CN106592394B - A kind of self-power generation type road life detection wireless sensing system and its detection method - Google Patents
A kind of self-power generation type road life detection wireless sensing system and its detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106592394B CN106592394B CN201611024963.0A CN201611024963A CN106592394B CN 106592394 B CN106592394 B CN 106592394B CN 201611024963 A CN201611024963 A CN 201611024963A CN 106592394 B CN106592394 B CN 106592394B
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C23/00—Auxiliary devices or arrangements for constructing, repairing, reconditioning, or taking-up road or like surfaces
- E01C23/01—Devices or auxiliary means for setting-out or checking the configuration of new surfacing, e.g. templates, screed or reference line supports; Applications of apparatus for measuring, indicating, or recording the surface configuration of existing surfacing, e.g. profilographs
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
- E01F11/00—Road engineering aspects of Embedding pads or other sensitive devices in paving or other road surfaces, e.g. traffic detectors, vehicle-operated pressure-sensitive actuators, devices for monitoring atmospheric or road conditions
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
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- Power Engineering (AREA)
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- Testing Or Calibration Of Command Recording Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of self-power generation type road life detection wireless sensing system and its detection methods, by burying PZT (piezoelectric transducer) below road, vehicle generates stress by meeting road pavement when road surface, pavement structure will produce cooperative transformation with PZT (piezoelectric transducer), relative displacement occurs for the positive and negative charge center inside PZT (piezoelectric transducer), lead to occur contrary sign polarization charge on its surface, and then generate potential difference, to produce electricl energy with supply microcontroller, sensor and RFID tag, utilize the service life of the collected road data accurate judgement road of sensor, to achieve the purpose that overhaul road in advance；The present invention can be carried out continuously dynamic strain detection and the data storage of pavement structure, realize the fatigue life prediction to detecting road surface, reduce the interference to traffic, it is cost-effective, reduce energy loss, the inaccuracy that road structure predicts road life cannot be monitored in the past by solving, and the decision support of effective science is provided for road maintenance and injury repair.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the status information transmit-receive technology fields of structure sheaf in road life detection process, are related to road and are transporting
The battalion and road self-powered technology in maintenance processes, micro-energy collection and administrative skill and ultrahigh frequency RFID Radio Transmission Technology pair
The detection of road structure internal information, more particularly to a kind of self-power generation type road life detection wireless sensing system and its detection side
Method.
Background technology
In order to prevent due to traffic accident caused by road-surface problem, China's road life is usually according to the road pavement time
Length regularly renovates road, however due to its vehicle flowrate, load-carrying etc., the service life of every highway is not quite similar,
Some roads are since vehicle flowrate is big, and the reasons such as load-carrying is exceeded make road life reduce rapidly, so as to cause a large amount of traffic accidents
Generation, therefore detect road life be particularly important.Vehicle road pavement will produce stress, strain and vibration, these energy
Eventually it is dispersed into the external world by way of thermal energy.Therefore piezoelectric effect can be detected using these energy for road life
Electric energy is provided, and to promoting the green clean energy resource utilization of Construction of Highway Traffic field, environmental protection that there is important society to imitate
Benefit.
Invention content
For the above-mentioned prior art the problem of or defect, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of self-power generation types
Road life detects wireless sensing system and its detection method, can accurate judgement road life, to reach the mesh overhauled in advance
, prevent the traffic accident caused by road life problem.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of self-power generation type road life detection wireless sensing system, including PZT (piezoelectric transducer) and sensor, piezoelectric energy-conversion
Device is embedded in below road, and PZT (piezoelectric transducer) connects rectification circuit, and rectification circuit connects energy collection circuit, energy collection circuit
Microcontroller is connected by first switch circuit, the sensor connects microcontroller, and microcontroller is also connected with RFID tag；It is described wireless
Sensor-based system further includes RFID reader, and RFID reader connects PC machine；
When vehicle passes through the road above PZT (piezoelectric transducer), excitation of the PZT (piezoelectric transducer) for generating vehicle to road
Be converted to alternating current；
Rectification circuit is used to the alternating current that PZT (piezoelectric transducer) generates being converted into direct current；
Energy collection circuit is used to direct current being converted into constant voltage；
First switch circuit is microcontroller, sensor and RFID tag power supply for storing electric energy；
The sensor sends collected road data to microcontroller and stores for acquiring road data；
Microcontroller is used to control the connection and disconnection of first switch circuit, controls the unlatching of sensor and RFID tag, and
Send the road data of storage to RFID tag.
