CN103143593A - Laser shock wave metal plate reshaping method and device - Google Patents
Laser shock wave metal plate reshaping method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103143593A CN103143593A CN 201110402468 CN201110402468A CN103143593A CN 103143593 A CN103143593 A CN 103143593A CN 201110402468 CN201110402468 CN 201110402468 CN 201110402468 A CN201110402468 A CN 201110402468A CN 103143593 A CN103143593 A CN 103143593A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for precise reshaping by utilizing laser shock wave, and the method is characterized in that a laser transmits a laser beam onto the surface of a workpiece through an optical system, and a water restraint layer covers the surface of the workpiece to form a restraint layer. Under the laser pulse effect, shock wave is formed on the surface of the workpiece, residual pressure stress is generated inside the workpiece, and a metal plate can be reshaped by controlling the shocked position by laser. The invention relates to a device for precise reshaping by utilizing the laser shock wave, and the device is particularly suitable for reshaping different metal plates, and the device comprises a laser, a reflection mirror, a water restraint layer, a water pipe, a workpiece, a water tank, a clamp, a two-dimensional moving worktable and a computer. The method and the device can be used for precisely reshaping a large-sized component and are high in reshaping precision, free from heat influence, not contacted with the surface of the workpiece, and capable of realizing the reshaping of a convex surface and a concave surface.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mechanical manufacturing field, particularly for the school shape of metal blank, and the laser blast wave metal blank straightening method and the device that are specially adapted to the school shape of large-sized structural parts.
Background technology
In the processing and use procedure of metal blank part, ubiquity the problem on deformation that the interaction because of factors such as the geometry of material character, blank initial stress state, processing technology, part and service conditions produces.Because the research of Deformation control is at the early-stage, within also the very difficult accuracy of manufacture with all workpiece all is controlled at the design accuracy scope in a short time.Both at home and abroad to the sheet metal deformation Correction Problems, the research of especially large thickness, high accuracy plate school shape technology is less.
The straightening method of metal current plate mainly contains hot school shape, season stress school shape and pressure school shape.Modal is hot school shape and pressure school shape, and hot school shape shortcoming is that the part tissue is had heat affecting, and pressure school shape contacts with surface of the work, and precision is difficult to control.
The further investigation of laser-impact process technology in recent years provides possibility for the subproblem that solves in trimming process.In June, 2002, the people such as the Lawrence Livermore Hackel of National Key Laboratory of California, USA university have proposed to utilize laser impact intensified device to carry out to sheet metal Forming Theory and the accurate forming method that three-dimensional bending is shaped in the American National patent, imagine the school shape that laser-impact is used for sheet material and rod member, but laser-impact has not been carried out concrete research.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome traditional thermal stress school shape, the part tissue is had heat affecting, pressure school shape contacts with surface of the work, the shortcoming that sizing precision is low.The invention provides a kind of laser blast wave metal blank straightening method and device, (power density is greater than 1GW/cm directly to utilize intense pulse laser bcam
2) the impact surface of the work, make its top layer gasification ionize and form shock wave, due to the effect of metal blank surface water restraint layer, high-pressure shocking wave acts on the surface of material, and the shock wave pressure peak value of generation surpasses the MATERIALS ' DYNAMIC yield strength, this makes school shape material surface that the micro-plastic deformation occur, produce residual compressive stress, then impacts the distribution in the large-area residual stress of formation zone by multiple spot, and carry out the small curve school shape of macrostructure by the release of stress.Send pulse laser by laser instrument, be transferred to surface of the work by light path system, under the effect of water constraint layer, produce shock wave, and make the inner generation of plate stress distribution, and then the correction of being out of shape, can be according to the metal blank of different-thickness, the parameters such as choose reasonable laser pulse width, energy, spot size obtain desirable residual compressive stress and distribute, and reach the purpose of accurate school shape.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:
A kind of laser blast wave metal blank straightening method, its concrete steps are:
A) laser strip shock zone is seen as the zone of initial stress effect, action effect is by the width that loads the zone, three parameters of stress intensity and the stress degree of depth determine, wherein the width of stress area can represent with spot diameter, the degree of depth that can suppose stress in the model loading procedure is constant, the size that represents practical laser blastic deformation amount by the stress value size variation, on this basis, use the Static Analysis Method of equivalent initial stress load, the equivalence of laser-impact technological parameter is become the size of initial stress load, set up the FEM model of analyzing laser-impact effect deflection, can analyze the laser problem on deformation of plate, and by test, model is verified, for the calculating of school shape technological parameter lays the foundation,
B) by emulation mode set up equivalent stress and the distortion between relation, make equivalent stress corresponding one by one with deflection;
C) set up by test and concern storehouse, i.e. one-to-one relationship between laser parameter and deflection between test parameters and distortion;
And then obtain contacting of test parameters and equivalent stress;
D) by carrying out in ANSYS take equivalent stress as variable, school shape amount distributes for calculating target, optimize equivalent stress and the best shock zone calculating school shape and need;
E) corresponding relation according to equivalent stress and technological parameter can obtain school shape technological parameter, according to school shape technological parameter and hot spot distribution path, laser parameter and two-dimensional movement workbench parameter is set, and corrects shape.
