CN103199670A - Magnetic fluid electric generator taking low-melting-point gallium alloy as electricity generating working medium - Google Patents
Magnetic fluid electric generator taking low-melting-point gallium alloy as electricity generating working medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN103199670A CN103199670A CN2013100548204A CN201310054820A CN103199670A CN 103199670 A CN103199670 A CN 103199670A CN 2013100548204 A CN2013100548204 A CN 2013100548204A CN 201310054820 A CN201310054820 A CN 201310054820A CN 103199670 A CN103199670 A CN 103199670A
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Abstract
Provided is a magnetic fluid electric generator taking low-melting-point gallium alloy as an electricity generation working medium. A main piston (5) and a main piston shaft (4) are arranged in a main hydraulic cylinder (1) in a coaxial mode. An upper auxiliary piston (7) and a lower auxiliary piston (8) are respectively arranged in an upper auxiliary hydraulic cylinder (2) and a lower auxiliary hydraulic cylinder (3) in a coaxial mode. Two ends of the upper auxiliary hydraulic cylinder (2) and two ends of the lower auxiliary hydraulic cylinder (3) are respectively communicated with the main hydraulic cylinder (1) and a magnetic fluid electricity generating passage (9). The magnetic fluid electricity generating passage (9) penetrates through a magnetic hole of a magnetic body (11). A pair of flat type electrodes (12) are tightly stuck to the inner wall of the magnetic fluid electricity generating passage (9) in a symmetrical mode, and the inner wall of the magnetic fluid electricity generating passage (9) is parallel to a field direction. Hydraulic oil (6) is filled into the upper portion of the main hydraulic cylinder (1) and the upper portion (2-1) of the upper auxiliary hydraulic cylinder (2). The hydraulic oil (6) is filled into the lower portion of the main hydraulic cylinder (1) and the lower portion (3-1) of the lower auxiliary hydraulic cylinder (3). The electricity generation working medium (10) is filled into the communicated space between the upper auxiliary piston (7) and the lower auxiliary piston (8), and the electricity generation working medium (10) is the low-melting-point gallium alloy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of liquid-metal MHD generator.
Technical background
United States Patent (USP) 5473205 has proposed a kind ofly can change the reciprocating liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic of discharge capacity according to the power of vehicle requirement (Liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic, LMMHD) automobile engine has begun the research of reciprocating type LMMHD generator.This engine has 4 pistons, adopts channel structure; The free piston at each passage two ends seals liquid metal; The inner carrier that promotes liquid metal (liquid K or Na) motion adopts magnetic couplings with the outer piston that moves by conventional combustion process.Internal combustion stroke alternately drives liquid metal linear reciprocating motion in the MHD passage, and cutting magnetic line produces AC energy.Subsequently, reciprocating type LMMHD generator begins to be applied in change discharge capacity car engine, distributed power supply and the wave-energy power generation.
The utilization of reciprocating type LMMHD generator is sealed in the liquid metal of high conductivity of MHD channel interior as generating working medium, has realized high generated output density and generating efficiency.Thereby the physicochemical characteristic of liquid metal as chemical stability, fusing point, density, conductivity, magnetic permeability, viscosity and conductive coefficient, influences reciprocating type LMMHD generator Structure, runnability and this The Application of Technology prospect to a great extent.At present, selectable generating working medium has mercury (mercury), U47 and Na-K alloy.Mercury is unique being in a liquid state at normal temperatures and runny metal, and Chinese patent CN1202758A adopts the mercuryvapour of high-temperature injection generation as generating working medium, and equipment complexity, generating efficiency are not high.This mainly is because the very big (13.5939g/cm of density of mercury
3), and conductivity only is 1.03 * 10
6S/m is used for the kinetic energy of mercury itself and the Joule heat loss of internal resistance greatly in the input energy.In addition, mercury is hypertoxic metal, has high volatile volatile, and potential safety hazard is very big.Chinese patent CN101718247A and Chinese patent CN101571097 use Na-K alloy or U47 as generating working medium.U47 is the alloy with Bi, Pb, In, Sn and Cd preparation, 47 ° of C of fusing point, density 8.8g/cm
3, conductivity is 1.67 * 10 when liquid
6S/m.Under the normal temperature, U47 is solid-state, so in concrete the application, in wave energy generating set, will consider the heating problems of U47, has not only reduced the operability of Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) and has increased the complexity of Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT).The fusing point of Na-K alloy is-11 ° of C, and density is 0.875g/cm
3, conductivity is 2.6 * 10
6S/m from density and fusing point, is well suited for the generating working medium as reciprocating type LMMHD electricity generation system.Yet Na-K alloy is very active, exposes air for a long time spontaneous combustion can take place, and meets water strong blast can take place.Thereby Na-K alloy has just proposed very high requirement to assembly environment and the sealing of Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT), has limited its scope of application.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of prior art, proposed a kind of low melting point gallium alloy that uses as the reciprocating type Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator of working medium.
