CN102225493B - Method and device for connecting metal pipe based on laser shock wave technology - Google Patents
Method and device for connecting metal pipe based on laser shock wave technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN102225493B CN102225493B CN201110153574.9A CN201110153574A CN102225493B CN 102225493 B CN102225493 B CN 102225493B CN 201110153574 A CN201110153574 A CN 201110153574A CN 102225493 B CN102225493 B CN 102225493B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and device for connecting a metal pipe based on a laser shock wave technology and belongs to the technical field of laser processing. In the invention, a black paint applied to the upper end part of a plugging rod serves as a laser energy absorption layer, and water serves as a restraint layer; a laser pulse beam subjected to parameter optimization enters the interior of a pipe fitting along the axis of the pipe fitting, so as to be irradiated on the absorption layer at the upper end part of the plugging rod through a light guide system; the absorption layer absorbs the energy of the laser so as to be gasified and ionized, thus forming high-voltage plasmas; and the high-voltage plasmas quickly dilate to form a high-amplitude shock wave, thereby promoting the quick dilatational strain of an inner pipe and causing the inner pipe to violently collide with an outer pipe, therefore the parts, which are impacted by the laser shock wave, of the two pipe fittings are plastically deformed obviously; and intensive thermal effect is produced during the collision process so that the interfaces of the collision parts of the two pipes are adhesively jointed together. The method and device provided by the invention are wide in application range, and capable of connecting metal pipe fittings different from each other in melting point, in coefficient of thermal dilation, in thermal treatment condition and in state.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Laser Processing metal field, be specifically related to the method and apparatus that a kind of metal tube based on laser shock wave technology connects.
Background technology
Metal tube has a wide range of applications as function element, and for meeting its length requirement or locus demand, whole pipeline usually needs multistage pipe fitting to be formed by connecting, and the method for attachment that pipe fitting is conventional is welded to connect, is threaded.
Being welded to connect is to commonly use at present processing method, and it is under high temperature or condition of high voltage, by the processing method of using the welding materials such as welding rod that the pipe fitting of different sections is coupled together in joint.The processing method being welded to connect has the advantages such as equipment is simple, production efficiency is high, yet the pipe fitting of welding exists weld seam and larger heat affected area, the existence of weld seam not only affects its intensity, and harmful welding stress of existing of this place reduces the stress corrosion resistant ability of pipe fitting, shortened the service life of pipe fitting.
Being threaded is that gas thread is processed in joint by pipe fitting to be connected, by threaded engagement, pipe fitting is coupled together.Be threaded and there is the advantages such as joint is firm, equipment is simple, yet for the pipe fitting of conveying high-pressure fluid media (medium), nipple place often needs other auxiliary element just can make it to have good sealing.For wall light wall pipe part, screw thread is often difficult to processing, therefore cannot realize by screw thread the connection of pipe fitting.
The explosive charge welded stub connection comparatively approaching with the present invention, it is that the shock wave that adopts explosive charge to produce causes rapid collision between pipe fitting and pipe fitting is coupled together.The required device of explosive welding pipe fitting is simple, easy to operate, with low cost, applied widely, and working (machining) efficiency is high.Yet explosive charge welded stub connection must carry out in the wild, and working condition is poor, is difficult to realize accurate control, and the security of processing is poor.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, the method and apparatus that provides a kind of metal tube based on laser shock wave technology to connect.
The method that metal tube based on laser shock wave technology provided by the present invention connects is as follows:
(1) metal inner pipe part is inserted in metal outer pipe part, metal inner and outer pipe fitting is coaxial and with pipe-fitting holder, clamp fixingly, and pipe-fitting holder is fixed on lead, and lead is fixed on workbench;
(2) upper end is scribbled in the blocked shot insertion metal inner pipe part of absorbed layer (pitch-dark), regulate the relative position of blocked shot and pipe fitting junction, make blocked shot upper end close to metal inner and outer pipe fitting joint to be connected, then inwardly in pipe fitting water filling as restraint layer;
(3) the controlled and laser pulse optimized of parameter, through light-conducting system irradiation on the absorbed layer of blocked shot upper surface, metal tube is not in the region of laser irradiation, after the energy of absorbed layer absorbing laser, gasify, ionization, form high pressure plasma, high pressure plasma rapid expansion, the shock wave that generation is propagated to all directions, wherein side knock ripple is exerted pressure to metal inner pipe part tube wall, make metal inner pipe part tube wall obtain momentum and outwards make high speed turgor movement, metal inner pipe wall and the metal outer pipe wall of high-speed motion acutely clash into, be subject in the metal of intense impact part, there is obvious plastic deformation and with violent fuel factor in outer tube, thereby the interface fusing of collision is bonded together,
(4) when the superimposed length in metal inner and outer pipe fitting joint place is longer, need to change the relative position of blocked shot upper end and pipe fitting, at diverse location, repeatedly impact connection.
