CN106371200B - The big visual field heavy caliber of broadband rolls over three anti-non-focus optical system of axis - Google Patents
The big visual field heavy caliber of broadband rolls over three anti-non-focus optical system of axis Download PDFInfo
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- CN106371200B CN106371200B CN201610986110.9A CN201610986110A CN106371200B CN 106371200 B CN106371200 B CN 106371200B CN 201610986110 A CN201610986110 A CN 201610986110A CN 106371200 B CN106371200 B CN 106371200B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B17/00—Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
- G02B17/02—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system
- G02B17/06—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system using mirrors only, i.e. having only one curved mirror
- G02B17/0626—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system using mirrors only, i.e. having only one curved mirror using three curved mirrors
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of big visual field heavy calibers of broadband to roll over three anti-non-focus optical system of axis, for detecting the target in remote, a wide range of, improves target acquisition distance and detection probability.The structure of optical system is：Paraboloid principal reflection mirror and hyperboloid secondary mirror form telephotolens system, and the object focus of three speculum of hyperboloid is overlapped with the rear focus of telephotolens, and entrance pupil is located on principal reflection mirror, and flat scanning mirror is located at the emergent pupil of system.Optical texture provided by the invention, by small bias and inclination, to realize the design for rolling over three anti-non-focus optical system of axis without the secondary big visual field heavy caliber blocked.Compared with coaxial system, keep similar mechanical structure, but avoid it is secondary caused by three mirrors under big visual field block, visual field is opposite to be increased；It is compact-sized compared with traditional off-axis system, it is small, meet system compact, light-weighted requirement；Introduced bias and tilt quantity very little, enlargement ratio is larger and MTF is close to diffraction limit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of big visual field heavy calibers of broadband to roll over three anti-non-focus optical system of axis, before being applicable to the third generation
Depending on the preposition without burnt telescopic system of infrared system.
Background technology
Afocal system is also referred to as telescopic system, as a kind of important optical system, is mainly used in laser beam expanding, infrared
With in forward-looking infrared, telephoto lens and zoom lens.Wherein, forward looking infrared system is by preposition look in the distance afocal system and subsequent imaging
System is constituted.Preposition total aperture portion of the afocal system as multi channel imaging system of looking in the distance, entrance pupil is compressed, is swept
It retouches mechanism to be located at emergent pupil, the collimated light beam through reflecting enters subsequent imaging system.With Raytheon Co. of the U.S. and night vision and
The third generation forward-looking infrared imaging system of electronic sensor committee R ＆ D Cooperation, infrared system of new generation are adjustable towards visual field
Range constantly expands；Detecting band constantly broadens；Detector resolution is continuously improved；The direction of system structure miniaturization is developed.
At the same time, also completely different with earlier generations infrared system, it is desirable that optical system for the design requirement of optical system
Uniting has the wave band of the visual field, big relative aperture and broadening widened.Wherein, the band widened to the selection of optical material and
The selection of design structure pattern all has an impact.Common optical system structure is broadly divided into refraction type, reflective and refraction-reflection type
Three kinds.For refraction type and refraction-reflection type system, the features such as optical system is to realize broadband, heavy caliber, it is often required to introduce special
Different optical material or more complicated structure eliminate the influence of second order spectrum, therefore its application is subject to certain restrictions.It compares
Under, reflective optical system is small to the attenuation ratio transmission material of light and space availability ratio is high entirely without aberration, can be well
Realize broadband, heavy caliber, miniaturization application demand.
Currently, mostly use large-aperture off-axis three-mirror optical system greatly both at home and abroad, but its there are certain deficiencies, such as off axis reflector
Although system can avoid it is secondary block, have good image quality.But for heavy caliber system, larger, multiplying power hardly possible is measured off axis
It is big in doing, and processing cost and resetting difficulty greatly increase.