The present invention mainly is made up of main hydraulic cylinder, main piston, main piston axle, upper and lower secondary hydraulic cylinder, magnet, magnetohydrodynamic generation passage, pair of plates type electrode, generating working medium, upper and lower auxiliary piston and hydraulic oil.Main hydraulic cylinder and upper and lower secondary hydraulic cylinder are cylindrical.Main piston and the main piston axle is coaxial places in the main hydraulic cylinder.Do not have coupking shaft between the upper and lower auxiliary piston, upper and lower auxiliary piston is coaxial placing in the upper and lower secondary hydraulic cylinder respectively.One end of upper and lower secondary hydraulic cylinder is communicated with main hydraulic cylinder respectively, the other end of upper and lower secondary hydraulic cylinder respectively with the magnetohydrodynamic generation channel connection; The magnetohydrodynamic generation passage passes the magnetic hole of magnet.Main piston and upper and lower auxiliary piston are divided into upper and lower two spaces with main hydraulic cylinder and upper and lower secondary hydraulic cylinder respectively; The upper space of main hydraulic cylinder is communicated with the upper space of last secondary hydraulic cylinder, and the upper space of main hydraulic cylinder and the upper space of last secondary hydraulic cylinder are full of hydraulic oil.The lower space of main hydraulic cylinder is communicated with the lower space of following secondary hydraulic cylinder, and the lower space of main hydraulic cylinder is full of hydraulic oil with the lower space of following secondary hydraulic cylinder.Connected space between the upper and lower auxiliary piston is full of generating working medium.One end and the main piston of main piston axle connect firmly, and the other end of main piston axle stretches out from the upper end of main hydraulic cylinder, are connected with outside reciprocating driver, as the float that moves up and down with wave.The lower end of going up secondary hydraulic cylinder links to each other with the upper end of magnetohydrodynamic generation passage, and the inside radius in the cross section of this junction to the flat pole upper end of power channel dwindles gradually; The upper end of secondary hydraulic cylinder links to each other with magnetohydrodynamic generation passage lower end down, and the inside radius in the cross section of this junction to the flat pole lower end of power channel dwindles gradually.Magnet is dipolar, produces the magnetic field perpendicular with the generating working medium flow direction.Pair of plates type electrode is close on the inwall parallel with magnetic direction in the magnetohydrodynamic generation passage symmetrically.It is the gallium alloy of 5 ° of C that generating working medium adopts fusing point, and the density of gallium alloy is 6.4g/cm
3, conductivity is 3.4 * 10
6S/m is liquid under the normal temperature, and chemical stability is good.
Operation principle of the present invention and the course of work are as follows:
When driving main piston, external force moves upward, the hydraulic oil in main hydraulic cylinder internal upper part space is pressed into the upper space of secondary hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic oil of the upper space of secondary hydraulic cylinder is increased gradually, the generating working medium in secondary cylinder lower space is gone up in auxiliary piston extruding downwards in the promotion, thereby make generating working medium pass through the magnetohydrodynamic generation passage vertically downward with certain speed, auxiliary piston moves downward under promoting, and the hydraulic oil in Dui Ying following secondary cylinder lower space flows into the lower space of main hydraulic cylinder with it.Vice versa.Generating working medium back and forth flows in the magnetohydrodynamic generation passage, cutting magnetic line constantly, thus produce alternate electric energy, derive by electrode.
