CN103202746A - 制造复合超吸收性芯结构的方法 - Google Patents

制造复合超吸收性芯结构的方法 Download PDF

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CN103202746A
CN103202746A CN201310011823XA CN201310011823A CN103202746A CN 103202746 A CN103202746 A CN 103202746A CN 201310011823X A CN201310011823X A CN 201310011823XA CN 201310011823 A CN201310011823 A CN 201310011823A CN 103202746 A CN103202746 A CN 103202746A
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adhesive filament
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sheet material
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赫伯特·屈夫纳
恩斯特·赫林
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Nordson Corp
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Abstract

本发明涉及制造复合超吸收性芯结构的方法。方法涉及使用超吸收性材料诸如超吸收性聚合物(SAP)形成超吸收性复合芯结构。在一种方法中,超吸收性材料与粘合剂被同时喷射,以形成被粘附到第一柔性材料片材的超吸收性层。第二柔性材料片材被施用到超吸收性层,以将超吸收性层定位在第一柔性材料片材和第二柔性材料片材之间。第一柔性材料片材或第二柔性材料片材中的至少一个柔性材料片材是液体可渗透的,以允许液体从复合产品的外侧渗透到超吸收性层中。

Description

制造复合超吸收性芯结构的方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2012年1月11日提交的(待决的)第61/585,451号申请的优先权,该申请的公开内容在此通过引用并入本文。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种制造用于在一次性吸收制品,诸如包括尿布、失禁垫、健康护理产品等的个人卫生产品中使用的复合超吸收性芯结构的方法。更具体地,本发明涉及制造包括使用超吸收性聚合物(SAP)的复合超吸收性芯结构的方法。
背景技术
具有超吸收性芯结构的一次性吸收制品在本领域是众所周知的。超吸收性芯结构通常具有至少三个功能区域,即,采集区域、分布区域和储存区域。这些区域的设计和所涉及的各种材料能够导致制造挑战和增加的成本。
一种常规的超吸收性芯结构包括纤维素材料的使用。尽管纤维素材料的使用提供令人满意的采集和分布,但是通常纤维素芯结构具有较差的储存以及此外较差的润湿完整性(即,当润湿时较差的结构完整性)。可使用昂贵的粘结剂来尝试改善这种纤维素芯结构的湿润完整性。当使用纤维素材料时另一已知问题是存在结节和细粒。这些不令人满意地成形的纤维能够不利地影响芯性能。纤维素材料的使用还导致大的芯结构并且可导致不期望地厚的或大的一次性吸收制品。
另一种常规的超吸收性芯结构包括合成熔喷纤维的使用。尽管合成熔喷纤维的使用提供令人满意的润湿完整性,但是所产生的芯结构能够具有较差的采集性能。而且,这些熔喷纤维是小的且趋于是弱的,从而导致不理想的芯性能。另外,合成熔喷芯结构通常需要使用昂贵的粘结剂。
在一次性吸收物品中使用的常规的超吸收性芯结构可以是复合结构,即由离散的多个材料层,包括不同类型的材料层而制成的结构。例如,常规的吸收性芯结构可由以下制造:(a)顶层,用作用于来自穿用者的分泌物的更直接吸收的采集区域;(b)中间层,用作用于分泌物在超吸收性芯结构内的预期传输的分布区域;和(c)底层,用作分泌物的更长期储存的储存区域。已经在芯结构且尤其是底层或储存区域中使用的一种材料是SAP。该材料以各种方式被采用,比如通过在制造期间被吹入底层中。
使用SAP的另一方法已经是将SAP直接包括在粘合剂中。在该情形中,粘合剂用作用于SAP的载体。粘合剂随后在SAP的基本液体吸收性能是期望的、的区域中施用到基材。挑战与将SAP和粘合剂结合的已知方式相关联。例如,粘合剂限制SAP的必要膨胀,并且因此,阻碍SAP的液体吸收率。SAP的总体液体容纳容量也由于SAP留在粘合剂内而被减少。而且,液体不能够渗透穿过或经过粘合剂以便接触SAP。这展示出关于达到与包含SAP的粘合剂相关的制造过程的困难。
将期望的是,提供一种能够消除或至少减少诸如上面描述的问题的超吸收性复合芯结构。
发明内容