Specifically, the rectification circuit includes the first rectification circuit and the second rectification circuit, and the first rectification circuit includes the
One full-bridge rectifier and second switch circuit, the second rectification circuit include step-down transformer and the second full-bridge rectifier；When second
When switching circuit is connected, the voltage that PZT (piezoelectric transducer) generates is transported to energy via the first full-bridge rectifier and second switch circuit
Collecting circuit, when second switch circuit disconnects, the voltage that PZT (piezoelectric transducer) generates is whole via step-down transformer and the second full-bridge
Stream device is transported to energy collection circuit.
Specifically, the second switch circuit includes voltage-stabiliser tube, the first PMOS tube, the second PMOS tube and NMOS tube, wherein
The output end of voltage-stabiliser tube connects the source electrode of the second PMOS tube, and the drain electrode of the second PMOS tube connects the grid of NMOS tube, NMOS tube
Source electrode connects publicly, the grid of drain electrode the first PMOS tube of connection of NMOS tube.
Specifically, the both ends of the PZT (piezoelectric transducer) are separately connected two input terminal AC of first full-bridge rectifier,
The both ends of the PZT (piezoelectric transducer) are also connected with the input terminal of the step-down transformer；The output plus terminal of first full-bridge rectifier
Connect the source electrode, the grid of the second PMOS tube and the input terminal of voltage-stabiliser tube of the first PMOS tube；The public termination of voltage-stabiliser tube is publicly；
The output negative terminal of first full-bridge rectifier connects publicly；
Two output ends of the step-down transformer are separately connected two input terminal AC of second full-bridge rectifier.
Specifically, the energy collection circuit uses LTC3105 chips, and the microcontroller uses MSF430F5529, described
Sensor uses DS18B20, the RFID tag to use SL900A, and the first switch circuit includes capacitance C2, p-type field-effect
Pipe Q1 and N-type field-effect tube Q2；
The drain electrode of input terminal VIN the first PMOS tube of connection of the LTC3105 chips and second full-bridge rectifier
Output plus terminal；
The automatically controlled end MPPC of power and LTC3105 chips of the output negative terminal connection LTC3105 chips of second full-bridge rectifier
Ground terminal GND；
The source electrode of the anode and p-type field-effect tube Q1 of the output charging end VOUT connection capacitances C2 of LTC3105 chips, capacitance
The cathode of C2 is grounded, and the drain electrode of the grid connection N-type field-effect tube Q2 of p-type field-effect tube Q1, the grid of N-type field-effect tube Q2 connects
The ports I/O1 of microcontroller are connect, the source electrode of N-type field-effect tube Q2 connects publicly；
The drain electrode of the input terminal POWER, p-type field-effect tube Q1 of the output end LDO connection microcontrollers of LTC3105 chips and biography
The input terminal VBAT of sensor；The ports I/O3 of the power indication end PGOOD connection microcontrollers of LTC3105 chips, LTC3105 chips
Enable PinConnect the ports I/O2 of microcontroller；
The ports I/O4 of the data terminal DO connection microcontrollers of sensor；
The data receiver MISO of the data sending terminal DOUT connection microcontrollers of RFID tag, the data receiver of RFID tag
Data sending terminal MOSI, the clock end CLK of the clock end SCLK connection microcontrollers of RFID tag of DIN connection microcontrollers are held,
The Enable Pin SEN of the Enable Pin SEN connection microcontrollers of RFID tag, the negative terminal GND connections of RFID tag publicly, RFID tag
Input terminal VBAT connection p-type field-effect tube Q1 drain electrode.
Using the method that the self-power generation type road life detection wireless sensing system carries out road life detection, including
Following steps：
Step 1, PZT (piezoelectric transducer) is buried below road, when vehicle passes through the road above PZT (piezoelectric transducer), vehicle pair
The excitation that road generates, alternating current is converted to via PZT (piezoelectric transducer)；Alternating current is transported to rectification circuit by PZT (piezoelectric transducer), whole
Alternating current is converted to direct current by current circuit；Rectification circuit selects the first rectification circuit or the according to the voltage swing of alternating current
Alternating current is converted to direct current by two rectification circuits；Direct current is transported to energy collection circuit, collection of energy electricity by rectification circuit
Direct current is converted into constant voltage by road；
Step 2, constant current is transported to capacitance C2 by the main output end VOUT of energy collection circuit, gives capacitance C2 chargings；
Meanwhile the auxiliary output end LDO of energy collection circuit powers to microcontroller；
Step 3, microcontroller controls the unlatching of sensor and RFID tag according to the voltage swing at the both ends capacitance C2, utilizes
Sensor acquires road data, and collected road data is transmitted to microcontroller and stored by sensor, and microcontroller is by road data
It is transferred to RFID tag；
Step 4, RFID tag by road data by wireless transmission to RFID reader, RFID reader
Road data is transferred to PC machine；Operating personnel are detected road life according to the road data in PC machine.