The present invention adopts the gallium alloy of low melting point, low-density, high conductivity as generating working medium, and low melting point makes it at normal temperatures for liquid, has simplified generator Structure, has improved its operability; Its density is about half of mercury, is about 75% of U47, under identical power output, has reduced the driving external force that needs, and has improved system effectiveness.In addition, gallium alloy nontoxic pollution-free, stable chemical performance, preparation are simple and safe.Therefore power density of the present invention is big, system effectiveness is high, installs simply, and volume is less, and is easy to maintenance, fields such as applicable wave-energy power generation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is liquid magnetofluid electric generator structure schematic diagram of the present invention, and among the figure: secondary hydraulic cylinder on 1 main hydraulic cylinder, 2,3 times secondary hydraulic cylinders, 4 are that main piston axle, 5 is auxiliary piston on the hydraulic oil, 7,8 times auxiliary pistons, 9 magnetohydrodynamic generation passages, 10 generating working medium, 11 magnets for main piston, 6;
Fig. 2 is magnetohydrodynamic generation access diagram of the present invention, among the figure: 9 magnetohydrodynamic generation passages, 10 generating working medium, 11 magnets, 12 flat poles.
Embodiment
Further specify the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment and accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is liquid magnetofluid electric generator structure schematic diagram of the present invention.Liquid-metal MHD generator is mainly by main hydraulic cylinder 1, main piston 5, and main piston axle 4, upper and lower secondary hydraulic cylinder 2,3, magnet 11, magnetohydrodynamic generation passage 9, pair of plates type electrode 12, generating working medium 10, last auxiliary piston 7, auxiliary piston 8 and hydraulic oil 6 are formed down.Main piston 5 and main piston axle 4 coaxial placing in the main hydraulic cylinder; Last auxiliary piston 7 places in the secondary hydraulic cylinder 2, and following auxiliary piston 8 places down in the secondary hydraulic cylinder 3, and last auxiliary piston 7 and following auxiliary piston 8 are coaxial.One end of upward secondary hydraulic cylinder 2 and following secondary hydraulic cylinder 3 is communicated with main hydraulic cylinder 1 respectively, and the other end of going up secondary hydraulic cylinder 2 and following secondary hydraulic cylinder 3 is communicated with magnetohydrodynamic generation passage 9 respectively; Magnetohydrodynamic generation passage 9 passes the magnetic hole of magnet 11; Pair of plates type electrode 12 is close on the inwall parallel with magnetic direction in the magnetohydrodynamic generation passage 9 symmetrically; Main piston 5 is upper and lower two spaces with main hydraulic cylinder 1; Last auxiliary piston 7 will be gone up secondary hydraulic cylinder 2 and be divided into upper and lower two spaces; Following auxiliary piston 8 will descend secondary hydraulic cylinder 3 to be divided into upper and lower two spaces; The upper space of main hydraulic cylinder 1 is communicated with the upper space 2-1 of last secondary hydraulic cylinder 2, the upper space 2-1 of the upper space of main hydraulic cylinder 1 and last secondary hydraulic cylinder 2 is full of hydraulic oil 6, the lower space of main hydraulic cylinder 1 is communicated with the lower space 3-1 of following secondary hydraulic cylinder 3, and the lower space of main hydraulic cylinder 1 is full of hydraulic oil 6 with the lower space 3-1 of following secondary hydraulic cylinder 3.Be communicated with between last auxiliary piston 7 and the following auxiliary piston 8, the connected space between last auxiliary piston 7 and the following auxiliary piston 8 is full of generating working medium 10; One end and the main piston 5 of main piston axle 4 connect firmly, and the other end of main piston axle 4 stretches out from the upper end of main hydraulic cylinder 1; Generating working medium 10 adopts the low melting point gallium alloy.
