CN103196494A - Embedded type self-powered wireless sensing system for highway health monitoring - Google Patents
Embedded type self-powered wireless sensing system for highway health monitoring Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an embedded type self-powered wireless sensing system for highway health monitoring. The embedded type self-powered wireless sensing system comprises an upper computer and a lower computer, wherein the upper computer comprises a wireless data transfer radio station module, a visual interface, a computer and a data base, and the lower computer comprises a host machine and a slave machine. A control instruction sent by the upper machine is transmitted to the host machine, the host machine receives the instruction sent by the upper machine, analyzes the instruction and then sends the instruction to the slave machine, the slave machine executes a corresponding instruction and sends acquired data information to the host machine, and the host machine sends received data to the upper machine to finish transmission and execution of the instruction for one time. The embedded type self-powered wireless sensing system for the highway health monitoring has the advantages of being strong in adaptive capacity, high in reliability, strong in instantaneity, humanized in operation interface and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the wireless sensor technology field, be specifically related to a kind of embedded self-powered sensor-based system for the highway health monitoring.
Background technology
Communications and transportation is the basis that modern economy society relies and runs and develops, and is the economic lifeline of country, and highway then is the important carrier of communications and transportation.Yet, passing along with the highway service time, the influence of unfavorable factors such as constantly increase of the volume of traffic, environmental change, fatigue effect and material aging, highway structure face problems such as load-bearing capacity descends, drag decay, damage accumulation, permanance reduction inevitably.If can know the highway health information in advance, and in time carry out suitable adjustment, maintenance, repair, prevent trouble before it happens, just the operation security of entail dangers to highway is not avoided great economic loss.Therefore, how to monitor roadbed inner structure situation, the automatic collection that realizes Monitoring Data and real-time monitoring steadily in the long term; How rationally to utilize Monitoring Data to carry out the comprehensive assessment of highway structural health and safe condition, become the focus of expressway construction engineering circle research.
Traditionally, the structure monitoring of highway is by regular manual detection, obtains the information of highway key position by means of portable instrument, thereby carries out Gernral Check-up.But the manual detection method has bigger limitation in actual applications, needs a large amount of man power and materials, and can only carry out the inspection of highway presentation and monitoring, can not obtain the inside configuration characteristic information.Along with the development of monitoring technology, wired sensor monitoring technology once once had been applied in highway health monitoring aspect.This technological means data transmission efficiency height, accurate and technology maturation, but in the highway structure monitoring, number of sensors is many, and it is big to lay the wire cable workload, the on-the-spot test inefficiency.
Along with the fast development of wireless sensor technology, people begin one's study and pay close attention to the highway health monitoring systems that transmits based on wireless data.At present, be used for the development of the wireless harmless real-time monitoring system of highway and develop still being in the starting stage in China.Although begun to adopt the wireless radiofrequency data acquisition system (DAS) in external highway, the bridge structure monitoring, in the existing application example, sensor mostly is the outside that is installed on test structure, can't directly monitor the road structure internal information.The monitoring of road structure internal information needs embedded type sensor system and stable power supply and communicates by letter.At present, the rf data link adopts powered battery mostly, needs periodic replacement, if it is embedded highway subgrade inside then be unfavorable for system's long-term stable operation.Therefore, in the prior art, the self-powered module adopt broad band low frequency piezoelectricity and the compound multi-modal vibration energy collector of magnetoelectricity (Chinese patent application number is: 201210405416.2), for each sensor provides electric energy.In addition, in order to make sensor embed the transmission that to satisfy radiofrequency signal in complexity, the changeable environment behind the roadbed inside, radio frequency transceiving module adopts master-slave mode adjustable power technology based on ATA5824, and (Chinese patent application number is: 201210407436.3), realize that the radio signal transmission distance is adjustable; Embedded-type sensor system in package method and apparatus with self-correcting function is adopted in existing encapsulation, and (Chinese patent application number is: technology realizes 201310058553.8).
