CN112187110A - Preparation method of double-drive hydroelectric generator - Google Patents
Preparation method of double-drive hydroelectric generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN112187110A CN112187110A CN202011056888.2A CN202011056888A CN112187110A CN 112187110 A CN112187110 A CN 112187110A CN 202011056888 A CN202011056888 A CN 202011056888A CN 112187110 A CN112187110 A CN 112187110A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N3/00—Generators in which thermal or kinetic energy is converted into electrical energy by ionisation of a fluid and removal of the charge therefrom
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a double-drive hydroelectric generator, wherein an alumina-based hydroelectric generator functional area is constructed by adopting alumina nano particles and alumina nano fibers and is used as a first generator, a silica-based hydroelectric generator functional area is constructed by adopting silica nano particles and silica nano fibers and is used as a second generator, a leading-out electrode at the bottom end of the first generator and a leading-out electrode at the bottom end of the second generator are respectively connected with one end of a main load, and a leading-out electrode at the top end of the first generator and a leading-out electrode at the top end of the second generator are directly connected by a lead. The first engine bottom end and the second engine bottom end of the double-drive hydroelectric generator are charge concentration ends, the positive and negative of the charges are opposite, and a series superposition effect can be formed by adopting a double-drive hydroelectric generator mode, so that the output power is increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of manufacturing of a hydroelectric generator, in particular to a method for manufacturing a double-drive hydroelectric generator.
Background
The hydroelectric generator set has the functions that rivers with potential energy at high positions such as rivers and lakes are conveyed to a low position and pushed to a generator to generate electricity by a water turbine, and the specific process is as follows: under the impact action of water flow, the water turbine starts to rotate, and the potential energy of water is converted into mechanical energy; the water turbine drives the coaxially connected generator to rotate, the rotating rotor drives the excitation magnetic field to rotate under the action of the excitation current, the stator winding of the generator cuts the excitation magnetic lines to generate induced electromotive force, and the rotor can generate an electromagnetic braking torque opposite to the rotation direction of the rotor while outputting electric energy. Because the water current acts on the water turbine uninterruptedly, the rotation torque obtained by the water turbine from the water current is used for overcoming the electromagnetic braking torque generated on the motor rotor, and when the two torques reach balance, the hydroelectric generating set runs at a certain constant rotation speed to stably generate power, thereby realizing energy conversion. Hydroelectric generating set is generally composed of hydraulic turbine, generator, speed regulator, excitation system, cooling system and power station control equipment. The common water turbine has two types of impact type and counterattack type, most of the generators adopt synchronous generators, the rotating speed of the generators is low, generally below 750r/min, the number of magnetic poles is large, and the structural size and the weight are large. The cooling of the small hydroelectric generator mainly adopts air cooling, and a ventilation system is used for cooling the surfaces of a stator, a rotor and an iron core of the generator. However, as the capacity of a single machine increases, the heat load of the stator and the rotor is increased continuously, and in order to increase the output power of the generator per unit volume at a certain rotating speed, the large-capacity hydroelectric generator adopts a mode of directly water-cooling the stator and the rotor windings. The traditional water energy utilization mode is greatly limited by natural conditions and is easily influenced by external factors such as terrain, climate and the like, and the construction and the use of large-scale facilities and equipment easily cause ecological damage and cost improvement.
