CN106592394A - Self-electricity-generation type road life detection wireless sensing system and detection method thereof - Google Patents
Self-electricity-generation type road life detection wireless sensing system and detection method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106592394A CN106592394A CN201611024963.0A CN201611024963A CN106592394A CN 106592394 A CN106592394 A CN 106592394A CN 201611024963 A CN201611024963 A CN 201611024963A CN 106592394 A CN106592394 A CN 106592394A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C23/00—Auxiliary devices or arrangements for constructing, repairing, reconditioning, or taking-up road or like surfaces
- E01C23/01—Devices or auxiliary means for setting-out or checking the configuration of new surfacing, e.g. templates, screed or reference line supports; Applications of apparatus for measuring, indicating, or recording the surface configuration of existing surfacing, e.g. profilographs
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
- E01F11/00—Road engineering aspects of Embedding pads or other sensitive devices in paving or other road surfaces, e.g. traffic detectors, vehicle-operated pressure-sensitive actuators, devices for monitoring atmospheric or road conditions
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
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- Testing Or Calibration Of Command Recording Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a self-electricity-generation type road life detection wireless sensing system and a detection method thereof. A piezoelectric transducer is buried under a road, so that when a vehicle travels on the road surface, a stress can be generated on the road surface; a road surface structure and the piezoelectric transducer can generate coordination deformation, and the relative displacement is generated between a positive charge center and a negative charge center in the piezoelectric transducer, so that polarization heterocharge is generated on the surface of the piezoelectric transducer, an electric potential difference is generated, and electric energy is generated to be supplied to a single-chip microcomputer, a sensor and an RFID label; and road data acquired by the sensor is utilized to accurately judge the life of the road, and the purpose of overhauling the road in advance is achieved. According to the self-electricity-generation type road life detection wireless sensing system disclosed by the invention, the dynamic strain detection and the data storage of the road surface structure can be continuously performed, the fatigue life prediction of the detected road surface is realized, the interference to traffic is reduced, the cost is reduced, the energy source losses are reduced, the problem of inaccuracy of road life prediction because in the past, the road structure cannot be monitored is solved, and effective and scientific decision support is provided for the road maintenance and the damage repairing.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs in road life detection process structure sheaf status information transmit-receive technology field, be related to road fortune
Road self-powered technology, micro-energy in battalion and maintenance processes is collected and administrative skill and ultrahigh frequency RFID Radio Transmission Technology pair
The detection of road structure internal information, more particularly to a kind of self-power generation type road life detection wireless sensing system and its detection side
Method.
Background technology
In order to prevent due to traffic accident caused by road-surface problem, China's road life is usually according to the road pavement time
Regularly renovating road, yet with reasons such as its vehicle flowrate, load-carryings, the service life of every highway is not quite similar length,
Some roads are big due to vehicle flowrate, and load-carrying is exceeded etc., and reason causes road life to reduce rapidly, so as to cause a large amount of traffic accidents
Generation, therefore detect road life be particularly important.Vehicle road pavement can produce stress, strain and vibrate, these energy
Eventually it is dispersed in the external world by way of heat energy.Therefore piezo-electric effect can be detected using these energy for road life
Electric energy is provided, and to promoting the green clean energy resource utilization of Construction of Highway Traffic field, environmental protection that there is important society's effect
Benefit.
The content of the invention
For above-mentioned problems of the prior art or defect, it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of self-power generation type
Road life detects wireless sensing system and its detection method, road life can be accurately judged, to reach the mesh for overhauling in advance
, prevent due to road life problem caused by traffic accident generation.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：
A kind of self-power generation type road life detects wireless sensing system, including PZT (piezoelectric transducer) and sensor, piezoelectric energy-conversion
Device is embedded in road lower section, PZT (piezoelectric transducer) connection rectification circuit, rectification circuit connection energy collection circuit, energy collection circuit
Single-chip microcomputer is connected by first switch circuit, the sensor connects single-chip microcomputer, and single-chip microcomputer is also connected with RIFD labels；It is described wireless
Sensor-based system also includes RFID reader, RFID reader connection PC；
When road of the vehicle above PZT (piezoelectric transducer), PZT (piezoelectric transducer) is used for the excitation for producing vehicle to road
Be converted to alternating current；
Rectification circuit is used to for the alternating current that PZT (piezoelectric transducer) is produced to be converted into direct current；
Energy collection circuit is used to for direct current to be converted into constant voltage；
First switch circuit is used to store electric energy, and tag-powered for single-chip microcomputer, sensor and RIFD；
The sensor is stored for gathering road data, and sending the road data for collecting to single-chip microcomputer；
Single-chip microcomputer is used to control the connection and disconnection of first switch circuit, controls the unlatching of sensor and RFID tag, and
Send the road data of storage to RIFD labels.