Specifically, the step 3 includes the following steps：
Step 3.1, after the auxiliary output end LDO of energy collection circuit powers to microcontroller, microcontroller is initialized；
Step 3.2, the voltage swing at the both ends I/O3 Port detecting capacitance C2 of microcontroller, judges whether voltage swing reaches
Whether the power indication end PGOOD of given threshold, i.e. energy collection circuit is high level, if voltage swing reaches threshold value, i.e. work(
Rate indication end PGOOD is high level, then opens the ports I/O1 of microcontroller, p-type field-effect tube Q1 and N-type field-effect tube Q2 are led
Logical, capacitance C2 is simultaneously to microcontroller, sensor and RFID tag power supply；Sensor acquires road data, and passes through microcontroller
Road data is transmitted to microcontroller by the ports I/O4, and microcontroller stores road data, executes step 3.3；If voltage is big
If small not up to given threshold, microcontroller self-test, detection data pass through microcontroller with the presence or absence of mistake there are mistake
I/O2 port open energy collection circuits Enable PinEnergy collection circuit is closed, if mistake is not present, returns to step
Rapid 3.1；
Step 3.3, whether microcontroller receives the activation command of RFID reader by MISO Port detectings RFID tag, such as
Fruit receives activation command, then the road data of its storage inside is transmitted to by the transmitting terminal MOSI of microcontroller by receiving terminal DIN
RFID tag.
Further, the rectification circuit in the step 2 according to the voltage swing of alternating current select the first rectification circuit or
Alternating current is converted to direct current by the second rectification circuit of person, and concrete methods of realizing is as follows：
If the voltage for the alternating current that PZT (piezoelectric transducer) generates is less than the maximum voltage of energy collection circuit input terminal, and energy
Voltage difference between the maximum voltage of collecting circuit input terminal and the rated voltage of the voltage-stabiliser tube is more than 1V, then second switch electricity
Road is connected, and voltage is input to energy collection circuit via the first rectification circuit；
If the voltage for the alternating current that PZT (piezoelectric transducer) generates is more than the maximum voltage of energy collection circuit input terminal and is less than
The rated voltage of the voltage-stabiliser tube, and between the maximum voltage of energy collection circuit input terminal and the rated voltage of the voltage-stabiliser tube
Voltage difference be less than 1V, then second switch circuit disconnects, and voltage is input to energy collection circuit via the second rectification circuit；
If the voltage for the alternating current that PZT (piezoelectric transducer) generates is more than the maximum voltage of energy collection circuit input terminal, and is more than
The rated voltage of the voltage-stabiliser tube, then second switch circuit disconnection, voltage are input to collection of energy electricity via the second rectification circuit
Road.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects：
1, the present invention fast and accurately can carry out continuous data detection to highways and streets etc., overcome traditional
Traffic accident caused by the inaccuracy of road life prediction technique provides effectively for road maintenance and injury repair
The decision support of science.
2, the sensor data acquisition of self power generation is realized, energy is from automobile to the vibrational energy of road pressure, nothing
It need to be powered by national grid road pavement sensor, greatly reduce the consumption of the energy.
Need to only detect garage when 3, detecting surface conditions and walk, be not necessarily to close traffic, reduce interference to traffic, road surface two
Secondary destruction etc., it is cost-effective, improve social benefit.
4, can according to the volume of traffic, accident number occurs etc. and compatibly arranges detection vehicle, without regularly being examined to road
It surveys, has not only saved cost, but also can accurately be predicted road life situation.
5, it is wirelessly transferred by the RFID tag being embedded under road surface, avoids damage of the detection road information to road
It is bad, reduce the maintenance cost of detecting system itself.
6, first rectification circuit and the second rectification circuit are set, asking for collection can not be taken into account by overcoming previous high-low voltage
Topic so that road surface energy collecting device can both collect the height that PZT (piezoelectric transducer) generates when truck passes through by step-down transformer
Voltage can also collect the low-voltage of car generation, greatly improve efficiency of energy collection.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the self-power generation type road life of the present invention detects the connection block diagram of wireless sensing system；
Fig. 2 is that the self-power generation type road life of the present invention detects wireless sensing system circuit structure diagram；
The meaning of each label in figure：1-PZT (piezoelectric transducer), 2-roads, 3-sensors, 4-rectification circuits, 5-energy
Amount collecting circuit, 6-microcontrollers, 7-RFID tags, 8-RFID readers, 9-PC machine, 10-first switch circuits, 11-
First rectification circuit, the 1101-the first full-bridge rectifier, 1102-second switch circuits, the 12-the second rectification circuit, 1201-
Step-down transformer, the 1202-the second full-bridge rectifier, 13-voltage-stabiliser tubes, the 14-the first PMOS tube, the 15-the second PMOS tube, 16-
NMOS tube.
