CN106685180B - It is a kind of using high speed liquid metal as the PULSED MHD GENERATOR of generating working medium - Google Patents
It is a kind of using high speed liquid metal as the PULSED MHD GENERATOR of generating working medium Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106685180B CN106685180B CN201710001595.6A CN201710001595A CN106685180B CN 106685180 B CN106685180 B CN 106685180B CN 201710001595 A CN201710001595 A CN 201710001595A CN 106685180 B CN106685180 B CN 106685180B
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- China
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- embedded
- working medium
- channel
- magnetohydrodynamic
- generator
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- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011553 magnetic fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- BGPVFRJUHWVFKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N1=C2C=CC=CC2=[N+]([O-])C1(CC1)CCC21N=C1C=CC=CC1=[N+]2[O-] Chemical compound N1=C2C=CC=CC2=[N+]([O-])C1(CC1)CCC21N=C1C=CC=CC1=[N+]2[O-] BGPVFRJUHWVFKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000233855 Orchidaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K44/00—Machines in which the dynamo-electric interaction between a plasma or flow of conductive liquid or of fluid-borne conductive or magnetic particles and a coil system or magnetic field converts energy of mass flow into electrical energy or vice versa
- H02K44/08—Magnetohydrodynamic [MHD] generators
- H02K44/10—Constructional details of electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K44/00—Machines in which the dynamo-electric interaction between a plasma or flow of conductive liquid or of fluid-borne conductive or magnetic particles and a coil system or magnetic field converts energy of mass flow into electrical energy or vice versa
- H02K44/08—Magnetohydrodynamic [MHD] generators
- H02K44/12—Constructional details of fluid channels
- H02K44/14—Circular or screw-shaped channels
Abstract
It is a kind of using high speed liquid metal as the PULSED MHD GENERATOR of generating working medium, magnetohydrodynamic generator channel (1) pass through toroidal magnet (5) bore.A pair of embedded electrode (3) is coaxially tightly embedded on the conduit wall parallel with magnetic direction of magnetohydrodynamic generator channel (1), and the electrode column (3-1) of embedded electrode (3) stretches out toroidal magnet (5).Generating working medium (6) is tapered copper foil, is close to magnetohydrodynamic generator channel trumpet-shaped inlet (1) inner wall.Embedded hollow out insulating layer (2) is coaxially tightly embedded on the conduit wall parallel with magnetic direction of magnetohydrodynamic generator channel (1)；Insulating sleeve (4) coaxial package is in the gap between magnetohydrodynamic generator channel (1) and toroidal magnet (5).Flange (1-1) is housed at magnetohydrodynamic generator feeder connection, flange (1-1) is connected with external driver device.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of using high speed liquid metal as the PULSED MHD GENERATOR of generating working medium.
Background technique
Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator is a kind of new-generation mode to begin one's study nineteen fifties, principle and common
Generator principle is identical, is all that motion conduct cutting magnetic line generates induced electromotive force and induced current.
There are mainly two types of form, high temperature plasma gas Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator and liquid metal magnetohydrodynamics for Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator
Generator (Liquid metal MHD abbreviation LMMHD).
High temperature plasma gas Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator with petroleum, coal, natural gas etc. for heat source, by the conduction of thermal ionization
Gas generates electricity as working medium, and since its heat source temperature is usually in 3000K or so, the generating efficiency of it and Steam Combined Cycle can
Up to 50%~60%.
Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator system complex disclosed in U.S. US2016172954A1, including Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator, combustion chamber,
Gas turbine and cooling system etc., have also been lost big energy during generating plasma, hot fluid circulation system and
The auxiliary systems such as separator increase the loss of entire electricity generation system, keep system cost high, and structure is complicated, and can not
For generating the pulse electric energy (s grades, ms grades of μ) of high power (MW grades, GW grades).In addition, in high-temperature plasma magnetohydrodynamic generator
In machine system, the conductivity of generating working medium is much smaller than the conductivity (10 of metallics6S/m grades), leverage power density
And efficiency.So the power density of high temperature plasma gas Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator is relatively low, cost is high, in mobility and portability
Aspect is lacked competitiveness.
