CN102225491B - Method and device for forming metal reducer pipe based on laser shock wave technology - Google Patents
Method and device for forming metal reducer pipe based on laser shock wave technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN102225491B CN102225491B CN201110153150.2A CN201110153150A CN102225491B CN 102225491 B CN102225491 B CN 102225491B CN 201110153150 A CN201110153150 A CN 201110153150A CN 102225491 B CN102225491 B CN 102225491B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and device for forming a metal reducer pipe based on a laser shock wave technology and belongs to the technical field of laser processing. In the invention, the upper end part, separated from a pipe fitting, of a plugging rod is coated with a laser energy absorption layer; a laser beam enters the interior of a pipe billet to be formed along the axis of the pipe billet, thereby irradiating on the absorption layer on the upper end part of the plugging rod; the absorption layer absorbs laser energy so as to be gasified and ionized, thus forming high-voltage plasmas; and the high-voltage plasmas quickly expand to form a high-amplitude shock wave, thereby promoting the expansion of the pipe billet until the pipe billet is jointed with the profile of a mould, therefore the deformed shape of the pipe billet is in accordance with the profile of the mould. In the invention, the laser shock wave controlled in parameter is utilized as a power source for internal high pressure forming of the pipe billet, and good safety is provided; and the method and device provided by the invention are suitable for not only forming the pipe billet of a material extremely low in yield limit, but also forming the pipe billet with high yield strength; besides, continuous multi-pulse laser irradiation can be performed and uninterrupted multi-impact can be carried out; and high production efficiency is ensured.
Description
Technical field
the invention belongs to technical field of laser processing, relate to a kind of method and apparatus of the forming metal reducer pipe based on laser shock wave technology.
Background technology
the transit joint that reducer pipe connects as the function element in pipe-line system, strain compensating element, and different pipe fitting, extensive application in the fields such as Aeronautics and Astronautics and automobile, its conventional processing method has: sectional stamping welds again, explosive forming and internal high pressure hydraulic are shaped.
it is that current reducer pipe is processed the most frequently used processing method that sectional stamping welds again, it is first divided into different several parts according to the trend of diameter and variation by pipe fitting by the variable cross-section pipe fitting designing in drawing, again different piece is carried out to punch process shaping separately, finally each several part is connected into integral body by the method for welding.By punch welding, processing the reducer pipe obtaining has and saves raw material, the advantage such as lightweight, yet pipe fitting needs to carry out necessary hand finish after welding, to eliminate welding deformation, especially the existence of weld seam not only affects its intensity, and harmful residual tension of existing of this place reduces the stress corrosion resistant ability of pipe fitting, shortened the service life of pipe fitting.
exploding and expanding is that the shock wave producing by explosive charge is as the power source of caliber distortion at the inner explosive of blank pipe.It is divided into do not use the free exploding and expanding of mould and use mould have two kinds of mould bulgings.The exploding and expanding of reducer pipe has the advantages such as mould is simple, production efficiency is high, yet exist explosive consumption in processing, is difficult to control, and pipe fitting crudy is difficult to accurate control, the poor deficiency that waits of security of processing.
it is exactly to adopt liquid as the medium that transmits plastic force that the internal high pressure hydraulic of metal reducer pipe is shaped, and by applying axial force at pipe two ends, at the inner inner high voltage that forms of pipe, under the synergy of interior pressure and axle power, makes pipe recline mould and becomes required pipe fitting.Internal high pressure forming can reduce number of molds by the pipe fitting once-forming of a plurality of different cross section shapes, and also without follow-up welding sequence, pipe fitting surface quality is high, and production efficiency is higher.Yet when being shaped, need complicated hydraulic test, interior pressure and axial load are usually difficult to Proper Match, cause unstability after forming tubular product, make folding, the wrinkling and inefficacy such as break of pipe fitting generation.This technology only limits to the pipe fitting forming of the material that the yield strengths such as aluminium alloy, stainless steel are lower at present, is also difficult to adapt to the pipe fitting forming of the titanium alloy class that yield strength is higher.
