A kind of vapour, heat, charcoal trilogy supply biomass combustion device
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of biomass combustion device.
Background technology
In three large regenerative resources (solar energy, wind energy, biomass energy), living beings are the energy of sole material, and most storability possesses the ability of substitute fossil fuels.Living beings are present on the earth with various forms such as agricultural aquatic resources, organic industry discarded object, house refuses, and they are renewable resources of carbon neutral, have the plurality of advantages such as reserves are large, storage characteristics is strong, other material alternative.Biomass Briquette Technologies is ripe, market is extensive, can replace coal, oil or natural gas for central heating, Industrial Boiler, family's cooking, heating and biomass power generation etc.At present, for the Industrial Boiler of biomass combustion and cooking stove be all burn be entirely object and with this parameter for performance assessment criteria.On the other hand, with mosquito-repellent incense factory, fireworks factory, active carbon factory, charcoal for roasting factory, military project nitre factory, freeze a large amount of charcoals of needs such as refinery, steel plant, industrial silicon plant, charcoal is also derive from living beings.Traditional charing mode is by biomass carbonated process, a large amount of volatile matters (accounting for 60% of living beings total amount of heat) of release are burnt in vain and are wasted, what stay is the solid carbon accounting for gross weight 30%, and the added value of solid carbon is far away higher than the added value becoming heat after burning.Such as, along with people are to the attention of living environment and quality of life, charcoal is made active carbon and is used for sewage disposal, in adsorbable sewage, a large amount of harmful and noxious substance, puts at home, a large amount of harmful and noxious substance in adsorbable air.
But at present the energy of living beings does not make full use of by biomass combustion device, cause the waste of the energy and do not realize its maximum added value.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, for the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of vapour, heat, charcoal trilogy supply biomass combustion device are provided, volatile matter in living beings can be carried out half gasification Thorough combustion and solid carbon is remained and stops it to burn, and then can be user steam, hot water and charcoal are provided simultaneously.
Technical scheme of the present invention is, a kind of vapour, heat, charcoal trilogy supply biomass combustion device, comprise the feed hopper of the first traveling-grate stoker in body of heater, body of heater and dress biomass fuel, the discharging opening of feed hopper passes into the first chain fire-gate feed end, is divided into thermal dehydration district, combustion zone and flame-out district successively in body of heater by the first chain fire-gate direction of transfer; This burner also comprises heat exchanger, and top, described body of heater thermal dehydration district is provided with the first jet chimney be connected with heat exchanger; Be provided with burner hearth in described body of heater combustion zone, and outside burner hearth, be provided with the combustion-supporting mechanism promoting burner hearth endogenous substance full combustion of fuel; Described body of heater stops working in district and is provided with spraying mechanism, and is provided with at the stop working top in district of body of heater the second jet chimney be connected with heat exchanger; Be provided with the vexed charcoal case be communicated with body of heater below described first chain fire-gate exhaust end, be provided with second traveling-grate stoker consistent with the first traveling-grate stoker direction of transfer in vexed charcoal case, described first chain fire-gate exhaust end is corresponding with the second chain fire-gate feed end; Be provided with cooling water pipe in described heat exchanger, be provided with hot water storage tank outside heat exchanger, the water side of cooling water pipe is connected with hot water storage tank, and described exchanger base is provided with storage tank, and the delivery port of storage tank is connected with spraying mechanism by pipeline; Described body of heater combustion zone outer wall, flame-out district's outer wall and vexed charcoal box outer wall are provided with the water heating casing of band water inlet and delivery port, thermometer is provided with in water heating casing, and the delivery port of water heating casing is connected to hot water storage tank by hot water drainpipe, the water inlet of described water heating casing is connected to hot water storage tank by hot water inlet pipe.