United States Patent (USP) 5473205 proposes a kind of reciprocating liquid metal that can change discharge capacity according to power of vehicle requirement
Magnetic fluid automobile engine has started the research of reciprocating LMMHD generator.LMMHD generator is directly driven using external force
Single-phase liquid metal flows in the power channel for passing through magnet working gas gap, and cutting magnetic line produces electricl energy.Due to using
Directly drive with single-phase liquid metal generating working medium, compare high-temperature gas working medium, the structure of LMMHD generator is simple, conductivity
High, the advantages that specific heat is big, heat source temperature is of less demanding.Becoming discharge capacity automobile engine, distributed power supply system, ocean wave energy
The fields such as power generation have broad application prospects.
Chinese CN103199670B discloses a kind of liquid-metal MHD generator, is mainly pushed by hydraulic system
Liquid metal flows cutting magnetic line produces electricl energy, but its electric generator structure is reciprocating hydraulic loop structure, and external force pushes institute
The liquid metal speed that can be generated is much smaller than km/s grade, the electric energy that can be generated much smaller than MW grades, and its use it is hydraulic past
Complex system and slower speed make it that can not generate pulse electric energy.Meanwhile channel design is rectangle, is not had between channel and electrode
Have insulating layer, illustrate channel material be it is nonmetallic, channel bearing capacity be much smaller than circular metal channel.
So LMMHD generator has the problems such as liquid metal high-speed driving and portability, and LMMHD power generation equipment
There is the shortcomings that low-voltage (about 1V grades), high current (kA grades), liquid metal conductivity is high, but liquid metal speed is low, electricity of inducting
Kinetic potential is low, and power quality is very low, and practical application is more difficult.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is overcoming the prior art, propose a kind of using km/s grades of high speed liquid metals as power generation
The PULSED MHD GENERATOR of working medium.
The present invention is mainly embedded by magnetohydrodynamic generator channel, toroidal magnet, a pair of embedded electrode, generating working medium, a pair
Formula insulating layer and insulating sleeve composition.Magnetohydrodynamic generator channel is that feeder connection is horn mouth, and connection etc. is gradually reduced in horn mouth
For the round tube of diameter to channel outlet, magnetohydrodynamic generator channel material is stainless steel.Embedded electrode is coaxially tightly embedded in magnetic fluid
On the power channel conduit wall parallel with magnetic direction, the electrode column of embedded electrode stretches out toroidal magnet, in magnetohydrodynamic generator
The outlet end in channel, for drawing electric energy.Embedded hollow out insulating layer is coaxially tightly embedded in magnetohydrodynamic generator channel and magnetic field side
To on parallel conduit wall, embedded hollow out insulating layer plays electrical between a pair of embedded electrode and magnetohydrodynamic generator channel
Insulation and sealing function.Toroidal magnet is wrapped in the periphery in magnetohydrodynamic generator channel, and magnetohydrodynamic generator channel passes through toroidal magnet
Bore.Insulation sleeve pipe sleeve between magnetohydrodynamic generator channel and toroidal magnet, insulating sleeve play a pair of embedded electrode and
Electric insulation effect between magnetohydrodynamic generator channel and toroidal magnet.Generating working medium is that special-shaped processing is in tapered sheet metal,
In feeder connection flange, it is close to magnetohydrodynamic generator channel trumpet-shaped inlet inner wall.Method is housed at magnetohydrodynamic generator feeder connection
Orchid, the flange are connected with external driver device, such as powder chamber or drive chamber.Toroidal magnet is dipolar, generates and generates electricity
The perpendicular magnetic field in Working fluid flow direction.Generating working medium uses red copper, is solid-state under room temperature, conductivity is 5.7 under molten state
×107S/m, chemical stability is good, and fusing point is lower, easily forms liquid metal jet at high temperature under high pressure.