总体上,本发明是一种形成复合超吸收性芯结构的方法。该方法包括:朝第一柔性材料片材喷射第一多个粘合剂丝,所述丝具有平均直径。超吸收性粒子材料的颗粒被朝第一柔性材料片材喷射,并且所述颗粒也具有平均直径。所述超吸收性材料的颗粒的平均直径大于所述丝的平均直径。丝和颗粒在空气中混合,使得丝局部地涂覆颗粒而同时留有所述颗粒的表面区域部分未被涂覆。被局部涂覆的颗粒和粘合剂被施用到第一柔性材料片材,以形成超吸收性层。第二柔性材料片材被直接或间接地施用到超吸收性层,以将所述超吸收性层定位在第一柔性材料片材和第二柔性材料片材之间。第一柔性材料片材或第二柔性材料片材中的至少一个柔性材料片材是液体可渗透的,以允许液体渗透到超吸收性层中,接触未涂覆表面区域部分,并变得被超吸收性粒子材料吸收。
在各种实施例中提供本方法的另外的方面。优选实施例包括:以大体对准或线性阵列朝第一柔性材料片材喷射多个粘合剂丝。例如,这是通过利用附接到歧管的多个阀模块来完成的。粘合剂可以是泡沫粘合剂,所述泡沫粘合剂形成潜在地允许液体更好地穿过且到超吸收性层内的开孔结构,以便接触并且被超吸收性材料吸收。此外,泡沫粘合剂的使用可以更好地允许超吸收性材料在吸收液体时膨胀。然而,粘合剂可以代替地是以丝形式喷射的非泡沫粘合剂,从而产生局部地涂覆超吸收性材料颗粒的粘合剂丝的网络。超吸收性颗粒局部地涂覆有泡沫或非泡沫粘合剂在被施用之后允许液体渗透超吸收性材料。液体可渗透片材还能够包括无纺材料,诸如在个人卫生产品的构造中常用的那些。在该方法中使用的超吸收性材料是粉末形式的超吸收性聚合物(SAP),该粉末形式的超吸收性聚合物(SAP)由合适的装置散布或分散。例如,该装置可以将粉末自流喂入到散布元件或者可以借助于加压空气来喷射粉末。可以代替地使用其它超吸收性粒子材料,包括非聚合物材料。
在另一实施例中,粘合剂和超吸收性材料的混合在两个会聚的粘合剂丝流之间发生。将理解,可以将一个或多个另外的片材层或其它材料定位在超吸收性层和第二材料片材之间,并且在这种情形中,第二片材被间接地施用到超吸收性层。在另一实施例中,液体可渗透片材接收粘合剂和超吸收性材料组合物并且随后在过程中被折叠起来以包含混合物。在该情形中,第二材料片材通过例如被施用到折叠起来的片材部分中的一个而被间接地施用到所得到的超吸收性层。可利用本发明的超吸收性芯结构来制造一次性卫生产品。这种产品的示例为尿布、失禁垫、床垫和其它健康护理产品。在此论述的各种其它特征还能够被应用于该实施例并且可以按任何期望的组合来使用。
各种另外的优点和特征在本领域技术人员审阅结合附图而给出的以下示例性实施例的详细描述时将变得更明显。
附图说明
图1是根据示例性实施例的用于构造复合超吸收性芯结构的制造系统的示意性透视图。
图2是图1所示的系统的示意性侧视图。
图3是与图2类似的视图,但是示出了具有两个粘合剂分配单元的可替代系统。
图4是由图1-3的系统形成的超吸收性粉末或粒子材料和粘合剂丝的混合物的极度放大的示意性视图。
具体实施方式
应注意,当在此采用术语“颗粒”或“粒子”等时,在与术语“超吸收性”或“超吸收性聚合物”一起使用时通常包含任何离散的形状或形式。颗粒或粒子能够包括薄片、纤维、结块、微粒、球等及其组合。颗粒或粒子能够具有任何期望的形状,诸如例如规则或不规则形式的多边形、杆状、多面体形、球形或其它圆化或有角形状。术语“颗粒”和“粒子”也包含包括多于一个单个颗粒的结块。另外,颗粒或粒子可包括多于一种类型的材料。
当单独使用或结合聚合物或非聚合物材料使用时,术语“超吸收性”指遇水膨胀的、不溶于水的有机或无机材料,该材料在大部分有利条件下能够在包含0.9重量百分比的氯化钠的水溶液中吸收至少约10倍其重量。
图1和2示意用于形成超吸收性复合芯结构12的制造系统10和方法的第一实施例。应理解,该系统将大体仅为整个制造系统的一部分,并且例如,将通常包括被设计为用以制造一次性吸收性成品的另外的上游和/或下游操作,所述一次性吸收性成品诸如个人卫生产品或诸如床垫等的其它吸收性产品。作为示例,这些将包括尿布、失禁垫等。许多其它类型的一次性吸收性产品也可以使用如此处大体描述所形成的复合超吸收性芯结构来制造。
第一辊14和第二辊16接收相应的第一柔性材料片材18和第二柔性材料片材20,所述材料片材被示出为连续的材料幅。为了制造个人卫生产品,所述材料片材中的一种材料片材可以是背片材,诸如液体不可渗透的聚乙烯,而另一种片材可以是液体可渗透的并且例如由无纺材料形成。粘合剂喷雾分配单元22被可调节地安装到由辊14承载的第一片材18附近,并且通常朝移动的片材18的向外面向的表面18a喷射热熔性粘合剂26。在该示例中,单个粘合剂分配单元22包括多个粘合剂阀模块22a,该多个粘合剂阀模块22a一起将粘合剂丝26的大体对准或线性阵列有效地喷射到与所述表面18a间隔开的区域30。阀模块22a被安装到一个或多个加热歧管28,以供应热熔性粘合剂以及处理空气,所述处理空气用于使包括阵列26的粘合剂丝变细。单元22的角度可以如箭头32所示被调节。单个丝图案(可以采取许多不同的形式,包括旋涡或其它丝图案。合适的粘合剂施用器或阀模块22a为包括诸如在美国专利公布No.2009/0258138或美国专利No.7,798,434中显示和描述的签名
Figure BDA00002726390500051