In the inventive method, metal tube is not in the region of laser irradiation, and the absorbed layer of laser energy is coated on the upper surface of blocked shot, rather than the surface of pipe fitting; By controller, control laser generator and produce laser pulse bundle, through light-conducting system irradiation on the absorbed layer of blocked shot upper surface, gasification after the energy of the material absorbing laser of absorbed layer, ionization, form high pressure plasma, high pressure plasma rapid expansion has produced side direction and high-amplitude shock wave longitudinally, wherein the internal pipe fitting tube wall of lateral impact ripple is exerted pressure, and makes the interior pipe fitting place of being hit obtain momentum and outwards make high speed turgor movement, makes the inner tube of high-speed motion and outer tube that violent shock occur.Because the pressure peak of shock wave can reach tens GPa, even higher, substantially exceed metal material dynamic yield stress, at the inner and outer pipe that is subject to shock wave place, there is violent shock and significantly plastic deformation, and with violent fuel factor, thereby the interface fusing of collision is bonded together.When longer for the superimposed length of inside and outside pipe fitting, can take to realize and linking into an integrated entity after different positions is repeatedly impacted.
The device that metal tube based on laser shock wave technology provided by the present invention connects comprises laser generator 1, light-conducting system, clamping workpiece system and control system, wherein light-conducting system comprises light pipe 3, total reflective mirror 4, impact head 5, the light pipe 3 tops laser generator 1 of ining succession, successively laser generator 1, total reflective mirror 4 and impact head 5 are coupled together, light pipe 3 terminals are facing to workpiece clamp system; Clamping workpiece system comprises metal outer pipe part 6, metal inner pipe part 11, pipe-fitting holder 10, restraint layer 7, absorbed layer 6, blocked shot 13, lead 14 and workbench 12, the upper end of blocked shot 13 scribbles absorbed layer 9 and inserts in interior pipe fitting 11, the upper end of blocked shot 13 is the junction with metal inner pipe part 11 close to metal outer pipe part 6, the top of absorbed layer 9 is restraint layer 7, metal inner pipe part 11 inserts in metal outer pipe part 6, and with pipe-fitting holder 10, metal inner pipe part 11 and metal outer pipe part 6 are fixed on lead 14, lead 14 is fixed on workbench 12; Control system comprises computer 16 and controller 15, and control information, from computer input, passes to controller, the laser pulse sending to control laser generator, and the motion of controlling pipe-fitting holder and workbench.
Described absorbed layer is to be made by the material easily gasifying, and common used material is pitch-dark.Described restraint layer is water.According to the needs that connect, described blocked shot upper end be shaped as plane or cone.Workbench can be realized the motion of three directions.
Advantage of the present invention is:
1, laser pulse parameters is accurately controlled, its energy can be adjusted to hundreds of joule from several joules, thereby the surge pressure of the shock wave of induction is precisely controlled, security is good, the alternative scope of shock wave pressure is large, both can connect the pipe fitting of the material that yield strength is lower, again can the higher pipe fitting of connecting material yield strength; And laser spot size can focus to even micron dimension of millimeter magnitude, can adjust laser spot size according to pipe fitting diameter, there is larger flexibility.
2, blocked shot is separated with pipe fitting, pipe fitting is not in the region of the direct irradiation of laser, pipe fitting is never damaged by LASER HEAT, so induced with laser shock wave of available very high power density, or in same position continuous several times irradiation and impact, the absorbed layer material even if laser ablation has gasified, can not cause fire damage to pipe fitting surface yet.Blocked shot is separated with pipe fitting, can also change by changing the planform of blocked shot end face the space structure of laser blast wave.