Summary of the invention
the method and apparatus that the object of this invention is to provide a kind of forming metal reducer pipe based on laser shock wave technology.
a kind of method that obtains forming metal reducer pipe based on laser shock wave technology provided by the present invention, the method concrete steps are as follows:
(1) first metal reducer pipe pipe to be formed is put into Split type die, neonychium is equipped with on the surface of Split type die die cavity, adjust the relative position of Split type die and metal reducer pipe pipe and fix, Split type die is fixed on support, and support is fixed on workbench;
(2) at the inner blocked shot that inserts of metal reducer pipe pipe, blocked shot upper end scribbles the absorbed layer of effective absorbing laser energy, absorbed layer is pitch-dark, regulate the relative position of blocked shot upper end and Split type die die cavity, make blocked shot upper end close to the die cavity of Split type die, then to water filling in metal reducer pipe pipe as restraint layer; Described blocked shot upper end is plane;
(3) the laser pulse bundle after the controlled and optimization of being sent by laser generator, axis along metal reducer pipe pipe enters its inside, and irradiation is on the absorbed layer of blocked shot upper end, metal reducer pipe pipe is not in the region of laser irradiation, gasification after the energy of absorbed layer absorbing laser, ionization, form high pressure plasma, high pressure plasma outwards expands and forms the high-amplitude shock wave of outwards propagating rapidly, this high-amplitude shock wave is exerted pressure to metal reducer pipe pipe, makes the profile laminating of metal reducer pipe pipe and Split type die;
(4) extract blocked shot out, open Split type die, take out metal reducer pipe pipe fitting.
in above manufacturing process, according to the material mechanical performance of metal reducer pipe pipe to be formed, pipe diameter, pipe thickness and bulging amount, select laser pulse parameters, controlled laser pulse bundle enters its inside along the axis of metal reducer pipe pipe, and irradiation is on the absorbed layer of blocked shot upper end, metal reducer pipe pipe is not in the region of laser irradiation, the absorbed layer of absorbing laser energy is not the surface that is coated in pipe fitting, but is coated on the blocked shot upper surface separating with metal reducer pipe pipe.Absorbed layer material is vaporized, form high pressure plasma, the rapid expansion of high pressure plasma produces the high-amplitude shock wave of propagating to all directions, its lateral impact ripple promotes metal reducer pipe pipe and outwards makes turgor movement along radial direction, promote metal reducer pipe pipe and moulding distortion occurs until fit with die face, metal reducer pipe shape is that the profile by mould determines, according to the mechanical property of metal reducer pipe pipe thickness, bulging amount, material, carries out once-forming or is repeatedly shaped.
the device that obtains a kind of forming metal reducer pipe based on laser shock wave technology provided by the present invention, this device comprises laser generator 1, light-conducting system, clamping workpiece system and control system, wherein light-conducting system comprises light pipe 3, total reflective mirror 4, impact head 5, in succession laser generator 1, light pipe 3 of light pipe 3 tops couples together total reflective mirror 4 and impact head 5 successively, and the terminal of light pipe 3 is facing to clamping workpiece system; Clamping workpiece system comprises metal reducer pipe pipe 6, Split type die 7, neonychium 14, blocked shot 16, absorbed layer 15, restraint layer 12, support 8, workbench 9, the upper end of described blocked shot 16 scribbles absorbed layer 15 and inserts in metal reducer pipe pipe 6, the upper end of blocked shot 16 is close to the die cavity of Split type die, described blocked shot upper end is plane, absorbed layer 15 tops are restraint layer 12, metal reducer pipe pipe 6 and Split type die 7 are fixed on support 8, and blocked shot 16 and support 8 are fixed on workbench 9; Control system comprises computer and controller, and control information is by computer input, passes to controller with the laser parameter controlling laser generator and send and the motion of clamping workpiece system.
in said apparatus; blocked shot upper end scribbles absorbed layer and is used for increasing laser energy absorption; restraint layer is used for improving the action effect of laser blast wave; neonychium is that soft material is made; it has avoided the violent shock of pipe and die face in forming process; support height is adjustable, and workbench can be realized along three axial movements with around the rotation of two axis.