Explanation and illustration in further detail is made to the solution of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Specific implementation mode
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, self-power generation type road life of the invention detects wireless sensing system, including PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 1
With sensor 2, PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 1 is embedded in 2 lower section of road, and PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 1 connects rectification circuit 4, and rectification circuit 4 connects energy
Collecting circuit 5 is measured, energy collection circuit 5 connects microcontroller 6 by first switch circuit 10, and the sensor 3 connects microcontroller
6, microcontroller 6 is also connected with RFID tag 7；The wireless sensing system further includes RFID reader 8, and RFID reader 8 connects PC
Machine 9.
When road 2 of the vehicle by 1 top of PZT (piezoelectric transducer), what PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 1 was used to generate vehicle to road 2
Excitation is converted to alternating current；Rectification circuit 4 is used to the alternating current that PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 1 generates being converted into direct current；Collection of energy
Circuit 5 is used to direct current being converted into constant voltage；First switch circuit 10 is microcontroller 6, sensor for storing electric energy
3 and RFID tag 7 power；The sensor 3 sends collected road data to microcontroller for acquiring road data
6 are stored；Connection and disconnection of the microcontroller 6 for controlling first switch circuit 10, control sensor 3 and RFID tag 7
It opens, and sends the road data of storage to RFID tag 7；Road data is wirelessly transferred to by RFID tag 7
RFID reader 8, and store in PC machine 9.
The self start type road life of the present invention detects wireless sensing system, by burying PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 1 below road,
Vehicle generates stress by meeting road pavement when road surface, and pavement structure will produce cooperative transformation, PZT (piezoelectric transducer) with PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 1
Relative displacement occurs for the positive and negative charge center inside 1, leads to occur contrary sign polarization charge on its surface, and then generates potential difference,
It is accurate using 3 collected road data of sensor to produce electricl energy with supply microcontroller 6, sensor 3 and RFID tag 7
The service life for judging road, to achieve the purpose that overhaul road in advance.
PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 1 in the present invention can will be converted into electric energy from automobile to the vibrational energy of road pressure,
So that the system of the present invention is not necessarily to power by national grid road pavement sensor, the consumption of the energy is greatly reduced；Meanwhile it adopting
The mode being combined with microcontroller 6, sensor 3 and RFID tag 7, can be fast and accurately to the progress such as highways and streets
Continuous data detects, and overcomes traffic accident caused by the inaccuracy of traditional road life prediction technique, is road
Road conserves the decision support that effective science is provided with injury repair；It is wirelessly passed using the RFID tag 7 being embedded under road surface
It is defeated, damage of the detection road information to road is avoided, the maintenance cost of detecting system itself is reduced.
Temperature sensor or pressure sensor etc. can be used in the sensor 3, and collected road data is temperature number
According to or pressure data.
The rectification circuit 4 includes the first rectification circuit 11 and the second rectification circuit 12, and the first rectification circuit 11 includes the
One full-bridge rectifier 1101 and second switch circuit 1102, the second rectification circuit 12 include step-down transformer 1201 and the second full-bridge
Rectifier 1202；When second switch circuit 1102 is connected, the voltage that PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 1 generates is via the first full-bridge rectifier
1101 and second switch circuit 1102 be transported to energy collection circuit 5, when second switch circuit 1102 disconnects, PZT (piezoelectric transducer)
1 voltage generated is transported to energy collection circuit 5 via step-down transformer 1201 and the second full-bridge rectifier 1202.
The first rectification circuit and the second rectification circuit is arranged in the present invention, when the voltage that PZT (piezoelectric transducer) generates is smaller, electricity
Pressure is transported to energy collection circuit through the first rectification circuit, and when the voltage generated when PZT (piezoelectric transducer) is larger, voltage is through second
Rectification circuit is transported to energy collection circuit, overcomes the problem of previous high-low voltage can not take into account collection so that road surface energy
Collection device can both collect the high voltage that PZT (piezoelectric transducer) generates when truck passes through by step-down transformer, can also collect
The low-voltage that car generates, greatly improves efficiency of energy collection.
In order to realize that above-mentioned voltage swing controls break-make this purpose of second switch circuit, the second switch circuit
1102 include voltage-stabiliser tube 13, the first PMOS tube 14, the second PMOS tube 15 and NMOS tube 16, wherein the output end of voltage-stabiliser tube 13 connects
The source electrode of the second PMOS tube 15, the grid of the drain electrode connection NMOS tube 16 of the second PMOS tube 15 are connect, the source electrode of NMOS tube 16 connects public affairs
Altogether, the grid of drain electrode the first PMOS tube 14 of connection of NMOS tube 16.