Specifically, the rectification circuit includes the first rectification circuit and the second rectification circuit, and the first rectification circuit includes the
One full-bridge rectifier and second switch circuit, the second rectification circuit includes step-down transformer and the second full-bridge rectifier；When second
When on-off circuit is turned on, the voltage that PZT (piezoelectric transducer) is produced is transported to energy via the first full-bridge rectifier and second switch circuit
Collecting circuit, when second switch circuit disconnects, the voltage that PZT (piezoelectric transducer) is produced is whole via step-down transformer and the second full-bridge
Stream device is transported to energy collection circuit.
Specifically, the second switch circuit includes voltage-stabiliser tube, the first PMOS, the second PMOS and NMOS tube, wherein,
The output end of voltage-stabiliser tube connects the source electrode of the second PMOS, and the drain electrode of the second PMOS connects the grid of NMOS tube, NMOS tube
Source electrode connects publicly, the grid of drain electrode first PMOS of connection of NMOS tube.
Specifically, the two ends of the PZT (piezoelectric transducer) connect respectively two input AC of first full-bridge rectifier,
The two ends of the PZT (piezoelectric transducer) are also connected with the input of the step-down transformer；The output plus terminal of first full-bridge rectifier
Connect the input of the source electrode, the grid of the second PMOS and voltage-stabiliser tube of the first PMOS；The public termination of voltage-stabiliser tube is publicly；
The output negative terminal of first full-bridge rectifier connects publicly；
Two output ends of the step-down transformer connect respectively two input AC of second full-bridge rectifier.
Specifically, the energy collection circuit adopts LTC3105 chips, and the single-chip microcomputer adopts MSF430F5529, described
Sensor adopts DS18B20, the RFID tag to adopt SL900A, the first switch circuit to include electric capacity C2, p-type field-effect
Pipe Q1 and N-type FET Q2；
The input VIN of the LTC3105 chips connects the drain electrode of the first PMOS and second full-bridge rectifier
Output plus terminal；
The automatically controlled end MPPC of power and LTC3105 chips of the output negative terminal connection LTC3105 chips of the second full-bridge rectifier
Earth terminal GND；
The positive pole and the source electrode of p-type FET Q1 of the output charging end VOUT connection electric capacity C2 of LTC3105 chips, electric capacity
The minus earth of C2, the grid of p-type FET Q1 connects the drain electrode of N-type FET Q2, and the grid of N-type FET Q2 connects
The I/O1 ports of single-chip microcomputer are connect, the source electrode of N-type FET Q2 connects publicly；
Output end LDO of LTC3105 chips connects input POWER, the drain electrode of p-type FET Q1 and the biography of single-chip microcomputer
The input VBAT of sensor；The power indication end PGOOD of LTC3105 chips connects the I/O3 ports of single-chip microcomputer, LTC3105 chips
Enable Pin SHDN connect single-chip microcomputer I/O2 ports；
The data terminal DO of sensor connects the I/O4 ports of single-chip microcomputer；
The data sending terminal DOUT of RFID tag connects the data receiver MISO of single-chip microcomputer, the data receiver of RFID tag
End DIN connects the data sending terminal MOSI of single-chip microcomputer, and the clock end SCLK of RFID tag connects the clock end CLK of single-chip microcomputer,
Enable Pin SEN of RFID tag connects Enable Pin SEN of single-chip microcomputer, and the negative terminal GND of RFID tag connects publicly, RFID tag
Input VBAT connect p-type FET Q1 drain electrode.
The method that wireless sensing system carries out road life detection is detected using described self-power generation type road life, including
Following steps：
Step 1, the embedded PZT (piezoelectric transducer) in road lower section, when road of the vehicle above PZT (piezoelectric transducer), vehicle pair
The excitation that road is produced, via PZT (piezoelectric transducer) alternating current is converted to；Alternating current is transported to rectification circuit by PZT (piezoelectric transducer), whole
Alternating current is converted to direct current by current circuit；Rectification circuit selects the first rectification circuit or the according to the voltage swing of alternating current
Alternating current is converted to direct current by two rectification circuits；Direct current is transported to energy collection circuit, collection of energy electricity by rectification circuit
Direct current is converted into constant voltage by road；
Constant current is transported to electric capacity C2 by step 2, main output end VOUT of energy collection circuit, is charged to electric capacity C2；
Meanwhile, auxiliary output end LDO of energy collection circuit is powered to single-chip microcomputer；
Step 3, single-chip microcomputer controls the unlatching of sensor and RFID tag according to the voltage swing at electric capacity C2 two ends, utilizes
Sensor gathers road data, and the road data for collecting is sent to single-chip microcomputer storage by sensor, and single-chip microcomputer is by road data
It is transferred to RFID tag；
Step 4, RFID tag by road data by wireless transmission in RFID reader, RFID reader
Road data is transferred to into PC；Road data of the operating personnel in PC is detected to road life.