The embedded electrode of a pair is embedded on embedded hollow out insulating layer, and Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator can be used not
Become rusty steel, and embedded hollow out insulating layer plays the electric insulation and channel sealing function of embedded electrode and stainless steel, to improve
Channel bearing capacity.It is in tapered copper foil that generating working medium, which uses abnormal shape processing, simultaneously, and with a thickness of 3mm, copper is easy after heated
High ductibility is melted and has, taper copper foil, which easily melts, at high temperature under high pressure forms high-velocity wire jet stream, generates electricity.So
Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator of the invention uses metal passage, and the metal of high conductivity is as generating working medium, conductivity under molten state
It is 107S/m grades, under external driver device driving, such as explosive, generating working medium speed is up to km/s grades, by power channel
Length and the speed of generating working medium matched, the novel Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator output voltage is high, is much larger than 1V grades, output work
Rate is up to MW grades or GW grades, and output pulse width is up to s grades or ms grades of μ.Solves the function of high temperature plasma gas Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) generator
Rate density is relatively low, system structure is complicated, cost is high and is difficult to the disadvantages of generating pulse electric energy.Meanwhile solving liquid metal magnetic
Fluid generator is not available metal passage, liquid metal high-speed driving, output power is low, voltage is low (about 1V grades), electric energy
Quality is low and is difficult to the shortcomings that generating pulse electric energy.Therefore the output power density of PULSED MHD GENERATOR of the invention it is big,
Power quality is high, pulse is wide, simple and compact for structure, small volume, can be used as the pulse power electricity of electromagnetic launch and electromagnetic propulsion
Source uses.
Working principle and the course of work of the present invention are as follows:
When external driver device heat melts be located at magnetohydrodynamic generator feeder connection end generating working medium formed liquid metal,
And liquid metal is driven to form high-speed jet, so that generating working medium high speed be made to pass through magnetohydrodynamic generator channel, generating working medium is having
The magnetohydrodynamic generator channel internal cutting magnetic line of force in magnetic field passes through a pair of embedded electrode to generate high power pulse electric energy
Electrode column export, generating working medium are sprayed in magnetohydrodynamic generator channel outlet.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is liquid metal PULSED MHD GENERATOR structural schematic diagram of the present invention, in figure: 1 magnetohydrodynamic generator channel, 1-
1 magnetohydrodynamic generator feeder connection flange, 2 embedded hollow out insulating layers, 3 a pair of embedded electrodes, 3-1 electrode column, 4 insulation sleeves
Pipe, 5 toroidal magnets, 6 generating working mediums；
Fig. 2 is liquid metal PULSED MHD GENERATOR of the present invention channel figure, in figure: 1 magnetohydrodynamic generator channel, 2 embed
Formula hollow out insulating layer, 3 a pair of embedded electrodes, 4 insulating sleeves, 5 toroidal magnets.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is liquid metal PULSED MHD GENERATOR structural schematic diagram of the present invention.As shown in Figure 1, liquid-metal MHD
Body generator is mainly by magnetohydrodynamic generator channel 1, toroidal magnet 5, a pair of embedded electrode 3, generating working medium 6, embedded hollow out
Insulating layer 2 and insulating sleeve 4 form.Flange 1-1 is housed, flange 1-1 and external drive fill at magnetohydrodynamic generator feeder connection
It sets and is connected；Generating working medium 6 uses tapered copper foil, is close to 1 inner wall of magnetohydrodynamic generator channel trumpet-shaped inlet；Embedded hollow out
Insulating layer 2 and a pair of embedded electrode 3 are coaxially embedded on the conduit wall parallel with magnetic direction of magnetohydrodynamic generator channel 1, and one
Embedded electrode is embedded on embedded hollow out insulating layer；Toroidal magnet 5 is wrapped in the periphery in magnetohydrodynamic generator channel 1, magnetic
Fluid power-generation channel 1 passes through the bore of toroidal magnet 5；4 sets of insulating sleeve between magnetohydrodynamic generator channel 1 and toroidal magnet 5
Gap in；The electrode column 3-1 of a pair of embedded electrode 3 stretches out toroidal magnet 5.
Fig. 2 show liquid metal PULSED MHD GENERATOR of the present invention channel.In embedded hollow out insulating layer 2 and one pair
Embedded electrode 3 is coaxially tightly embedded on the conduit wall parallel with magnetic direction of magnetohydrodynamic generator channel 1；4 sets of insulating sleeve in magnetic
In gap between fluid power-generation channel 1 and toroidal magnet 5.
When external driver device heat melts be located at 1 entrance of magnetohydrodynamic generator channel generating working medium 6 formed liquid metal,
And liquid metal is driven to form high-speed jet, to make 6 high speed of generating working medium by magnetohydrodynamic generator channel 1, generating working medium 6 exists
Toroidal magnet 5 generates the 1 internal cutting magnetic line of force of magnetohydrodynamic generator channel in magnetic field, so that high-power electric energy is generated, by one pair
The electrode column 3-1 of embedded electrode 3 is exported, and generating working medium 6 is sprayed in 1 outlet end of magnetohydrodynamic generator channel.
