CN103154589A - 多层增强的聚合物管道以及用于输送水的管道系统 - Google Patents

多层增强的聚合物管道以及用于输送水的管道系统 Download PDF

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CN103154589A
CN103154589A CN2011800440985A CN201180044098A CN103154589A CN 103154589 A CN103154589 A CN 103154589A CN 2011800440985 A CN2011800440985 A CN 2011800440985A CN 201180044098 A CN201180044098 A CN 201180044098A CN 103154589 A CN103154589 A CN 103154589A
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米龙·伊萨科维奇·戈里洛夫斯基
弗拉基米尔·瓦西里耶维奇·施瓦鲍尔
亚历山大·尤里耶维奇·施梅列夫
弗拉迪斯拉夫·维塔利耶维奇·科夫里加
谢尔盖·瓦西里耶维奇·萨莫伊洛夫
伊戈尔·瓦西里耶维奇·格沃兹杰夫
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OBSCHESTVO S OGRANICHENNOY OTVETSTVENNOSTYU GRUPPA POLYMERTEPLO
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Abstract

本发明涉及用于水的多层增强的聚合物管道的设计。本发明的实质是所述多层增强的聚合物管道包括聚合物基底层、至少一个屏障层、至少一个增强层、粘附层和保护层。粘附层是由不粘附到所述增强层的材料上并且形成用于所述增强层纤维自由移动的通道的材料制成。所述技术的结果在于，在温度和机械荷载的循环改变的作用下允许管道结构内部的增强纤维轴向位移，同时维持网状结构，并且防止损害围绕所述增强层的管道的聚合物层。

Description

多层增强的聚合物管道以及用于输送水的管道系统
技术领域
本发明涉及在区域供热和供应热水的系统中用于水即热水的多层增强的聚合物管道的设计，并且可以使用在用于输送在操作条件下管道材料对其具有耐受性的液体和气体介质的管道中。
背景技术
已知聚合物增强的管道，所述聚合物增强的管道包括热塑性材料的内层和外层，以及聚合物材料或者矿物材料的增强剂，所述增强剂放置在所述层之间并且以连续纤维的形式制成，所述连续纤维深入内层的外表面以及外层的内表面（RU，No.2205318，IPC 7F 16L 9/12）。
这样的设计提供了管道强度相当大的增加，但是其不适合于热水输送，因为没有针对蒸汽和气体渗透的屏障物。此外，提供管道强度需要增强层对聚合物良好的粘附性。
已知用于供水和供热系统的多层管道，包括优选地由交联聚乙烯组成的管道主体；形成防止水扩散通过多层管道的屏障物的至少一个层，所述屏障层由液晶聚合物组成（RU，No.2224160，IPC 7F 16L 9/12）。
现在，这样的设计广泛使用于供水和供热系统中，优选用于热水供应。然而，缺乏增强层在操作期间在增加的压力下将不能提供要求水平的连续强度，并且导致需要增加管道壁厚度，这进而引起管道质量增加，以及其柔韧性和容量降低。
因此，例如，虽然对于在10bar的压力下用于热水供应的交联聚乙烯的管道，安全因子是1.53，但是对于相同材料的增强管道，安全因子是1.78。
在所有已知的管道中，在其技术本质上最接近提出的管道的是在TU2248-025-40270293-2005下生产的聚合物多层增强管道“G-PEX-AM”，其设计包括交联聚乙烯的管道（PEX-A），防止氧气扩散的屏障层，由围绕屏障层的合成纤维（“Kevlar”）网状物形成的增强层，施加在增强层上的粘附层，以及由中等密度的聚乙烯制成的外部保护层。
在该设计中，提供了由合成纤维网状物形成的增强层对屏障层和外部保护层的双面粘附性，目的是稳定增强纤维的位置。
增强层的双面粘附性的获得可以引起直接邻近增强层的聚合物表面的破坏，这是由在温度和机械荷载的循环改变的作用下其轴向位移引起的。
发明内容
提出的管道设计的技术任务是提供在温度和机械荷载的循环改变的作用下，管道结构内部的增强纤维的轴向位移的可能性，同时维持网状物结构并且防止对围绕增强层的管道的聚合物层的破坏。
在提出的多层增强聚合物管道中实现了该技术结果，所述多层增强聚合物管道包括基底聚合物层、至少一个屏障层、至少一个增强层、粘附层和保护层，粘附层是由不粘附增强层的材料并且形成用于增强层纤维的自由移动的通道的材料制成。
在提出的管道设计中，在温度和机械荷载改变的作用下，增强层纤维能够在管道尺寸的波动下自由地并且可逆地轴向位移。
提出的管道的基底聚合物层是由交联的或者耐热的聚合物，优选地聚乙烯或者聚丁烯制成。
管道的增强层是由高强度和高模数的聚合物纤维制成，优选芳香族聚酰胺纤维、聚酯纤维或者聚乙烯纤维。增强层可以由网状物组成。其可以通过重叠网状物的数个连续层而制成。
提供对于氧气扩散和水蒸气耐受性的屏障层是由极性聚合物和非极性聚合物制成的。
管道的保护层由中等密度的聚乙烯制成。保护层的厚度为至少3mm。
提出了在区域供热和供水网络中用于输送水，优选热水的管道系统，其由提出设计的两个或更多个多层增强聚合物管组成。
提出的设计的区别在于，管道的屏障层与由聚合物纤维制成的增强层紧密结合，在增强层上施加了由不粘附增强层并且在温度和机械荷载改变的作用下在管道尺寸的波动下形成用于增强层的纤维能够自由地并且可逆地轴向位移的通道的材料制成的粘附层。
附图说明
图1显示根据本发明的管道的总图。
具体实施方式
多层聚合物增强管道包括聚合物基底层1、防止氧气扩散和水蒸气的屏障层2、增强层3、粘附层4，其粘附除了增强层之外的管道层，以及保护层5。
多层聚合物增强管道以下面的方式操作。在包括以不同角度旋转的方案下，通常使用所提出的设计的管道安装管路。当管道弯曲时，增强纤维和基底层相对于彼此位移。在管路安装之后，当发生管道尺寸（其直径和长度）的一些变化时，通过增加的压力对其进行测试。在尺寸变化的过程中，管道聚合物层相对于增强层位移，这是由于增强层材料和基底层材料的不同弹性模数引起的。在完成测试之后，减轻测试床压力，并且发生增强纤维相对于聚合物层的反向位移。由于热载体（热水）的供应，在其运输和供应中断的过程中，会发生增强纤维和聚合物层相对于彼此的相同反向的位移。
在其安装、测试和操作的过程中，根据本发明的多层增强聚合物管道提供了聚合物层和增强纤维相对于彼此自由地和可逆地位移，这确保了在使用寿命期间其操作特征的高水平和稳定性。