A kind of laser blast wave metal blank corrector, comprise laser instrument, speculum, water constraint layer, water pipe, workpiece, tank, fixture, two-dimensional movement workbench and computer, described workpiece by after the fixture clamping as in tank, the tank connecting water pipe, water forms water constraint layer in tank, tank is located on the two-dimensional movement workbench, and computer connects two-dimensional movement workbench control tank and moves, and the outgoing laser beam of laser instrument vertically acts on the surface of workpiece by speculum.
The two-dimensional movement workbench drives workpiece and moves together.Short-pulse laser sends light beam and arrives surface of the work through passing water constraint layer after speculum.Computer is connected with frock clamp by the com mouth, controls the motion track of workpiece.
The beneficial effect that the present invention brings is:
1, sizing precision is high: single laser impact, the residual stress zone of formation is very small, almost can not produce macroscopic deformation, only has by a large amount of laser-impacts to form shock zone, carries out macroscopical school shape of plate.So quantity and impact position by control impuls, can point-device control school shape shape.
2, can realize two-way school shape: pressure school shape can only from outside press inward, the distortion of single direction is proofreaied and correct.Laser-impact school shape can be realized the correction of convex surface and concave surface double-deformation by controlling the power density of laser-impact, namely can " draw " again and can " press ".
3, noncontact school shape: laser-impact school shape only has laser blast wave to follow the surface of the work effect in the shape process of school, belongs to noncontact school shape, without any residual, is convenient to school shape post processing work simple.
4, can be to difficult school shape material: laser-impact can be suitable for the school shape of multiple material, and be applied widely.
The accompanying drawing summary
Fig. 1 is laser-impact precision corrector schematic diagram
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram in laser action zone
Fig. 3 is laser-impact school shape schematic diagram one
Fig. 4 is laser-impact school shape schematic diagram two
Fig. 5 is laser-impact two dimension school shape schematic diagram
Fig. 6 is laser-impact two dimension school shape schematic diagram
Number in the figure is:
1-laser instrument 2-speculum 3-water constraint layer
4-water pipe 5-workpiece 6-tank
7-fixture 8-two-dimensional movement workbench 9-computer
10-shock wave 11-impact zone
Workpiece after workpiece 14 the 3rd school shape after workpiece 13 second school shapes after 12 first school shapes
15-laser beam 16-plasma
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, thereby so that advantages and features of the invention can be easier to be it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that, protection scope of the present invention is made more explicit defining.
As shown in Figure 1, be the calculation process of school shape technological parameter;
Be illustrated in figure 2 as laser blast wave metal blank corrector, it comprises laser instrument 1, speculum 2, water constraint layer 3, water pipe 4, workpiece 5, tank 6, fixture 7, two-dimensional movement workbench 8, computer 9.
As shown in Figure 2, workpiece 5 is fixed in tank 6 on two-dimensional movement workbench 8 by fixture 7.Open water flow switch, allow flowing water cover the bombardment with laser beams position, and form the thick scleronomic constraint layer 3 of 8-10mm.Directly radiation is on flowing water restraint layer 3 after reflection for laser beam 15, and the laser-impact surface of the work also forms high-temperature plasma 16, and they expand and are subjected to the restriction of water constraint layer 3.Like this, plasma 16 is violent to heat up and then heavy explosion, produces the high-amplitude shock wave 10 to school shape workpiece 5 internal communications, adjusts the laser-impact parameter, and the stress wave that can form predetermined amplitude loads.When the shock wave peak pressure surpasses the metal material dynamic yield strength, and produce micro-plastic strain, under the acting in conjunction of a large amount of shock point residual compressive stress, cause the redistribution of stress, thereby realize macroscopical school shape.