Invention content
The present invention in view of the deficienciess of the prior art, provide it is a kind of block without secondary, wide visual field, high magnification, knot
Structure is compact, at low cost, is suitable in the preposition without burnt telescopic system of third generation forward looking infrared system.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is to provide a kind of big visual field heavy caliber of broadband
Three anti-non-focus optical system of axis is rolled over, it includes principal reflection mirror, secondary mirror, three speculums and flat scanning mirror, and the master is anti-
It is paraboloidal mirror to penetrate mirror, and relative to incident light direction, the extent of the error of principal reflection mirror is 20mm~40mm, slant range is 0 °~
2 °, the secondary mirror is hyperbolic mirror, and relative to incident light direction, the extent of the error of secondary mirror is 20mm~40mm,
Slant range is 1 °~5 °, and three speculums are hyperbolic mirror, relative to incident light direction, the extent of the error of three speculums
For -55mm~-30mm, slant range is 5 °~10 °；The optical system uses three reef knot of folding axis with intermediate real image
Structure, principal reflection mirror, secondary mirror and three speculums are located at different optical axises, their focal power is just；Principal reflection mirror
Telephotolens is constituted with secondary mirror, three speculums are collimating mirror；The entrance pupil of the optical system is located on principal reflection mirror, comes from
The infra-red radiation of target is after principal reflection mirror and secondary mirror reflection, in being formed between the principal reflection mirror and secondary mirror
Between picture, then through three speculums collimation after, the parallel light path emergent pupil of outgoing is located at flat scanning Jing Chu；The aperture diaphragm of optical system
On principal reflection mirror.
In the technical solution of the present invention, when the focal length of the telephotolens system is f1, the focal length of collimating mirror is f2, three
Laser beam compression ratio M=f1/f2 of anti-non-focus optical system.The 1/M of aperture of mirror is reflected based on the optics bore of flat scanning mirror, M is
Laser beam compression ratio.
Primary mirror, secondary mirror and three mirrors point of the big visual field heavy caliber folding three anti-non-focus optical system of axis of broadband of the present invention
Optical axis that Wei Yu be not different is suitable for broader view field imaging.The object lens of optical system and three mirrors are positive light coke, are equivalent to
One Kepler telescope, and enlargement ratio is 5.5 times.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the invention is that：
1. optical system realizes big visual field requirement using aspherical, compact-sized, meet system wide visual field and miniaturization
Requirement.
2. optical system is realized by carrying out small bias and inclination to each reflecting surface mirror without the secondary broadband blocked
Big visual field heavy caliber rolls over three anti-non-focus optical system of axis, is convenient for the reception and imaging of subsequent image-forming block.
3. compared with coaxial system, optical system still retains similar structure, but avoids secondary block；Visual field is opposite to be done
Greatly.
4. compared with traditional off-axis system, optical system volume smaller provided by the invention；The bias and tilt quantity of introducing
Very little, but reduction magnification is larger.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the structure of the big visual field heavy caliber folding three anti-non-focus optical system of axis of broadband provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown
It is intended to；
Fig. 2 is the modulation biography that the big visual field heavy caliber of broadband provided in an embodiment of the present invention rolls over three anti-non-focus optical system of axis
Delivery function curve graph；
Fig. 3 is the point range that the big visual field heavy caliber of broadband provided in an embodiment of the present invention rolls over three anti-non-focus optical system of axis
Figure；
In Fig. 1：1, principal reflection mirror and entrance pupil position；2, secondary mirror；3, intermediate image plane；4, three speculum；5, plane is swept
Retouch mirror and exit pupil position；6, perfect lens；7, ideal image planes.
Specific implementation mode
Technical solution of the present invention work is further specifically described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Embodiment 1
The big visual field heavy caliber of a kind of broadband provided in this embodiment rolls over three anti-non-focus optical system of axis, it includes paraboloid
Principal reflection mirror, hyperboloid secondary mirror, three speculum of hyperboloid and flat scanning mirror.Three anti-afocal systems, which use, intermediary image
Axis TMA structure types are rolled over, the infra-red radiation angle pencil of ray from target is compressed into light pencil, field angle is simultaneously amplified, without secondary
The extraction reality emergent pupil blocked is convenient for the reception and imaging of subsequent image-forming block.