Specifically, described step 3 is comprised the following steps：
Step 3.1, after auxiliary output end LDO of energy collection circuit is powered to single-chip microcomputer, single-chip microcomputer is initialized；
Step 3.2, the voltage swing at the I/O3 Port detecting electric capacity C2 two ends of single-chip microcomputer, judges whether voltage swing reaches
Whether the power indication end PGOOD of given threshold, i.e. energy collection circuit is high level, if voltage swing reaches threshold value, i.e. work(
Rate indication end PGOOD is high level, then open the I/O1 ports of single-chip microcomputer, and p-type FET Q1 and N-type FET Q2 leads
Logical, electric capacity C2 powers to single-chip microcomputer, sensor and RFID tag simultaneously；Sensor gathers road data, and by single-chip microcomputer
Road data is sent to single-chip microcomputer by I/O4 ports, and single-chip microcomputer is stored road data, execution step 3.3；If voltage is big
Little not up to given threshold, single-chip microcomputer self-inspection, detection its data whether there is mistake, if there is mistake, by single-chip microcomputer
I/O2 port open energy collection circuits Enable PinEnergy collection circuit is closed, if there is no mistake, step is returned
Rapid 3.1；
Whether step 3.3, single-chip microcomputer receives the activation command of RFID reader by MISO Port detectings RFID tag, such as
Fruit receives activation command, then the transmitting terminal MOSI of single-chip microcomputer is sent to the road data of its storage inside by receiving terminal DIN
RFID tag.
Further, the rectification circuit in the step 2 according to the voltage swing of alternating current select the first rectification circuit or
Alternating current is converted to direct current by the rectification circuit of person second, and concrete methods of realizing is as follows：
If the voltage of the alternating current that PZT (piezoelectric transducer) is produced is less than the maximum voltage of energy collection circuit input, and energy
Voltage difference between the rated voltage of the maximum voltage of collecting circuit input and the voltage-stabiliser tube is more than 1V, then second switch electricity
Road turns on, and voltage is input to energy collection circuit via the first rectification circuit；
If the voltage of the alternating current that PZT (piezoelectric transducer) is produced is more than the maximum voltage of energy collection circuit input and is less than
Between the rated voltage of the voltage-stabiliser tube, and the rated voltage of the maximum voltage of energy collection circuit input and the voltage-stabiliser tube
Voltage difference be less than 1V, then second switch circuit disconnects, and voltage is input to energy collection circuit via the second rectification circuit；
If the voltage of the alternating current that PZT (piezoelectric transducer) is produced is more than more than the maximum voltage of energy collection circuit input
The rated voltage of the voltage-stabiliser tube, then second switch circuit disconnection, voltage is input to collection of energy electricity via the second rectification circuit
Road.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following technique effect：
1st, the present invention fast and accurately can carry out continuous data detection to highways and streets etc., overcome traditional
The generation of traffic accident caused by the inaccuracy of road life Forecasting Methodology, is that road maintenance and injury repair are provided effectively
The decision support of science.
2nd, the sensor data acquisition of self power generation is realized, energy derives from vibrational energy of the automobile to road pressure, nothing
The consumption of the energy need to be greatly reduced by national grid road pavement sensor power.
Need to only detect that garage is walked when the 3rd, detecting surface conditions, without the need for close traffic, reduce the interference to traffic, the two of road surface
Secondary destruction etc., it is cost-effective, improve social benefit.
4th, can according to the volume of traffic, there is accident number etc. and compatibly arrange to detect vehicle, without regularly examining to road
Survey, both saved cost, road life situation can accurately be predicted again.
5th, by being embedded in road surface under RFID tag be wirelessly transferred, it is to avoid damage of the detection road information to road
It is bad, reduce the maintenance cost of detecting system itself.
6th, the first rectification circuit and the second rectification circuit are set, overcoming conventional high-low voltage cannot take into account asking for collection
Topic so that road surface energy collecting device both can collect the height that PZT (piezoelectric transducer) is produced when truck is passed through by step-down transformer
Voltage, it is also possible to collect the low-voltage of car generation, greatly improve efficiency of energy collection.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the connection block diagram that the self-power generation type road life of the present invention detects wireless sensing system；
Fig. 2 is the self-power generation type road life detection wireless sensing system circuit structure diagram of the present invention；
The implication of each label in figure：1-PZT (piezoelectric transducer), 2-road, 3-sensor, 4-rectification circuit, 5-energy
Amount collecting circuit, 6-single-chip microcomputer, 7-RFID tag, 8-RFID reader, 9-PC, 10-first switch circuit, 11-
First rectification circuit, the 1101-the first full-bridge rectifier, 1102-second switch circuit, the 12-the second rectification circuit, 1201-
Step-down transformer, the 1202-the second full-bridge rectifier, 13-voltage-stabiliser tube, the 14-the first PMOS, the 15-the second PMOS, 16-
NMOS tube.