the light laser that the present invention adopts is along the axis irradiation of pipe on energy-absorbing layer, and metal reducer pipe pipe is not in laser irradiation region, is damaged never by LASER HEAT; Because laser pulse parameters is controlled adjustable, pulse energy is accurately controlled, can be adjusted to hundreds of joule from several joules, thereby the shock wave peak pressure of induced with laser is accurately controlled, its maximum can be up to tens GPa, therefore the lower metal material pipe of yield strength that both can be shaped, the higher pipe of the yield strength that can be shaped again, has made up and has adopted liquid medium inner high voltage be difficult to the to be shaped deficiency of high-strength material pipe fitting; Because laser spot size can be adjusted according to the size of pipe diameter, simple to operation, pipe that can Quick-forming different tube diameters, has larger flexibility; Water, as the propagation medium of shock wave, has delayed the decay of shock wave, and laser blast wave reflects by inside pipe wall, also can carry out secondary loading to pipe; Adopt the shock wave of induced with laser as the power source being shaped, only need simple device, the hydraulic test of complexity while having avoided using internal high pressure hydraulic to be shaped.
Accompanying drawing explanation
fig. 1 apparatus of the present invention schematic diagram.
the metal reducer pipe schematic diagram that Fig. 2 the present invention is shaped.
in figure: 1: laser generator, 2: laser pulse bundle, 3: light pipe; 4: total reflective mirror, 5: impact head, 6: metal reducer pipe pipe; 7: Split type die, 8: support, 9: workbench; 10: controller, 11: computer, 12: restraint layer (water); 13: high pressure plasma; 14: neonychium, 15: absorbed layer (pitch-dark), 16: blocked shot.
The specific embodiment
below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, describe details and the working condition of the concrete device of the present invention's proposition in detail.
this device mainly comprises laser generator 1, light-conducting system, workpiece clamp system and control system.Wherein light-conducting system comprises light pipe 3, total reflective mirror 4 and impact head 5.Workpiece clamp system comprises that metal reducer pipe pipe 6, neonychium 14, Split type die 7, restraint layer (water) 12, absorbed layer (pitch-dark) 15, blocked shot 16, support 8, workbench 9 form.Control system comprises computer 11 and controller 10.
as shown in Figure 2, pulse laser beam 2 through light-conducting system output passes restraint layer (water) 12, irradiation is on the energy-absorbing layer 15 of blocked shot 16 upper ends, after absorbed layer 15 has absorbed laser energy, gasification rapidly, ionization, form high pressure plasma 13, high pressure plasma 13 rapidly outside expansion has formed the shock wave of outside propagation, and promotion metal reducer pipe pipe 6 outwards expands until fit with the profile of Split type die 7.When shock wave peak pressure surpasses metal reducer pipe pipe 6 MATERIALS ' DYNAMIC yield limit, there is the plastic deformation that can not reply in metal reducer pipe pipe 6, and the deformed shape of pipe is that the profile by Split type die 7 determines.The pipe fitting of, shape face complexity large for bulging amount, often need by repeatedly changing impact position, repeatedly inducing laser blast wave to implement stamping could be shaped, be instruction change blocked shot 16 and the Split type die 7 profile relative positions that support 8 is accepted controller 10, on new position, with induced with laser shock wave, implement stamping, Split type die 7 profiles until the tube wall of metal reducer pipe pipe 6 is all fitted again.
Claims (2)
1.