The both ends of the PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 1 are separately connected two input terminal AC of first full-bridge rectifier 1101, institute
The both ends for stating PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 1 are also connected with the input terminal of the step-down transformer 1201；First full-bridge rectifier 1101
The input terminal of the source electrode of output plus terminal the first PMOS tube 14 of connection, the grid and voltage-stabiliser tube 13 of the second PMOS tube 15；Voltage-stabiliser tube 13
Public termination publicly；The output negative terminal of first full-bridge rectifier 1101 connects publicly；The step-down transformer 1201
Two output ends be separately connected two input terminal AC of second full-bridge rectifier 1202.
The energy collection circuit 5 uses LTC3105 chips, the microcontroller 6 to use MSF430F5529, the sensing
Device 3 uses DS18B20, and it includes capacitance C2, p-type field-effect that the RFID tag 7, which uses SL900A, the first switch circuit 10,
Pipe Q1 and N-type field-effect tube Q2；PZT (piezoelectric transducer) uses PZT type piezoelectric patches.
Wherein, the drain electrode of the first PMOS tube of input terminal VIN connections 14 of the LTC3105 chips and second full-bridge are whole
Flow the output plus terminal of device 1202；The automatically controlled end of power of the output negative terminal connection LTC3105 chips of second full-bridge rectifier 1202
The ground terminal GND of MPPC and LTC3105 chips；
The source electrode of the anode and p-type field-effect tube Q1 of the output charging end VOUT connection capacitances C2 of LTC3105 chips, capacitance
The cathode of C2 is grounded, and the drain electrode of the grid connection N-type field-effect tube Q2 of p-type field-effect tube Q1, the grid of N-type field-effect tube Q2 connects
The ports I/O1 of microcontroller are connect, the source electrode of N-type field-effect tube Q2 connects publicly；
The drain electrode of the input terminal POWER, p-type field-effect tube Q1 of the output end LDO connections microcontroller 6 of LTC3105 chips and
The input terminal VBAT of sensor 3；The ports I/O3 of the power indication end PGOOD connections microcontroller 6 of LTC3105 chips, LTC3105
The Enable Pin of chipConnect the ports I/O2 of microcontroller 6；
The ports I/O4 of the data terminal DO connections microcontroller 6 of sensor 3；
The data receiver MISO of the data sending terminal DOUT connections microcontroller 6 of RFID tag 7, the data of RFID tag 7
The data sending terminal MOSI of receiving terminal DIN connections microcontroller 6, the clock end of the clock end SCLK connection microcontrollers of RFID tag 7
CLK, the Enable Pin SEN of the Enable Pin SEN connections microcontroller 6 of RFID tag 7,7 negative terminal GND connections of RFID tag publicly,
The drain electrode of the input terminal VBAT connection p-type field-effect tube Q1 of RFID tag 7.
The input terminal voltage of LTC3105 chips is 0.5V-5V, therefore selects the voltage-stabiliser tube 13 of 6V to control switching circuit
Break-make.
The method for carrying out road life detection using self-power generation type road life detection wireless sensing system of the present invention, packet
Include following steps：
Step 1, PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 1 is buried below road, when road 2 of the vehicle by 1 top of PZT (piezoelectric transducer), vehicle
To the excitation that road 2 generates, alternating current is converted to via PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 1；Alternating current is transported to rectified current by PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 1
Road 4, rectification circuit 4 select the first rectification circuit 11 or the second rectification circuit 12 by alternating current according to the voltage swing of alternating current
Be converted to direct current；Direct current is transported to energy collection circuit 5 by rectification circuit 4, and direct current is converted by energy collection circuit 5
Constant voltage；
Wherein, rectification circuit 4 selects the first rectification circuit or the second rectification circuit will according to the voltage swing of alternating current
Alternating current is converted to direct current, and specific implementation is as follows：
If the alternating current that PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 1 generates is less than 5V, voltage is transferred to the by the first full-bridge rectifier 1101
The input terminal of the grid and voltage-stabiliser tube 13 of two PMOS tube 15, then the source voltage of the second PMOS tube 15 is voltage-stabiliser tube 13 output end electricity
It is input voltage to press 6V, grid, and source voltage is more than grid voltage and the voltage difference of grid voltage and source voltage is more than 1V, reaches
To the conducting voltage (generally about 1V) between grid and source electrode, then the second PMOS tube 15 enters conducting state by cut-off state, at this time
The source electrode and drain electrode of second PMOS tube 15 is connected, and the grid voltage of NMOS tube 16 also rises to conducting voltage, and NMOS tube 16 is connected
While so that the grid of the first PMOS tube 14 and source voltage difference is reached conducting voltage, the first PMOS tube 14 is also switched on, second
Switching circuit 1102 is conducting state, to make input voltage be transferred to the input terminal of energy collection circuit 5；
If input voltage, between 5V to 6V, the source voltage of the second PMOS tube 15 is 13 output end voltage of voltage-stabiliser tube
6V, grid are input voltage, and source voltage is more than grid voltage, but the voltage difference of grid voltage and source voltage is less than 1V, the
Two PMOS tube 15 are in cut-off state, and second switch circuit 1102 is off-state, and voltage is reduced by step-down transformer 1201
The input terminal of energy collection circuit 5 is transferred to after voltage by the second full-bridge rectifier 1202；
If input voltage is more than 6V, the source voltage of the second PMOS tube 15 is voltage-stabiliser tube output end voltage 6V, and grid is
Input voltage, source voltage are less than grid voltage, and the second PMOS tube 15 is in cut-off state, and second switch circuit 1102 is to disconnect
State, voltage are transferred to energy collection circuit after step-down transformer 1201 reduces voltage by the second full-bridge rectifier 1202
5 input terminal.
