center of curvature of primary mirror 1 and the curvature of secondary mirror 2
It is divided into 2650mm between center, is divided into 2928.4mm between the center of curvature of secondary mirror 2 and the center of curvature of three mirrors 3；It is described off-axis
The bore of three reflecting optical systems is 350mm, and focal length 1778.9mm, service band is 0.4~5 μm.Off-axis three reflective
The relative aperture of system is 1:5, and rectangular field is 3 ° × 1 °；Distance of exit pupil is 2980mm.
Primary mirror 1 and three mirrors 3 are even high order aspheric surface reflecting mirror, are further determined as eight non-spherical reflectors, meet
Following formula requirement:
In formula: z is aspherical rise, and c is paraxial curvature radius, and r is half bore of reflecting mirror, and k is quadratic surface coefficient,
a1,a2,a3, it is asphericity coefficient, enables k=0 in the present invention.
Off-axis three reflecting optical system forms intermediary image in imaging process between primary mirror 1 and secondary mirror 2, primary mirror 1 with
Secondary mirror 2 and three mirrors 3 complete secondary imaging jointly, and the curvature of field, astigmatism are effectively corrected；Secondary mirror 2 has aperture diaphragm effect, because leaning on
Nearly secondary image planes are to effectively inhibit system stray light.Off-axis three reflecting optical system is also effectively corrected spherical aberration, coma, and
By maximum distortion control within 1%, it can sufficiently meet more optical axis photoelectric follow-up optical axis consistency calibrations and dynamic
Performance test.The MTF curve of off-axis three reflecting optical system in full filed, 0.4 μm~5 mu m wavebands all close to diffraction limit,
As shown in Figure 2.
It is regarded between the more each detectors of optical axis photoelectric follow-up of off-axis three reflecting optical systems calibration using the present invention
During axis consistency, crosshair or asterism are placed on the off-axis three reflecting optical systems optical axis, illuminated by lighting source
Crosshair or asterism provide static " scene " for more optical axis photoelectric follow-ups.More optical axis photoelectric follow-ups are placed in
The front of off-axis three reflecting optical system of the present invention, without stringent leveling.Since off-axis three reflecting optical system of the present invention has
The heavy caliber of 350mm, 0.4~5 μm of broadband and higher image quality, each of more optical axis photoelectric follow-ups
Detector can clearly receive the image of the off-axis three reflecting optical system projection of the present invention.Adjust more optical axis photoelectric follow-ups
Angle makes the image of crosshair or asterism be presented on the field of view center of visible-light detector, at this point, visible-light detector
The optical axis is parallel with the optical axis of off-axis three reflecting optical system of the present invention.More optical axis photoelectric follow-ups are fixed, are visited with visible light
The optical axis for surveying device is benchmark axis, adjusts the angle of other detectors one by one, crosshair or asterism image is made to be presented on its view
Field center, completes the calibration of more optical axis photoelectric follow-up light axis consistencies.Since off-axis three reflecting optical system of the present invention has
There is the long-focus of 1778.9mm, very high calibration intensive reading can be obtained, for example, using crosshair progress calibration, between the optical axis
Reachable ± 10 " of calibration precision.
During testing more optical axis photoelectric follow-up dynamic properties using off-axis three reflecting optical system of the present invention,
As shown in Figure 1, in optical path between three mirrors 3 and the off-axis three reflecting optical system focal plane of the present invention, it is off-axis with the present invention
Plane mirror 4 is arranged in 45° angle in three reflecting optical system optical axises, and the material of plane mirror 4 is silicon carbide.Due in the present invention
Off-axis three reflecting optical system original optical path in, the light of focal plane position and the directional light of outgoing can overlap, in this way
The working performance that off-axis three reflecting optical system of the present invention can be seriously affected, needs optical path of being turned back by plane mirror 4, to guarantee
The reasonability of system light path, and the dynamic in optical system focal plane is avoided while improving optical system compactedness
Steric clashes occur for scene producing element and other components.The clear aperture of plane mirror 4 is 313mm × 313mm, with
The middle heart septum of the center of curvature of three mirrors 3 is 2900mm.It is off-axis three anti-to be located at the present invention for visible light dynamic scene producing element 5
On the focal plane of optical system.The clear aperture of visible light dynamic scene producing element 5 is 124mm × 62mm, with plane reflection
The middle heart septum of mirror 4 is 1150.9mm.It is set in optical path between plane mirror 4 and visible light dynamic scene producing element 5
Set the outer dichroscope 6 of visible red, it is seen that infrared dichroscope 6 transmits visible light, reflects nearly mid-infrared light.Outside visible red two to
On the reflected light path of Look mirror 6, side is plane mirror 4, and the other side is then infrared dichroscope 7 in close.Near-infrared dynamic field
Scape producing element 8, middle infrared dynamic scene producing element 9 are located at the transmitted light path of infrared dichroscope 7, reflected light in close
On the focal plane of off-axis three reflecting optical system of the present invention of road.Visible light dynamic scene producing element 5 is in digital micro-mirror battle array
Column, diode laser matrix are selected in liquid crystal light valve；Near-infrared dynamic scene producing element 8, middle infrared dynamic scene generate member
Part 9 is selected in digital micromirror array, diode laser matrix, thermal resistance array, liquid crystal on silicon, liquid crystal light valve, cloth Lay box.Root
According to the focal length and visual field of off-axis three reflecting optical system of the present invention, the size of each dynamic scene producing element should be more than or equal to
124mm×62mm.Three dynamic scene producing element provide the dynamic simulation scene of corresponding wave band respectively, by two dichroics
Mirror it is compound, project away in the form of directional light simultaneously by off-axis three reflecting optical system of the present invention, for the more optical axis light of test
Electric tracing dynamic performance provides the infinity target of simulation.
