CN202889248U - System for realizing direct thermal power generation by loop-type double-working-medium pulsating heat pipe - Google Patents
System for realizing direct thermal power generation by loop-type double-working-medium pulsating heat pipe Download PDFInfo
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- CN202889248U CN202889248U CN 201220636552 CN201220636552U CN202889248U CN 202889248 U CN202889248 U CN 202889248U CN 201220636552 CN201220636552 CN 201220636552 CN 201220636552 U CN201220636552 U CN 201220636552U CN 202889248 U CN202889248 U CN 202889248U
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- heat
- heat pipe
- working medium
- type double
- pulsating heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
- F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
- F28D15/0266—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with separate evaporating and condensing chambers connected by at least one conduit; Loop-type heat pipes; with multiple or common evaporating or condensing chambers
Abstract
The utility model discloses a system for realizing direct thermal power generation by a loop-type double-working-medium pulsating heat pipe, belonging to the technical field of heat energy-electric energy conversion. The system is a closed system which is composed of a lower evaporation section, a middle thermal insulation and electric insulation section and an upper condensation section of the loop-type double-working-medium pulsating heat pipe; and a high-boiling-point conductive working medium A and a low-boiling-point conductive working medium B are alternatively filled into the pulsating heat pipe after the pulsating heat pipe is vacuumized, the low-boiling-point conductive working medium B absorbs heat of evaporation from a heat-temperature heat source in the evaporation section of the double-working-medium pulsating heat pipe, heat of condensation is released to a low-temperature heat source in the condensation section of the low-boiling-point conductive working medium B, and the movement of the high-boiling-point conductive working medium A in the pulsating heat pipe perpendicularly cuts a magnetic line, thus generating induced electromotive force inside the working medium A and realizing direct conversion between heat energy and electrical energy. The system can be suitable for various temperature difference conditions and has a wide application prospect; and the conversion efficiency and reliability of the system are greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to heat energy-electric energy converting equipment field, particularly relates to a kind of loop type double-work medium pulsating heat pipe that utilizes and realizes the direct heat electricity generation system.
Background technology
Heat energy is ubiquity in nature and human being's production life, and the existence form of occurring in nature heat energy comprises solar energy, geothermal energy etc.; In industrial processes, the processes such as the burning of the fossil energies such as coal, oil, natural gas, nuclear reaction also discharge a large amount of heat.Compare with technology such as hydroelectric power generation, wind power generations, hot generation technology is still occupied an leading position at present in the world, and existing hot generation technology can be divided into indirect thermal generation technology and direct heat power conversion technology.The general character of indirect thermal generation technology is by thermodynamic cycle (such as the steam Rankine cycle), be mechanical power with thermal power transfer at first, by generator mechanical power is converted to electric energy again, mainly comprises thermal power generation, nuclear energy power generation, solar energy thermal-power-generating and industrial afterheat power generation technology etc.; The common feature of direct heat generation technology is for being electric energy with thermal power transfer directly, the centre need not through the conversion of heat energy to mechanical energy, according to the Faradic electricity magnetic induction principle such as magnetohydrodynamic generation, utilize high-temperature electric conduction fluid (at engineering plasma commonly used) to pass through at a high speed magnetic field, fluid cutting magnetic induction line with conduction produces electromotive force, and the thermo-electric converting material generating is to utilize the seebeck effect of metal or semi-conducting material to realize directly thermoelectric conversion.
For the hot generation technology of indirect type, owing to will arrive the conversion that mechanical power arrives electric energy again through heat energy, system's relative complex is not only built and the operation expense height, and is also had energy loss on each unit.Such as state-of-the-art overcritical coal fired power generation technology in the world, because the cold end loss that the steam condensation heat release causes in the condenser is huge, so that its system thermal efficiency also only is about 45%.