a method for forming metal reducer pipe based on laser shock wave technology, is characterized in that the method concrete steps are as follows:
(1) first metal reducer pipe pipe to be formed is put into Split type die, neonychium is equipped with on the surface of Split type die die cavity, adjust the relative position of Split type die and metal reducer pipe pipe and fix, Split type die is fixed on support, and support is fixed on workbench;
(2) at the inner blocked shot that inserts of metal reducer pipe pipe, blocked shot upper end scribbles the absorbed layer of effective absorbing laser energy, absorbed layer is pitch-dark, regulate the relative position of blocked shot upper end and Split type die die cavity, make blocked shot upper end close to the die cavity of Split type die, then to water filling in metal reducer pipe pipe as restraint layer; Described blocked shot upper end is plane;
(3) the laser pulse bundle after the controlled and optimization of being sent by laser generator, axis along metal reducer pipe pipe enters its inside, and irradiation is on the absorbed layer of blocked shot upper end, metal reducer pipe pipe is not in the region of laser irradiation, gasification after the energy of absorbed layer absorbing laser, ionization, form high pressure plasma, high pressure plasma outwards expands and forms the high-amplitude shock wave of outwards propagating rapidly, this high-amplitude shock wave is exerted pressure to metal reducer pipe pipe, makes the profile laminating of metal reducer pipe pipe and Split type die;
(4) extract blocked shot out, open Split type die, take out metal reducer pipe pipe fitting.
2.
a kind of device of the forming metal reducer pipe based on laser shock wave technology, it is characterized in that: this device comprises laser generator, light-conducting system, clamping workpiece system and control system, wherein light-conducting system comprises light pipe, total reflective mirror, impact head, in succession laser generator, light pipe of light pipe top couples together total reflective mirror and impact head successively, and the terminal of light pipe is facing to clamping workpiece system; Clamping workpiece system comprises metal reducer pipe pipe, Split type die, neonychium, blocked shot, absorbed layer, restraint layer, support, workbench, the upper end of described blocked shot scribbles absorbed layer and inserts in metal reducer pipe pipe, the upper end of blocked shot is close to the die cavity of Split type die, described blocked shot upper end is plane, absorbed layer top is restraint layer, metal reducer pipe pipe and Split type die are fixed on support, and blocked shot and support are fixed on workbench; Control system comprises computer and controller, and control information is by computer input, passes to controller with the laser parameter controlling laser generator and send and the motion of clamping workpiece system.
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| CN201110153150.2A CN102225491B (en) | 2011-06-09 | 2011-06-09 | Method and device for forming metal reducer pipe based on laser shock wave technology |
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| CN201110153150.2A CN102225491B (en) | 2011-06-09 | 2011-06-09 | Method and device for forming metal reducer pipe based on laser shock wave technology |
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Families Citing this family (12)
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| CN102527813A (en) * | 2012-03-06 | 2012-07-04 | 苏州科技学院 | Device and method for laser micro shock dieless forming |
| CN102528379B (en) * | 2012-03-13 | 2014-03-12 | 江苏大学 | Method for disassembling micro-electro-mechanical devices under assistance of laser impact |
| CN102764747B (en) * | 2012-07-03 | 2015-02-25 | 安徽工业大学 | Method and device for descaling inner wall of metal pipeline based on laser impact wave technology |
| CN103143836B (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2015-11-18 | 江苏大学 | Take flowable liquids as the laser shock treatment device of energy-absorbing layer |
| CN103203550A (en) * | 2013-03-18 | 2013-07-17 | 大连理工大学 | Device for washing lithium ion battery electrodes on basis of laser shock wave technology |
| CN105817517A (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2016-08-03 | 江苏科技大学 | Thin-walled pipe local bulging laser impact device and method |
| CN109604414B (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-12-31 | 安徽工业大学 | Method and device for forming stepped cylindrical part through laser shock |
| CN109604415B (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2020-05-05 | 安徽工业大学 | Laser stamping forming method and device |
| CN109482750A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-03-19 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of micro- riveting set of no rivet |
| CN111299820B (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2021-09-10 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Reflection type laser shock peening head |
| CN112080629B (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2021-11-02 | 武汉大学 | Laser impact imprinting composite strengthening method |
| CN112548334B (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-06-15 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Coaxial thermocouple transient heat flow sensor node laser welding conduction device |
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Effective date of registration: 20201229 Address after: 243000 R & D Building 1, north side of Beijing Avenue, Ma'anshan demonstration park, Anhui Province Patentee after: MAANSHAN ANGONG UNIVERSITY INTELLIGENT EQUIPMENT TECHNOLOGY INSTITUTE Co.,Ltd. Address before: 243002 No. 59 East Lake Road, Anhui, Ma'anshan Patentee before: ANHUI University OF TECHNOLOGY |