CN103196161A

CN103196161A - Heating boiler

Info

Publication number: CN103196161A
Application number: CN2012102910892A
Authority: CN
Inventors: Z·O·萨瑞姆萨克夫; T·B·特苏努夫
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2012-01-09
Filing date: 2012-12-24
Publication date: 2013-07-10
Anticipated expiration: 2032-12-24
Also published as: EP2860468B1; EA020432B1; CN103196161B; EP2860468A4; EA201200425A1; WO2013105839A2; WO2013105839A3; UA103957C2; EP2860468A2

Abstract

The invention relates to a design for solid fuel boilers for heating domestic and industrial premises with the possibility of utilizing carbon-containing waste. The invention addresses the technical problem of improving performance indicators by increasing fuel combustion efficiency. The problem of interest is solved in that the heating boiler comprises a burner, the combustion chamber of which contains an afterburn chamber in the form of a horizontal cylindrical closed-end tube with openings in the surface thereof, and an ash box, which are connected to a source for the forced supply of an oxidizing agent, as well as a heat exchanger and a smoke exhaust pipe, which are interconnected by gas flue channels. The afterburn chamber has longitudinal inclined fins on the lateral surface thereof with openings therebetween and is provided with a reaction chamber in the form of a cylinder with openings in the lateral surface, which is disposed inside the afterburn chamber coaxially therewith and with an annular gap between the cylinders, said annular gap being associated with a channel for the forced supply of an oxidizing agent, wherein the reaction chamber is connected to the heat exchanger via a catalyst situated in the free end of the reaction chamber. The directrices of the cylindrical pipe of the afterburn chamber and of the reaction chamber are in the form of ovals, the major axes of which are perpendicular to the base of the combustion chamber.

Description

Heating boiler

Technical field

The present invention is the design of solid fuel cooker that living space and industrial space are heated, and it can effectively utilize waste materials containing carbon.

Background technology

The known catalyst furnace that smoulder arranged (F23B10/00,2008 open for No. the 319909th, Russian Federation's letters patent, F24H1/46), it is made up of combustion chamber and the band wicket that arranges below the combustion chamber and the ashcan of fire grate.Around boiler, comprise the inboard vertical straight line convection tube of installing.On top, combustion chamber dividing plate is arranged, be separated into afterbunring device and heat-exchanging chamber.The afterbunring device is by forming with the lower part, a fuselage, and place, fuselage slit embeds two catalyst crystal lattice, is the nozzle of feeding secondary air between two lattices.The conveying capacity of auxiliary air is controlled by bimetallic flap valve.Hot flue gas is sent to thermostat chamber from heat-exchanging chamber.Flue connects combustion chamber and thermostat chamber.Its technique effect is: the afterbunring situation of waste gas improves, and the security of device is improved.

But it is lower that the weak point of above-mentioned boiler is operating efficiency, this is to carry out afterbunring owing to waste gas when auxiliary air is transported to the combustion zone on top, combustion chamber is spontaneous, and the oxygen that does not have regulation can adjust auxiliary air in structure is carried the proportionate relationship with formed gas.Isolate a large amount of flue gases when temperature raises in boiler, the completing combustion of these flue gases needs a large amount of oxygen, and nozzle can only make air in certain amount pass through, so the flue gas that enters in the atmosphere does not burnout, has reduced service index.

Be elected to be stove, wireway and heat exchanger (No. the 408822nd, Russian Federation's letters patent of prototype, F24B5/02,2011 are open), comprise combustion chamber, after-burner, the heat exchanger that has ashcan and remove smoke pipe that each several part links to each other with flue each other.After-burner is arranged in burner hearth, is the cylindrical tube of horizontal positioned, is equipped with eddy current shaper and the wireway of pipeline as a supplement, distributes along the after-burner pipe axis.Be furnished with foliated vertical notch of formation near the afterbunring pipe of burner hearth antetheca, the eddy current shaper is the bent blades shape, and the end of pipe hole clogs.

The weak point of selected original shape stove, wireway and heat exchanger is, because the ratio instability of the hot gas that discharges and the air of conveying, and the gas forming process depends on combustion chamber temperature, this temperature also is unfixed, thereby cause fuel fully not burn, thereby operating efficiency is lower.The air quantity that at the uniform velocity enters and the reaction speed of fuel combustion are disproportionate, and consequence is to cause oxygen to lack or surplus, cause to be difficult to control, and destroy the ratio of fuel and air.If the conveying capacity of primary air in the raising fire grate, then the reactive air pressure of fuel particle gravity will be impacted the fuel particle on the lattice, fuel particle will be suspended in the ascending air, will enlarge burning zone thickness, perhaps owing to the strong eddy current that forms it can't be burnt from indoor blowing out.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem of solution required for the present invention is to improve service index by the adequacy that improves fuel combustion.

This technical problem solves by the following method: a heating boiler is provided, and it comprises a burner hearth, the ashcan, heat exchanger and the chimney that are connected with the forced conveyance oxidizer source, and each several part connects with flue each other; Wherein, be provided with an after-burner in the combustion chamber of this burner hearth, this after-burner is made of the cylindrical tube of a horizontal positioned, and it has plug and the surface is porose; The after-burner side is provided with fore-and-aft tilt face, hole is arranged between the inclined plane, also be provided with side cylindrical body with holes as reative cell, reative cell is with the coaxial placement of after-burner and leave the annular gap, this annular gap links to each other with the pipeline of forced conveyance oxidant, and reative cell is connected with heat exchanger by the catalyst of placing at its free end.

The cross section of the cylindrical tube of after-burner and reative cell is oval-shaped, and its major axis and bottom surface, combustion chamber are vertically disposed.