For example, when testing more optical axis photoelectric follow-up dynamically track precision, using off-axis three reflective of the present invention
The compound dynamic simulation scene of system projects.As shown in Figure 1, off-axis three reflecting optical system of the present invention is placed in more optical axis photoelectricity
It is imitative to guarantee that each detector 11 in more optical axis photoelectric follow-ups 10 can clearly receive dynamic for the front of tracking system 10
True scene image, although the visual field of each detector 11 at 1 ° or so, because the present invention with 350mm heavy caliber and 3 °
It is clear can to guarantee that more optical axis photoelectric follow-ups are remained to when rotating a certain angle with carrying turntable for × 1 ° of larger rectangular field
Clear reception dynamic simulation scene.More optical axis photoelectric follow-ups can be identified and be tracked according to dynamic simulation scene, according to more
Optical axis photoelectric follow-up assesses more optical axis photoelectric trackings to the identification of dynamic simulation scene and the rotational angle of carrying turntable
The rotation accuracy of identification of system.
Claims (3)
1. off-axis three reflecting optical system of 0.4~5 mu m waveband of a kind of 350mm bore 1778.9mm focal length, by primary mirror, secondary mirror and three mirrors
Composition, primary mirror, secondary mirror, three mirrors the center of curvature of mirror surface be located in a straight line, which cuts with the intersection point of each mirror surface
Line is parallel to each other；Primary mirror, secondary mirror, three mirrors material be silicon carbide；It is characterized in that, primary mirror and three mirrors are the height of rectangular bore
Secondary non-spherical reflector, secondary mirror are the spherical reflectors of round bore；Primary mirror be positive light coke reflecting mirror, radius of curvature be-
2980mm, clear aperture are 560mm × 570mm, and off-axis amount is 410mm, and secondary mirror is negative power reflecting mirror, radius of curvature is-
2000mm, clear aperture 81mm, three mirrors are positive light coke reflecting mirror, and radius of curvature is -3613.9mm, and clear aperture is
1000mm × 1010mm, off-axis amount are -846mm；2650mm is divided between the center of curvature of primary mirror and the center of curvature of secondary mirror, it is secondary
2928.4mm is divided between the center of curvature of mirror and the center of curvature of three mirrors；The bore of off-axis three reflecting optical system is
350mm, focal length 1778.9mm, service band are 0.4~5 μm.
2. off-axis three reflecting optical system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that primary mirror and three mirrors are even high order aspheric
Face reflecting mirror meets following formula requirement:
In formula: z is aspherical rise, and c is paraxial curvature radius, and r is half bore of reflecting mirror, and k is quadratic surface coefficient, a1,
a2,a3... it is asphericity coefficient.
3. off-axis three reflecting optical system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that primary mirror and three mirrors are aspherical anti-for eight times
Penetrate mirror, k=0.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811293721.0A CN109188666B (en) | 2018-11-01 | 2018-11-01 | 0.4-5 mu m waveband off-axis three-mirror optical system with 350mm caliber and 1778.9mm focal length |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811293721.0A CN109188666B (en) | 2018-11-01 | 2018-11-01 | 0.4-5 mu m waveband off-axis three-mirror optical system with 350mm caliber and 1778.9mm focal length |
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| CN109188666A true CN109188666A (en) | 2019-01-11 |
| CN109188666B CN109188666B (en) | 2020-08-18 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109471252A (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2019-03-15 | 北京仿真中心 | A kind of complexity optical scene spatial movement simulator |
| CN109870804A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-06-11 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | The visible infrared imaging of the anti-Five-channel of one kind off-axis three and laser pick-off optical system |
| CN110766722A (en) * | 2019-10-12 | 2020-02-07 | 北京小眼探索科技有限公司 | Infrared moving target imaging tracking simulation method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110766722A (en) * | 2019-10-12 | 2020-02-07 | 北京小眼探索科技有限公司 | Infrared moving target imaging tracking simulation method |
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