Common direct heat generation technology, such as magnetic fluid generating technology, generally more than 2000K, the selection of magnetic field, electrode and insulating material and cooling problem are difficult to solve its working temperature, the particularly existence of Curie point, magnetic field is weakened with the temperature rising even is disappeared; For the technology that adopts the thermo-electric converting material realization direct generation of electricity, because the Seebeck effect of material itself, as long as there is the temperature difference namely can produce electric energy, its system is simple, reliability is high.At present, both at home and abroad the research of thermoelectric material is mainly concentrated on the screening, preparation of novel thermoelectric converting function material to improve the conversion efficiency of thermoelectric aspect, desirable thermoelectric material should have less conductive coefficient and can retention stablize under the larger temperature difference, because the conversion efficiency of existing thermoelectric material only is about 10%, its large-scale promotion application still needs further further investigation.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is that the conversion efficiency of thermoelectric for existing thermoelectric material in the prior art only is about 10%, the deficiency that its large-scale promotion application is restricted proposes a kind of loop type double-work medium pulsating heat pipe that utilizes and realizes the direct heat electricity generation system, it is characterized in that the described loop type double-work medium pulsating heat pipe that utilizes realizes that the direct heat electricity generation system is by bottom evaporation section, middle heat insulation and the electric insulation section of loop type double-work medium pulsating heat pipe, the closed system that the top condensation segment forms; Wherein, the top rail pipeline in double-work medium pulsating heat pipe main body 1 connects vacuum-pumping pipeline 9, liquid conduction working medium A filling line 2 and insulation working medium B filling line 3; Low-temperature heat source 4 is enclosed within the top of double-work medium pulsating heat pipe main body 1, and high temperature heat source 5 is enclosed within the bottom of double-work medium pulsating heat pipe main body 1, and external circuit 7 and electric power storage end or electricity consumption end 8 connect into the loop with intermediate heat insulating segment top electrode a and electrode b; Loop type double-work medium pulsating heat pipe realizes that the direct heat electricity generation system places magnetic field 6.
Be connected vacuum line break valve 10 between described vacuum-pumping pipeline 9 and the top rail pipeline.
Connect separately a liquid conduction working medium A liquid-filling valve 11 and insulation working medium B charging valve 12 on described liquid conduction working medium A filling line 2 and the working medium B filling line 3 that be connected, liquid conduction working medium A liquid-filling valve 11 and insulation working medium B charging valve 12 connect rear and the connection of top rail pipeline.
Described intermediate heat insulating segment adopts the flattened rectangular channel design and is electric insulation.
Arrange respectively electrode a and electrode b on two sidewalls of described flattened rectangular passage, electrode a and electrode b and external circuit 7 and electric power storage end or electricity consumption end 8 are connected, and two other sidewall applies magnetic field.
Described bottom evaporation section is U-shaped pipe, and from the input energy of described high temperature heat source absorbing heat as whole heat generating system, the general employing has the material of high heat conductance to reduce thermal resistance; Middle heat insulate and electric insulation section employing thermal conductivity is little and the material of electric insulation, is used for realizing reducing the purpose of heat loss due to radiation and electric insulation; The top condensation segment is U-shaped pipe, releases to described low-temperature heat source
The beneficial effects of the utility model are that the heat energy-electric energy that can be widely used in the various ways such as industrial exhaust heat, the heat release of higher calorific power equipment, solar energy, geothermal energy is directly changed, and have broad application prospects.Have advantage simple in structure, that reliability is high, the method and system can work under various temperature difference conditions, can be widely used in the fields such as waste heat waste-heat power generation, solar energy thermal-power-generating, geothermal energy generating.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is loop type double-work medium pulsating heat pipe direct heat power generation system structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of loop type double-work medium pulsating heat pipe main body
Fig. 3 is that the working medium phase distributes and the electricity generating principle schematic diagram in the insulating segment
Description of reference numerals: 1, loop type double-work medium pulse heat tube body, 2, liquid conduction working medium A, 3, liquid insulation working medium B, 4, low-temperature heat source (low-temperature receiver), 5, thermal source, 6, permanent magnetic field, 7, external circuit, 8, electric power storage end (or electricity consumption end).9, vacuum-pumping pipeline, 10, the vacuum line break valve, 11, liquid conduction working medium A liquid-filling valve, 12, insulation working medium B liquid-filling valve, 13, middle heat insulation and electric insulation section, 14 electric insulation connectors, electrode a, electrode b.