3, applied widely, the pipe fitting of different melting points, different heat expansion coefficient, Different Heat Treatment Conditions and state can be coupled together.There is comparatively significantly plastic deformation at the position that is hit, pipe fitting junction, and the external concave of interior pipe fitting is absorbed in the inner side of outer tube member tube wall, and the plastic deformation of this convex-concave structure is conducive to pipe fitting and in use carries larger axial tension.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 apparatus of the present invention schematic diagram.
The schematic diagram of joint shape after the metal tube that Fig. 2 the present invention proposes connects.
In figure: 1: laser generator, 2: laser pulse bundle, 3: light pipe, 4: total reflective mirror, 5: impact head, 6: metal outer pipe part, 7: restraint layer (water), 8: high pressure plasma, 9: absorbed layer (pitch-dark), 10: pipe-fitting holder, 11: metal inner pipe part, 12: workbench, 13: blocked shot, 14: lead, 15: controller, 16: computer.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, describe details and the working condition of the concrete device of the present invention's proposition in detail.
This device mainly comprises laser generator 1, light-conducting system, workpiece clamp system and control system.Wherein light-conducting system comprises light pipe 3, total reflective mirror 4 and impact head 5.Workpiece clamp system comprises that outer tube member 6, interior pipe fitting 11, restraint layer (water) 7, absorbed layer (pitch-dark) 9, blocked shot 13, pipe-fitting holder 10, lead 14, workbench 12 form; Control system comprises computer 16 and controller 15.
Laser generator 1 sends the laser pulse bundle 2 through optimizing, and the parameter of laser pulse bundle 2 is decided by the performance of pipe thickness, pipe diameter size and the material thereof of outer tube member 6 and interior pipe fitting 11.The pattern of laser pulse bundle 2 can be the various modes such as basic mode, multimode, by controller 15 regulation and controls.The laser pulse bundle 2 being sent by laser generator 1 is through light pipe 3 and be all-trans border 4 and impact head 5 and restraint layer (water) 7, and irradiation is on the absorbed layer 9 of blocked shot 13 upper surfaces.In impact head 5, there is focus lamp, change the upper surface distance of impact head 5 and blocked shot 13, thereby can change spot size.Outer tube member 6, interior pipe fitting 11 use pipe-fitting holders 10 are fixed on lead 14, the control of the controlled device 15 of pipe-fitting holder 10 also can be moved along lead 14, lead 14 and blocked shot 13 are fixed on workbench 12, workbench 12 can be realized along three and moving axially, and makes the dead in line of laser pulse bundle 2 axis and interior pipe fitting 11.
As shown in Figure 1, laser pulse bundle 2 through light-conducting system output passes restraint layer (water) 7, effect of irradiation is covering on the energy-absorbing layer 9 of blocked shot 13 upper surfaces, after energy-absorbing layer 9 has absorbed laser energy, gasification rapidly, ionization, form high pressure plasma 8, high pressure plasma 8 rapid expansion, produce high-amplitude shock wave, in promoting pipe fitting 11 fast outwards turgor movement and within it portion produce stress wave, interior pipe fitting 11 hits the inwall of outer tube 6 outside turgor movement together fast.Because the pressure peak of the shock wave of induced with laser is up to GPa magnitude, the dynamic yield stress that has surpassed material, huge pressure makes interior pipe fitting 11 expand rapidly and hit at a high speed outer tube member 6, outer tube member 6 and interior pipe fitting 11 have produced the plastic deformation that can not reply, as shown in Figure 2, and in knockout process, produce a large amount of heat the shock interface fusing of interior pipe fitting 11 outer walls and outer tube member 6 inwalls is bonded together.When the superimposed length that connects for pipe fitting is longer, need to be at a plurality of diverse locations, by a plurality of pulses, repeatedly induce laser-impact just can link together, be that the instruction that pipe-fitting holder 10 is accepted controller 15 is moved along lead 14, change the relative position with blocked shot 13 upper ends, on new position, use again induced with laser shock wave, until inside and outside pipe fitting all bonds and becomes an integral body in joint.