喷嘴的由诺信公司(NordsonCoporation)销售的那些,这些专利的公开内容在此通过引用完全地并入本文。阀模块22a可以是美国专利No.6,676,038中示出和描述的类型的阀模块,该专利的公开内容在此通过引用完全地并入本文。
粉末排放单元40也被安装成使得该单元40的出口42指向区域30,该区域30接收粘合剂26。粉末排放单元40包括SAP粉末44的供应(图2),该SAP粉末44的供应诸如由进入接收腔室48中的计量轮46适当地计量。来自源50的加压空气被导引到排放出口通道52中,以与SAP粉末混合,从而形成细长空气流与粉末混合物,所述细长空气流与粉末混合物56与粘合剂26混合。可替代地,可以利用任何其它合适的装置将粉末44散布或分散到粘合剂26中。如将结合图4进一步示出和描述,当SAP44和粘合剂26在空气中相互接触时,SAP粉末44的颗粒将局部地但不完全地涂覆有粘合剂26。在混合物被施用到片材18后,颗粒保持被局部地涂覆。将理解,SAP粉末的一些颗粒可以保持未被涂覆或甚至被完全涂覆,但是优选的是,如以下参考图4进一步描述地,大部分颗粒仅被局部地涂覆。颗粒的局部涂覆允许颗粒结合到彼此并且还粘附到片材18,同时维持湿气直接地接触用于直接吸收的颗粒的未涂覆区域的能力。此外,局部涂覆允许颗粒在吸收湿气时更充分地膨胀。混合物56的宽度近似地等于分配器22的长度,分配器22的长度取决于模块22a的数量。混合物56的宽度近似地等于或小于片材18的宽度。粘合剂26和SAP粉末44在接触材料片材18并且粘附到材料片材18之前在空气(即,区域30)中混合在一起。粘合剂26和粉末44一起粘结为形成粘合剂和SAP的气载混合物58的纠缠的或缠结的网络,该混合物58随后被施用到材料片材18。这在第一片材18的表面18a上形成缠结的SAP44和喷射的液体粘合剂26的超吸收性层60。芯结构12的这些第一层18和第二层60然后被粘附到第三层,例如在辊16上移动的第二柔性片材20。该三层复合芯结构12然后从辊16向下游移动以用于任何随后的制造处理,例如用于制造一次性个人卫生产品。将理解,可以在第二片材20被施用之前或之后对超吸收性层60施用另外的片材材料层或其它材料。作为未示出的另一种选择,可以在将第二柔性片材20和/或其它层施用到超吸收性层60之前将第一柔性片材18折叠起来以包含超吸收性层60。
在本发明的实施例中使用的SAP材料44可以例如包括其中各个SAP颗粒具有范围从约30微米至约150微米的尺寸的粉末形式的SAP。粘合剂被以这样的形式被喷射:包括被排放并且被变细成范围从约10微米至约20微米的丝直径的丝。可以以各种方式调节粘合剂丝直径尺寸,诸如通过在丝从每个模块22a的喷嘴排放时调节处理空气的流率和/或压力,该处理空气用以使丝变细。作为其它选择,可以改变与模块22a相关联的粘合剂出口的直径,可以改变粘合剂温度和/或可以调节模块22a和片材18之间的距离。粘合剂丝的平均直径小于SAP颗粒的平均直径。以适于预期应用的厚度将SAP和粘合剂的混合物58施用到第一基材18。例如,较小尺寸的尿布可能需要具有厚度为约2mm至约3mm的层60,而成人尺寸的产品可能具有厚度为约4mm至约5mm的层60。厚度差异将通常通过调节施用到第一片材18的粘合剂和SAP混合物58的量来调节,例如与调节SAP的颗粒尺寸相反。粘合剂可以是泡沫粘合剂或固体粘合剂。因为粘合剂的量将至多降低约50个百分比,所以泡沫粘合剂的使用将导致较低的总成本。
图3示出根据本发明实施例构造的另一可替代系统70。该系统70与图1和2所示的系统10类似,除了在粉末排放单元40附近且在排放粉末44的流56和区域30的相反侧上安装第二粘合剂分配单元72。与第一分配单元22相似,该第二分配单元72也可以如由箭头74所指示是可调节的,使得可以改变粘合剂的第一排放流26和第二排放流76之间的会聚角度以使粘合剂和SAP粉末在区域30中的缠结和混合最佳化,缠结和混合在所述区域30中发生。第二粘合剂分配单元72具有与第一粘合剂分配单元22相同的设计。图3所示的系统70的其它所有方面与结合图1和2的系统10所示出和描述的相同,并且因此,在这些附图中对相似的元件使用相似的附图标记,并且不需要进一步描述。
图4是与粘合剂丝82缠结或混合的SAP颗粒80的极度放大且示意性的视图。该示意图示意利用粘合剂丝82纠缠且局部地涂覆SAP颗粒80使得缠结的粘合剂和SAP颗粒的混合物58(参见图1-3)可以被有效地粘附到第一片材18的一种优选方式。另外,SAP颗粒80在复合芯结构12中有效地吸收液体。如图4所示,粘合剂丝82粘附到颗粒80,但是颗粒80的表面区域84保持暴露或未涂覆有粘合剂丝82使得颗粒80的表面区域84将在芯结构12的使用期间仍与液体直接接触。以该方式,液体被颗粒80有效地吸收并且SAP颗粒80的膨胀能够更好地发生。
尽管已经通过对各种优选实施例的描述示意了本发明,并且尽管对这些实施例在一些细节中进行了描述,但是申请人的意图并不是要将所附权利要求的范围局限或以任何方式限制到这些细节。另外的优势和变形对本领域技术人员将是显而易见的。可以根据使用者的需要和偏好单独地或以任何组合使用本发明的各种特征。这已经是本发明的描述,连同如目前已知的实践本发明的优选方法一起。然而,本发明本身应仅由所附权利要求来限定。