Claims (8)

1.一种多层增强的聚合物管道，包括基底层、至少一个屏障层、至少一个增强层、粘附层以及保护层，其特征在于所述粘附层由不粘附到所述增强层的材料上并且形成用于所述增强层的纤维自由移动的通道的材料制成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的多层管道，其特征在于所述基底层由交联的或者耐热的聚合物制成，优选聚乙烯或者聚丁烯。
3.根据权利要求1所述的多层管道，其特征在于所述增强层以网状形式制造。
4.根据权利要求1所述的多层管道，其特征在于所述增强层由高强度和高模数的聚合物纤维制成，优选芳香族聚酰胺纤维、聚酯纤维或者聚乙烯纤维。
5.根据权利要求1所述的多层管道，其中所述屏障层由极性聚合物和非极性聚合物制成。
6.根据权利要求1所述的多层管道，其特征在于所述保护层由中等密度的聚乙烯制成。
7.根据权利要求1所述的多层管道，其特征在于所述保护层的厚度为至少3mm。
8.一种用于在区域供热和供水的网络中输送水，优选热水的管道系统，由根据权利要求1到7中任一项所述的两个或更多个多层管道组成。
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RU171221U1 (ru) * 2017-03-13 2017-05-24 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ТВЭЛ-ПЭКС" Гибкая труба из полимерного композиционного материала
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DE11843783T1 (de) 2014-01-23
RU2457388C2 (ru) 2012-07-27
SI2574833T1 (sl) 2015-06-30
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RU2010141067A (ru) 2012-04-20
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US20130263962A1 (en) 2013-10-10
US9920861B2 (en) 2018-03-20
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CA2812679C (en) 2017-07-25
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EA020832B1 (ru) 2015-02-27
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