The a length of 300mm in liquid metal PULSED MHD GENERATOR of the present invention channel, magnetohydrodynamic generator channel internal diameter 25mm, it is interior
Embedding electrode length is 150mm, and the speed of generating working medium is 5000m/s, and generating working medium is red copper, and conductivity is under molten state
5.7×107Under conditions of S/m, magnetic field strength 1T, output power is about MW grades, and output pulse width is about 30 μ s.
Claims (3)
1. it is a kind of using high speed liquid metal as the PULSED MHD GENERATOR of generating working medium, including magnetohydrodynamic generator channel (1), ring
Shape magnet (5), electrode and generating working medium；Toroidal magnet (5) is wrapped in the periphery of magnetohydrodynamic generator channel (1), magnetohydrodynamic generator
Channel (1) passes through the bore of toroidal magnet (5), it is characterised in that: the electrode is a pair of embedded electrode (3), embedded
Electrode (3) is coaxially tightly embedded on the conduit wall parallel with magnetic direction of magnetohydrodynamic generator channel (1), embedded electrode (3)
Electrode column (3-1) stretches out toroidal magnet (5)；Generating working medium (6) be tapered copper foil, be close to magnetohydrodynamic generator channel it is horn-like enter
Mouth (1) inner wall；Embedded hollow out insulating layer (2) coaxially be tightly embedded in magnetohydrodynamic generator channel (1) it is parallel with magnetic direction lead to
On road wall；Insulating sleeve (4) coaxial package is in the gap between magnetohydrodynamic generator channel (1) and toroidal magnet (5)；Magnetic fluid
Power channel inlet is equipped with flange (1-1), and flange (1-1) is connected with external driver device；Generating working medium (6) is using purple
Copper, with a thickness of 3mm, conductivity is 5.7 × 10 under molten state7S/m, speed are km/s grades.
2. it is described in accordance with the claim 1 a kind of using high speed liquid metal as the PULSED MHD GENERATOR of generating working medium, it is special
Sign is: the embedded electrode (3) of a pair is embedded on embedded hollow out insulating layer (2).
3. it is described in accordance with the claim 1 a kind of using high speed liquid metal as the PULSED MHD GENERATOR of generating working medium, it is special
Sign is: power channel material is stainless steel.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710001595.6A CN106685180B (en) | 2017-01-03 | 2017-01-03 | It is a kind of using high speed liquid metal as the PULSED MHD GENERATOR of generating working medium |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710001595.6A CN106685180B (en) | 2017-01-03 | 2017-01-03 | It is a kind of using high speed liquid metal as the PULSED MHD GENERATOR of generating working medium |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106685180A CN106685180A (en) | 2017-05-17 |
| CN106685180B true CN106685180B (en) | 2019-05-03 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710001595.6A Expired - Fee Related CN106685180B (en) | 2017-01-03 | 2017-01-03 | It is a kind of using high speed liquid metal as the PULSED MHD GENERATOR of generating working medium |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112217371A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2021-01-12 | 袁昭 | Sectional type water-based magnetofluid pulsating heat pipe temperature difference power generation device |
| CN112951464B (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2024-04-05 | 南京航空航天大学 | Space nuclear power system adopting liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic power generation heat exchanger and power generation method |
| CN113531102B (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2023-07-04 | 盐城工学院 | CST liquid metal circulation loop system with cooling and power generation functions |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08116660A (en) * | 1994-10-13 | 1996-05-07 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Wall of working gas channel for icd generator |
| CN102118098A (en) * | 2010-01-04 | 2011-07-06 | 李元亚 | Ring-type liquid metal magnetic fluid generating device |
| CN105141107A (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2015-12-09 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Annular channel liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic generator |
-
2017
- 2017-01-03 CN CN201710001595.6A patent/CN106685180B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08116660A (en) * | 1994-10-13 | 1996-05-07 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Wall of working gas channel for icd generator |
| CN102118098A (en) * | 2010-01-04 | 2011-07-06 | 李元亚 | Ring-type liquid metal magnetic fluid generating device |
| CN105141107A (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2015-12-09 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Annular channel liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic generator |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN106685180A (en) | 2017-05-17 |
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