Body of heater divides three sections according to the height of temperature, i.e. thermal dehydration district, combustion zone, flame-out district, and Heating Zone Temperature is 40 DEG C-280 DEG C, and combustion zone temperature is 280 DEG C-500 DEG C, and flame-out district temperature is 480 DEG C-280 DEG C.Raw material is through the thermal treatment zone, and table moisture is vaporized completely into steam and gushes out from pore in living beings, leads to plate type heat exchanger through the first jet chimney, and small part Volatile pours into the burner hearth of combustion zone and ignition simultaneously.Raw material is through combustion zone, and a large amount of volatile matter is at high temperature separated out completely, meets air and burns rapidly, and release amount of heat fast in burner hearth, and now burner hearth central temperature is up to more than 1000 DEG C.After volatile matter is separated out completely, remaining red as fire charcoal is pushed into flame-out district, and due to the severe depletion of oxygen of flame-out district, red as fire charcoal no longer burns, and extinguishes at leisure.Red as fire charcoal falls to the process of vexed charcoal case from the first traveling-grate stoker, runs into rushing of three strands of water columns and spills, extinguish fast during red as fire charcoal chance water.Meanwhile, be gasificated into water vapour rapidly when water droplet is stained with red as fire carbon surface, this part water vapour leads to plate type heat exchanger by the second steam pipeline.By the red as fire charcoal that water extinguished, the vexed charcoal case through anoxic is slowly cooled to about 50 DEG C, drops down onto dress charcoal case in the second chain fire-gate promotion downslide.The described body of heater combustion zone outer wall of this device, flame-out district's outer wall and vexed charcoal box outer wall are provided with the band water inlet of connection and the water heating casing of delivery port, case is built with the water that need heat, when in case, hot water reaches design temperature, open entering water electromagnetic valve, hot water is ejected casing and flows to hot water storage tank, for terminal use by cooling water.Water vapour, through heat exchanger, is condensed into the globule and releases heat, heated by pipe inner cooling water simultaneously in the metal surface of the cooling water pipe that cooling water is housed.Condensation flow to exchanger base storage tank, then is sprayed to extinguish red as fire charcoal to red as fire charcoal by pipeline and spray head, and so move in circles, red as fire charcoal obtains extinguishing and becomes charcoal block (grain), and cooling water is stored in storage tank for terminal use after obtaining heating.Install steam copper body in this device upper furnace, can provide steam, install atmospheric hot-water pot body, can provide hot water, in water jacket case, hot water can be used for a pot body water inlet simultaneously, also can directly use.
Described furnace body outer wall, the first jet chimney, the second jet chimney, heat exchanger, hot water storage tank and vexed charcoal case are all surrounded by heat-insulation layer outward, and the heat-insulation layer of body of heater combustion zone, stop working district and vexed charcoal case is located at the outside of water heating casing, ensures hot water thermal insulating effect.
Described body of heater is equipped with ashpit near the first chain fire-gate feed end and vexed charcoal case near the second chain fire-gate feed end, for removing the lime-ash below fire grate,
Dress charcoal case is provided with, for reclaiming charcoal near the second chain fire-gate exhaust end outside described vexed charcoal case.
Near the second jet chimney place, screen pack is installed in described flame-out district, stops the ash content in water vapour to enter into heat exchanger.
Described heat exchanger top is provided with steam exhaust-gas hole.
Ignition mechanism is provided with, convenient igniting in described body of heater thermal dehydration district.
Described combustion-supporting mechanism comprises the burner hearth bottom air intake air blast being located at burner hearth bottom and the burner hearth side oxygenation air blast being located at burner hearth both sides.By the air blast oxygenation of above-mentioned air blast, volatile matter is Thorough combustion more.
Described spraying mechanism comprise be located at condensed water spray head in body of heater above flame-out district and both sides, flame-out district put out charcoal spray head, arrange multiple spray head, spraying effect is better.
The side of described feed hopper is provided with the fuel depth adjustable plate for fuel metering thickness, and this fuel depth adjustable plate can vertically be placed, and the space between fuel depth adjustable plate bottom and the first traveling-grate stoker is the thickness of fuel.