The after-burner side has between fore-and-aft tilt face and the inclined plane hole, be equipped with side cylindrical body with holes as reative cell, coaxial installation also has the annular gap, the annular gap links to each other with the pipeline of forced conveyance oxidant, make the different gas formation stages go up fuel combustion and have the heterogeneous body effect, create the condition of the flue gas afterbunring in the eddy current, the uniformity that makes the high temperature in the stove can keep balance and stability and keep thermal process.This situation is that the content of volatile materials and solid carbon is than fixing, because component of interaction is in the different polymerization states in the solid fuel because combustion process is to concentrate under the situation that heats and burnout at solid fuel to take place.In this case, the volatile substance of various compositions has different discharge temperatures, its discharge process time lengthening, so terminal stage combines with burning in the reative cell, and the hole by after-burner and reative cell side enters.In a word, the carbon that reacts conforms to the oxidant quantity of conveying always, and the combustion process of pure carbon in reative cell will be adjusted automatically, impel fuel completing combustion.When the oxidant consumption amount immobilized, the amount of fuel of consumption depended on the aerodynamics reaction effect in the after-burner.Thermic load changes according to the control of importing oxidant (importing oxidant in ashcan) in after-burner simultaneously.

Reative cell is communicated with heat exchanger by the catalyst of placing at its free end, this catalyst can catch resin particle and the solid particles of various burnings, reduce the toxicity of discharging gas greatly, improve ecological index, because the catalyst in the heterogeneous catalysis prevents cohesion or the sintering of active component in advance, can keep the large tracts of land of active material and reagent to contact.

The cross section of the cylindrical tube of after-burner and reative cell is oval-shaped, its major axis is vertical with the bottom surface, combustion chamber, this can concentrate the infra-red radiation from sidewall, improve the gasification of solid fuel, improve oxidant and fuel carbon interactional stability at high temperature, and therefore improve burning of coal efficient, thereby improve the efficient of boiler on the whole.

Description of drawings

With reference to the accompanying drawings to the heating boiler explanation, wherein:

Fig. 1 is the section full view of an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the partial enlarged drawing at the B place of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 be Fig. 1 at the A-A face, i.e. the cutaway view of after-burner section.

The specific embodiment

Referring to figs. 1 through 3, heating boiler comprises a burner hearth, and this burner hearth comprises the ashcan 5 of combustion chamber 1, fire grate 4 and the band hermatic door 6 of the charging hatch 2 that has sealing and wicket 3.Be provided with after-burner 7 in the combustion chamber 1 on wicket 3 horizontal lines.After-burner 7 is cylindrical tube 8 of a horizontal positioned, and there is fore-and-aft tilt face 9 side.Between the inclined plane 9 on the pipe 8, hole 10 is arranged.The coaxial reative cell 12 that is placed with in band shape gap 11 in pipe 8, the reative cell sidewall is the cylindrical body 13 that a side has hole 14.Annular gap 11 is by pipeline 15 and oxidant forced conveyance source, and namely fan 16, are connected.Fan 16 also links to each other with ashcan 5 by pipeline 17.The free end of cylindrical body 13 sidewalls of reative cell 12 is by catalyst 18, oxide carrier (SiO2, Al2O3 and SiC) for example, and the heat exchanger 19 that flue 20 is housed with the top links to each other.

Heating boiler is according to following manner work: place and firing combustibles matter, i.e. firewoods by the wicket 3 on the fire grate 4 in combustion chamber 1.Carry the quantitative coal of different component by the charging hatch 2 of burning zone.After firewood is lighted and quantitatively filled coal, start fan 16, by

pipeline

15 and 17 with oxidant, i.e. air, force feed is gone in annular gap 11 and the ashcan 5 respectively.The oxidant that comes out from ashcan 5 directly enters into the burning zone scope through fire grate 4, accelerates the combustion process of coal and the speed that pyrolysis gas enters combustion chamber 1.In combustion chamber 1, carry out the deep decomposition of coal organic matter, be decomposed into solid-state and gaseous component.The gas of heat-treating enters into annular gap 11 by hole 10, carries out combustion reaction fast here and enters into reative cell 12 by hole 14.In reative cell 12, owing to the high-intensity red external radiation from the oval-shaped profile sidewall, can make its temperature be elevated to the optimum speed that guarantees smoke combustion.Hot gas passes through for example oxide carrier (SiO2 of catalyst 18, Al2O3 and SiC) the final decomposition reaction of hydrocarbon takes place, finish combustion process, be included in the exit and form hot-fluid, hot-fluid is through over-heat-exchanger 19 and carry out intensive heat radiation here, is discharged in the external environment condition by flue 20 again.

The fuel that is filled in the combustion chamber 1 can not need extra connecting gear in this case along with burning owing to himself weight precipitates.

The heating boiler that the application proposes has higher efficient, meets ecological and security against fire requirement, and is easy to operate.Produce production piece and carried out determining effective coefficient determination and the thermodynamic test that allows to be discharged into the Cmax of the pernicious gas in the atmosphere.

Claims

1. heating boiler, it comprise burner hearth, with ashcan, heat exchanger and chimney that forced conveyance oxidant source is connected, each several part connects with flue each other; Wherein, be provided with an after-burner in the combustion chamber of burner hearth, after-burner is formed by the cylindrical tube of a horizontal positioned, this cylindrical tube one end stops up and is surperficial porose, and it is characterized in that: the after-burner side has fore-and-aft tilt face, and hole is arranged between the inclined plane, be equipped with side cylindrical body with holes as reative cell, coaxial placement also has the annular gap, and the annular gap links to each other with the pipeline of forced conveyance oxidant, and reative cell is connected with heat exchanger by the catalyst of placing at its free end.

2. heating boiler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the interface of the cylindrical tube of after-burner and reative cell is oval-shaped, and both major axis and bottom surface, combustion chamber are vertically disposed.