The nano material has obvious quantum effect and surface effect, can be coupled with water in various forms to output obvious electric signals, for example, graphene can directly convert the energy of dragging and falling water drops into electric energy through the boundary motion of an electric double layer, and can also convert the wave energy of seawater into electric energy. Nano-structured materials such as carbon black can continuously generate electric energy in volt level through natural evaporation of ubiquitous water in atmospheric environment. This phenomenon of direct conversion of water into electrical energy is known as the "hydro-voltaic effect". The hydroelectric effect opens up a brand new direction for capturing the water energy of the earth water circulation in a full-chain manner, and the water energy utilization capacity is improved. The research on the photovoltaic effect is just started, and new materials, new devices and new systems with diversified application environments, high energy conversion efficiency and low power generation cost need to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method of a double-drive hydroelectric generator, which is used for replacing the functions and positions of the traditional hydroelectric generator and providing a new form for water energy application. The energy form that the hydroelectric generator utilized is the gravitational potential energy of traditional water, and the drive power is gravity and capillary force, and the electricity generation principle is the hydroelectric effect, utilizes the directional removal of water to produce the streaming potential, and traditional hydroelectric generator utilizes mechanical energy to drive the cutting of magnetic induction line and produces the electric energy. In addition, the dual-drive hydroelectric generator can be constructed by utilizing the unique polarity difference of the hydroelectric generator.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a double-drive hydroelectric generator comprises the following steps:
(1) putting ethyl cellulose, alumina nano particles and alumina nano fibers into absolute ethyl alcohol, heating and stirring to obtain uniform slurry, putting the slurry into a fixed alumina ceramic model, and arranging and fixing folding electrodes at two ends;
(2) placing the alumina ceramic model filled with the slurry into a muffle furnace, annealing in the air atmosphere, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain an alumina-based hydroelectric generator functional area;
(3) taking out the functional area of the alumina-based hydroelectric generator, coating a sealing layer on the periphery of the functional area except the top end and the bottom end, and tightly connecting the sealing layer with the fixed layer to form a first generator;
(4) placing ethyl cellulose, silicon dioxide nano particles and silicon dioxide nano fibers into absolute ethyl alcohol, heating and stirring to obtain uniform slurry, placing the slurry into a fixed alumina ceramic model, and arranging and fixing folding electrodes at two ends;
(5) placing the alumina ceramic model filled with the slurry into a muffle furnace, annealing in the air atmosphere, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a silicon dioxide-based photovoltaic generator functional area;
(6) taking out the functional area of the silicon dioxide-based photovoltaic generator, coating a sealing layer on the periphery of the functional area except the top end and the bottom end, and tightly connecting the functional area with the fixed layer to form a second generator;
(7) the first engine bottom end extraction electrode and the second engine bottom end extraction electrode are respectively connected with one end of a main load;
(8) the first engine top end extraction electrode and the second engine top end extraction electrode are respectively connected with one end of an auxiliary load or directly connected by a lead.
The mass ratio of the alumina nano particles to the alumina nano fibers in the step (1) is 1: 0.01-1: 100, the mass ratio of the alumina nano particles to the ethyl cellulose is 1: 0.1-1: 20, the mass ratio of the alumina nano particles to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1: 1-1: 200, the average size of the alumina nano particles is 20nm-50 mu m, the diameter of the alumina nano fibers is 10-1000nm, the length of the alumina nano fibers is 10-500 mu m, the heating temperature is 20-80 ℃, the stirring time is 0.5-12h, the alumina ceramic model is cubic, the top end of the alumina ceramic model is open, the folded electrode is a thin film formed by graphite, graphene, carbon nano tubes or conductive carbon fiber materials, the thickness of the thin film is 10nm-1mm, the electrode is folded, the length and the width of the whole electrode correspond to the internal length and the internal width of the alumina ceramic model, the distance between adjacent vertexes of the folding electrode is 1mm-1cm, and the folding electrode is provided with a leading-out end for outputting electric energy.
The annealing temperature in the step (2) is 150-450 ℃, and the annealing time is 30min-24 h.
And (4) in the step (3), the sealing layer adopts silicone sealant or organosilicon adhesive to prevent water molecules from seeping out from the periphery, and the deionized water at the top flows out from the bottom through the alumina-based hydroelectric generator functional area under the action of gravity.