As shown in Figure 3, be the schematic diagram in laser action zone, flowing water is at workpiece 5 surface formation water constraint layers 3, laser blast wave 10 activated plasmas 16.The flowing water restraint layer has retrained the high-temperature plasma volume expansion, prevents simultaneously the cause thermal damage of laser.
Laser-impact school shape schematic diagram as Fig. 4, Fig. 5, after impacting by certain track, laser forms residual stress district 11, treat school shape workpiece 5 choosing through laser parameter, can form and laser-impact action direction rightabout school shape (workpiece 12 after the first school shape), also can form with the distortion of laser-impact effect equidirectional and proofread and correct (workpiece 13 after the second school shape).
Be laser-impact two dimension school shape schematic diagram as shown in Figure 6, carry out laser-impact according to the shock zone 11 of Fig. 5 design, form desirable stress distribution form, can carry out the correction (workpiece 14 after the 3rd school shape) of complicated model deformation.
By the distributed in three dimensions in design stress district, can carry out the 3 D deformation of plate and proofread and correct equally.More school shape example inconvenience victory is lifted, and only illustrates its technical scheme and part example here.
The above; it is only the specific embodiment of the present invention; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this; any those of ordinary skill in the art are in the disclosed technical scope of the present invention; variation or the replacement that can expect without creative work are within all should being encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain that claims were limited.
Claims (5)
1. a laser blast wave metal blank straightening method, is characterized in that, the concrete steps of described method are:
A) pulse laser under the water constraint layer condition, forms laser blast wave material is impacted processing.laser strip shock zone is seen as the zone of initial stress effect, action effect is by the width that loads the zone, three parameters of stress intensity and the stress degree of depth determine, wherein the width of stress area can represent with spot diameter, the degree of depth that can suppose stress in the model loading procedure is constant, the size that represents practical laser blastic deformation amount by the stress value size variation, on this basis, use the Static Analysis Method of equivalent initial stress load, the equivalence of laser-impact technological parameter is become the size of initial stress load, set up the FEM model of analyzing laser-impact effect deflection, can analyze the laser problem on deformation of plate, and by test, model is verified, for the calculating of school shape technological parameter lays the foundation,
B) by emulation mode set up equivalent stress and the distortion between relation, make equivalent stress corresponding one by one with deflection;
C) set up by test and concern storehouse, i.e. one-to-one relationship between laser parameter and deflection between test parameters and distortion;
D) obtain contacting of test parameters and equivalent stress;
E) carry out in FEM model take equivalent stress as variable, school shape amount is for calculating target, and equivalent stress and best shock zone that school shape is calculated in optimization to be needed distribute;
F) corresponding relation according to equivalent stress and technological parameter can obtain school shape technological parameter, according to school shape technological parameter and hot spot distribution path, laser parameter and two-dimensional movement workbench parameter is set, and corrects shape.
2. a kind of laser blast wave metal blank straightening method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the forming energy density of pulse laser is at 1GW/cm
2Above, described restraint layer adopts water constraint layer, constraint bed thickness 8-10mm.
3. a laser blast wave metal blank corrector, is characterized in that, described device comprises laser instrument, speculum, water constraint layer, water pipe, workpiece, tank, fixture, two-dimensional movement workbench and computer; Described workpiece by after the fixture clamping as in tank, described tank connecting water pipe, water forms water constraint layer in tank, tank is located on the two-dimensional movement workbench, described computer connects two-dimensional movement workbench control tank and moves, and the laser beam of laser instrument output vertically acts on the surface of workpiece by speculum.
4. a kind of laser blast wave metal blank corrector according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described laser instrument is short-pulse laser, pulsewidth 1-50ns.
5. a kind of laser blast wave metal blank corrector according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described computer is connected with fixture by the com mouth.