The solution of the present invention is made with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description explain in further detail and explanation.
Specific embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the self-power generation type road life detection wireless sensing system of the present invention, including PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 1
With sensor 2, PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 1 is embedded in the lower section of road 2, the connection rectification circuit 4 of PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 1, the connection energy of rectification circuit 4
Amount collecting circuit 5, energy collection circuit 5 connects single-chip microcomputer 6, the connection single-chip microcomputer of the sensor 3 by first switch circuit 10
6, single-chip microcomputer 6 is also connected with RIFD labels 7；The wireless sensing system also includes RFID reader 8, the connection PC of RFID reader 8
Machine 9.
When road 2 of the vehicle through the top of PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 1, PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 1 is used for produce vehicle to road 2
Excitation is converted to alternating current；Rectification circuit 4 is used to for the alternating current that PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 1 is produced to be converted into direct current；Collection of energy
Circuit 5 is used to for direct current to be converted into constant voltage；First switch circuit 10 is used to store electric energy, and for single-chip microcomputer 6, sensor
3 and RIFD labels 7 are powered；The sensor 3 is used to gather road data, and sends the road data for collecting to single-chip microcomputer
6 are stored；Single-chip microcomputer 6 is used to control the connection and disconnection of first switch circuit 10, controls sensor 3 and RFID tag 7
Open, and send the road data of storage to RIFD labels 7；RIFD labels 7 are wirelessly transferred to road data
RFID reader 8, and store in PC 9.
The self start type road life detection wireless sensing system of the present invention, by burying PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 1 below road,
Vehicle meeting road pavement when road surface produces stress, and pavement structure can produce cooperative transformation, PZT (piezoelectric transducer) with PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 1
There is relative displacement in the positive and negative charge center inside 1, cause occur contrary sign polarization charge on its surface, and then produce electrical potential difference,
So as to produce electric energy with supply microcontroller 6, sensor 3 and RFID tag 7, the road data collected using sensor 3 is accurate
The life-span of road is judged, to reach the purpose for overhauling road in advance.
PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 1 in the present invention can will be converted into electric energy from automobile to the vibrational energy of road pressure,
So that the system of the present invention need not greatly reduce the consumption of the energy by national grid road pavement sensor power；Meanwhile, adopt
Highways and streets etc. fast and accurately can be carried out by the mode combined with single-chip microcomputer 6, sensor 3 and RFID tag 7
Continuous data detection, overcomes the generation of traffic accident caused by the inaccuracy of traditional road life Forecasting Methodology, is
Road conserves and injury repair provides the decision support of effective science；Wirelessly passed using the RFID tag 7 being embedded under road surface
It is defeated, it is to avoid damage of the detection road information to road, reduce the maintenance cost of detecting system itself.
The sensor 3 can adopt temperature sensor or pressure sensor etc., and the road data for collecting is temperature number
According to or pressure data.
The rectification circuit 4 includes the first rectification circuit 11 and the second rectification circuit 12, and the first rectification circuit 11 includes the
One full-bridge rectifier 1101 and second switch circuit 1102, the second rectification circuit 12 includes the full-bridge of step-down transformer 1201 and second
Rectifier 1202；When second switch circuit 1102 is turned on, the voltage that PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 1 is produced is via the first full-bridge rectifier
1101 and second switch circuit 1102 be transported to energy collection circuit 5, when second switch circuit 1102 disconnects, PZT (piezoelectric transducer)
1 voltage for producing is transported to energy collection circuit 5 via the full-bridge rectifier 1202 of step-down transformer 1201 and second.
The present invention arranges the first rectification circuit and the second rectification circuit, when the voltage that PZT (piezoelectric transducer) is produced is less, electricity
The pressure rectification circuits of Jing first are transported to energy collection circuit, when the voltage produced when PZT (piezoelectric transducer) is larger, voltage Jing second
Rectification circuit is transported to energy collection circuit, and overcoming conventional high-low voltage cannot take into account the problem of collection so that road surface energy
Collection device both can collect the high voltage that PZT (piezoelectric transducer) is produced when truck is passed through by step-down transformer, it is also possible to collect
The low-voltage that car is produced, greatly improves efficiency of energy collection.
In order to realize that above-mentioned voltage swing controls break-make this purpose of second switch circuit, the second switch circuit
1102 include voltage-stabiliser tube 13, the first PMOS 14, the second PMOS 15 and NMOS tube 16, wherein, the output end of voltage-stabiliser tube 13 connects
The source electrode of the second PMOS 15 is connect, the grid of the drain electrode connection NMOS tube 16 of the second PMOS 15, the source electrode of NMOS tube 16 connects public affairs
Altogether, the grid of drain electrode first PMOS 14 of connection of NMOS tube 16.