Step 2, constant current is transported to capacitance C2 by the main output end VOUT of energy collection circuit 5, gives capacitance C2 chargings；
Meanwhile the auxiliary output end LDO of energy collection circuit 5 powers to microcontroller；
Step 3, microcontroller 6 controls the unlatching of sensor 3 and RFID tag 7, profit according to the voltage swing at the both ends capacitance C2
Road data is acquired with sensor 3, collected road data is transmitted to microcontroller 6 and stored by sensor 3, and microcontroller 6 is by road
Circuit-switched data is transferred to RFID tag 7；Specifically include following steps：
Step 3.1, after the auxiliary output end LDO of energy collection circuit 5 powers to microcontroller 6, microcontroller 6 is initialized；
Step 3.2, the voltage swing at the both ends I/O3 Port detecting capacitance C2 of microcontroller 6, judges whether voltage swing reaches
Whether the power indication end PGOOD to given threshold, i.e. energy collection circuit 5 is high level, if voltage swing reaches threshold value, i.e.,
Power indication end PGOOD is high level, then opens the ports I/O1 of microcontroller 6, p-type field-effect tube Q1 and N-type field-effect tube Q2
Conducting, capacitance C2 power to microcontroller 6, sensor 3 and RFID tag 7 simultaneously；Sensor 3 acquires road data, and passes through list
Road data is transmitted to microcontroller 6 by the ports I/O4 of piece machine 6, and microcontroller 6 stores road data, executes step 3.3；
If voltage swing is not up to given threshold, 6 self-test of microcontroller, if detection data is led to the presence or absence of mistake there are mistake
Cross the Enable Pin of the I/O2 port opens energy collection circuit 5 of microcontroller 6Energy collection circuit 5 is closed, if being not present
Mistake, return to step 3.1；
Step 3.3, whether microcontroller 6 receives the activation life of RFID reader 8 by MISO Port detectings RFID tag 7
It enables, if receiving activation command, the road data of its storage inside is passed through receiving terminal DIN by the transmitting terminal MOSI of microcontroller 6
It is transmitted to RFID tag 7.
Step 4, by road data by wireless transmission to RFID reader 8, RFID is read RFID tag 7
Road data is transferred to PC machine 9 by device 8；Operating personnel are detected road life according to the road data in PC machine 9.
The method of the road life detection of the present invention can be carried out continuously dynamic strain detection and the data storage of pavement structure
It deposits, realizes the fatigue life prediction to detecting road surface, reduce the interference to traffic, it is cost-effective, energy loss is reduced, is solved
The inaccuracy that road structure predicts road life cannot be monitored in the past, and effective section is provided for road maintenance and injury repair
Decision support.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of self-power generation type road life detects wireless sensing system, including PZT (piezoelectric transducer) (1) and sensor (3), piezoelectricity
Energy converter (1) is embedded in below road (2), which is characterized in that PZT (piezoelectric transducer) (1) connects rectification circuit (4), rectification circuit
(4) connection energy collection circuit (5), energy collection circuit (5) connects microcontroller (6) by first switch circuit (10), described
Sensor (3) connects microcontroller (6), and microcontroller (6) is also connected with RFID tag (7)；The wireless sensing system further includes RFID
Reader (8), RFID reader (8) connect PC machine (9)；
When vehicle passes through road (2) above PZT (piezoelectric transducer) (1), PZT (piezoelectric transducer) (1) is used to generate vehicle to road
Excitation be converted to alternating current；
Rectification circuit (4) is used to the alternating current that PZT (piezoelectric transducer) (1) generates being converted into direct current；Rectification circuit (4) packet
The first rectification circuit (11) and the second rectification circuit (12) are included, the first rectification circuit (11) includes the first full-bridge rectifier (1101)
With second switch circuit (1102), the second rectification circuit (12) includes step-down transformer (1201) and the second full-bridge rectifier
(1202)；When second switch circuit (1102) are connected, the voltage that PZT (piezoelectric transducer) (1) generates is via the first full-bridge rectifier
(1101) and second switch circuit (1102) is transported to energy collection circuit (5), when second switch circuit (1102) disconnect, pressure
The voltage that electric transducer (1) generates is transported to collection of energy via step-down transformer (1201) and the second full-bridge rectifier (1202)
Circuit (5)；
Energy collection circuit (5) is used to direct current being converted into constant voltage；
First switch circuit (10) is microcontroller (6), sensor (3) and RFID tag (7) power supply for storing electric energy；
The sensor (3) sends collected road data to microcontroller (6) and deposits for acquiring road data
Storage；
Microcontroller (6) is used to control the connection and disconnection of first switch circuit (10), control sensor (3) and RFID tag (7)
Unlatching, and send the road data of storage to RFID tag (7).