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to a difficult problem that needs to be resolved hurrily in the wireless Non-Destructive Testing of present highway, a kind of embedded self-power wireless sensor-based system of dynamic, real-time highway health monitoring is provided, can monitors humiture, pressure, tension force and the acceleration information of express highway roadbed inside for a long time in real time.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is:
Be used for the embedded self-power wireless sensor-based system of highway health monitoring, this system comprises host computer and slave computer two parts, and host computer comprises C wireless digital broadcasting station module, visualization interface, computing machine and database, and slave computer comprises main frame and slave; Described main frame comprises B single-chip microcomputer, B radio frequency transceiving module, B wireless digital broadcasting station module and B real-time clock storer, and described slave comprises sensor assembly, A single-chip microcomputer, A radio frequency transceiving module, self-powered module and A real-time clock storer; It is characterized in that:
Described slave is divided into some from unit, each comprises some slaves from unit, each is connected with a main frame from unit, the B radio frequency transceiving module wireless interaction data of the A radio frequency transceiving module of each slave and a main frame, each main frame is by the C wireless digital broadcasting station module wireless interaction data of its B wireless digital broadcasting station module and host computer; The steering order that host computer sends sends main frame to, main frame sends to slave by the B radio frequency transceiving module with instruction after receiving the order that host computer sends and carrying out instruction analysis, slave is carried out corresponding order, and the data message of gathering sent to main frame by the A radio frequency transceiving module, main frame sends to host computer by B wireless digital broadcasting station module with the data that receive, and finishes transmission and the execution of a subcommand;
Described each slave mixes with the construction material of highway when building highway, be embedded in the important highway section of each transport hub in the highway randomly, slave is used for gathering in real time pitch, soil, humiture in the high speed highway subgrade structures such as concrete, pressure, the change information of the acceleration that tension force and road vibration produce, and leave in the A real-time clock storer after the data process A single-chip microcomputer processing with each sensor output, also store this expressway construction in the A real-time clock storer simultaneously, essential informations such as historical maintenance send to main frame by the A radio frequency transceiving module then;
Described main frame is laid in each highway section of highway, and each main frame and corresponding distance between unit satisfy the requirement of less radio-frequency coverage distance, and B real-time clock storer provides clock information for the B single-chip microcomputer, and the data message that sends of storage slave;
Described slave A single-chip microcomputer at first carries out initialization to slave hardware, enters listening state then, and when slave receives the order that main frame sends, the A single-chip microcomputer carries out the instruction type analysis, carries out corresponding function then;
Described B single-chip microcomputer at first carries out initialization to host hardware, enters listening state then, and when main frame receives the instruction that host computer issues, the B single-chip microcomputer carries out the instruction type analysis, carries out corresponding function then;
In the described host computer, C wireless digital broadcasting station module links to each other with computing machine, visualization interface and database are installed in the computing machine, and host computer deposits the data message that B wireless digital broadcasting station module sends in database, and realize functions such as data show, call, inquiry by visualization interface.
The data that B wireless digital broadcasting station module collects slave are converted to the IP data, transfer to host computer by cordless communication network, realize the data information transfer between main frame and the host computer.
Sensor assembly adopts the multiple sensor integrated technology that temperature, humidity sensor, pressure transducer, tension pick-up, acceleration transducer and control circuit is integrated.
The significant beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) adaptive faculty of native system is strong.Slave is embedded in the highway, in view of express highway roadbed inner particular surroundings, selects heat resistance good in the control circuit, and stability is high, each components and parts that antijamming capability is strong; Adopt filtering circuit in the hardware circuit design, eliminate and disturb, so the adaptive faculty of system is strong.
(2) the native system reliability is higher.Host computer carries out the free of discontinuities monitoring to each main frame, if main frame receives certain abnormal data information of layouting, then host computer can obtain corresponding data immediately.In addition, because it is more to layout, and be separate configurations, the situation of abnormal work takes place if layout individually, can not influence the monitoring of other work of layouting and whole piece highway, so its reliability is higher.
(3) native system is real-time.Message exchange between native system host computer and the main frame realizes with the DTU communication mode, carries out data transmission with the wireless radiofrequency communication mode between main frame and the slave.When system needs image data, given an order by host computer, main frame is after the request of receiving host computer, after the data process rough handling of slave to on-the-spot humiture, pressure, tension force, acceleration transducer collection, data are sent to main frame, therefore, the total system propagation delay time is little, and is real-time.
(4) native system has more humane operation interface.Adopt KingView visualization interface easy operating, be convenient to management.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is principle of work synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is schematic network structure of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing technical scheme of the present invention is elaborated:
The present invention is used for the embedded self-power wireless sensor-based system of highway health monitoring, can measure express highway roadbed interior humiture, vehicle-mounted pressure, tension force when the road surface, and highway suffer the bump, when vehicle passes through, owing to vibration causes the variation of road surface acceleration, thereby monitor the health status of highway.