Embodiment
The utility model provides a kind of loop type double-work medium pulsating heat pipe that utilizes to realize the direct heat electricity generation system, below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the utility model is described in further details.
In Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and loop type double-work medium pulsating heat pipe direct heat power generation system structure schematic diagram shown in Figure 3, the described loop type double-work medium pulsating heat pipe that utilizes realizes that the direct heat electricity generation system is for by bottom evaporation section, middle heat insulation and the electric insulation section of loop type double-work medium pulsating heat pipe, the closed system that the top condensation segment forms; Wherein, the top rail pipeline in double-work medium pulsating heat pipe main body 1 connects vacuum-pumping pipeline 9, liquid mercury container 2 and deionized water container 3; Low-temperature heat source 4 is enclosed within the top of double-work medium pulsating heat pipe main body 1, and high temperature heat source 5 is enclosed within the bottom of double-work medium pulsating heat pipe main body 1, and external circuit 7 and electric power storage end or electricity consumption end 8 connect into the loop with intermediate heat insulating segment top electrode a and electrode b; Loop type double-work medium pulsating heat pipe realizes that the direct heat electricity generation system places magnetic field 6.
Be connected vacuum line break valve 10 between described vacuum-pumping pipeline 9 and the top rail pipeline.
Connect separately a liquid conduction working medium A liquid-filling valve 11 and insulation working medium B charging valve 12 on described liquid conduction working medium A filling line 2 and the working medium B filling line 3 that be connected, liquid conduction working medium A liquid-filling valve 11 and insulation working medium B charging valve 12 connect rear and the connection of top rail pipeline.
Described intermediate heat insulating segment adopts the flattened rectangular channel design and is electric insulation.Arrange respectively electrode a and electrode b on two sidewalls of flattened rectangular passage, electrode a and electrode b and external circuit 7 and electric power storage end or electricity consumption end 8 are connected, and two other sidewall applies magnetic field.
Described bottom evaporation section is U-shaped pipe, and from the input energy of described high temperature heat source absorbing heat as whole heat generating system, the general employing has the material of high heat conductance to reduce thermal resistance; Middle heat insulate and electric insulation section employing thermal conductivity is little and the material of electric insulation, is used for realizing reducing the purpose of heat loss due to radiation and electric insulation; The top condensation segment is U-shaped pipe, and to the heat that described low-temperature heat source delivery system is discharged, the general employing has the material of high heat conductance to reduce thermal resistance.