Referring to attached drawing 1, it rolls over three anti-non-focus optical system knot of axis for the big visual field heavy caliber of broadband provided in this embodiment
The entrance pupil of structure schematic diagram, optical system is located on principal reflection mirror 1, and the emergent pupil being conjugated with it is located at flat scanning Jing5Chu；From remote
Locate the infrared energy of target after the objective lens paraboloid principal reflection mirror 1 and hyperboloid secondary mirror 2 of telescope, is formed
The intermediary image 3 of target, position are in the focus of three speculum 4 of hyperboloid, then carry out standard to light path by three speculums 4
Directly, the parallel light path emergent pupil of outgoing is located at flat scanning Jing5Chu；The aperture diaphragm of non-focus optical system is located on principal reflection mirror 1.
Principal reflection mirror 1, secondary mirror 2 and three speculums 4 are located at different optical axises, and focal power is just；Principal reflection
Mirror 1 and secondary mirror 2 constitute telephotolens, and the focal length of telephotolens system is f1, and three speculums 4 are collimating mirror, collimating mirror
Focal length is f2, then laser beam compression ratio M=f1/f2 without burnt telescope optical system.It is reflected based on the optics bore of flat scanning mirror 5
The 1/M of 1 bore of mirror, M are laser beam compression ratio.
For the ease of carrying out analysis and evaluation to optical system, perfect lens group 6 is added in the parallel light path of outgoing, makes
On the resonable imagination face of its ideal image 7.
Three anti-non-focus optical system of folding axis provided in this embodiment, MTF is close to diffraction limit.Systematic technical indicator is as follows：
Telescope clear aperture：φ320mm ；
Visual field： 2° ×3.2° ；
Operation wavelength：3 μm~12 μm；
Telescope enlargement ratio：5.5 again.
The feature of the optical system maximum of the present invention is exactly that the structure similar with coaxial system is remained at it, by micro-
Small bias and inclination is realized without the secondary extraction reality emergent pupil blocked；Realize that big visual field requirement, structure are tight using aspherical
It gathers, it is small；And for opposite off-axis system, it is convenient for adjustment, cost reduction.
It is provided in this embodiment to be used for the bigbore three anti-non-focus optical system of folding axis of the big visual field of broadband, primary structure
Parameter is as shown in table 1, and the eccentricity and tilt quantity of each speculum are as shown in table 2
1 folding axis of table, three anti-afocal system structural parameters
| Speculum | Radius/mm | Spacing/mm | Conic | Focal length/mm | High-order coefficient |
| Primary mirror | -598.6 | -211.6 | -1 | -- | 3.1E-16-1.8E-20,4.5E-25 |
| Secondary mirror | -235.1 | 544.7 | -2.8 | -- | - 3.6E-13,1.2E-16, -1.6E-20 |
| Three mirrors | -395.5 | -295.3 | -1.2 | -- | - 1.6E-13,2.6E-17, -2.0E-21 |
| Scanning mirror | -- | 200 | -- | -- | -- |
| Perfect lens | -- | 200 | -- | 200 | -- |
2 each reflecting surface of table bias and tilt quantity
| Speculum | It is eccentric（mm） | It tilts（°） |
| Primary mirror | 29.273 | 0.436 |
| Secondary mirror | 23.196 | 2.364 |
| Three mirrors | -41.602 | 6.805 |
Referring to attached drawing 2, it is the modulation transfer function of system（MTF）Curve, the weight at 3 μm, 7.5 μm, 12 μm of wavelength
When the factor is 1, sampling number is 64 × 64, the modulation transfer function at optical system ideal image planes（MTF）Curve, such as Fig. 2 institutes
Show.The case where wherein black line indicates diffraction limit MTF curve, other curves indicate different visual fields, it is seen that image quality is close to diffraction pole
Limit.