Fig. 2 is magnetohydrodynamic generation access diagram of the present invention.Pair of plates type electrode 12 is close on the inwall parallel with magnetic direction in the magnetohydrodynamic generation passage 9 symmetrically.Be full of the low melting point gallium alloy between the described flat pole 12.
When driving main piston 5, external force moves upward, the hydraulic oil 6 in main hydraulic cylinder 1 internal upper part space is pressed into the upper space 2-1 of secondary hydraulic cylinder 2, the hydraulic oil 6 of the upper space 2-1 of secondary hydraulic cylinder 2 is increased gradually, the generating working medium 10 of secondary hydraulic cylinder 2 lower space is gone up in auxiliary piston 7 extruding downwards in the promotion, auxiliary piston 8 moves downward thereby make generating working medium 10 promote down by magnetohydrodynamic generation passage 9 vertically downward with certain speed, and the hydraulic oil 6 of Dui Ying following secondary hydraulic cylinder 3 lower space 3-1 flows into the lower space of main hydraulic cylinder 1 with it.Vice versa.Generating working medium 10 back and forth flows in magnetohydrodynamic generation passage 9, cutting magnetic line constantly, thus produce alternate electric energy, derive by pair of plates type electrode 12.MHD generator duct of the present invention is long to be 120mm, electrode spacing 50mm, and electrode width 5mm, the speed of generating working medium is 15～20m/s, gallium alloy density 6.4g/cm
3, conductivity 3.4 * 10
6S/m, under the condition of magnetic field intensity 1T, power output 6kW.
Claims (4)
1. one kind is the Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator of generating working medium with the low melting point gallium alloy, it is characterized in that: described Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator is mainly by main hydraulic cylinder (1), main piston (5), main piston axle (4), upper and lower secondary hydraulic cylinder (2,3), magnet (11), magnetohydrodynamic generation passage (9), pair of plates type electrode (12), generating working medium (10), upper and lower auxiliary piston (7,8) and hydraulic oil (6) are formed; Described main piston (5) and main piston axle (4) are coaxial to be placed in the main hydraulic cylinder (1); Last auxiliary piston (7) places in the secondary hydraulic cylinder (2), and following auxiliary piston (8) places down in the secondary hydraulic cylinder (3), and last auxiliary piston (7) and following auxiliary piston (8) are coaxial; An end of going up secondary hydraulic cylinder (2) and following secondary hydraulic cylinder (3) is communicated with main hydraulic cylinder (1), and the other end of going up secondary hydraulic cylinder (2) and following secondary hydraulic cylinder (3) is communicated with magnetohydrodynamic generation passage (9); Magnetohydrodynamic generation passage (9) passes the magnetic hole of magnet (11); Pair of plates type electrode (12) symmetry is close on the inwall parallel with magnetic direction in the magnetic fluid passage (9); Main piston (5) is upper and lower two spaces with main hydraulic cylinder (1); Last auxiliary piston (7) will be gone up secondary hydraulic cylinder (2) and be divided into upper and lower two spaces; Following auxiliary piston (8) will descend secondary hydraulic cylinder (3) to be divided into upper and lower two spaces; The upper space of main hydraulic cylinder (1) is communicated with the upper space (2-1) of last secondary hydraulic cylinder (2), the upper space (2-1) of the upper space of main hydraulic cylinder (1) and last secondary hydraulic cylinder (2) is full of hydraulic oil (6), the lower space of main hydraulic cylinder (1) is communicated with the lower space (3-1) of following secondary hydraulic cylinder (3), and the lower space of main hydraulic cylinder (1) is full of hydraulic oil (6) with the lower space (3-1) of following secondary hydraulic cylinder (3); Be communicated with between last auxiliary piston (7) and the following auxiliary piston (8), the connected space between last auxiliary piston (7) and the following auxiliary piston (8) is full of generating working medium (10); One end of main piston axle (4) and main piston (5) connect firmly, and the other end of main piston axle (4) stretches out from the upper end of main hydraulic cylinder (1); Generating working medium (10) adopts the low melting point gallium alloy.