Utilize loop type double-work medium pulsating heat pipe to realize the electricity-generating method of direct heat electricity generation system, implementation step is:
1) at first closes liquid conduction working medium A liquid-filling valve 11 and insulation working medium B charging valve 12, enclosure space by 9 pairs of pulsating heat pipes of vacuum-pumping pipeline vacuumizes, with get rid of incoagulable gas, be evacuated to vacuum degree reach 100Pa at least after, close vacuum line break valve 10;
2) the then alternately liquid conduction of opening and closing working medium A liquid-filling valve 11 and insulation working medium B charging valve 12 intermittently inject immiscible liquid state conduction working medium A and insulation working medium B in pulsating heat pipe; Liquid conduction working medium A has higher boiling point, and it only produces displacement and does not undergo phase transition in pulsating heat pipe, both can be liquid metal (such as mercury etc.), also can be the solution of other conductions, but not dissolve each other (as shown in Figure 2) with described insulation working medium B.Insulation working medium B has lower boiling point, in the bringing-up section heat absorption evaporation of pulsating heat pipe, in condensation segment heat release condensation, it both can be pure working medium (pure water or deionized water, methyl alcohol, acetone, liquid carbon dioxide etc.), the mixed working fluid (water-ethylene glycol mixed solution) that also can be formed by multiple mutually soluble liquids, but do not dissolve each other (as shown in Figure 2) with described liquid conduction working medium A.Comprise three kinds of phases in the rectangular channel of intermediate heat insulating segment, i.e. liquid phase conducting working medium A, liquid phase insulation working medium B and vapour phase insulation working medium B
Vapour
3) open high temperature heat source 5, at the evaporation section of pulsating heat pipe bottom input heat energy, make insulation working medium B absorbing heat, reach the boiling point of insulation working medium B when its temperature after, pulsating heat pipe begins to start, so that the insulation working medium B of liquid conduction working medium A, liquid phase and vapour phase insulation working medium vapour B
VapourIn the rectangular tube passage of intermediate heat insulating segment 13, be unidirectional or the bidirectional reciprocating motion, the motion vertical of liquid conduction working medium A is cut the magnetic line of force in described magnetic field, according to Faraday's electromagnetic induction law, to between the electrode a on the rectangular channel sidewall and two electrodes of electrode b, produce induced electromotive force (as shown in Figure 3), the loop output that is connected into by external circuit 7 and electric power storage end or electricity consumption end 8 and electrode a and electrode b, thus realized the direct conversion of heat energy to electric energy.The pipe section shape of described bottom evaporation section and top condensation segment can be arbitrary shape.Described pulsating heat pipe main body 1 places between the N utmost point and the S utmost point in described magnetic field 6, as shown in Figure 3, the vertical paper of magnetic direction inwards, deionized water, water vapour 31 and liquid mercury 2 move upward and the magnetic line of force in the described magnetic field 6 of perpendicular cuts jointly in insulating segment 13 rectangular channels, at the liquid mercury 2 inner induced electromotive forces that produce from right to left.It is pointed out that because liquid mercury 2 direction of motion uncertain in passage, its inner induced electromotive force that produces is also uncertain, when liquid mercury 2 moved reciprocatingly, it is inner to produce alternating current that amplitude constantly changes; When liquid mercury 2 is done one-way movement, its inner constantly direct current of variation of amplitude that produces, the motion mode of liquid mercury 2 in passage can be by arranging unidirectional valve or mating to control by pipe resistance at pipeline; Because liquid phase conducting working medium A(liquid mercury) with liquid phase insulation working medium B(deionized water) and vapour phase insulation working medium B
Vapour(water vapour) is spaced apart in passage, and the induced electromotive force that produces between electrode a and the electrode b also has intermittence.In addition, owing to comprise many passages arranged side by side in the insulating segment 13 of pulsating heat pipe main body 1, the induced electromotive force that different passages produce can carry out parallel connection or connect to obtain larger induced current or induced electromotive force; When considering that scale is used, single pulsating heat pipe main body 1 can be considered a direct heat generator unit, can obtain scale by the in parallel or series connection of a plurality of generator units and use required large electric current or high voltage.
Claims (6)
1. one kind is utilized loop type double-work medium pulsating heat pipe to realize the direct heat electricity generation system, it is characterized in that the described loop type double-work medium pulsating heat pipe that utilizes realizes that the direct heat electricity generation system is by bottom evaporation section, middle heat insulation and the electric insulation section of loop type double-work medium pulsating heat pipe, the closed system that the top condensation segment forms; Wherein, the top rail pipeline in double-work medium pulsating heat pipe main body (1) connects vacuum-pumping pipeline (9), liquid conduction working medium A filling line (2) and insulation working medium B filling line (3); Low-temperature heat source (4) is enclosed within the top of double-work medium pulsating heat pipe main body (1), high temperature heat source (5) is enclosed within the bottom of double-work medium pulsating heat pipe main body (1), and external circuit (7) and electric power storage end or electricity consumption end (8) connect into the loop with intermediate heat insulating segment top electrode (a) and electrode (b); Loop type double-work medium pulsating heat pipe realizes that the direct heat electricity generation system places magnetic field (6).