Vapour of the present invention, heat, charcoal trilogy supply biomass combustion device, can carry out half gasification Thorough combustion and solid carbon be remained and stop it to burn, can be user and provide steam, hot water and charcoal simultaneously by volatile matter in living beings.Like this, both take full advantage of the heat energy of living beings, turn improve the added value of living beings.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of an embodiment of the present invention;
In the drawings:
1-buncher; 2-chain drive-belt; 3-ashpit; 4-first traveling-grate stoker; 5-feed hopper; 7-fuel depth adjustable plate; 8-heat-insulation layer; 9-temperature sensor; 10-burner hearth bottom air intake air blast; 11-burner hearth side oxygenation air blast; 12-first jet chimney; 13-hot water effluent magnetic valve; 14-water heating casing; 15-burner hearth; 16-puts out charcoal spray piping magnetic valve; 17-puts out charcoal spray head; 18-condensed water spray head; 19-condensate pipe magnetic valve; 20-heat exchanger blowoff valve; 21-heat exchanger; 22-heat exchanger steam exhaust-gas hole; 23-heat exchanger entering water electromagnetic valve; 24-hot water storage tank; 25-boiler blowoff valve; 26-hot water user water circulating pump; 27-hot water user terminal; 28-tank hot water is heating electromagnetic valve again; 29-running water magnetic valve; 30-fills charcoal case; 32-hot water drainpipe; 33-hot water inlet pipe; 34-burner hearth refractory concrete; 35-screen pack; 36-ignition mechanism; 37-second traveling-grate stoker; 38-second jet chimney; The vexed charcoal case of 39-; 40-cooling water pipe.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of vapour, heat, charcoal trilogy supply biomass combustion device, comprise the feed hopper 5 of the first traveling-grate stoker 4 in body of heater, body of heater and dress biomass fuel, the discharging opening of feed hopper 5 passes into the feed end of the first traveling-grate stoker 4, is divided into thermal dehydration district, combustion zone and flame-out district successively in body of heater by the direction of transfer of the first traveling-grate stoker 4; This burner also comprises heat exchanger 21, and top, described body of heater thermal dehydration district is provided with the first jet chimney 12 be connected with heat exchanger 21; Be provided with burner hearth 15 in described body of heater combustion zone, and outside burner hearth 15, be provided with the combustion-supporting mechanism promoting burner hearth 15 endogenous substance full combustion of fuel; Described body of heater stops working in district and is provided with spraying mechanism, and is provided with at the stop working top in district of body of heater the second jet chimney 38 be connected with heat exchanger 21; The vexed charcoal case 39 be communicated with body of heater is provided with below the exhaust end of described first traveling-grate stoker 4, be provided with second traveling-grate stoker 37 consistent with the first traveling-grate stoker 4 direction of transfer in vexed charcoal case 39, the exhaust end of described first traveling-grate stoker 4 is corresponding with the feed end of the second traveling-grate stoker 37; Cooling water pipe 40 is provided with in described heat exchanger 21, hot water storage tank 24 is provided with outside heat exchanger 21, the water side of cooling water pipe 40 is connected with hot water storage tank 24, and be provided with storage tank 41 bottom described heat exchanger 21, the delivery port of storage tank 41 is connected with spraying mechanism by pipeline; Described body of heater combustion zone outer wall, flame-out district's outer wall and vexed charcoal box outer wall are provided with the water heating casing 14 of band water inlet and delivery port, thermometer 9 is provided with in water heating casing 14, and the delivery port of water heating casing 14 is connected to hot water storage tank 24 by hot water drainpipe 32, the water inlet of described water heating casing 14 is connected to hot water storage tank 24 by hot water inlet pipe 33.
Furnace body outer wall, the first jet chimney 12, second jet chimney 38, heat exchanger 21, hot water storage tank 24 and vexed charcoal case 39 are outer is all surrounded by heat-insulation layer, and the heat-insulation layer of body of heater combustion zone, stop working district and vexed charcoal case 39 is located at the outside of water heating casing 14.
Body of heater is equipped with ashpit 3 near the feed end of the first traveling-grate stoker 4 and vexed charcoal case 39 near the feed end of the second traveling-grate stoker 37.
Dress charcoal case 30 is provided with near the exhaust end of the second traveling-grate stoker 37 outside vexed charcoal case 39.
Near the second jet chimney 38 place, screen pack 35 is installed in described flame-out district.