The two ends of the PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 1 connect respectively two input AC of first full-bridge rectifier 1101, institute
The two ends for stating PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 1 are also connected with the input of the step-down transformer 1201；First full-bridge rectifier 1101
Output plus terminal connects the input of the source electrode, the grid of the second PMOS 15 and voltage-stabiliser tube 13 of the first PMOS 14；Voltage-stabiliser tube 13
Public termination publicly；The output negative terminal of first full-bridge rectifier 1101 connects publicly；The step-down transformer 1201
Two output ends connect two input AC of second full-bridge rectifier 1202 respectively.
The energy collection circuit 5 adopts LTC3105 chips, the single-chip microcomputer 6 to adopt MSF430F5529, the sensing
Device 3 adopts DS18B20, the RFID tag 7 to adopt SL900A, the first switch circuit 10 to include electric capacity C2, p-type field-effect
Pipe Q1 and N-type FET Q2；PZT (piezoelectric transducer) adopts PZT type piezoelectric patches.
Wherein, the drain electrode of input VIN first PMOSs 14 of connection of the LTC3105 chips and second full-bridge are whole
The output plus terminal of stream device 1202；The output negative terminal of the second full-bridge rectifier 1202 connects the automatically controlled end of power of LTC3105 chips
The earth terminal GND of MPPC and LTC3105 chips；
The positive pole and the source electrode of p-type FET Q1 of the output charging end VOUT connection electric capacity C2 of LTC3105 chips, electric capacity
The minus earth of C2, the grid of p-type FET Q1 connects the drain electrode of N-type FET Q2, and the grid of N-type FET Q2 connects
The I/O1 ports of single-chip microcomputer are connect, the source electrode of N-type FET Q2 connects publicly；
The output end LDO connection input POWER of single-chip microcomputer 6 of LTC3105 chips, the drain electrode of p-type FET Q1 and
The input VBAT of sensor 3；The power indication end PGOOD of LTC3105 chips connects the I/O3 ports of single-chip microcomputer 6, LTC3105
The Enable Pin of chipThe I/O2 ports of connection single-chip microcomputer 6；
The data terminal DO of sensor 3 connects the I/O4 ports of single-chip microcomputer 6；
The data sending terminal DOUT of RFID tag 7 connects the data receiver MISO of single-chip microcomputer 6, the data of RFID tag 7
Receiving terminal DIN connects the data sending terminal MOSI of single-chip microcomputer 6, and the clock end SCLK of RFID tag 7 connects the clock end of single-chip microcomputer
CLK, Enable Pin SEN of RFID tag 7 connects Enable Pin SEN of single-chip microcomputer 6, and the negative terminal GND of RFID tag 7 connects publicly,
The input VBAT of RFID tag 7 connects the drain electrode of p-type FET Q1.
The input terminal voltage of LTC3105 chips is 0.5V-5V, therefore the voltage-stabiliser tube 13 from 6V carrys out controlling switch circuit
Break-make.
The method that the utilization self-power generation type road life detection wireless sensing system of the present invention carries out road life detection, bag
Include following steps：
Step 1, the embedded PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 1 in road lower section, when road 2 of the vehicle through the top of PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 1, vehicle
The excitation produced to road 2, via PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 1 alternating current is converted to；Alternating current is transported to rectified current by PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 1
Road 4, rectification circuit 4 selects the first rectification circuit 11 or the second rectification circuit 12 by alternating current according to the voltage swing of alternating current
Be converted to direct current；Direct current is transported to energy collection circuit 5 by rectification circuit 4, and energy collection circuit 5 is converted in direct current
Constant voltage；
Wherein, rectification circuit 4 will according to the voltage swing of alternating current the first rectification circuit of selection or the second rectification circuit
Alternating current is converted to direct current, and specific implementation is as follows：
If the alternating current that PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 1 is produced is less than 5V, voltage is transferred to the by the first full-bridge rectifier 1101
The grid of two PMOSs 15 and the input of voltage-stabiliser tube 13, then the source voltage of the second PMOS 15 is the output end of voltage-stabiliser tube 13 electricity
Pressure 6V, grid is input voltage, and source voltage is more than grid voltage and the voltage difference of grid voltage and source voltage is more than 1V, reaches
To the conducting voltage (typically about 1V) between grid and source electrode, then the second PMOS 15 enters conducting state by cut-off state, now
The source electrode of the second PMOS 15 and drain electrode conducting, the grid voltage of NMOS tube 16 also rises to conducting voltage, and NMOS tube 16 is turned on
While also make the grid and source voltage difference of the first PMOS 14 reach conducting voltage, the first PMOS 14 is also switched on, second
On-off circuit 1102 is conducting state, so that input voltage is transferred to the input of energy collection circuit 5；
If input voltage is between 5V to 6V, the source voltage of the second PMOS 15 is the output end voltage of voltage-stabiliser tube 13
6V, grid is input voltage, and source voltage is more than grid voltage, but the voltage difference of grid voltage and source voltage is less than 1V, the
Two PMOSs 15 are in cut-off state, and second switch circuit 1102 is off-state, and voltage is reduced through step-down transformer 1201
The input of energy collection circuit 5 is transferred to after voltage through the second full-bridge rectifier 1202；
If input voltage is more than 6V, the source voltage of the second PMOS 15 is voltage-stabiliser tube output end voltage 6V, and grid is
Input voltage, source voltage is less than grid voltage, and the second PMOS 15 is in cut-off state, and second switch circuit 1102 is disconnection
State, voltage is transferred to energy collection circuit after step-down transformer 1201 reduces voltage through the second full-bridge rectifier 1202
5 input.