As shown in Figure 1, the embedded self-power wireless sensor-based system that is used for the highway health monitoring comprises host computer and slave computer two parts, and slave computer comprises slave and main frame:
(1) slave: comprise sensor assembly, A single-chip microcomputer, A radio frequency transceiving module, self-powered module and A real-time clock storer, wherein, sensor assembly comprises temperature, humidity sensor, pressure transducer, tension pick-up, acceleration transducer and control circuit, realizes the real-time monitoring to environmental informations such as pressure, tension force, humiture and acceleration in the road structure.In the slave, the A single-chip microcomputer is finished the control of data transmission procedure between collection to sensor data information, the host and slave processors and the control of host-host protocol.The employing wireless radio-frequency is finished the data transmission between slave and main frame, utilize the self-powered technology that the road vibration energy conversion is become electric energy, thereby for slave provides electric energy, the real-time clock storer provides clock information for single-chip microcomputer, and the storage single-chip data.
Each slave mixes with the construction material of highway when building highway, be embedded in the important highway section of each transport hub in the highway randomly, slave is used for gathering in real time pitch, soil, humiture in the high speed highway subgrade structures such as concrete, pressure, the change information of the acceleration that tension force and road vibration produce, and leave in the A real-time clock storer after the data process A single-chip microcomputer processing with each sensor output, also store this expressway construction in the A real-time clock storer simultaneously, essential informations such as historical maintenance send to main frame by the A radio frequency transceiving module then.
Mainly select for use chip that Temperature Humidity Sensor SHT75, foil gauge NPI19A-701GH, tension pick-up SDG-7/1000-LY11, acceleration transducer BMA150, radio-frequency (RF) transceiver ATA5824, single-chip microcomputer C8051F530IT, clock storer FM3130 etc. are arranged in the slave.Each sensor accuracy is highly sensitive, and adaptability sturdy and durable, steady in a long-term, rugged surroundings is strong, has guaranteed the high precision of data acquisition.The data message of each sensor collection is stored in earlier among the FM3130, and additional period information sends to main frame by radio-frequency (RF) transceiver ATA5823 together then.
The A radio frequency transceiving module adopts the master-slave mode adjustable power radio-frequency module based on ATA5824, comprises ATA5824 peripheral circuit part, power-adjustable power amplifier part and antenna part.This radio-frequency module can be regulated emissive power by signal feedback intelligence, reduces the energy consumption in the radio frequency transmission, realizes that the radio signal transmission distance is adjustable, satisfies the transmission of radiofrequency signal in complexity, the changeable environment.
(2) main frame: formed by B single-chip microcomputer, B radio frequency transceiving module, B wireless digital broadcasting station module (DTU) communication module, B real-time clock storer.Mainly select for use chip that single-chip microcomputer C8051F530IT, radio-frequency (RF) transceiver ATA5824, clock storer FM3130 etc. are arranged in the main frame.The control section of main frame namely utilizes the instruction main control system of B single-chip microcomputer and communicating by letter of host computer, slave by the B chip microcontroller; Utilize the data transmission between twireless radio-frequency communication technology realization main frame and the slave, the B-DTU module realizes the information transmission between main frame and host computer; B real-time clock storer provides clock information for single-chip microcomputer, and the storage single-chip data.
(3) host computer: comprise database, visualization interface, computing machine and C-DTU communication module.Carry out data information transfer by C-DTU between host computer and the main frame, utilize Microsoft access to carry out the data storage, realize the function of two aspects by KingView software design visualization interface: deposit data message in database on the one hand; Realize that on the other hand data show, call, query function.
The C-DTU module is connected with computing machine by serial ports, and the inner integrated ICP/IP protocol of C-DTU will be converted to serial data from the IP data that main frame receives, and realizes the wireless data transmission between host computer and the main frame.
Utilize KingView software design visualization interface, by configuration variable, command language, screen template and driving interface, finish data and handle.This interface can provide the demonstration of the critical datas such as humidity, temperature, pressure, tension force and acceleration of each test point by processing and analysis to real time data, historical data in host computer, make things convenient for the user to inquire about; Simultaneously can provide functions such as each data history trend curve, dynamic real-time curve, it is more directly perceived that each parameter information is shown, made things convenient for the user to obtain key message, and assisted user is made judgement, thereby realize the real-time monitoring to express highway roadbed structure.