The mass ratio of the silicon dioxide nano particles to the silicon dioxide nano fibers in the step (4) is 1: 0.01-1: 100, the mass ratio of the silicon dioxide nano particles to the ethyl cellulose is 1: 0.1-1: 20, the mass ratio of the silicon dioxide nano particles to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1: 1-1: 200, the average size of the silicon dioxide nano particles is 20nm-50 mu m, the diameter of the silicon dioxide nano fibers is 10-1000nm, the length of the silicon dioxide nano fibers is 10-500 mu m, the heating temperature is 20-80 ℃, the stirring time is 0.5-12h, the aluminum oxide ceramic model is in a cubic shape, the top end of the aluminum oxide ceramic model is open, the folding electrode is a thin film made of graphite, graphene, carbon nano tubes or conductive carbon fiber materials, the thickness of the thin film is 10nm-1mm, the electrode is in a folded shape, and the length and the width of the whole electrode correspond to the internal length and the internal width of, the distance between adjacent vertexes of the folding electrode is 1mm-1cm, and the folding electrode is provided with a leading-out end for outputting electric energy.
The annealing temperature in the step (5) is 150-450 ℃, and the annealing time is 30min-24 h.
And (4) adopting silicone sealant or organic silicon adhesive to prevent water molecules from seeping out from the periphery of the sealing layer in the step (6), and enabling the deionized water at the top to flow out from the bottom through the functional area of the silicon dioxide-based photovoltaic generator under the action of gravity.
And (4) respectively connecting the first engine bottom end extraction electrode and the second engine bottom end extraction electrode in the step (7) with one end of a main load, wherein the reason is that the bottom ends are terminals of water flowing through the generator, are the concentrated places of electric charges and are suitable for being used as main electric energy output ends.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) the hydroelectric generator prepared by the method can generate electric energy by depending on the directional movement of water flow, is used for replacing the functions and positions of the traditional hydroelectric generator, and provides a new form for water energy application.
(2) The reinforced concrete structure of the nano-fiber and the nano-particle enables the mechanical performance of the functional area of the hydroelectric generator to be excellent.
(3) The photovoltaic generator has the water cooling function, and does not need an additional cooling device.
(4) The first engine bottom end and the second engine bottom end of the double-drive hydroelectric generator are charge concentration ends, the positive and negative of the charges are opposite, and a series superposition effect can be formed by adopting a double-drive hydroelectric generator mode, so that the output power is increased.
(5) The method has the advantages of simple preparation process, easily obtained used materials, lower requirements on equipment and easy industrialization.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a double-drive hydroelectric generator, wherein 1 is a first engine top leading-out electrode, 2 is a first engine bottom leading-out electrode, 3 is alumina nanoparticles, 4 is alumina nanofibers, 5 is a waterproof layer, 6 is a fixing layer, 7 is a water inlet, 8 is a water outlet, 9 is a second engine top leading-out electrode, 10 is a second engine bottom leading-out electrode, 11 is silica nanoparticles, 12 is silica nanofibers, 13 is a main load, and 14 is an auxiliary load.
Fig. 2 is a functional schematic diagram of a double-drive photovoltaic generator.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of facilitating an understanding of the present invention, the present invention will now be described by way of examples. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the examples are only for the purpose of facilitating understanding of the present invention and should not be construed as specifically limiting the present invention.
Example 1
(1) Mixing ethyl cellulose, alumina nano-particles, alumina nano-fibers and absolute ethyl alcohol in a mass ratio of 1: 10: 4: 20, heating and stirring at 80 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain uniform slurry, wherein the average size of the alumina nano-particles is 100nm, the diameter of the alumina nano-fibers is 20nm, and the length of the alumina nano-fibers is 20-200 mu m.
(2) The slurry is placed into a cubic alumina ceramic model with an opening at the top end, graphene-based folded electrodes are arranged and fixed at two ends, the thickness of a graphene film is 100nm, the electrodes are folded, the distance between adjacent vertexes of the folded electrodes is 10mm, the length and the width of the whole electrode correspond to the internal length and the internal width of the alumina ceramic model, and the folded electrodes are provided with leading-out ends for outputting electric energy.