Claims (11)

1.一种形成复合超吸收性芯结构的方法,包括:
朝第一柔性材料片材喷射第一多个粘合剂丝,所述丝具有平均直径;
朝所述第一柔性材料片材喷射超吸收性粒子材料的颗粒,所述颗粒的平均直径大于所述丝的平均直径;
使所述丝和所述颗粒在空气中混合,使得所述丝局部地涂覆所述颗粒,同时留有所述颗粒的表面区域部分未被涂覆;
将局部涂覆的颗粒和粘合剂施用到所述第一柔性材料片材,以形成超吸收性层;以及
将第二柔性材料片材直接或间接地施用到所述超吸收性层,以将所述超吸收性层定位在所述第一柔性材料片材和第二柔性材料片材之间,其中,所述第一柔性材料片材或第二柔性材料片材中的至少一个柔性材料片材是液体可渗透的,以允许液体渗透到所述超吸收性层中,接触未被涂覆的表面区域部分,并且变得被所述超吸收性粒子材料吸收。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,喷射所述第一多个粘合剂丝还包括:喷射泡沫粘合剂丝。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述一个或多个液体可渗透片材还包括无纺材料。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,还包括:
使用所述超吸收性芯结构制造一次性卫生产品。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,喷射所述超吸收性粒子材料还包括:喷射粉末形式的SAP。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述第一片材或第二片材中的一个片材是液体不可渗透的。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法,还包括:
朝所述第一柔性材料片材喷射第二多个粘合剂丝,所述第二多个粘合剂丝包括的丝的平均直径小于所述颗粒的平均直径;以及
使来自所述第一多个粘合剂丝和第二多个粘合剂丝的粘合剂丝与所述颗粒混合,以局部地涂覆所述颗粒,同时留有所述颗粒的表面区域部分未被涂覆。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法,其中,喷射所述第一多个粘合剂丝和第二多个粘合剂丝还包括:
以第一大体线性阵列和第二大体线性阵列喷射所述第一多个粘合剂丝和第二多个粘合剂丝。
9.根据权利要求8所述的方法,还包括:
以会聚的方式朝所述超吸收性粒子材料的颗粒喷射所述第一多个粘合剂丝和第二多个粘合剂丝。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法,其中,喷射所述第一多个粘合剂丝和第二多个粘合剂丝还包括:喷射泡沫粘合剂丝。
11.根据权利要求7所述的方法,其中,喷射所述第一多个粘合剂丝和第二多个粘合剂丝还包括:喷射泡沫粘合剂丝。
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