2. self-power generation type road life as described in claim 1 detects wireless sensing system, which is characterized in that described second opens
Powered-down road (1102) includes voltage-stabiliser tube (13), the first PMOS tube (14), the second PMOS tube (15) and NMOS tube (16), wherein steady
The output end of pressure pipe (13) connects the source electrode of the second PMOS tube (15), the drain electrode connection NMOS tube (16) of the second PMOS tube (15)
The source electrode of grid, NMOS tube (16) connects publicly, and the drain electrode of NMOS tube (16) connects the grid of the first PMOS tube (14).
3. self-power generation type road life as claimed in claim 2 detects wireless sensing system, which is characterized in that the piezoelectricity changes
The both ends of energy device (1) are separately connected two input terminal AC of first full-bridge rectifier (1101), the PZT (piezoelectric transducer) (1)
Both ends be also connected with the input terminals of the step-down transformer (1201)；The output plus terminal of first full-bridge rectifier (1101) connects
Connect the input terminal of the source electrode of the first PMOS tube (14), the grid and voltage-stabiliser tube (13) of the second PMOS tube (15)；Voltage-stabiliser tube (13)
Public termination is publicly；The output negative terminal of first full-bridge rectifier (1101) connects publicly；
Two output ends of the step-down transformer (1201) be separately connected second full-bridge rectifier (1202) two are defeated
Enter to hold AC.
4. self-power generation type road life as claimed in claim 3 detects wireless sensing system, the energy collection circuit (5) is adopted
With LTC3105 chips, the microcontroller (6) uses MSF430F5529, the sensor (3) to use DS18B20, the RFID
Label (7) uses SL900A, and the first switch circuit (10) includes capacitance C2, p-type field-effect tube Q1 and N-type field-effect tube
Q2；
The drain electrode of input terminal VIN the first PMOS tube of connection (14) of the LTC3105 chips and second full-bridge rectifier
(1202) output plus terminal；
The automatically controlled end MPPC of power and LTC3105 cores of the output negative terminal connection LTC3105 chips of second full-bridge rectifier (1202)
The ground terminal GND of piece；
The source electrode of the anode and p-type field-effect tube Q1 of the output charging end VOUT connection capacitances C2 of LTC3105 chips, capacitance C2's
Cathode is grounded, the drain electrode of the grid connection N-type field-effect tube Q2 of p-type field-effect tube Q1, and the grid connection of N-type field-effect tube Q2 is single
The source electrode of the ports I/O1 of piece machine, N-type field-effect tube Q2 connects publicly；
The drain electrode of the input terminal POWER, p-type field-effect tube Q1 of the output end LDO connection microcontrollers (6) of LTC3105 chips and biography
The input terminal VBAT of sensor (3)；The ports I/O3 of the power indication end PGOOD connection microcontrollers (6) of LTC3105 chips,
The Enable Pin of LTC3105 chipsConnect the ports I/O2 of microcontroller (6)；
The ports I/O4 of the data terminal DO connection microcontrollers (6) of sensor (3)；
The data receiver MISO of the data sending terminal DOUT connection microcontrollers (6) of RFID tag (7), the number of RFID tag (7)
According to the data sending terminal MOSI of receiving terminal DIN connection microcontrollers (6), the clock end SCLK connection microcontrollers (6) of RFID tag (7)
Clock end CLK, the Enable Pin SEN of the Enable Pin SEN connection microcontrollers (6) of RFID tag (7), the negative terminal of RFID tag (7)
GND connections publicly, the drain electrode of the input terminal VBAT connection p-type field-effect tube Q1 of RFID tag (7).