Constant current is transported to electric capacity C2 by step 2, main output end VOUT of energy collection circuit 5, is charged to electric capacity C2；
Meanwhile, auxiliary output end LDO of energy collection circuit 5 is powered to single-chip microcomputer；
Step 3, single-chip microcomputer 6 controls the unlatching of sensor 3 and RFID tag 7, profit according to the voltage swing at electric capacity C2 two ends
Road data is gathered with sensor 3, the road data for collecting is sent to single-chip microcomputer 6 and stored by sensor 3, single-chip microcomputer 6 is by road
Circuit-switched data is transferred to RFID tag 7；Specifically include following steps：
Step 3.1, after auxiliary output end LDO of energy collection circuit 5 is to the power supply of single-chip microcomputer 6, single-chip microcomputer 6 is initialized；
Step 3.2, the voltage swing at the I/O3 Port detecting electric capacity C2 two ends of single-chip microcomputer 6, judges whether voltage swing reaches
Whether the power indication end PGOOD to given threshold, i.e. energy collection circuit 5 is high level, if voltage swing reaches threshold value, i.e.,
Power indication end PGOOD is high level, then open the I/O1 ports of single-chip microcomputer 6, p-type FET Q1 and N-type FET Q2
Conducting, electric capacity C2 powers to single-chip microcomputer 6, sensor 3 and RFID tag 7 simultaneously；Sensor 3 gathers road data, and by list
Road data is sent to single-chip microcomputer 6 by the I/O4 ports of piece machine 6, and single-chip microcomputer 6 is stored road data, execution step 3.3；
If voltage swing is not up to given threshold, the self-inspection of single-chip microcomputer 6, detection its data whether there is mistake, if there is mistake, lead to
Cross the Enable Pin of the I/O2 port opens energy collection circuit 5 of single-chip microcomputer 6Energy collection circuit 5 is closed, if not existing
Mistake, return to step 3.1；
Whether step 3.3, single-chip microcomputer 6 receives the activation life of RFID reader 8 by MISO Port detectings RFID tag 7
Order, if receiving activation command, the road data of its storage inside is passed through receiving terminal DIN by the transmitting terminal MOSI of single-chip microcomputer 6
It is sent to RFID tag 7.
Road data is passed through wireless transmission in RFID reader 8 by step 4, RFID tag 7, and RFID reads
Road data is transferred to PC 9 by device 8；Road data of the operating personnel in PC 9 is detected to road life.
The method of the road life detection of the present invention can be carried out continuously the dynamic strain detection and data storage of pavement structure
Deposit, realize the fatigue life prediction to detecting road surface, reduce the interference to traffic, it is cost-effective, energy loss is reduced, solve
The inaccuracy that road structure is predicted road life can not be monitored in the past, and for road maintenance and injury repair effective section was provided
Decision support.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of self-power generation type road life detects wireless sensing system, including PZT (piezoelectric transducer) (1) and sensor (3), piezoelectricity
Transducer (1) is embedded in road (2) lower section, it is characterised in that PZT (piezoelectric transducer) (1) connection rectification circuit (4), rectification circuit
(4) energy collection circuit (5) is connected, energy collection circuit (5) connects single-chip microcomputer (6) by first switch circuit (10), described
Sensor (3) connection single-chip microcomputer (6), single-chip microcomputer (6) is also connected with RIFD labels (7)；The wireless sensing system also includes RFID
Reader (8), RFID reader (8) connection PC (9)；
When road (2) of the vehicle above PZT (piezoelectric transducer) (1), PZT (piezoelectric transducer) (1) is for vehicle to be produced to road
Excitation be converted to alternating current；
Rectification circuit (4) by the alternating current that PZT (piezoelectric transducer) (1) is produced for being converted into direct current；
Energy collection circuit (5) by direct current for being converted into constant voltage；
First switch circuit (10) is powered for storing electric energy for single-chip microcomputer (6), sensor (3) and RIFD labels (7)；
The sensor (3) is deposited for gathering road data, and sending the road data for collecting to single-chip microcomputer (6)
Storage；
Single-chip microcomputer (6) is for controlling the connection and disconnection of first switch circuit (10), control sensor (3) and RFID tag (7)
Unlatching, and send the road data of storage to RIFD labels (7).