(3) And (3) putting the alumina ceramic model filled with the slurry into a muffle furnace, annealing in the air atmosphere at 370 ℃ for 2 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the alumina-based hydroelectric generator functional area.
(4) Taking out the functional area of the alumina-based hydroelectric generator, coating silicone sealant on the periphery of the functional area except the top end and the bottom end to prevent water molecules from seeping out from the periphery, and connecting the functional area tightly with the fixed layer to serve as a first generator.
(5) Mixing ethyl cellulose, silicon dioxide nano-particles, silicon dioxide nano-fibers and absolute ethyl alcohol in a mass ratio of 1: 10: 4: 20, heating and stirring at 80 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain uniform slurry, wherein the average size of the silicon dioxide nano-particles is 100nm, the diameter of the silicon dioxide nano-fibers is 20nm, and the length of the silicon dioxide nano-fibers is 20-200 mu m.
(6) The slurry is placed into a cubic alumina ceramic model with an opening at the top end, graphene-based folded electrodes are arranged and fixed at two ends, the thickness of a graphene film is 100nm, the electrodes are folded, the distance between adjacent vertexes of the folded electrodes is 10mm, the length and the width of the whole electrode correspond to the internal length and the internal width of the alumina ceramic model, and the folded electrodes are provided with leading-out ends for outputting electric energy.
(7) And (3) putting the alumina ceramic model filled with the slurry into a muffle furnace, annealing in the air atmosphere at 370 ℃ for 2 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the silicon dioxide-based photovoltaic generator functional area.
(8) And taking out the functional area of the silicon dioxide-based photovoltaic generator, coating silicone sealant on the periphery of the functional area except the top end and the bottom end to prevent water molecules from seeping out from the periphery, and connecting the functional area tightly with the fixed layer to be used as a second generator.
(9) And the first engine bottom end extraction electrode and the second engine bottom end extraction electrode are respectively connected with one end of a main load.
(10) The first engine top end extraction electrode is directly connected with the second engine top end extraction electrode through a lead.
The applicant states that the present invention is illustrated by the above examples to show the detailed process equipment and process flow of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above detailed process equipment and process flow, i.e. it does not mean that the present invention must rely on the above detailed process equipment and process flow to be implemented. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that any modification of the present invention, equivalent substitutions of the raw materials of the product of the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of a double-drive hydroelectric generator comprises the following steps:
(1) putting ethyl cellulose, alumina nano particles and alumina nano fibers into absolute ethyl alcohol, heating and stirring to obtain uniform slurry, putting the slurry into a fixed alumina ceramic model, and arranging and fixing folding electrodes at two ends;
(2) placing the alumina ceramic model filled with the slurry into a muffle furnace, annealing in the air atmosphere, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain an alumina-based hydroelectric generator functional area;
(3) taking out the functional area of the alumina-based hydroelectric generator, coating a sealing layer on the periphery of the functional area except the top end and the bottom end, and tightly connecting the sealing layer with the fixed layer to form a first generator;
(4) placing ethyl cellulose, silicon dioxide nano particles and silicon dioxide nano fibers into absolute ethyl alcohol, heating and stirring to obtain uniform slurry, placing the slurry into a fixed alumina ceramic model, and arranging and fixing folding electrodes at two ends;
(5) placing the alumina ceramic model filled with the slurry into a muffle furnace, annealing in the air atmosphere, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a silicon dioxide-based photovoltaic generator functional area;
(6) taking out the functional area of the silicon dioxide-based photovoltaic generator, coating a sealing layer on the periphery of the functional area except the top end and the bottom end, and tightly connecting the functional area with the fixed layer to form a second generator;
(7) the first engine bottom end extraction electrode and the second engine bottom end extraction electrode are respectively connected with one end of a main load;
(8) the first engine top end extraction electrode and the second engine top end extraction electrode are respectively connected with one end of an auxiliary load or directly connected by a lead.
2. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the alumina nanoparticles to the alumina nanofibers in step (1) is 1: 0.01-1: 100, the mass ratio of the alumina nanoparticles to the ethyl cellulose is 1: 0.1-1: 20, the mass ratio of the alumina nanoparticles to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1: 1-1: 200, the average size of the alumina nanoparticles is 20nm-50 μm, the diameter of the alumina nanofibers is 10-1000nm, the length of the alumina nanofibers is 10-500 μm, the heating temperature is 20-80 ℃, the stirring time is 0.5-12h, the alumina ceramic model is cubic, the top end is open, the folded electrode is a thin film made of graphite, graphene, carbon nanotubes or conductive carbon fiber materials, the thickness of the thin film is 10nm-1mm, the electrode is folded, the length and the width of the whole electrode correspond to the internal length and the internal width of the alumina ceramic model, the distance between adjacent vertexes of the folding electrode is 1mm-1cm, and the folding electrode is provided with a leading-out end for outputting electric energy.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the annealing temperature in step (2) is 150-450 ℃ and the annealing time is 30min-24 h.
4. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein the sealing layer in the step (3) adopts silicone sealant or silicone adhesive to prevent water molecules from seeping out from the periphery, and the deionized water at the top flows out from the bottom through the alumina-based hydroelectric generator functional area under the action of gravity.
5. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the silica nanoparticles to the silica nanofibers in step (4) is 1: 0.01 to 1: 100, the mass ratio of the silica nanoparticles to the ethyl cellulose is 1: 0.1 to 1: 20, the mass ratio of the silica nanoparticles to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1: 1 to 1: 200, the average size of the silica nanoparticles is 20nm to 50 μm, the diameter of the silica nanofibers is 10nm to 1000nm, the length of the silica nanofibers is 10 to 500 μm, the heating temperature is 20 to 80 ℃, the stirring time is 0.5 to 12h, the alumina ceramic model is cubic, the top end is open, the folded electrode is a thin film made of graphite, graphene, carbon nanotubes or conductive carbon fiber materials, and the thickness of the thin film is 10nm to 1mm, the electrode is folded, the length and the width of the whole electrode correspond to the internal length and the internal width of the alumina ceramic model, the distance between adjacent vertexes of the folded electrode is 1mm-1cm, and the folded electrode is provided with a leading-out end for outputting electric energy.
6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the annealing temperature in step (5) is 150-450 ℃ and the annealing time is 30min-24 h.
7. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the sealing layer in the step (6) adopts silicone sealant or silicone adhesive to prevent water molecules from seeping out from the periphery, and the deionized water at the top flows out from the bottom through the functional area of the silicon dioxide-based photovoltaic generator under the action of gravity.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the first and second engine bottom leading electrodes in step (7) are connected to one end of a main load, respectively, since the bottom end is a terminal end of water flowing through the generator, and is a concentrated ground of electric charge, suitable for a main power output.
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| CN202011056888.2A CN112187110A (en) | 2020-09-27 | 2020-09-27 | Preparation method of double-drive hydroelectric generator |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115473456A (en) * | 2022-09-16 | 2022-12-13 | 湖南大学 | Flowing water energy power generation collection method and device based on metal oxide |
| CN115642834A (en) * | 2022-11-11 | 2023-01-24 | 华南理工大学 | Water evaporation induction power generation material based on carbonized biomass and preparation method thereof |
-
2020
- 2020-09-27 CN CN202011056888.2A patent/CN112187110A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115473456A (en) * | 2022-09-16 | 2022-12-13 | 湖南大学 | Flowing water energy power generation collection method and device based on metal oxide |
| CN115642834A (en) * | 2022-11-11 | 2023-01-24 | 华南理工大学 | Water evaporation induction power generation material based on carbonized biomass and preparation method thereof |
| CN115642834B (en) * | 2022-11-11 | 2023-12-26 | 华南理工大学 | Carbonized biomass-based water evaporation induced power generation material and preparation method thereof |
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