Heat exchanger 21 top is provided with steam exhaust-gas hole 22.
Body of heater thermal dehydration is provided with ignition mechanism 36 in district.
Combustion-supporting mechanism comprises the burner hearth bottom air intake air blast 10 be located at bottom burner hearth 15 and the burner hearth side oxygenation air blast 11 being located at burner hearth 15 both sides.
Spraying mechanism comprise be located at condensed water spray head 18 in body of heater above flame-out district and both sides, flame-out district put out charcoal spray head 16.
The side of feed hopper 5 is provided with the fuel depth adjustable plate 7 for fuel metering thickness.
The course of work of the present invention is: biomass fuel drops to the first traveling-grate stoker 4 feed end from feed hopper 5, first traveling-grate stoker moves to burner hearth 15 direction under buncher 1 and chain drive-belt 2 drive, chain translational speed is realized by buncher 1, and feed thickness is realized by fuel depth adjustable plate 7.When fuel is by the thermal treatment zone, slowly dewater and flash to water vapour, plate type heat exchanger 21 is poured into by the first jet chimney 12, when fuel is near burner hearth 15, start to separate out volatile matter and burn, during by burner hearth 15, under burner hearth bottom air intake air blast 10 blasting action, the also half gasification, and combustion heat release of a large amount of volatile matter of rapid precipitation, after burner hearth side oxygenation air blast 11 air blast oxygenation, volatile matter is Thorough combustion more, release amount of heat, burner hearth central temperature can be made up to more than 1000 DEG C, the volatile matter of fuel is all separated out and after burning, the red as fire charcoal stayed enters anoxic Xi Tan district, vexed charcoal case is fallen under traveling-grate stoker promotes, drop in process at red as fire charcoal, condensed water spray head 18 can be obtained spray with the water column putting out charcoal spray head 17 3 directions, shower water by condensate pipe magnetic valve 19 with put out charcoal spray piping magnetic valve 16 and regulate, during red as fire charcoal chance shower water, surface is extinguished by water, about 50 DEG C are cooled to again after vexed charcoal case, dress charcoal case 30 is fallen under the second traveling-grate stoker 37 promotes.Water column is heated and is flashed to water vapour when being sprayed onto red as fire carbon surface in wink, steam pours into plate type heat exchanger 21 by the second jet chimney 38, when steam is by heat exchanger internal cooling water wall, major part is condensed into the globule and drops in heat exchanger storage tank, and small part water vapour is discharged in air by steam vent 22.Cooling water enters heat exchanger by heat exchanger entering water electromagnetic valve 23, just hot water storage tank 24 is flowed to when reaching design temperature, the condensed water of exchanger base is used for putting out charcoal by condensate pipe magnetic valve 19 and pipeline and sprays, and when not needing spray, is drained by plate type heat exchanger blowoff valve 20.Body of heater combustion zone outer wall, flame-out district's outer wall and vexed charcoal box outer wall are provided with the water heating casing 14 of band water inlet and delivery port, cooling water enters in casing by running water magnetic valve 29, when reaching thermometer 9 setting value, open hot water effluent's magnetic valve 13, hot water flows in hot water storage tank 24 by hot water drainpipe 32, and in storage tank, hot water flows to user terminal 27 by circulating pump 26.Unspent hot water flow back in hot water storage tank again, when hot water temperature in storage tank is lower than thermometer 9 setting value, low-temperature water heating is put in water heating casing, again to be heated by unlatching tank hot water again heating electromagnetic valve 28, so move in circles, heat can be fully used.For ensureing hot water thermal insulating effect, at all water heating casing, heat exchanger, storage tank, jet chimney, the skins such as hot water pipeline are all surrounded by heat-insulation layer 8.For removing the lime-ash below fire grate, ashpit 3 has been installed, for ensureing burner hearth service life, refractory concrete 34 has been noted in burner hearth inner pot, plate type heat exchanger is entered into for stoping the ash content in water vapour, put out in charcoal case in wet method and multistage filtering net 35 is installed, for convenience of igniting, ignition mechanism 36 has been installed.