Because in the system of the present invention, continuous parameters changes, data volume is big, and the memory headroom that the buffer zone of main frame and host computer can distribute is limited again.Therefore real time data is stored in the database in order to inquire about and call in the future, for the highway maintenance provides the data foundation.Database is Microsoft Access database.Operate by KingView software, the data timing automatic that KingView is received is uploaded in the database, and utilizes KingView operational system accessing database, the inquiry that realizes data with call.
In order to make system of the present invention energy steady operation in actual environment, main frame adopts one aluminum injection moulding package casing, guarantees its impact strength, passes through High Density Packaging Technology, protect inner accurate chip, make main frame in rugged surroundings, keep good duty efficiently; Slave adopts the embedded-type sensor system in package method with self-correcting function to encapsulate, and wraps up by different materials at last, and for example, pitch, concrete, clay like this when being embedded in when express highway roadbed, are complementary with on every side material.In expressway construction period, slave can be embedded in the highway at random, the about 0-1m of degree of depth place is used for gathering humiture, pressure, tension force and the acceleration information information of express highway roadbed structure.
System of the present invention adopts host computer to finish issuing of instruction, and main frame is responsible for receiving order that host computer sends and order is forwarded to slave or received the data that slave transmits and reach host computer.Slave is responsible for receiving main frame and is sent order and beam back data.Main frame is subjected to PC control, host computer sends instruction and sends main frame to, main frame carries out by the B radio frequency transceiving module instruction being sent to slave behind the instruction analysis, and slave is carried out corresponding order, and the data message of gathering is sent to main frame by radio frequency chip ATA5824.Main frame sends to host computer by B-DTU with the data that receive, and finishes transmission and the execution of a subcommand.
As shown in Figure 2, in the system of the present invention, slave is divided into a plurality of from unit, and every group comprises some slaves, and each is connected with a main frame from unit, and each main frame links to each other with host computer.Utilize the twireless radio-frequency communication technology to realize data transmission between slave and the main frame.Carry out data transmission by the DTU mode between main frame and the host computer.
Communication protocol between main frame and the slave is a kind of simplex agreement.Data are transmitted with hexadecimal format, and baud rate is 9600bps, 8 of data bit, a position of rest, no parity check position.Concrete communication protocol is as follows:
A. the command frame format that acquisition node is called out is that (wherein ID refers to the slave numbering to 53ID0144, and host id is defined as 0, and slave ID number is 1～255,01 command type, and 53 and 44 are respectively frame head and postamble.
B. the command frame type that reads SD card data is 53020244.
The command frame format of c. wiping SD card data is 53020344.
D. the command frame format of reading and writing the real-time clock storer is:
1. the form that reads out factory's label is 53ID0444, and the form of revising the label that dispatches from the factory is the 53S(content) 0544.
2. the command frame format that reads Net Label is 53ID0644, and the form of modification then is 53S0744.
3. the command frame format that reads Road Sped Limit is 53ID0844, and revising then is 53S0944.
4. the command frame format that reads Sensor location is 53ID0A44, revises it and then is 53S0B44.
5. the command frame format that reads Building Corporation is 53ID0C44, and revising then is 53S0D44.
6. the command frame format that reads Building materials is 53ID0E44, revises it and then is 53S0F44.
7. the command frame format that reads Road building type is 53ID1044, and the form of revising it is 53S1144.
8. the command frame format of revising Pressure calibration is 53ID1244.
E. the order format of data back is 53ID014453datas(16bytes) 0D.
Its command frame form:
| 53 | —（ID） | -(instruction type) | 44 |
Data reclaim form:
| 53 | ID | 01 | 44 | 53 | 16 bytes | 0D |
Getting English Start initial S is opening flag, and its corresponding A SCII value is 83, and changing into sexadecimal is 0x53.Therefore, 53 → S (start).
Getting End last letter D is end mark, and its corresponding A SCII value is 68, and changing into sexadecimal is 0x44, therefore, and 44 → D (End).
From 53 to 44 is frame instruction, and thereafter with 53 beginnings, the back is 16 byte numbers, is finishing with 0D, finishes data and receives.