5. a kind of self-power generation type road life detection wireless sensing system using described in claim 4 carries out road life detection
Method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Step 1, PZT (piezoelectric transducer) (1) is buried below road (2), when vehicle is by the road (2) above PZT (piezoelectric transducer) (1)
When, the excitation that vehicle generates road (2) is converted to alternating current via PZT (piezoelectric transducer) (1)；PZT (piezoelectric transducer) (1) will exchange
Electricity is transported to rectification circuit (4), and alternating current is converted to direct current by rectification circuit (4)；Rectification circuit (4) is according to the electricity of alternating current
Pressure size selects the first rectification circuit (11) or the second rectification circuit (12) that alternating current is converted to direct current；Rectification circuit
(4) direct current is transported to energy collection circuit (5), direct current is converted into constant voltage by energy collection circuit (5)；
Step 2, constant current is transported to capacitance C2 by the main output end VOUT of energy collection circuit (5), gives capacitance C2 chargings；Together
When, the auxiliary output end LDO of energy collection circuit (5) powers to microcontroller (6)；
Step 3, microcontroller (6) controls the unlatching of sensor (3) and RFID tag (7) according to the voltage swing at the both ends capacitance C2,
Road data is acquired using sensor (3), collected road data is transmitted to microcontroller (6) and stored by sensor (3), monolithic
Road data is transferred to RFID tag (7) by machine (6)；
Step 4, by road data by wireless transmission to RFID reader (8), RFID is read RFID tag (7)
Road data is transferred to PC machine (9) by device (8)；Operating personnel examine road life according to the road data in PC machine (9)
It surveys.
6. as claimed in claim 5 using the self-power generation type road life described in claim 4 detect wireless sensing system into
The method of trade road life tests, which is characterized in that the step 3 includes the following steps：
Step 3.1, after the auxiliary output end LDO of energy collection circuit (5) powers to microcontroller (6), microcontroller (6) carries out initial
Change；
Step 3.2, the voltage swing at the both ends I/O3 Port detecting capacitance C2 of microcontroller (6), judges whether voltage swing reaches
Whether the power indication end PGOOD of given threshold, i.e. energy collection circuit (5) is high level, if voltage swing reaches threshold value, i.e.,
Power indication end PGOOD is high level, then opens the ports I/O1 of microcontroller (6), p-type field-effect tube Q1 and N-type field-effect tube
Q2 is connected, and capacitance C2 is simultaneously to microcontroller (6), sensor (3) and RFID tag (7) power supply；Sensor (3) acquires road way
According to, and road data is transmitted to by microcontroller (6) by the ports I/O4 of microcontroller (6), microcontroller (6) carries out road data
Storage executes step 3.3；If voltage swing is not up to given threshold, microcontroller (6) self-test, detection data whether there is
If mistake passes through the Enable Pin of the I/O2 port opens energy collection circuit (5) of microcontroller (6) there are mistakeIt closes
Energy collection circuit (5) is closed, if mistake, return to step 3.1 is not present；
Step 3.3, whether microcontroller (6) receives the activation life of RFID reader (8) by MISO Port detectings RFID tag (7)
It enables, if receiving activation command, the road data of its storage inside is passed through receiving terminal by the transmitting terminal MOSI of microcontroller (6)
DIN is transmitted to RFID tag (7).
7. as claimed in claim 5 using the self-power generation type road life described in claim 4 detect wireless sensing system into
The method of trade road life tests, which is characterized in that rectification circuit (4) in the step 2 is according to the voltage swing of alternating current
Select the first rectification circuit (11) or the second rectification circuit (12) that alternating current is converted to direct current, concrete methods of realizing is such as
Under：
If the voltage for the alternating current that PZT (piezoelectric transducer) (1) generates is less than the maximum voltage of energy collection circuit (5) input terminal, and energy
The voltage difference measured between the maximum voltage and the rated voltage of the voltage-stabiliser tube (13) of collecting circuit (5) input terminal is more than 1V, then
Second switch circuit (1102) is connected, and voltage is input to energy collection circuit (5) via the first rectification circuit (11)；
If the voltage for the alternating current that PZT (piezoelectric transducer) (1) generates is more than the maximum voltage of energy collection circuit (5) input terminal and small
Rated voltage in the voltage-stabiliser tube (13), and the maximum voltage of energy collection circuit (5) input terminal and the voltage-stabiliser tube (13)
Rated voltage between voltage difference be less than 1V, then second switch circuit (1102) disconnect, voltage is via the second rectification circuit
(12) it is input to energy collection circuit (5)；
If the voltage for the alternating current that PZT (piezoelectric transducer) (1) generates is more than the maximum voltage of energy collection circuit (5) input terminal, and big
Rated voltage in the voltage-stabiliser tube (13), then second switch circuit (1102) disconnection, voltage is via the second rectification circuit (12)
It is input to energy collection circuit (5).
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