According to claim 1 described a kind of be the Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator of generating working medium with the low melting point gallium alloy, it is characterized in that: the lower end of going up secondary hydraulic cylinder (2) links to each other with the upper end of magnetohydrodynamic generation passage (9), and the inside radius in the cross section of this junction to flat pole (12) upper end of power channel dwindles gradually; The upper end of secondary hydraulic cylinder (3) links to each other with magnetohydrodynamic generation passage (9) lower end down, and the inside radius in the cross section of this junction to flat pole (12) lower end of power channel dwindles gradually.
According to claim 1 described a kind of be the Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator of generating working medium with the low melting point gallium alloy, it is characterized in that: the no coupking shaft of upper and lower auxiliary piston (7,8).
According to claim 1 described a kind of be the Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator of generating working medium with the low melting point gallium alloy, it is characterized in that: the fusing point of gallium alloy is 5 ° of C, and density is 6.4g/cm
3, conductivity is 3.4 * 10
6S/m is liquid under the normal temperature.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310054820.4A CN103199670B (en) | 2013-02-20 | 2013-02-20 | Magnetic fluid electric generator taking low-melting-point gallium alloy as electricity generating working medium |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103441641A (en) * | 2013-09-02 | 2013-12-11 | 董国光 | Detonation wave ejection loop type magnetic fluid power generation system |
| CN105141107A (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2015-12-09 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Annular channel liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic generator |
| CN106357084A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-01-25 | 无锡斯科海洋科技有限公司 | Double-channel liquid metal magnetic fluid power generator |
| ITUA20163366A1 (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2017-10-22 | Giuliano Ribechini | ACTUATOR WORKING ACCORDING TO THE MAGNETO - HYDRO - DYNAMIC MHD PRINCIPLE |
| CN107370335A (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2017-11-21 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of rotary magnetic fluid generator |
| CN110620487A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2019-12-27 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Closed reciprocating drive liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic generator |
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| CN101571097A (en) * | 2009-05-12 | 2009-11-04 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Float suspended liquid metal magnetic fluid wave energy direct generating device |
| CN101651323A (en) * | 2009-06-03 | 2010-02-17 | 东北大学 | Method and device for self-recovery current limiting and circuit breaking by using conductive fluid and magnetic fluid |
| CN101694203A (en) * | 2009-09-29 | 2010-04-14 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Submerged generating device directly utilizing liquid metal magnetic fluid wave energy |
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2013
- 2013-02-20 CN CN201310054820.4A patent/CN103199670B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101571097A (en) * | 2009-05-12 | 2009-11-04 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Float suspended liquid metal magnetic fluid wave energy direct generating device |
| CN101651323A (en) * | 2009-06-03 | 2010-02-17 | 东北大学 | Method and device for self-recovery current limiting and circuit breaking by using conductive fluid and magnetic fluid |
| CN101694203A (en) * | 2009-09-29 | 2010-04-14 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Submerged generating device directly utilizing liquid metal magnetic fluid wave energy |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103441641A (en) * | 2013-09-02 | 2013-12-11 | 董国光 | Detonation wave ejection loop type magnetic fluid power generation system |
| CN105141107A (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2015-12-09 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Annular channel liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic generator |
| ITUA20163366A1 (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2017-10-22 | Giuliano Ribechini | ACTUATOR WORKING ACCORDING TO THE MAGNETO - HYDRO - DYNAMIC MHD PRINCIPLE |
| CN106357084A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-01-25 | 无锡斯科海洋科技有限公司 | Double-channel liquid metal magnetic fluid power generator |
| CN106357084B (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2020-02-14 | 中国科学院电工研究所无锡分所 | Double-channel liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic generator |
| CN107370335A (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2017-11-21 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of rotary magnetic fluid generator |
| CN107370335B (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2019-03-01 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of rotary magnetic fluid generator |
| CN110620487A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2019-12-27 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Closed reciprocating drive liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic generator |
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