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Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103302406A (en) * | 2013-06-20 | 2013-09-18 | 江苏大学 | Intra-light water delivery laser shock peening method and device |
| CN103752651A (en) * | 2014-01-09 | 2014-04-30 | 上海飞机制造有限公司 | Laser shock shape-correcting method for welded integral panels |
| CN106048144A (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2016-10-26 | 东南大学 | Method for regulating and controlling laser shock shot-blasting stress of laser additive thin-walled part |
| CN106216843A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2016-12-14 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of self adaptation laser peening corrector based on big data platform and method |
| CN106312299A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-01-11 | 广东工业大学 | Method and device for controlling laser peening correcting shape precision of aero-engine bracket on line |
| CN107130101A (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2017-09-05 | 广东长盈精密技术有限公司 | The antidote of terminal enclosure deformation |
| CN107633115A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2018-01-26 | 东南大学 | The Finite Element Method of multiple spot laser impact forming |
| WO2018032771A1 (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2018-02-22 | 广东工业大学 | Laser peening shape-correction quality control method for an aircraft engine stand |
| CN111151593A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-05-15 | 东莞市逸昊金属材料科技有限公司 | Shaping correction method and device |
| CN112207426A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-01-12 | 江苏大学 | Laser shot peening strengthening-shape correcting method for annular part and integrated device thereof |
| CN113600641A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-11-05 | 南华大学 | Method for correcting deformed thin-walled part by laser heat |
| CN114101391A (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2022-03-01 | 蓝箭航天空间科技股份有限公司 | Method for correcting large-size low-rigidity part for spaceflight and liquid rocket |
| CN114515770A (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2022-05-20 | 西安理工大学 | Laser residual thermal deformation correction method for track deformation of split arc rolling guide rail |
| CN114769361A (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2022-07-22 | 同方江新造船有限公司 | Laser heat energy correction method applied to high-strength aluminum alloy material for ship |
| CN114850510A (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-08-05 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | Method and device for preventing metal part additive repair thermal deformation |
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2011
- 2011-12-07 CN CN 201110402468 patent/CN103143593A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103302406A (en) * | 2013-06-20 | 2013-09-18 | 江苏大学 | Intra-light water delivery laser shock peening method and device |
| CN103752651A (en) * | 2014-01-09 | 2014-04-30 | 上海飞机制造有限公司 | Laser shock shape-correcting method for welded integral panels |
| CN106048144A (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2016-10-26 | 东南大学 | Method for regulating and controlling laser shock shot-blasting stress of laser additive thin-walled part |
| WO2018032771A1 (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2018-02-22 | 广东工业大学 | Laser peening shape-correction quality control method for an aircraft engine stand |
| CN106216843A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2016-12-14 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of self adaptation laser peening corrector based on big data platform and method |
| CN106312299A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-01-11 | 广东工业大学 | Method and device for controlling laser peening correcting shape precision of aero-engine bracket on line |
| CN106312299B (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2018-07-27 | 广东工业大学 | The method and apparatus of aeroplane engine machine support laser peening school shape form accuracy On-line Control |
| CN107130101A (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2017-09-05 | 广东长盈精密技术有限公司 | The antidote of terminal enclosure deformation |
| CN107633115A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2018-01-26 | 东南大学 | The Finite Element Method of multiple spot laser impact forming |
| CN111151593B (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2021-10-08 | 东莞市逸昊金属材料科技有限公司 | Shaping correction method and device |
| CN111151593A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-05-15 | 东莞市逸昊金属材料科技有限公司 | Shaping correction method and device |
| CN112207426A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-01-12 | 江苏大学 | Laser shot peening strengthening-shape correcting method for annular part and integrated device thereof |
| CN112207426B (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2022-06-21 | 江苏大学 | Laser shot peening strengthening-shape correcting method for annular part and integrated device thereof |
| CN113600641A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-11-05 | 南华大学 | Method for correcting deformed thin-walled part by laser heat |
| CN114101391A (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2022-03-01 | 蓝箭航天空间科技股份有限公司 | Method for correcting large-size low-rigidity part for spaceflight and liquid rocket |
| CN114101391B (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2023-06-09 | 蓝箭航天空间科技股份有限公司 | Orthopedic method for large-size low-rigidity piece for spaceflight and liquid rocket |
| CN114515770A (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2022-05-20 | 西安理工大学 | Laser residual thermal deformation correction method for track deformation of split arc rolling guide rail |
| CN114515770B (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2024-04-19 | 西安理工大学 | Laser residual thermal deformation correction method for split type circular arc rolling guide rail track deformation |
| CN114850510A (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-08-05 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | Method and device for preventing metal part additive repair thermal deformation |
| CN114769361A (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2022-07-22 | 同方江新造船有限公司 | Laser heat energy correction method applied to high-strength aluminum alloy material for ship |
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Application publication date: 20130612 |