Referring to attached drawing 3, it is the point range figure in ray tracing ideal image plane, and black circles indicate Airy in figure.It can
See that image patch major part energy concentrates in Airy, shows the image quality that the system has had.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of big visual field heavy caliber of broadband rolls over three anti-non-focus optical system of axis, it includes principal reflection mirror（1）, secondary mirror
（2）, three speculums（4）With flat scanning mirror（5）, the aperture diaphragm of optical system is located at principal reflection mirror（1）On, feature exists
In：The principal reflection mirror（1）For paraboloidal mirror, relative to incident light direction, the extent of the error of principal reflection mirror be 20mm~
40mm, slant range are 0 °~2 °, the secondary mirror（2）For hyperbolic mirror, relative to incident light direction, secondary mirror
Extent of the error is 20mm~40mm, and slant range is 1 °~5 °, three speculums（4）For hyperbolic mirror, relative to incidence
The extent of the error of light direction, three speculums is -55mm~-30mm, and slant range is 5 °~10 °；The optical system uses
Three antistructure of folding axis with intermediate real image, principal reflection mirror（1）, secondary mirror（2）With three speculums（4）It is located at different
Optical axis, their focal power are just；Principal reflection mirror（1）And secondary mirror（2）Constitute telephotolens, three speculums（4）Subject to
Straight mirror；The entrance pupil of the optical system is located at principal reflection mirror（1）On, the infra-red radiation from target is through principal reflection mirror（1）With it is secondary
Speculum（2）After reflection, in the principal reflection mirror（1）And secondary mirror（2）Between form intermediary image（3）, then through three reflections
Mirror（4）After collimation, the parallel light path emergent pupil of outgoing is located at flat scanning mirror（5）Place.
2. the big visual field heavy caliber of broadband according to claim 1 rolls over three anti-non-focus optical system of axis, it is characterised in that：When
The focal length of the telephotolens system is f1, and the focal length of collimating mirror is f2, the laser beam compression ratio M of three anti-non-focus optical systems=
f1/f2。
3. the big visual field heavy caliber of broadband according to claim 1 rolls over three anti-non-focus optical system of axis, it is characterised in that：It is flat
Surface scan mirror（5）Optics bore be main speculum（1）The 1/M of bore, M are laser beam compression ratio.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610986110.9A CN106371200B (en) | 2016-11-09 | 2016-11-09 | The big visual field heavy caliber of broadband rolls over three anti-non-focus optical system of axis |
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| CN201610986110.9A CN106371200B (en) | 2016-11-09 | 2016-11-09 | The big visual field heavy caliber of broadband rolls over three anti-non-focus optical system of axis |
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| CN106371200B true CN106371200B (en) | 2018-08-24 |
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| CN107132028B (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2023-04-11 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Large-view-field off-axis three-mirror optical system MTF testing device and testing method |
| CN108227166B (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2023-09-05 | 苏州亿帝电子科技有限公司 | Off-axis two-reflection system of microchip laser range finder |
| EP3588165A1 (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2020-01-01 | Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast- natuurwetenschappelijk onderzoek TNO | Afocal in-field pointing telescope system |
| CN111367067B (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2020-12-11 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Total reflection type afocal optical system |
| CN113126271B (en) | 2020-01-15 | 2023-07-28 | 清华大学 | Free-form surface optical telescopic system |
| CN113126270B (en) | 2020-01-15 | 2022-04-22 | 清华大学 | Free-form surface off-axis three-mirror imaging system |
| CN113238368B (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2023-08-25 | 合肥综合性国家科学中心能源研究院(安徽省能源实验室) | Non-secondary blocking surface view field folded-axis three-mirror telescope objective lens |
| CN113568151A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-10-29 | 西安航空学院 | Large-caliber splicing primary mirror optical system for realizing high resolution |
| CN113625458B (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2022-04-22 | 北京理工大学 | Double confocal reflection type zoom beam expander |
| CN114660792A (en) * | 2022-02-14 | 2022-06-24 | 成都浩孚科技有限公司 | Reflection type afocal optical system |
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