Take wheel to be the poll control mode in the agreement, be responsible for the control of all slaves of the whole network by a main frame, have only when slave is polled to send data, the reception of the data of returning for slave is unrestricted.The address of pre-defined each slave, during operation, all initiated in a certain order slave addresses to be carried out poll by main frame at every turn, during each poll, main frame also comprises host information except to the target slave sends polling signal, corresponding, after slave receives the polling message that destination address is this slave addresses, immediately this slave self information is sent to main frame.Consider that each principal and subordinate's machine amount of communication data is restricted, the each main control system of host computer sends 4 bytes, and the data bit that slave returns is 22 bytes, can judge so whether information is wrong.
The concrete operations of each slave of PC control: before each slave is laid, be written as it by program and distribute separately ID number, after host computer sends instruction 53ID0144, each carries out self check from chance, whether meet each self-corresponding ID number, after ID number coupling of slave ID and instruction, carry out instruction type identification again.Instruction type comprises: refresh data, read-write slave position, read-write slave ID, the read-write label etc. that dispatches from the factory, finish corresponding command function then, and the data that gathered this moment send to main frame through less radio-frequency, finish a data polling.
Claims (3)
1. be used for the embedded self-power wireless sensor-based system of highway health monitoring, this system comprises host computer and slave computer two parts, and host computer comprises C wireless digital broadcasting station module, visualization interface, computing machine and database, and slave computer comprises main frame and slave; Described main frame comprises B single-chip microcomputer, B radio frequency transceiving module, B wireless digital broadcasting station module and B real-time clock storer, and described slave comprises sensor assembly, A single-chip microcomputer, A radio frequency transceiving module, self-powered module and A real-time clock storer; It is characterized in that:
Described slave is divided into some from unit, each comprises some slaves from unit, each is connected with a main frame from unit, the B radio frequency transceiving module wireless interaction data of the A radio frequency transceiving module of each slave and a main frame, each main frame is by the C wireless digital broadcasting station module wireless interaction data of its B wireless digital broadcasting station module and host computer; The steering order that host computer sends sends main frame to, main frame sends to slave by the B radio frequency transceiving module with instruction after receiving the order that host computer sends and carrying out instruction analysis, slave is carried out corresponding order, and the data message of gathering sent to main frame by the A radio frequency transceiving module, main frame sends to host computer by B wireless digital broadcasting station module with the data that receive, and finishes transmission and the execution of a subcommand;
Described each slave mixes with the construction material of highway when building highway, be embedded in the important highway section of each transport hub in the highway randomly, slave is used for gathering in real time pitch, soil, humiture in the high speed highway subgrade structures such as concrete, pressure, the change information of the acceleration that tension force and road vibration produce, and leave in the A real-time clock storer after the data process A single-chip microcomputer processing with each sensor output, also store this expressway construction in the A real-time clock storer simultaneously, essential informations such as historical maintenance send to main frame by the A radio frequency transceiving module then;
Described main frame is laid in each highway section of highway, and each main frame and corresponding distance between unit satisfy the requirement of less radio-frequency coverage distance, and B real-time clock storer provides clock information for the B single-chip microcomputer, and the data message that sends of storage slave;
Described slave A single-chip microcomputer at first carries out initialization to slave hardware, enters listening state then, and when slave receives the order that main frame sends, the A single-chip microcomputer carries out the instruction type analysis, carries out corresponding function then;
Described B single-chip microcomputer at first carries out initialization to host hardware, enters listening state then, and when main frame receives the instruction that host computer issues, the B single-chip microcomputer carries out the instruction type analysis, carries out corresponding function then;
In the described host computer, C wireless digital broadcasting station module links to each other with computing machine, visualization interface and database are installed in the computing machine, and host computer deposits the data message that B wireless digital broadcasting station module sends in database, and realize functions such as data show, call, inquiry by visualization interface.
2. the embedded self-power wireless sensor-based system for the highway health monitoring according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the data that B wireless digital broadcasting station module collects slave are converted to the IP data, transfer to host computer by cordless communication network, realize the data information transfer between main frame and the host computer.
3. the embedded self-power wireless sensor-based system for the highway health monitoring according to claim 1 is characterized in that: sensor assembly adopts the multiple sensor integrated technology that temperature, humidity sensor, pressure transducer, tension pick-up, acceleration transducer and control circuit is integrated.
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Application publication date: 20130710 |