Claims (2)
1.
the method that metal tube based on laser shock wave technology connects, is characterized in that the method concrete steps are as follows:
(1) metal inner pipe part is inserted in metal outer pipe part, metal inner and outer pipe fitting is coaxial and with pipe-fitting holder, clamp fixingly, and pipe-fitting holder is fixed on lead, and lead is fixed on workbench;
(2) upper end is scribbled in the blocked shot insertion metal inner pipe part of absorbed layer, absorbed layer is pitch-dark, the relative position that regulates blocked shot and pipe fitting junction, makes blocked shot upper end close to metal inner and outer pipe fitting joint to be connected, then inwardly in pipe fitting water filling as restraint layer; Described blocked shot upper end is plane;
(3) the controlled and laser pulse optimized of parameter, through light-conducting system irradiation on the absorbed layer of blocked shot upper surface, metal tube is not in the region of laser irradiation, after the energy of absorbed layer absorbing laser, gasify, ionization, form high pressure plasma, high pressure plasma rapid expansion, the shock wave that generation is propagated to all directions, wherein side knock ripple is exerted pressure to metal inner pipe part tube wall, make metal inner pipe part tube wall obtain momentum and outwards make high speed turgor movement, metal inner pipe wall and the metal outer pipe wall of high-speed motion acutely clash into, be subject in the metal of intense impact part, there is obvious plastic deformation and with violent fuel factor in outer tube, thereby the interface fusing of collision is bonded together,
(4) when the superimposed length in metal inner and outer pipe fitting joint place is longer, need to change the relative position of blocked shot upper end and pipe fitting, at diverse location, repeatedly impact connection.
2.
the device that metal tube based on laser shock wave technology connects, it is characterized in that this device comprises laser generator, light-conducting system, clamping workpiece system and control system, wherein light-conducting system comprises light pipe, total reflective mirror, impact head, the light pipe top laser generator of ining succession, successively laser generator, total reflective mirror and impact head are coupled together, light pipe terminal is facing to workpiece clamp system; Clamping workpiece system comprises metal outer pipe part, metal inner pipe part, pipe-fitting holder, restraint layer, absorbed layer, blocked shot, lead and workbench, the upper end of blocked shot scribbles absorbed layer and inserts in interior pipe fitting, the upper end of blocked shot is close to the junction of metal outer pipe part and metal inner pipe part, described blocked shot upper end is plane, the top of absorbed layer is restraint layer, metal inner pipe part inserts in metal outer pipe part, and with pipe-fitting holder, metal inner pipe part and metal outer pipe part are fixed on lead, lead is fixed on workbench; Control system comprises computer and controller, and control information, from computer input, passes to controller, the laser pulse sending to control laser generator, and the motion of controlling pipe-fitting holder and workbench.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201110153574.9A CN102225493B (en) | 2011-06-09 | 2011-06-09 | Method and device for connecting metal pipe based on laser shock wave technology |
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| CN201110153574.9A CN102225493B (en) | 2011-06-09 | 2011-06-09 | Method and device for connecting metal pipe based on laser shock wave technology |
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| CN102225493A CN102225493A (en) | 2011-10-26 |
| CN102225493B true CN102225493B (en) | 2014-04-02 |
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| CN102489879A (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2012-06-13 | 江苏大学 | Life prolonging method for quickly repairing microcracks of pump parts and life prolonging device for quickly repairing microcracks of pump parts |
| CN102528379B (en) * | 2012-03-13 | 2014-03-12 | 江苏大学 | Method for disassembling micro-electro-mechanical devices under assistance of laser impact |
| CN102764747B (en) * | 2012-07-03 | 2015-02-25 | 安徽工业大学 | Method and device for descaling inner wall of metal pipeline based on laser impact wave technology |
| CN103203550A (en) * | 2013-03-18 | 2013-07-17 | 大连理工大学 | Device for washing lithium ion battery electrodes on basis of laser shock wave technology |
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| CN105817517A (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2016-08-03 | 江苏科技大学 | Thin-walled pipe local bulging laser impact device and method |
| CN110834148B (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-09-04 | 山东大学 | Laser hedging thin-walled tube riveting device and connecting method |
| CN112935547B (en) * | 2021-03-17 | 2023-01-31 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Device and method for welding metal by using laser shock wave |
| CN113266713B (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2022-04-05 | 同济大学 | Processing method for press-bonding composite plastic connection of heterogeneous metal thin-walled tube |
| CN114589389B (en) * | 2022-03-08 | 2024-07-16 | 中国人民解放军陆军装甲兵学院 | High-wave impedance self-restraint explosion welding method and device for dissimilar metal composite pipe |
| CN114713728B (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2024-07-23 | 新疆大学 | Ultralow-temperature plastic connection method and device for aluminum alloy thin-wall pipe and thin-wall flange |
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| CN102225493A (en) | 2011-10-26 |
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