2. the described loop type double-work medium pulsating heat pipe that utilizes is realized the direct heat electricity generation system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, is connected vacuum line break valve (10) between described vacuum-pumping pipeline (9) and the top rail pipeline.
3. the described loop type double-work medium pulsating heat pipe that utilizes is realized the direct heat electricity generation system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, connect separately a liquid conduction working medium A liquid-filling valve (11) and insulation working medium B charging valve (12) on described liquid conduction working medium A filling line (2) and the working medium B filling line (3) that be connected, liquid conduction working medium A liquid-filling valve (11) and the working medium B charging valve (12) that insulate connect rear and the connection of top rail pipeline.
4. the described loop type double-work medium pulsating heat pipe that utilizes is realized the direct heat electricity generation system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described intermediate heat insulating segment adopts the flattened rectangular channel design and is electric insulation.
5. the described loop type double-work medium pulsating heat pipe that utilizes is realized the direct heat electricity generation system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, arrange respectively electrode (a) and electrode (b) on two sidewalls of described flattened rectangular passage, electrode (a) is connected b with electrode) be connected with external circuit (7) and electric power storage end or electricity consumption end (8), two other sidewall applies magnetic field.
6. the described loop type double-work medium pulsating heat pipe that utilizes is realized the direct heat electricity generation system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described bottom evaporation section is U-shaped pipe, from the input energy of described high temperature heat source absorbing heat as whole heat generating system, the general employing has the material of high heat conductance to reduce thermal resistance; Middle heat insulate and electric insulation section employing thermal conductivity is little and the material of electric insulation, is used for realizing reducing the purpose of heat loss due to radiation and electric insulation; The top condensation segment is U-shaped pipe, and to the heat that described low-temperature heat source delivery system is discharged, the general employing has the material of high heat conductance to reduce thermal resistance.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220636552 CN202889248U (en) | 2012-11-27 | 2012-11-27 | System for realizing direct thermal power generation by loop-type double-working-medium pulsating heat pipe |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201220636552 CN202889248U (en) | 2012-11-27 | 2012-11-27 | System for realizing direct thermal power generation by loop-type double-working-medium pulsating heat pipe |
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| CN202889248U true CN202889248U (en) | 2013-04-17 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103001533A (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2013-03-27 | 华北电力大学 | Method and system for utilizing loop type double working medium pulsating heat pipe to realize direct thermal power generation |
| CN105370352A (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2016-03-02 | 南京工业大学 | Vehicle-mounted pulsating heat pipe thermoelectric conversion system applied to automobile exhaust waste heat recovery and utilization |
| US9651032B2 (en) | 2014-12-09 | 2017-05-16 | General Electric Company | Submersible power generators and method of operating thereof |
-
2012
- 2012-11-27 CN CN 201220636552 patent/CN202889248U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103001533A (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2013-03-27 | 华北电力大学 | Method and system for utilizing loop type double working medium pulsating heat pipe to realize direct thermal power generation |
| US9651032B2 (en) | 2014-12-09 | 2017-05-16 | General Electric Company | Submersible power generators and method of operating thereof |
| CN105370352A (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2016-03-02 | 南京工业大学 | Vehicle-mounted pulsating heat pipe thermoelectric conversion system applied to automobile exhaust waste heat recovery and utilization |
| CN105370352B (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2018-07-10 | 南京工业大学 | A kind of vehicle-mounted pulsating heat pipe thermoelectric conversion system recycled applied to residual heat of tail gas of automobile |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
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| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20130417 Termination date: 20131127 |