2. self-power generation type road life as claimed in claim 1 detects wireless sensing system, it is characterised in that the rectified current
Road (4) includes the first rectification circuit (11) and the second rectification circuit (12), and the first rectification circuit (11) is including the first full-bridge rectification
Device (1101) and second switch circuit (1102), the second rectification circuit (12) is whole including step-down transformer (1201) and the second full-bridge
Stream device (1202)；When second switch circuit (1102) is turned on, the voltage that PZT (piezoelectric transducer) (1) is produced is via the first full-bridge rectification
Device (1101) and second switch circuit (1102) are transported to energy collection circuit (5), when second switch circuit (1102) disconnects,
The voltage that PZT (piezoelectric transducer) (1) is produced is transported to energy and receives via step-down transformer (1201) and the second full-bridge rectifier (1202)
Collector (5).
3. self-power generation type road life as claimed in claim 2 detects wireless sensing system, it is characterised in that described second opens
Powered-down road (1102) includes voltage-stabiliser tube (13), the first PMOS (14), the second PMOS (15) and NMOS tube (16), wherein, surely
The output end of pressure pipe (13) connects the source electrode of the second PMOS (15), drain electrode connection NMOS tube (16) of the second PMOS (15)
Grid, the source electrode of NMOS tube (16) connects publicly, and the drain electrode of NMOS tube (16) connects the grid of the first PMOS (14).
4. self-power generation type road life as claimed in claim 3 detects wireless sensing system, it is characterised in that the piezoelectricity is changed
The two ends of energy device (1) connect respectively two input AC of first full-bridge rectifier (1101), the PZT (piezoelectric transducer) (1)
Two ends be also connected with the input of the step-down transformer (1201)；The output plus terminal of first full-bridge rectifier (1101) connects
Connect the input of the source electrode, the grid of the second PMOS (15) and voltage-stabiliser tube (13) of the first PMOS (14)；Voltage-stabiliser tube (13)
Public termination is publicly；The output negative terminal of first full-bridge rectifier (1101) connects publicly；
Two output ends of the step-down transformer (1201) connect second full-bridge rectifier (1202) respectively two are defeated
Enter to hold AC.
5. self-power generation type road life as claimed in claim 4 detects wireless sensing system, and the energy collection circuit (5) is adopted
LTC3105 chips, the single-chip microcomputer (6) is used to adopt MSF430F5529, the sensor (3) to adopt DS18B20, the RFID
Label (7) adopts SL900A, and the first switch circuit (10) is including electric capacity C2, p-type FET Q1 and N-type FET
Q2；
The input VIN of the LTC3105 chips connects the drain electrode of the first PMOS (14) and second full-bridge rectifier
(1202) output plus terminal；
The automatically controlled end MPPC of power and LTC3105 cores of the output negative terminal connection LTC3105 chips of the second full-bridge rectifier (1202)
The earth terminal GND of piece；
The positive pole and the source electrode of p-type FET Q1 of the output charging end VOUT connection electric capacity C2 of LTC3105 chips, electric capacity C2's
Minus earth, the grid of p-type FET Q1 connects the drain electrode of N-type FET Q2, and the grid connection of N-type FET Q2 is single
The I/O1 ports of piece machine, the source electrode of N-type FET Q2 connects publicly；
Output end LDO of LTC3105 chips connects input POWER, the drain electrode of p-type FET Q1 and the biography of single-chip microcomputer (6)
The input VBAT of sensor (3)；The I/O3 ports of power indication end PGOOD connections single-chip microcomputer (6) of LTC3105 chips,
The Enable Pin of LTC3105 chipsThe I/O2 ports of connection single-chip microcomputer (6)；
The I/O4 ports of data terminal DO connections single-chip microcomputer (6) of sensor (3)；
The data receiver MISO of data sending terminal DOUT connections single-chip microcomputer (6) of RFID tag (7), the number of RFID tag (7)
Connect the data sending terminal MOSI of single-chip microcomputer (6), clock end SCLK connections single-chip microcomputer (6) of RFID tag (7) according to receiving terminal DIN
Clock end CLK, RFID tag (7) Enable Pin SEN connection single-chip microcomputer (6) Enable Pin SEN, the negative terminal of RFID tag (7)
GND connects publicly, and the input VBAT of RFID tag (7) connects the drain electrode of p-type FET Q1.
6. the self-power generation type road life detection wireless sensing system described in a kind of application claim 5 carries out road life detection
Method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1, the embedded PZT (piezoelectric transducer) (1) in road (2) lower section, when road (2) of the vehicle above PZT (piezoelectric transducer) (1)
When, the excitation that vehicle is produced to road (2) is converted to alternating current via PZT (piezoelectric transducer) (1)；PZT (piezoelectric transducer) (1) will be exchanged
Electricity is transported to rectification circuit (4), and alternating current is converted to direct current by rectification circuit (4)；Electricity of the rectification circuit (4) according to alternating current
Pressure size selects the first rectification circuit (11) or the second rectification circuit (12) that alternating current is converted to into direct current；Rectification circuit
(4) direct current is transported to into energy collection circuit (5), direct current is converted into constant voltage by energy collection circuit (5)；
Constant current is transported to electric capacity C2 by step 2, main output end VOUT of energy collection circuit (5), is charged to electric capacity C2；Together
When, auxiliary output end LDO of energy collection circuit (5) is powered to single-chip microcomputer (6)；
Step 3, single-chip microcomputer (6) controls the unlatching of sensor (3) and RFID tag (7) according to the voltage swing at electric capacity C2 two ends,
Road data is gathered using sensor (3), the road data for collecting is sent to single-chip microcomputer (6) storage, monolithic by sensor (3)
Road data is transferred to RFID tag (7) by machine (6)；
Road data is passed through wireless transmission in RFID reader (8) by step 4, RFID tag (7), and RFID reads
Road data is transferred to PC (9) by device (8)；Road data of the operating personnel in PC (9) is examined to road life
Survey.
7. the self-power generation type road life detection wireless sensing system using described in claim 5 as claimed in claim 6 enters
The method of trade road life tests, it is characterised in that described step 3 is comprised the following steps：
Step 3.1, after auxiliary output end LDO of energy collection circuit (5) is to single-chip microcomputer (6) power supply, single-chip microcomputer (6) is carried out initially
Change；
Step 3.2, the voltage swing at the I/O3 Port detecting electric capacity C2 two ends of single-chip microcomputer (6), judges whether voltage swing reaches
Whether the power indication end PGOOD of given threshold, i.e. energy collection circuit (5) is high level, if voltage swing reaches threshold value, i.e.,
Power indication end PGOOD is high level, then open the I/O1 ports of single-chip microcomputer (6), p-type FET Q1 and N-type FET
Q2 is turned on, and electric capacity C2 gives the power supply of single-chip microcomputer (6), sensor (3) and RFID tag (7) simultaneously；Sensor (3) gathers road way
According to, and road data is sent to by single-chip microcomputer (6) by the I/O4 ports of single-chip microcomputer (6), single-chip microcomputer (6) carries out road data
Storage, execution step 3.3；If voltage swing is not up to given threshold, single-chip microcomputer (6) self-inspection, detection its data whether there is
Mistake, if there is mistake, by the Enable Pin of I/O2 port open energy collection circuits (5) of single-chip microcomputer (6)Close
Energy collection circuit (5) is closed, if there is no mistake, return to step 3.1；
Whether step 3.3, single-chip microcomputer (6) receives the activation life of RFID reader (8) by MISO Port detecting RFID tags (7)
Order, if receiving activation command, the road data of its storage inside is passed through receiving terminal by the transmitting terminal MOSI of single-chip microcomputer (6)
DIN is sent to RFID tag (7).
8. the self-power generation type road life detection wireless sensing system using described in claim 5 as claimed in claim 6 enters
The method of trade road life tests, it is characterised in that voltage swing of the rectification circuit (4) in the step 2 according to alternating current
Select the first rectification circuit (11) or the second rectification circuit (12) that alternating current is converted to into direct current, concrete methods of realizing is such as
Under：
If the voltage of the alternating current that PZT (piezoelectric transducer) (1) is produced is less than the maximum voltage of energy collection circuit (5) input, and energy
Voltage difference between the maximum voltage and the rated voltage of the voltage-stabiliser tube (13) of amount collecting circuit (5) input is more than 1V, then
Second switch circuit (1102) is turned on, and voltage is input to energy collection circuit (5) via the first rectification circuit (11)；
If the voltage of the alternating current that PZT (piezoelectric transducer) (1) is produced is more than the maximum voltage of energy collection circuit (5) input and little
In the rated voltage of the voltage-stabiliser tube (13), and the maximum voltage of energy collection circuit (5) input and the voltage-stabiliser tube (13)
Rated voltage between voltage difference be less than 1V, then second switch circuit (1102) disconnect, voltage is via the second rectification circuit
(12) it is input to energy collection circuit (5)；
If the voltage of the alternating current that PZT (piezoelectric transducer) (1) is produced is more than the maximum voltage of energy collection circuit (5) input, and greatly
In the rated voltage of the voltage-stabiliser tube (13), then second switch circuit (1102) disconnection, voltage is via the second rectification circuit (12)
It is input to energy collection circuit (5).
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